Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of presentation

The abbreviations and acronyms used throughout are defined following the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts of the following businesses: electric, natural gas distribution, pipeline and midstream, construction materials and contracting, construction services and other. The electric and natural gas distribution businesses, as well as a portion of the pipeline and midstream business, are regulated. Construction materials and contracting, construction services and the other businesses, as well as a portion of the pipeline and midstream business, are nonregulated. For further descriptions of the Company's businesses, see Note 13. Intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation, except for certain transactions related to the Company's regulated operations in accordance with GAAP. The statements also include the ownership interests in the assets, liabilities and expenses of jointly owned electric generating facilities.

The Company's regulated businesses are subject to various state and federal agency regulations. The accounting policies followed by these businesses are generally subject to the Uniform System of Accounts of the FERC. These accounting policies differ in some respects from those used by the Company's nonregulated businesses.

The Company's regulated businesses account for certain income and expense items under the provisions of regulatory accounting, which requires these businesses to defer as regulatory assets or liabilities certain items that would have otherwise been reflected as expense or income, respectively, based on the expected regulatory treatment in future rates. The expected recovery or flowback of these deferred items generally is based on specific ratemaking decisions or precedent for each item. Regulatory assets and liabilities are being amortized consistently with the regulatory treatment established by the FERC and the applicable state public service commissions. See Note 4 for more information regarding the nature and amounts of these regulatory deferrals.

Depreciation, depletion and amortization expense is reported separately on the Consolidated Statements of Income and therefore is excluded from the other line items within operating expenses.

Management has also evaluated the impact of events occurring after December 31, 2016, up to the date of issuance of these consolidated financial statements.

On June 24, 2016, WBI Energy entered into a membership interest purchase agreement with Tesoro to sell all of the outstanding membership interests in Dakota Prairie Refining to Tesoro. WBI Energy and Calumet each previously owned 50 percent of the Dakota Prairie Refining membership interests and were equal members in building and operating Dakota Prairie Refinery. To effectuate the sale, WBI Energy acquired Calumet’s 50 percent membership interest in Dakota Prairie Refining on June 27, 2016. The sale of the membership interests to Tesoro closed on June 27, 2016. The sale of Dakota Prairie Refining reduces the Company’s risk by decreasing exposure to commodity prices.

In the second quarter of 2015, the Company began the marketing and sale process of Fidelity, with an anticipated sale to occur within one year. Between September 2015 and March 2016, the Company entered into purchase and sale agreements to sell all of Fidelity's oil and natural gas assets. The completion of these sales occurred between October 2015 and April 2016. The sale of Fidelity was part of the Company's strategic plan to grow its capital investments in the remaining business segments and to focus on creating a greater long-term value.

The assets and liabilities for the Company's discontinued operations have been classified as held for sale and the results of operations are shown in income (loss) from discontinued operations, other than certain general and administrative costs and interest expense which do not meet the criteria for income (loss) from discontinued operations. The Company's consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes for current and prior periods have been restated. At the time the assets were classified as held for sale, depreciation, depletion and amortization expense was no longer recorded. Unless otherwise indicated, the amounts presented in the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements relate to the Company's continuing operations. For more information on the Company's discontinued operations, see Note 2.

Cash and cash equivalents

The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents.

Accounts receivable and allowance for doubtful accounts

Accounts receivable consists primarily of trade receivables from the sale of goods and services which are recorded at the invoiced amount net of allowance for doubtful accounts, and costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts. For more information, see Percentage-of-completion method in this note. The total balance of receivables past due 90 days or more was $29.2 million and $27.8 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

The allowance for doubtful accounts is determined through a review of past due balances and other specific account data. Account balances are written off when management determines the amounts to be uncollectible. The Company's allowance for doubtful accounts at December 31, 2016 and 2015, was $10.5 million and $9.8 million, respectively.

Inventories and natural gas in storage

Natural gas in storage for the Company's regulated operations is generally carried at average cost, or cost using the last-in, first-out method. All other inventories are stated at the lower of average cost or market value. The portion of the cost of natural gas in storage expected to be used within one year was included in inventories. Inventories at December 31 consisted of:



	2016		2015
	(In thousands)
Aggregates held for resale	$	115,471	$	115,854
Asphalt oil	29,103		36,498
Natural gas in storage (current)	25,761		21,023
Materials and supplies	18,372		16,997
Merchandise for resale	16,437		15,318
Other	33,129		34,861
Total	$	238,273	$	240,551

The remainder of natural gas in storage, which largely represents the cost of gas required to maintain pressure levels for normal operating purposes, was included in deferred charges and other assets - other and was $49.5 million and $49.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

Investments

The Company's investments include the cash surrender value of life insurance policies, an insurance contract, mortgage-backed securities and U.S. Treasury securities. The Company measures its investment in the insurance contract at fair value with any unrealized gains and losses recorded on the Consolidated Statements of Income. The Company has not elected the fair value option for its mortgage-backed securities and U.S. Treasury securities and, as a result, the unrealized gains and losses on these investments are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). For more information, see Notes 5 and 14.

Property, plant and equipment

Additions to property, plant and equipment are recorded at cost. When regulated assets are retired, or otherwise disposed of in the ordinary course of business, the original cost of the asset is charged to accumulated depreciation. With respect to the retirement or disposal of all other assets the resulting gains or losses are recognized as a component of income. The Company is permitted to capitalize AFUDC on regulated construction projects and to include such amounts in rate base when the related facilities are placed in service. In addition, the Company capitalizes interest, when applicable, on certain construction projects associated with its other operations. The amount of AFUDC and interest capitalized for the years ended December 31 were as follows:



	2016		2015		2014
			(In thousands)
Interest capitalized	$	—	$	4,381	$	7,046
AFUDC - borrowed	$	914	$	4,907	$	3,023
AFUDC - equity	$	565	$	7,971	$	5,803

Generally, property, plant and equipment are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the average useful lives of the assets, except for depletable aggregate reserves, which are depleted based on the units-of-production method. The Company collects removal costs for plant assets in regulated utility rates. These amounts are recorded as regulatory liabilities, which are included in other liabilities.

Property, plant and equipment at December 31 was as follows:



	2016		2015		Weighted Average Depreciable Life in Years
	(Dollars in thousands, where applicable)
Regulated:
Electric:
Generation	$	1,036,373	$	1,003,173	39
Distribution	398,382		375,612		44
Transmission	284,048		255,842		57
Construction in progress	62,212		42,436		-
Other	107,598		109,085		14
Natural gas distribution:
Distribution	1,718,633		1,624,645		46
Construction in progress	19,934		20,530		-
Other	440,846		431,406		18
Pipeline and midstream:
Transmission	490,143		460,305		54
Gathering	37,831		37,831		20
Storage	45,350		44,011		62
Construction in progress	16,507		7,549		-
Other	40,873		40,168		33
Nonregulated:
Pipeline and midstream:
Gathering and processing	31,682		158,949		19
Construction in progress	13		89		-
Other	9,800		9,827		10
Construction materials and contracting:
Land	94,625		95,870		-
Buildings and improvements	102,347		96,864		19
Machinery, vehicles and equipment	930,471		937,084		12
Construction in progress	16,181		18,615		-
Aggregate reserves	405,751		404,995		*
Construction services:
Land	5,346		5,025		-
Buildings and improvements	26,693		25,259		26
Machinery, vehicles and equipment	132,217		121,940		6
Other	7,105		11,055		4
Other:
Land	2,837		2,837		-
Other	46,431		46,700		23
Less accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization	2,578,902		2,489,322
Net property, plant and equipment	$	3,931,327	$	3,898,380


*	Depleted on the units-of-production method based on recoverable aggregate reserves.

Impairment of long-lived assets

The Company reviews the carrying values of its long-lived assets, excluding goodwill and assets held for sale, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that such carrying values may not be recoverable. The determination of whether an impairment has occurred is based on an estimate of undiscounted future cash flows attributable to the assets, compared to the carrying value of the assets. If impairment has occurred, the amount of the impairment recognized is determined by estimating the fair value of the assets and recording a loss if the carrying value is greater than the fair value. In the third quarter of 2015, the Company recognized an impairment of $14.1 million (before tax), largely related to the sale of certain non-strategic natural gas gathering assets that were written down to their estimated fair value that was determined using the market approach. In the second quarter of 2015, the Company recognized an impairment of $3.0 million (before tax) related to coalbed natural gas gathering assets located in Wyoming where there had been continued decline in natural gas development and production activity due to low natural gas prices. The coalbed natural gas gathering assets were written down to their estimated fair value that was determined using the income approach. The impairments are recorded in operation and maintenance expense on the Consolidated Statements of Income. For more information on these nonrecurring fair value measurements, see Note 5.

No significant impairment losses were recorded in 2016, other than those related to the Company's assets held for sale and discontinued operations. For more information regarding these impairments, see Note 2.

Unforeseen events and changes in circumstances could require the recognition of impairment losses at some future date.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair value of identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired in a business combination. Goodwill is required to be tested for impairment annually, which is completed in the fourth quarter, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that goodwill may be impaired.

The goodwill impairment test is a two-step process performed at the reporting unit level. The Company has determined that the reporting units for its goodwill impairment test are its operating segments, or components of an operating segment, that constitute a business for which discrete financial information is available and for which segment management regularly reviews the operating results. For more information on the Company's operating segments, see Note 13. The first step of the impairment test involves comparing the fair value of each reporting unit to its carrying value. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying value, the test is complete and no impairment is recorded. If the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value, step two of the test is performed to determine the amount of impairment loss, if any. The impairment is computed by comparing the implied fair value of the reporting unit's goodwill to the carrying value of that goodwill. If the carrying value is greater than the implied fair value, an impairment loss must be recorded. For the years ended December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, there were no significant impairment losses recorded. At December 31, 2016, the fair value substantially exceeded the carrying value at all reporting units.

Determining the fair value of a reporting unit requires judgment and the use of significant estimates which include assumptions about the Company's future revenue, profitability and cash flows, amount and timing of estimated capital expenditures, inflation rates, weighted average cost of capital, operational plans, and current and future economic conditions, among others. The fair value of each reporting unit is determined using a weighted combination of income and market approaches. The Company uses a discounted cash flow methodology for its income approach. Under the income approach, the discounted cash flow model determines fair value based on the present value of projected cash flows over a specified period and a residual value related to future cash flows beyond the projection period. Both values are discounted using a rate which reflects the best estimate of the weighted average cost of capital at each reporting unit. The weighted average cost of capital, which varies by reporting unit and is in the range of 5 percent to 9 percent, and a long-term growth rate projection of approximately 3 percent were utilized in the goodwill impairment test performed in the fourth quarter of 2016. Under the market approach, the Company estimates fair value using multiples derived from comparable sales transactions and enterprise value to EBITDA for comparative peer companies for each respective reporting unit. These multiples are applied to operating data for each reporting unit to arrive at an indication of fair value. In addition, the Company adds a reasonable control premium when calculating the fair value utilizing the peer multiples, which is estimated as the premium that would be received in a sale in an orderly transaction between market participants. The Company believes that the estimates and assumptions used in its impairment assessments are reasonable and based on available market information, but variations in any of the assumptions could result in materially different calculations of fair value and determinations of whether or not an impairment is indicated.

Revenue recognition

Revenue is recognized when the earnings process is complete, as evidenced by an agreement between the customer and the Company, when delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, when the fee is fixed or determinable and when collection is reasonably assured. The Company recognizes utility revenue each month based on the services provided to all utility customers during the month. Accrued unbilled revenue which is included in receivables, net, represents revenues recognized in excess of amounts billed. Accrued unbilled revenue at Montana-Dakota, Cascade and Intermountain was $117.7 million and $102.1 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively. The Company recognizes construction contract revenue at its construction businesses using the percentage-of-completion method as discussed later. The Company recognizes all other revenues when services are rendered or goods are delivered. The Company presents revenues net of taxes collected from customers at the time of sale to be remitted to governmental authorities, including sales and use taxes.

Percentage-of-completion method

The Company recognizes construction contract revenue from fixed-price and modified fixed-price construction contracts at its construction businesses using the percentage-of-completion method, measured by the percentage of costs incurred to date to estimated total costs for each contract. If a loss is anticipated on a contract, the loss is immediately recognized.

Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts represent revenues recognized in excess of amounts billed and were included in receivables, net. Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts represent billings in excess of revenues recognized and were included in accounts payable. Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings and billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts at December 31 were as follows:



	2016		2015
	(In thousands)
Costs and estimated earnings in excess of billings on uncompleted contracts	$	64,558	$	64,369
Billings in excess of costs and estimated earnings on uncompleted contracts	$	64,832	$	68,048

Amounts representing balances billed but not paid by customers under retainage provisions in contracts at December 31 were as follows:



	2016		2015
	(In thousands)
Short-term retainage*	$	45,109	$	46,207
Long-term retainage**	1,506		1,605
Total retainage	$	46,615	$	47,812


*	Expected to be paid within one year or less and included in receivables, net.


**	Included in deferred charges and other assets - other.

Asset retirement obligations

The Company records the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred. When the liability is initially recorded, the Company capitalizes a cost by increasing the carrying amount of the related long-lived asset. Over time, the liability is accreted to its present value each period, and the capitalized cost is depreciated over the useful life of the related asset. Upon settlement of the liability, the Company either settles the obligation for the recorded amount or incurs a gain or loss at its nonregulated operations or incurs a regulatory asset or liability at its regulated operations. For more information on asset retirement obligations, see Note 7.

Legal costs

The Company expenses external legal fees as they are incurred.

Natural gas costs recoverable or refundable through rate adjustments

Under the terms of certain orders of the applicable state public service commissions, the Company is deferring natural gas commodity, transportation and storage costs that are greater or less than amounts presently being recovered through its existing rate schedules. Such orders generally provide that these amounts are recoverable or refundable through rate adjustments which are filed annually. Natural gas costs refundable through rate adjustments were $25.6 million and $20.9 million at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which is included in other accrued liabilities. Natural gas costs recoverable through rate adjustments were $2.2 million and $547,000 at December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, which is included in prepayments and other current assets.

Income taxes

The Company provides deferred federal and state income taxes on all temporary differences between the book and tax basis of the Company's assets and liabilities. Excess deferred income tax balances associated with the Company's rate-regulated activities have been recorded as a regulatory liability and are included in other liabilities. These regulatory liabilities are expected to be reflected as a reduction in future rates charged to customers in accordance with applicable regulatory procedures.

The Company uses the deferral method of accounting for investment tax credits and amortizes the credits on regulated electric and natural gas distribution plant over various periods that conform to the ratemaking treatment prescribed by the applicable state public service commissions.

Tax positions taken or expected to be taken in an income tax return are evaluated for recognition using a more-likely-than-not threshold, and those tax positions requiring recognition are measured as the largest amount of tax benefit that is greater than 50 percent likely of being realized upon ultimate settlement with a taxing authority. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in income taxes.

Earnings (loss) per common share

Basic earnings (loss) per common share were computed by dividing earnings (loss) on common stock by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year. Diluted earnings (loss) per common share were computed by dividing earnings (loss) on common stock by the total of the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during the year, plus the effect of outstanding performance share awards. In 2016, 2015 and 2014, there were no shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share. Common stock outstanding includes issued shares less shares held in treasury. Net income (loss) was the same for both the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share calculations. A reconciliation of the weighted average common shares outstanding used in the basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share calculation was as follows:



	2016	2015	2014
		(In thousands)
Weighted average common shares outstanding - basic	195,299	194,928	192,507
Effect of dilutive performance share awards	319	58	80
Weighted average common shares outstanding - diluted	195,618	194,986	192,587
Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share	—	—	—

Use of estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, as well as the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Estimates are used for items such as impairment testing of assets held for sale, long-lived assets and goodwill; fair values of acquired assets and liabilities under the acquisition method of accounting; aggregate reserves; property depreciable lives; tax provisions; uncollectible accounts; environmental and other loss contingencies; accumulated provision for revenues subject to refund; costs on construction contracts; unbilled revenues; actuarially determined benefit costs; asset retirement obligations; and the valuation of stock-based compensation. As additional information becomes available, or actual amounts are determinable, the recorded estimates are revised. Consequently, operating results can be affected by revisions to prior accounting estimates.

New accounting standards

Revenue from Contracts with Customers In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance on accounting for revenue from contracts with customers. The guidance provides for a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry specific guidance. This guidance was to be effective for the Company on January 1, 2017. In August 2015, the FASB issued guidance deferring the effective date of the revenue guidance one year and allowing entities to early adopt. With this decision, the guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018. Entities will have the option of using either a full retrospective or modified retrospective approach to adopting the guidance. Under the modified approach, an entity would recognize the cumulative effect of initially applying the guidance with an adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. In addition, the modified approach will require additional disclosures. The Company is planning to adopt the guidance using the modified retrospective approach and continues to evaluate the effects it will have on its results of operations, financial position, cash flows and disclosures.

Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Costs In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance on simplifying the presentation of debt issuance costs in the financial statements. This guidance requires entities to present debt issuance costs as a direct deduction to the related debt liability. The amortization of these costs will be reported as interest expense. The guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2016, and was to be applied retrospectively. Early adoption of this guidance was permitted, however the Company did not elect to do so. The guidance required a reclassification of the debt issuance costs on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not impact the Company's results of operations or cash flows. As a result of the retrospective application of this change in accounting principle, the Company reclassified debt issuance costs of $100,000 from prepayments and other current assets and $6.0 million from deferred charges and other assets - other to long-term debt on its Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2015.

Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or its Equivalent) In May 2015, the FASB issued guidance on fair value measurement and disclosure requirements removing the requirement to include investments in the fair value hierarchy for which fair value is measured using the net asset value per share practical expedient. The new guidance also removes the requirement to make certain disclosures for all investments that are eligible to be measured at net asset value using the practical expedient, and rather limits those disclosures to investments for which the practical expedient has been elected. This guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2016, with early adoption permitted. The application of this guidance affected the Company's disclosures; however, it did not impact the Company's results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Simplifying the Measurement of Inventory In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding inventory that is measured using the first-in, first-out or average cost method. The guidance does not apply to inventory measured using the last-in, first-out or the retail inventory method. The guidance requires inventory within its scope to be measured at the lower of cost or net realizable value, which is the estimated selling price in the normal course of business less reasonably predictable costs of completion, disposal and transportation. These amendments more closely align GAAP with IFRS. This guidance was effective for the Company on January 1, 2017, on a prospective basis. The Company does not anticipate the guidance will have a material effect on its results of operations, financial position or cash flows.

Balance Sheet Classification of Deferred Taxes In November 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding the classification of deferred taxes on the balance sheet. The guidance will require all deferred tax assets and liabilities to be classified as noncurrent. These amendments will align GAAP with IFRS. Entities had the option to apply the guidance prospectively, for all deferred tax assets and liabilities, or retrospectively. The Company adopted the guidance in the fourth quarter of 2016 and applied the retrospective method of adoption. The guidance required a reclassification of current deferred income taxes to noncurrent deferred income taxes on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, but did not impact the Company's results of operations or cash flows. As a result of the retrospective application of this change in accounting principle, the Company reclassified deferred income taxes of $33.1 million from current assets - deferred income taxes to deferred credits and other liabilities - deferred income taxes on its Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2015.

Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities In January 2016, the FASB issued guidance regarding the classification and measurement of financial instruments. The guidance revises the way an entity classifies and measures investments in equity securities, the presentation of certain fair value changes for financial liabilities measured at fair value and amends certain disclosure requirements related to the fair value of financial instruments. This guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, with early adoption of certain amendments permitted. The guidance should be applied using a modified retrospective approach with the exception of equity securities without readily determinable fair values which will be applied prospectively. The Company is evaluating the effects the adoption of the new guidance will have on its results of operations, financial position, cash flows and disclosures.

Leases In February 2016, the FASB issued guidance regarding leases. The guidance requires lessees to recognize a liability to make lease payments and a right-of-use asset representing its right to use the underlying asset for the lease term on the statement of financial position for leases with terms of more than 12 months. This guidance also requires additional disclosures. This guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2019, and should be applied using a modified retrospective approach with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effects the adoption of the new guidance will have on its results of operations, financial position, cash flows and disclosures.

Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting In March 2016, the FASB issued guidance regarding simplification of several aspects of the accounting for share-based payment transactions. The guidance will affect the income tax consequences, classification of awards as either equity or liabilities, classification on the statement of cash flows and calculation of dilutive shares. Certain amendments of this guidance are to be applied retrospectively and others prospectively. The Company adopted the guidance on January 1, 2017. All amendments in the guidance that apply to the Company were adopted on a prospective basis resulting in no adjustments being made to retained earnings. The Company anticipates the guidance will impact the Consolidated Statements of Income and the Consolidated Balance Sheets, as well as the dilutive earnings per share calculation, on a prospective basis with all taxes related to share-based payments recognized as income tax expense or benefit and no longer recognized in additional paid-in capital. The Company anticipates the guidance will not have a material impact on its cash flows.

Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments In August 2016, the FASB issued guidance to clarify the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows. The guidance is intended to standardize the presentation and classification of certain transactions, including cash payments for debt prepayment or extinguishment, proceeds from insurance claim settlements and distributions from equity method investments. In addition, the guidance clarifies how to classify transactions that have characteristics of more than one class of cash flows. This guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, with early adoption permitted. An entity that elects early adoption must adopt all the amendments in the same period and apply any adjustments as of the beginning of the fiscal year. Entities must apply the guidance retrospectively unless it is impracticable to do so, in which case they may apply it prospectively as of the earliest date practicable. The Company is evaluating the effects the adoption of the new guidance will have on its cash flows and disclosures.

Clarifying the Definition of a Business In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions or disposals of assets or businesses. The guidance provides a screen to determine when an integrated set of assets and activities is not a business. The guidance will also affect other aspects of accounting, such as determining reporting units for goodwill testing. The guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2018, and should be applied on a prospective basis with early adoption permitted for transactions that occur before the issuance or effective date of the amendments and only when the transactions have not been reported in the financial statements or made available for issuance. The Company is evaluating the effects the adoption of the new guidance will have on its results of operations, financial position, cash flows and disclosures.

Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment In January 2017, the FASB issued guidance on simplifying the test for goodwill impairment by eliminating Step 2, which required an entity to measure the amount of impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of reporting unit goodwill with the carrying amount of such goodwill. This guidance requires entities to perform a quantitative impairment test, previously Step 1, to identify both the existence of impairment and the amount of impairment loss by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit to its carrying amount. Entities will continue to have the option of performing a qualitative assessment to determine if the quantitative impairment test is necessary. The guidance also requires additional disclosures if an entity has one or more reporting units with zero or negative carrying amounts of net assets. The guidance will be effective for the Company on January 1, 2020, and should be applied on a prospective basis with early adoption permitted. The Company is evaluating the effects the adoption of the new guidance will have on its results of operations, financial position, cash flows and disclosures.

Variable interest entities

The Company evaluates its arrangements and contracts with other entities to determine if they are VIEs and if so, if the Company is the primary beneficiary. GAAP provides a framework for identifying VIEs and determining when a company should include the assets, liabilities, noncontrolling interest and results of activities of a VIE in its consolidated financial statements.

A VIE should be consolidated if a party with an ownership, contractual or other financial interest in the VIE (a variable interest holder) has the power to direct the VIE's most significant activities and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits of the VIE that could be significant to the VIE. A variable interest holder that consolidates the VIE is called the primary beneficiary. Upon consolidation, the primary beneficiary generally must initially record all of the VIE's assets, liabilities and noncontrolling interests at fair value and subsequently account for the VIE as if it were consolidated.

The Company's evaluation of whether it qualifies as the primary beneficiary of a VIE involves significant judgments, estimates and assumptions and includes a qualitative analysis of the activities that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and whether the Company has the power to direct those activities, the design of the entity, the rights of the parties and the purpose of the arrangement.

Comprehensive income (loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is the sum of net income (loss) as reported and other comprehensive income (loss). The Company's other comprehensive income (loss) resulted from gains (losses) on derivative instruments qualifying as hedges, postretirement liability adjustments, foreign currency translation adjustments and gains (losses) on available-for-sale investments.

The after-tax changes in the components of accumulated other comprehensive loss as of December 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014, were as follows:



	Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Derivative Instruments Qualifying as Hedges			Post- retirement Liability Adjustment			Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment			Net Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Available- for-sale Investments			Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
							(In thousands)
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	(3,071	)	$	(38,218	)	$	(829	)	$	15		$	(42,103	)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	—			(88		)	(173		)	(170		)	(431		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	404			1,794			802			131			3,131
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss to a regulatory asset	—			2,255			—			—			2,255
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	404			3,961			629			(39		)	4,955
Balance at December 31, 2015	(2,667		)	(34,257		)	(200		)	(24		)	(37,148		)
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassifications	—			(1,470		)	51			(182		)	(1,601		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	367			2,506			—			143			3,016
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	367			1,036			51			(39		)	1,415
Balance at December 31, 2016	$	(2,300	)	$	(33,221	)	$	(149	)	$	(63	)	$	(35,733	)

Reclassifications out of accumulated other comprehensive loss for the years ended December 31 were as follows:



	2016			2015			Location on Consolidated Statements of Income
	(In thousands)
Reclassification adjustment for loss on derivative instruments included in net income (loss):
Interest rate derivative instruments	$	(593	)	$	(637	)	Interest expense
	226			233			Income taxes
	(367		)	(404		)
Amortization of postretirement liability losses included in net periodic benefit cost (credit)	(3,931		)	(2,922		)	(a)
	1,425			1,128			Income taxes
	(2,506		)	(1,794		)
Reclassification adjustment for loss on foreign currency translation adjustment included in net income (loss)	—			(1,292		)	Other income
	—			490			Income taxes
	—			(802		)
Reclassification adjustment for loss on available-for-sale investments included in net income (loss)	(220		)	(201		)	Other income
	77			70			Income taxes
	(143		)	(131		)
Total reclassifications	$	(3,016	)	$	(3,131	)


(a)	Included in net periodic benefit cost (credit). For more information, see Note 14.