Rate And Regulatory Matters

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2024

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

Entergy Arkansas [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

Entergy Louisiana [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

Entergy Mississippi [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

Entergy New Orleans [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

Entergy Texas [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.

System Energy [Member]

Public Utilities Disclosure [Text Block]

RATE AND REGULATORY MATTERS (Entergy Corporation, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, Entergy Mississippi, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and System Energy)

Regulatory Assets and Regulatory Liabilities

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding regulatory assets and regulatory liabilities in the Utility business presented on the balance sheets of Entergy and the Registrant Subsidiaries.  The following are updates to that discussion.

Fuel and purchased power cost recovery

Entergy Arkansas

Energy Cost Recovery Rider

In March 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed its annual redetermination of its energy cost rate pursuant to the energy cost recovery rider, which reflected a decrease in the rate from $0.01883 per kWh to $0.00882 per kWh. Due to a change in law in the State of Arkansas, the annual redetermination included $9 million, recorded as a credit to fuel expense in first quarter 2024, for recovery attributed to net metering costs in 2023. The primary reason for the rate decrease is a large over-recovered balance as a result of lower natural gas prices in 2023. To mitigate the effect of projected increases in natural gas prices in 2024, Entergy Arkansas adjusted the over-recovered balance included in the March 2024 annual redetermination filing by $43.7 million. This adjustment is expected to reduce the rate change that will be reflected in the 2025 energy cost rate redetermination. The redetermined rate of $0.00882 per kWh became effective with the first billing cycle in April 2024 through the normal operation of the tariff.

Entergy Mississippi

In June 2024 the MPSC approved a joint stipulation agreement between Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff for Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan filing. The 2024 formula rate plan filing included the conclusion of the modified interim adjustments to Entergy Mississippi’s energy cost recovery rider and power management rider, which were approved in October 2022 and allowed Entergy Mississippi to recover certain under-collected fuel balances. The stipulation provided for Entergy Mississippi to reduce its net energy cost factor. See “Retail Rate Proceedings - Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi) - Retail Rates - 2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing” below for further discussion of the 2024 formula rate plan filing and the joint stipulation agreement.

Entergy Texas

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed an application with the PUCT to reconcile its fuel and purchased power costs for the period from April 2022 through March 2024. During the reconciliation period, Entergy Texas incurred approximately $1.6 billion in eligible fuel and purchased power expenses to generate and purchase electricity to serve its customers, net of certain revenues credited to such expenses and other adjustments. Entergy Texas’s cumulative under-recovery balance for the reconciliation period was approximately $30 million, including interest, which Entergy Texas requested authority to carry over as part of the cumulative fuel balance for the subsequent reconciliation period beginning April 2024.

Retail Rate Proceedings

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding retail rate proceedings involving the Utility operating companies. The following are updates to that discussion.

Filings with the APSC (Entergy Arkansas)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In July 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC its 2024 formula rate plan filing to set its formula rate for the 2025 calendar year. The filing contained an evaluation of Entergy Arkansas’s earnings for the 2025 projected year and a netting adjustment for the 2023 historical year. The filing showed that Entergy Arkansas’s earned rate of return on common equity for the 2025 projected year was 8.43% resulting in a revenue deficiency of $69.5 million. The earned rate of return on common equity for the 2023 historical year was 7.48% resulting in a $33.1 million netting adjustment. The total proposed revenue change for the 2025 projected year and 2023 historical year netting adjustment is $102.6 million. By operation of the formula rate plan, Entergy Arkansas’s recovery of the revenue requirement is subject to a four percent annual revenue constraint. Because Entergy Arkansas’s revenue requirement in this filing exceeded the constraint, the resulting increase was limited to $82.6 million. The APSC general staff and intervenors filed their errors and objections in October 2024, proposing certain adjustments, including the APSC general staff’s update to annual filing year revenues that increases the constraint to $86.8 million. Entergy Arkansas filed its rebuttal in October 2024, and later in October 2024 the parties submitted a joint issues list and stipulations setting forth the disputed issues and the noncontested issues. A hearing is scheduled for November 2024.

Grand Gulf Credit Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Arkansas filed with the APSC a tariff to provide retail customers a credit resulting from the terms of the settlement agreement between Entergy Arkansas, System Energy, additional named Entergy parties, and the APSC pertaining to System Energy’s billings for wholesale sales of energy and capacity from the Grand Gulf nuclear plant. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement. In July 2024 the APSC approved the tariff, under which Entergy Arkansas will refund to retail customers a total of $100.6 million. To date, Entergy Arkansas has refunded $92.3 million of the total through one-time bill credits during the August 2024 billing cycle.

Filings with the LPSC (Entergy Louisiana)

Retail Rates - Electric

2023 Entergy Louisiana Rate Case and Formula Rate Plan Extension Request

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023, Entergy Louisiana filed an application for approval of a regulatory blueprint necessary for it to strengthen the electric grid for the State of Louisiana, which contains a dual-path request to update rates through either: (1) extension of Entergy Louisiana’s current formula rate plan (with certain modifications) for three years (the Rate Mitigation Proposal), which is Entergy Louisiana’s recommended path; or (2) implementation of rates resulting from a cost-of-service study (the Rate Case path). The application complies with Entergy Louisiana’s previous formula rate plan extension order requiring that for Entergy Louisiana to obtain another extension of its formula rate plan that included a rate reset, Entergy Louisiana would need to submit a full cost-of-service rate case. Entergy Louisiana’s filing supports the need to extend Entergy Louisiana’s formula rate plan with credit supportive mechanisms needed to facilitate investment in the distribution, transmission, and generation functions.

A status conference was held in October 2023 at which a procedural schedule was adopted that included three technical conferences and a hearing in August 2024. In March 2024 the parties agreed to an eight-week extension of all deadlines to allow for continuation of settlement negotiations, and the ALJ issued an order with an amended procedural schedule. In July 2024 the parties agreed to extend further the procedural schedule to facilitate the continuation of settlement negotiations, with the hearing commencing in December 2024.

In July 2024, Entergy Louisiana reached an agreement in principle with the LPSC staff and the intervenors in the proceeding and filed with the LPSC a joint motion to suspend the procedural schedule to allow for all parties to finalize a stipulated settlement agreement.

In August 2024, Entergy Louisiana and the LPSC staff jointly filed a global stipulated settlement agreement for consideration by the LPSC with key terms as follows:

•continuation of the formula rate plan for 2024-2026 (test years 2023-2025);

•a base formula rate plan revenue increase of $120 million for test year 2023, effective for rates beginning September 2024;

•a $140 million cumulative cap on base formula rate plan revenue increases, if needed, for test years 2024 and 2025, excluding outside the bandwidth items;

•$184 million of customer rate credits to be given over two years, including increasing customer sharing of income tax benefits resulting from the 2016-2018 IRS audit, to resolve any remaining disputed issues stemming from formula rate plan test years prior to test year 2023, including but not limited to the investigation into Entergy Services costs billed to Entergy Louisiana. As discussed in Note 3 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, a $38 million regulatory liability was recorded in 2023 in connection with the 2016-2018 IRS audit;

•$75.5 million of customer rate credits, as provided for in the System Energy global settlement, to be credited over three years subject to and conditioned upon FERC approval of the System Energy global settlement. See “Complaints Against System Energy – System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement;

•$5.8 million of customer rate credits provided for in the Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement approved by the LPSC in November 2023 credited over one year. See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for the discussion of the November 2023 Entergy Louisiana formula rate plan global settlement agreement;

•an increase in the allowed midpoint return on common equity from 9.5% to 9.7%, with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint, for the extended term of the formula rate plan, except that for test year 2023 in which the authorized return on common equity shall have no bearing on the change in base formula rate plan revenue described above and, for test year 2024, any earnings above the authorized return on common equity shall be returned to customers through a credit;

•an increase in nuclear depreciation rates by $15 million in each of the 2023, 2024, and 2025 test years outside of the formula rate plan bandwidth calculation; and

•for the transmission recovery mechanism and the distribution recovery mechanism, no change to the existing floors, but the caps for both would be $350 million for test year 2023, $375 million for test year 2024, and $400 million for test year 2025. Transmission projects filed with the LPSC will be exempt from the transmission recovery mechanism cap.

The global stipulated settlement agreement was unanimously approved by the LPSC in August 2024 and an order was issued by the LPSC in September 2024 reflecting the approval of the settlement.

Based on the July 2024 agreement in principle, in second quarter 2024 Entergy Louisiana recorded expenses of $151 million ($111 million net-of-tax) primarily consisting of regulatory charges to reflect the effects of the agreement in principle.

2023 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In August 2024, pursuant to the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana filed its formula rate plan evaluation report for its 2023 calendar year operations. Consistent with the global stipulated settlement agreement, the filing reflected a 9.7% allowed return on common equity with a bandwidth of 40 basis points above and below the midpoint. For the 2023 test year, however, the bandwidth provisions of the formula rate plan are temporarily suspended and, pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, Entergy Louisiana implemented the September 2024 formula rate plan rate adjustments effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024. Those adjustments include a $120 million increase in base rider formula rate plan revenue and a $101.8 million one-time incremental net decrease consistent with the terms of the global stipulated settlement. The formula rate plan rate adjustments reflected in the evaluation report also include a redetermination of the transmission recovery mechanism, the distribution recovery mechanism, the additional capacity mechanism, the tax adjustment mechanism, the MISO cost recovery mechanism, and other one-time adjustments. Pursuant to the terms of the global stipulated settlement agreement, the review of the 2023 evaluation report shall be limited to these mechanisms and conducted under an expedited procedural schedule that provides a process for the parties to file and pursue resolution of any disputed issues by January 2025, after which any remaining disputed issues will be submitted to the ALJ for a contested proceeding and, ultimately, resolution by the LPSC.

Filings with the MPSC (Entergy Mississippi)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi submitted its formula rate plan 2024 test year filing and 2023 look-back filing showing Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base for the historical 2023 calendar year to be within the formula rate plan bandwidth and projected earned return for the 2024 calendar year to be below the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2024 test year filing showed a $63.4 million rate increase was necessary to reset Entergy Mississippi’s earned return on rate base to the specified point of adjustment of 7.10%, within the formula rate plan bandwidth. The 2023 look-back filing compared actual 2023 results to the approved benchmark return on rate base and reflected no change in formula rate plan revenues. In accordance with the provisions of the formula rate plan, Entergy Mississippi implemented a $32.6 million interim rate increase, reflecting a cap equal to 2% of 2023 retail revenues, effective April 2024.

In December 2014 the MPSC ordered Entergy Mississippi to file an updated depreciation study at least once every four years. Pursuant to this order and Entergy Mississippi’s filing cycle, Entergy Mississippi would have filed an updated depreciation report with its formula rate plan filing in 2023. However, in July 2022 the MPSC directed Entergy Mississippi to file its next depreciation study in connection with its 2024 formula rate plan filing notwithstanding the MPSC’s prior order. Accordingly, Entergy Mississippi filed a depreciation study in February 2024. The study showed a need for an increase in annual depreciation expense of $55.2 million. The calculated increase in annual depreciation expense was excluded from Entergy Mississippi’s 2024 formula rate plan revenue increase request because the MPSC had not yet approved the proposed depreciation rates.

In June 2024, Entergy Mississippi and the Mississippi Public Utilities Staff entered into a joint stipulation that confirmed the 2024 test year filing, with the exception of immaterial adjustments to certain operation and maintenance expenses. After performance adjustments, the formula rate plan reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.08% for calendar year 2024, which resulted in a total revenue increase of $64.6 million for 2024. The joint stipulation also recommended approval of a revised customer charge of $31.82 per month for residential customers and $53.10 per month for general service customers. Pursuant to the stipulation, Entergy Mississippi’s 2023 look-back filing reflected an earned return on rate base of 6.81%, resulting in an increase of $0.3 million in the formula rate plan revenues for 2023. Finally, the stipulation recommended approval of Entergy Mississippi’s proposed depreciation rates with those rates to be implemented upon request and approval at a later date. In June 2024 the

MPSC approved the joint stipulation with rates effective in July 2024. The approval also included a reduction to the energy cost factor, resulting in a net bill decrease for a typical residential customer using 1,000 kWh per month. Also in June 2024, Entergy Mississippi recorded regulatory credits of $7.3 million to reflect the difference between interim rates placed in effect in April 2024 and the rates reflected in the joint stipulation.

In May 2024, Entergy Mississippi received approval from the MPSC for formula rate plan revisions that were necessary for Entergy Mississippi to comply with state legislation passed in January 2024. The legislation allows Entergy Mississippi to make interim rate adjustments to recover the non-fuel related annual ownership cost of certain facilities that directly or indirectly provide service to customers who own certain data processing center projects as specified in the legislation. Entergy Mississippi filed the first of its annual interim facilities rate adjustment reports in May 2024 to recover approximately $8.7 million of these costs over a six-month period with rates effective beginning in July 2024.

Grand Gulf Capacity Filing

In September 2024, Entergy Mississippi filed a notice of intent with the MPSC to implement revisions to its unit power cost recovery rider that would allow Entergy Mississippi to recover the first year of costs associated with the transfer of Entergy Louisiana’s interest in and purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the revised rider schedule, effective by January 1, 2025. This notice filing relates to the divestiture of Entergy Louisiana’s 14% share of Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and 2.43% share of capacity and energy from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. This divestiture will be effectuated initially through Entergy Mississippi’s purchases from Entergy Louisiana pursuant to a PPA governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies as described in the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC and Entergy Louisiana. See “Complaints Against System Energy - System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below for further details of the System Energy global settlement with the LPSC. In October 2024, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed the proposed MSS-4 replacement PPA with the FERC. The parties requested that the MPSC and the FERC issue orders accepting the PPA no later than December 2024.

Filings with the City Council (Entergy New Orleans)

Retail Rates

2024 Formula Rate Plan Filing

In April 2024, Entergy New Orleans submitted to the City Council its formula rate plan 2023 test year filing. Without the requested rate change in 2024, the 2023 test year evaluation report produced an electric earned return on equity of 8.66% and a gas earned return on equity of 5.87% compared to the authorized return on equity for each of 9.35%. Entergy New Orleans sought approval of a $12.6 million rate increase based on the formula set by the City Council in the 2018 rate case and approved again by the City Council in 2023. The formula would result in an increase in authorized electric revenues of $7.0 million and an increase in authorized gas revenues of $5.6 million. Following City Council review, the City Council’s advisors issued a report in July 2024 seeking a reduction in Entergy New Orleans’s requested formula rate plan revenues in an aggregate amount of approximately $1.6 million for electric and gas together due to alleged errors. Effective with the first billing cycle of September 2024, Entergy New Orleans implemented rates reflecting an amount agreed upon by Entergy New Orleans and the City Council, per the approved process for formula rate plan implementation. The total formula rate plan increase implemented was $11.2 million, which includes an increase of $5.8 million in electric revenues and an increase of $5.4 million in gas revenues.

Filings with the PUCT and Texas Cities (Entergy Texas)

Retail Rates

2022 Base Rate Case

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in August 2023 the PUCT issued an order severing issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure in the 2022 base rate case proceeding to a separate proceeding. In December 2023 the PUCT referred the separate proceeding to resolve the issues related to electric vehicle charging infrastructure to the State Office of Administrative Hearings. A hearing on the merits was held in April 2024. In June 2024 the ALJ with the State Office of Administrative Hearings issued a proposal for decision concluding that it is appropriate for a vertically integrated electric utility, and Entergy Texas specifically, to own vehicle-charging facilities or other transportation electrification and charging infrastructure and recommending that both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders be approved. In October 2024 the PUCT issued an order concluding that it is appropriate for Entergy Texas to own transportation electrification and charging infrastructure, including charging stations, and approving both of Entergy Texas’s proposed transportation electrification riders with a limitation that Entergy Texas’s infrastructure rider be applied only to publicly-available charging infrastructure and Entergy Texas not recover any outstanding fees from customers not taking service under the rider.

Distribution Cost Recovery Factor (DCRF) Rider

In June 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new DCRF rider. The new rider was designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $40.3 million annually based on its capital invested in distribution between January 1, 2022 and March 31, 2024. In September 2024, the PUCT approved the DCRF rider, consistent with Entergy Texas’s as-filed request, and rates became effective with the first billing cycle in October 2024.

In September 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to amend its DCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $48.9 million annually, or $8.6 million in incremental annual revenues beyond Entergy Texas’s currently effective DCRF rider based on its capital invested in distribution between April 1, 2024 and June 30, 2024. In October 2024 the PUCT staff filed a recommendation that the PUCT approve Entergy Texas’s as-filed application. A PUCT decision is expected in fourth quarter 2024.

Transmission Cost Recovery Factor (TCRF) Rider

In October 2024, Entergy Texas filed with the PUCT a request to set a new TCRF rider. The proposed rider is designed to collect from Entergy Texas’s retail customers approximately $9.7 million annually based on its capital invested in transmission between January 1, 2022 and June 30, 2024 and changes in other transmission charges. Entergy Texas requested that the PUCT issue a decision in fourth quarter 2024, unless a hearing on the merits is requested.

Entergy Arkansas Opportunity Sales Proceeding

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion of the Entergy Arkansas opportunity sales proceeding. As discussed in the Form 10-K, in September 2020, Entergy Arkansas filed a complaint in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas challenging the APSC’s denial of recovery of $135 million of payments to other Utility operating companies in December 2018 relating to off-system sales of electricity from 2002-2009, as ordered by the FERC. The complaint also involved a challenge to the $13.7 million, plus interest, of related refunds ordered by the APSC and paid by Entergy Arkansas in August 2020. The trial was held in February 2023. Following the trial, Entergy Arkansas filed a motion with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit to expedite the appeal filed by Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc. The United States Court of

Appeals for the Eighth Circuit granted Entergy Arkansas’s request, and oral arguments were held in June 2023. In August 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed the order of the court denying Arkansas Electric Energy Consumers, Inc.’s motion to intervene.

In March 2024 the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas issued a judgment in favor of the APSC and against Entergy Arkansas. In March 2024 Entergy Arkansas filed a notice of appeal and a motion to expedite oral arguments with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit and the court granted the motion to expedite. Briefing to the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit concluded in July 2024 and oral arguments concluded in September 2024. The appeal is pending with the United States Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit. As a result of the adverse decision by the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Arkansas, Entergy Arkansas concluded that it could no longer support the recognition of its $131.8 million regulatory asset reflecting the previously-expected recovery of a portion of the costs at issue in the opportunity sales proceeding and recorded a $131.8 million ($99.1 million net-of-tax) charge to earnings in first quarter 2024.

MSS-4 Replacement Tariff – Net Operating Loss Carryforward Proceeding

In January 2021, pursuant to section 205 of the Federal Power Act, Entergy Services filed an amendment to the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies, in order to provide for the inclusion of specified accumulated deferred income taxes, including net operating loss carryforward accumulated deferred income taxes (NOLC ADIT), in the rate for sales of energy among the Utility operating companies on a prospective basis. In March 2021, the FERC accepted the filing, subject to refund and hearing procedures.

In October 2021 the LPSC filed a complaint with the FERC alleging that Entergy Services improperly excluded NOLC ADIT from MSS-4 replacement tariff rates in the period before March 20, 2021. The LPSC argued that sales from Entergy Louisiana to Entergy Texas and Entergy New Orleans were charged at rates lower than they otherwise should have been, and it accordingly seeks surcharges for the period prior to March 20, 2021. The FERC set the complaint for hearing procedures and subsequently the hearing for this complaint proceeding was consolidated with the hearing procedures for Entergy Services’ January 2021 NOLC ADIT filing.

Testimony was filed by parties in 2023, and the hearing before a FERC ALJ was concluded in February 2024. In June 2024, the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision addressing three major issues: (1) whether Entergy Services’ proposed prospective inclusion and allocation of NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates using a modified with-and-without methodology is just and reasonable; (2) whether Entergy Services correctly calculated excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes in accordance with the terms of a prior settlement; and (3) whether NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates prior to the effective date of the January 2021 MSS-4 replacement tariff filing.

With respect to issues (1) and (2), the presiding ALJ concluded that Entergy Services’ proposed methodology for allocating and including NOLC ADIT in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates was just and reasonable and that Entergy Services correctly performed the excess and deficient accumulated deferred income taxes calculations. With respect to issue (3), however, the presiding ALJ agreed with the LPSC that NOLC ADIT should have been included in MSS-4 replacement tariff rates since September 1, 2016, and as a result, the presiding ALJ ordered that Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Arkansas recalculate bills for the period of September 1, 2016 through November 11, 2023 with surcharges expected to be due to those operating companies from the purchasing operating companies, Entergy New Orleans, Entergy Texas, and Entergy Louisiana (for some Entergy Arkansas sales). The presiding ALJ also ordered Entergy Services to pay the interest owed to Entergy Louisiana on these surcharges.

The surcharge methodology that the presiding ALJ recommended in connection with issue (3) was not supported by any participant in the hearing. As part of their exceptions to the initial decision, all parties to the proceeding opposed the use of the ALJ’s methodology, except for the FERC trial staff, which took no position. During the hearing, the LPSC and the FERC trial staff advocated that the alleged tariff violation should be remedied

by the application of Entergy Services’ January 2021 proposed methodology. All other parties, including the PUCT, the City Council, and Entergy Services, opposed any surcharges for the period prior to the March 20, 2021 effective date of the January 2021 filing.

Entergy Services disputes the presiding ALJ's rulings on issue (3) and filed exceptions to these rulings in July 2024. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order.

Complaints Against System Energy

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for information regarding pending complaints against System Energy. System Energy and the Unit Power Sales Agreement are currently the subject of several litigation proceedings at the FERC (or on appeal from the FERC to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit), including challenges with respect to System Energy’s authorized return on equity and capital structure, renewal of its sale-leaseback arrangement, treatment of uncertain tax positions, a broader investigation of rates under the Unit Power Sales Agreement, and two prudence complaints, one challenging the extended power uprate completed at Grand Gulf in 2012 and the operation and management of Grand Gulf, particularly in the 2016-2020 time period, and the second challenging the operation and management of Grand Gulf in the 2021-2022 time period. Settlements that resolve all significant aspects of these complaints have been reached with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council and approved by the FERC. A settlement has been reached with the LPSC and is pending FERC approval, as described in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC” below. If the settlement with the LPSC is approved by the FERC, it would resolve all significant aspects of these pending complaints. The following are updates to the discussion in the Form 10-K.

Return on Equity and Capital Structure Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in March 2021 the FERC ALJ issued an initial decision in the proceeding initiated by the LPSC, the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council against System Energy regarding the return on equity component of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. With regard to System Energy’s authorized return on equity, the ALJ determined that the existing return on equity of 10.94% is no longer just and reasonable, and that the replacement authorized return on equity, based on application of the FERC’s Opinion No. 569-A methodology, should be 9.32%. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (January 2017-April 2018) based on the difference between the current return on equity and the replacement authorized return on equity. The ALJ determined that the April 2018 complaint concerning the authorized return on equity should be dismissed, and that no refunds for a second fifteen-month refund period should be due. With regard to System Energy’s capital structure, the ALJ determined that System Energy’s actual equity ratio is excessive and that the just and reasonable equity ratio is 48.15% equity, based on the average equity ratio of the proxy group used to evaluate the return on equity for the second complaint. The ALJ further determined that System Energy should pay refunds for a fifteen-month refund period (September 2018-December 2019) based on the difference between the actual equity ratio and the 48.15% equity ratio. If the ALJ’s initial decision is upheld, the estimated refund for this proceeding is approximately $11.6 million, which includes interest through September 30, 2024, and the estimated resulting annual rate reduction would be approximately $6.8 million. As a result of the settlement agreements with the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council, the estimated refund and rate reduction only includes the portion related to Entergy Louisiana, whose settlement with the LPSC is pending FERC approval. See “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K, see “System Energy Settlement with the APSC” below and in the Form 10-K, and see “System Energy Settlement with the City Council” below for discussion of the settlements. The estimated refund will continue to accrue interest until a final FERC decision is issued.

The ALJ initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determinations made in an initial decision are not controlling on the FERC. In April 2021, System Energy filed its brief on exceptions, in which it challenged the initial decision’s findings on both the return on equity and capital structure

issues. Also in April 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed briefs on exceptions. Reply briefs opposing exceptions were filed in May 2021 by System Energy, the FERC trial staff, the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council. Refunds, if any, that might be required will only become due after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

In August 2022 the D.C. Circuit issued an order addressing appeals of FERC’s Opinion No. 569 and 569-A, which established the methodology applied in the ALJ’s initial decision in the proceeding against System Energy discussed above and in the Form 10-K. The appellate order addressed the methodology for determining the return on equity applicable to transmission owners in MISO. The D.C. Circuit found the FERC’s use of the risk premium model as part of the methodology to be arbitrary and capricious and remanded the case back to the FERC. In October 2024 the FERC issued a remand order in the MISO transmission owners’ case, concluding that the record supported the methodology that it originally directed in Opinion No. 569 utilizing an equal weighting of the two-step discounted cash flow model and capital asset pricing model. As a result, it determined that the just and reasonable return on equity for the MISO transmission owners is 9.98%. In light of the System Energy settlements described below, the FERC’s changes to its return on equity methodology in the decision on the MISO transmission owners’ return on equity will not have any immediate effect on System Energy’s return on equity because System Energy’s return on equity is locked-in through the end of June 2026.

Grand Gulf Sale-leaseback Renewal Complaint and Uncertain Tax Position Rate Base Issue

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2018 the LPSC filed a complaint against System Energy and Entergy Services related to System Energy’s renewal of a sale-leaseback transaction originally entered into in December 1988 for an 11.5% undivided interest in Grand Gulf Unit 1. The APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council subsequently intervened in the proceeding. A hearing was held before a FERC ALJ in November 2019. In April 2020 the ALJ issued the initial decision, and in December 2022 the FERC issued an order on the ALJ’s initial decision, which affirmed it in part and modified it in part. The FERC’s order directed System Energy to calculate refunds on three issues, and to provide a compliance report detailing the calculations. The FERC’s order also disallows the future recovery of sale-leaseback renewal costs, which is estimated at approximately $11.5 million annually for purchases from Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans through July 2036. The three refund issues are rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements; refunds, if any, for the revenue requirement impact of including accumulated deferred income taxes resulting from the decommissioning uncertain tax positions from 2004 through the present; and refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions attributable to the portion of plant subject to the sale-leaseback.

In January 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC. With respect to the sale-leaseback renewal costs, System Energy calculated a refund of $89.8 million, which represented all of the sale-leaseback renewal rental costs that System Energy recovered in rates, with interest. With respect to the decommissioning uncertain tax position issue, System Energy calculated that no additional refunds are owed because it had already provided a one-time historical credit (for the period January 2016 through September 2020) of $25.2 million based on the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position, and because it has been providing an ongoing rate base credit for the accumulated deferred income taxes that resulted from the IRS’s partial acceptance of the decommissioning tax position since October 2020. With respect to the depreciation refund, System Energy calculated a refund of $13.7 million, which is the net total of a refund to customers for excess depreciation expense previously collected, plus interest, offset by the additional return on rate base that System Energy previously did not collect, without interest.

In January 2023, System Energy filed a request for rehearing of the FERC’s determinations in the December 2022 order on sale-leaseback refund issues and future lease cost disallowances, the FERC’s prospective policy on uncertain tax positions, and the proper accounting of System Energy’s accumulated deferred income taxes adjustment for the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017; and a motion for confirmation of its interpretation of the December 2022 order’s remedy concerning the decommissioning tax position. In January 2023 the retail regulators

filed a motion for confirmation of their interpretation of the refund requirement in the December 2022 FERC order and a provisional request for rehearing. In February 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing requests have been deemed denied by operation of law. The deemed denial of the rehearing request initiated a sixty-day period in which aggrieved parties could petition for federal appellate court review of the underlying FERC orders; however, the FERC may issue a substantive order on rehearing as long as it continues to have jurisdiction over the case. In March 2023, System Energy filed in the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the December 2022 order. In March 2023, System Energy also filed an unopposed motion to stay the proceeding in the Fifth Circuit pending the FERC’s disposition of the pending motions, and the court granted the motion to stay.

In August 2023 the FERC issued an order addressing arguments raised on rehearing and partially setting aside the prior order (rehearing order). The rehearing order addresses rehearing requests that were filed in January 2023 separately by System Energy and the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council.

In the rehearing order, the FERC directs System Energy to recalculate refunds for two issues: (1) refunds of rental expenses related to the renewal of the sale-leaseback arrangements and (2) refunds for the net effect of correcting the depreciation inputs for capital additions associated with the sale-leaseback. With regard to the sale-leaseback renewal rental expenses, the rehearing order allows System Energy to recover an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback as of the expiration of the initial lease term. With regard to the depreciation input issue, the rehearing order allows System Energy to offset refunds so that System Energy may collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. The rehearing order further directs System Energy to submit within 60 days of the date of the rehearing order an additional compliance filing to revise the total refunds for these two issues. As discussed above, System Energy’s January 2023 compliance filing calculated $103.5 million in total refunds, and the refunds were paid in January 2023. In October 2023, System Energy filed its compliance report with the FERC as directed in the August 2023 rehearing order. The October 2023 compliance report reflected recalculated refunds totaling $35.7 million for the two issues resulting in $67.8 million in refunds that could be recouped by System Energy. As discussed below in “System Energy Settlement with the APSC,” System Energy reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to resolve several pending cases under the FERC’s jurisdiction, including this one, pursuant to which it has agreed not to recoup the $27.3 million calculated for Entergy Arkansas in the compliance filing. Consistent with the compliance filing, in October 2023, Entergy Louisiana and Entergy New Orleans paid recoupment amounts of $18.2 million and $22.3 million, respectively, to System Energy.

On the third refund issue identified in the rehearing requests, concerning the decommissioning uncertain tax positions, the rehearing order denied all rehearing requests, re-affirmed the remedy contained in the December 2022 order, and did not direct System Energy to recalculate refunds or to submit an additional compliance filing. On this issue, as reflected in its January 2023 compliance filing, System Energy believes it has already paid the refunds due under the remedy that the FERC outlined for the uncertain tax positions issue in its December 2022 order. In August 2023 the LPSC issued a media release in which it stated that it disagrees with System Energy’s determination that the rehearing order requires no further refunds to be made on this issue.

In September 2023, System Energy filed a protective appeal of the rehearing order with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit. The appeal was consolidated with System Energy’s prior appeal of the December 2022 order.

In September 2023 the LPSC filed with the FERC a request for rehearing and clarification of the rehearing order. The LPSC requests that the FERC reverse its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may collect an implied return of and on the depreciated cost of the portion of the plant subject to the sale-leaseback, as of the expiration of the initial lease term, as well as its determination in the rehearing order that System Energy may offset the refunds for the depreciation rate input issue and collect interest on the rate base recalculations that were part of the overall depreciation rate recalculations. In addition, the LPSC requests that the FERC either confirm the LPSC’s interpretation of the refund associated with the decommissioning uncertain tax positions or explain why it is not doing so. In October 2023 the FERC issued a notice that the rehearing request has been deemed denied by

operation of law. In November 2023 the FERC issued a further notice stating that it would not issue any further order addressing the rehearing request. Also in November 2023 the LPSC filed with the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit a petition for review of the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order and denials of the September 2023 rehearing request.

In December 2023 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit lifted the abeyance on the consolidated System Energy appeals, and it also consolidated the LPSC’s appeal with the System Energy appeals. In March 2024, separate petition briefs were filed by System Energy and by the LPSC. Also in March 2024, the City Council filed an intervenor brief supporting the LPSC. In June 2024 counsel for the FERC filed the respondent’s brief, arguing that the FERC’s August 2023 rehearing order concerning the sale-leaseback and depreciation rate remedy issues should be affirmed and arguing that the dispute over the uncertain tax position issue is not yet ripe. In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC each filed separate reply briefs. In September 2024 the parties filed a joint motion to continue and stay oral argument, previously scheduled for October 2024, pending the FERC’s decision whether to approve the settlement between System Energy and the LPSC, and the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit granted the motion.

LPSC Additional Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in May 2020 the LPSC authorized its staff to file additional complaints at the FERC related to the rates charged by System Energy for Grand Gulf energy and capacity supplied to Entergy Louisiana under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The following are updates to that discussion.

Unit Power Sales Agreement Complaint

As discussed in the Form 10-K, the first of the additional complaints was filed by the LPSC, the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council in September 2020. The first complaint raises two sets of rate allegations: violations of the filed rate and a corresponding request for refunds for prior periods; and elements of the Unit Power Sales Agreement are unjust and unreasonable and a corresponding request for refunds for the 15-month refund period and changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement prospectively. In May 2021 the FERC issued an order addressing the complaint, establishing a refund effective date of September 21, 2020, establishing hearing procedures, and holding those procedures in abeyance pending the FERC’s review of the initial decision in the Grand Gulf sale-leaseback renewal complaint discussed above.

In November 2021 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed direct testimony and requested the FERC to order refunds for prior periods and prospective amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement. System Energy filed answering testimony in January 2022. In March 2022 the FERC trial staff filed direct and answering testimony recommending refunds and prospective modifications to the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In April 2022, System Energy filed cross-answering testimony in response to the FERC trial staff’s recommendations. In June 2022 the FERC trial staff submitted revised answering testimony, in which it recommended additional refunds associated with the accumulated deferred income tax balances in account 190. Also in June 2022, System Energy filed revised and supplemental cross-answering testimony to respond to the FERC trial staff’s testimony and oppose its revised recommendation.

In May 2022 the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council filed rebuttal testimony and asserted new claims. In June 2022 a new procedural schedule was adopted, providing for additional rounds of testimony and for the hearing to begin in September 2022. The hearing concluded in December 2022. Also in December 2022, a motion to extend the briefing schedule and the May 2023 deadline for the initial decision was granted.

In November 2022, System Energy filed a partial settlement agreement with the APSC, the City Council, and the LPSC that resolved the following issues raised in the Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint: advance collection of lease payments, aircraft costs, executive incentive compensation, money pool borrowings, advertising

expenses, deferred nuclear refueling outage costs, industry association dues, and termination of the capital funds agreement. The settlement provided that System Energy would provide a black box refund of $18 million (inclusive of interest), plus additional refund amounts with interest to be calculated for certain issues to be distributed to Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans as the Utility operating companies other than Entergy Mississippi purchasing under the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement further provided that if the APSC, the City Council, or the LPSC agrees to the global settlement System Energy entered into with the MPSC (see “System Energy Settlement with the MPSC” in the Form 10-K for discussion of the settlement), and such global settlement includes a black box refund amount, then the black box refund for this settlement agreement shall not be incremental or in addition to the global black box refund amount. The settlement agreement addressed other matters as well, including adjustments to rate base beginning in October 2022, exclusion of certain other costs, and inclusion of money pool borrowings, if any, in short-term debt within the cost of capital calculation used in the Unit Power Sales Agreement. In April 2023 the FERC approved the settlement agreement. The refund provided for in the settlement agreement was included in the May 2023 service month bills under the Unit Power Sales Agreement.

In May 2023 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision finding that System Energy should have excluded multiple identified categories of accumulated deferred income taxes from rate base when calculating Unit Power Sales Agreement bills. Based on this finding, the initial decision recommended refunds; System Energy estimates that those refunds for Entergy Louisiana would total approximately $31.5 million plus $45.6 million of interest through September 30, 2024. The initial decision also finds that the Unit Power Sales Agreement should be modified such that a cash working capital allowance of negative $36.4 million is applied prospectively. If the FERC ultimately orders these modifications to cash working capital be implemented, the estimated annual revenue requirement impact is expected to be immaterial. On the other non-settled issues for which the complainants sought refunds or changes to the Unit Power Sales Agreement, the initial decision ruled against the complainants.

The initial decision is an interim step in the FERC litigation process, and an ALJ’s determination made in an initial decision is not controlling on the FERC. System Energy disagrees with the ALJ’s findings concerning the accumulated deferred income taxes issues and cash working capital. In July 2023, System Energy filed a brief on exceptions to the initial decision’s accumulated deferred income taxes findings. Also in July 2023, the APSC, the LPSC, the City Council, and the FERC trial staff filed separate briefs on exceptions. The APSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool interest and retained earnings issues. The LPSC’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations regarding the sale-leaseback transaction costs, legal fees, and retained earnings issues. The City Council’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the money pool and cash management issues. The FERC trial staff’s brief on exceptions challenges the ALJ’s determinations on the cash working capital issue as well as certain of the accumulated deferred income taxes issues. In August 2023 all parties filed separate briefs opposing exceptions. System Energy filed a brief opposing the exceptions of the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council filed separate briefs opposing the exceptions raised by System Energy and the FERC trial staff. The FERC trial staff filed its own brief opposing certain exceptions raised by System Energy, the APSC, the LPSC, and the City Council. The case is now pending a decision by the FERC. Refunds, if any, that might be required will become due only after the FERC issues its order reviewing the initial decision.

LPSC Petition for a Writ of Mandamus

In March 2024 the LPSC filed a petition for a writ of mandamus, requesting that the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit direct the FERC to take action on (1) System Energy’s pending compliance filings (and the LPSC’s protests) in response to the FERC’s orders on the uncertain tax position rate base issue, as discussed above; and (2) the ALJ’s pending initial decision in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding, also as discussed above. System Energy filed a notice of intervention in the proceeding.

In March 2024 the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit directed the FERC to respond to the LPSC’s petition. Also in March 2024, System Energy filed its response to the LPSC’s petition, in which it opposed the LPSC’s mandamus request on the compliance filing and took no position on the request for action on the return

on equity and capital structure case. Later in March 2024, the FERC responded opposing both parts of the LPSC’s petition, and the LPSC filed an opposed motion for leave to answer and its answer to the FERC’s and System Energy’s responses. In July 2024 the Fifth Circuit held oral argument on the petition. During oral argument, the FERC’s counsel represented that the FERC intends to issue an order in the return on equity and capital structure proceeding by the end of the year. Later in July 2024 the Fifth Circuit issued an order denying the LPSC’s petition.

System Energy Settlement with the APSC

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2023, System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the APSC to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. System Energy, Entergy Arkansas, additional Entergy parties, and the APSC filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC in November 2023. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans. System Energy previously settled with the MPSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the APSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and provide for Entergy Arkansas to receive a black box refund of $142 million from System Energy, inclusive of $49.5 million already received by Entergy Arkansas from System Energy.

In addition to the black box refund of $142 million described above, beginning with the November 2023 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Arkansas’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In December 2023 the FERC trial staff and the LPSC filed comments. The FERC trial staff commented that it “believes that the settlement is fair, and in the public interest,” and neither it nor the LPSC oppose the settlement. In December 2023 the remaining black box refund to Entergy Arkansas was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. In March 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $92 million to Entergy Arkansas in May 2024.

System Energy Settlement with the City Council

In April 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, and additional named Entergy parties involved in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC reached a settlement in principle with the City Council to globally resolve all of their actual and potential claims in those dockets and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In May 2024, System Energy, Entergy New Orleans, additional named Entergy parties, and the City Council filed the settlement agreement and supporting materials with the FERC. The Unit Power Sales Agreement is a FERC-jurisdictional formula rate tariff for sales of energy and capacity from System Energy’s owned and leased share of Grand Gulf to Entergy Mississippi, Entergy Arkansas, Entergy Louisiana, and Entergy New Orleans.

The terms of the settlement with the City Council align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022 and between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023. The settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans to receive a

black box refund of $116 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $18 million already received by Entergy New Orleans from System Energy. In March 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $116 million described above, beginning with the June 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy New Orleans’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

In August 2024 the FERC approved the settlement “because it appears to be fair and reasonable and in the public interest.” System Energy paid the remaining black box refund of $98 million to Entergy New Orleans in October 2024. As discussed above and in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, System Energy previously settled with the MPSC and the APSC with respect to these complaints before the FERC. The settlements with the APSC, the MPSC, and the City Council represent almost 85% of System Energy’s share of the output of Grand Gulf.

System Energy Settlement with the LPSC

In July 2024, System Energy and the LPSC staff reached a settlement in principle to globally resolve all of the LPSC’s actual and potential claims in multiple docketed proceedings pending before the FERC (including all docketed proceedings resolved by the MPSC, the APSC, and the City Council settlements) and with System Energy’s past implementation of the Unit Power Sales Agreement. The settlement also covers the amended and supplemental complaint, discussed in “Grand Gulf Prudence Complaint” in the Form 10-K, filed by the LPSC, the APSC, and the City Council at the FERC in October 2023. In August 2024 the LPSC approved the settlement. In September 2024 the settling parties filed the settlement for approval by the FERC.

The terms of the settlement with the LPSC align with the $588 million global black box settlement amount reflected in the prior settlements reached between System Energy and the MPSC in June 2022, between System Energy and the APSC in November 2023, and between System Energy and the City Council in April 2024. The settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana to receive a black box refund of $95 million from System Energy, inclusive of approximately $15 million already received by Entergy Louisiana from System Energy. In June 2024 the remaining $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from long-term other regulatory liabilities to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

In addition to the black box refund of $95 million described above, beginning with the September 2024 service month, the settlement provides for Entergy Louisiana’s bills from System Energy to be adjusted to reflect an authorized rate of return on equity of 9.65% and a capital structure not to exceed 52% equity.

The settlement also includes an agreement that, subject to the receipt of necessary regulatory approvals, Entergy Louisiana will divest to Entergy Mississippi all of its interest in Grand Gulf capacity and energy under the Unit Power Sales Agreement and its purchases from Entergy Arkansas under the MSS-4 replacement tariff. Subject to the receipt of all required regulatory approvals, divestiture will be effective on January 1, 2025. In October 2024 Entergy Louisiana and Entergy Mississippi filed with the FERC a power purchase agreement under which Entergy Mississippi would purchase Entergy Louisiana’s purchases of Grand Gulf capacity and energy. The power purchase agreement is governed by the MSS-4 replacement tariff, a tariff governing the sales of energy and capacity among the Utility operating companies. The parties requested that the FERC issue an order accepting the power purchase agreement no later than December 2024.

System Energy Regulatory Liability for Pending Complaints

As discussed in the Form 10-K, System Energy had recorded a regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy, which was consistent with the settlement agreements reached with the MPSC and the

APSC, taking into account amounts already or expected to be refunded. System Energy’s remaining regulatory liability related to complaints against System Energy as of December 31, 2023 was $178 million. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the City Council,” in first quarter 2024 the $98 million black box refund to Entergy New Orleans was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet. As discussed above in “System Energy Settlement with the LPSC,” in second quarter 2024 the $80 million black box refund to Entergy Louisiana was reclassified from the regulatory liability to accounts payable - associated companies on System Energy’s balance sheet.

Unit Power Sales Agreement

System Energy Formula Rate Annual Protocols Formal Challenge Concerning 2022 Calendar Year Bills

In February 2024, pursuant to the protocols procedures discussed in Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K, the LPSC and the City Council filed with the FERC a formal challenge to System Energy’s implementation of the formula rate during calendar year 2022. The formal challenge alleges: (1) that the equity ratio charged in rates was excessive; and (2) that all issues in the pending Unit Power Sales Agreement complaint proceeding should also be reflected in calendar year 2022 bills. These allegations are identical to issues that were raised in the formal challenge to the calendar year 2020 and 2021 bills.

In March 2024, System Energy filed an answer to the formal challenge in which it requested that the FERC deny the formal challenge as a matter of law, or else hold the proceeding in abeyance pending the resolution of related dockets.

Pension Costs Amendment Proceeding

As discussed in the Form 10-K, in October 2021, System Energy submitted to the FERC proposed amendments to the Unit Power Sales Agreement to include in the rate base the prepaid and accrued pension costs associated with System Energy’s qualified pension plans. Based on data ending in 2020, the increased annual revenue requirement associated with the filing is approximately $8.9 million. In March 2022 the FERC accepted System Energy’s proposed amendments with an effective date of December 1, 2021, subject to refund pending the outcome of the settlement and/or hearing procedures. In August 2023 the FERC chief ALJ terminated settlement procedures and designated a presiding ALJ to oversee hearing procedures. In October 2023, System Energy filed direct testimony in support of its proposed amendments. Under the procedural schedule, testimony was filed through April 2024, and the hearing occurred in late May and early June 2024.

In September 2024 the presiding ALJ issued an initial decision recommending that the FERC approve inclusion of a line item for prepaid and accrued pension costs; however, the presiding ALJ did not agree with System Energy’s proposed methodology to calculate the value of the prepaid and accrued pension cost input. Instead, the presiding ALJ recommended limiting System Energy’s recovery to the prepaid and accrued pension costs that were incurred beginning in 2015 and later.

System Energy disputes the presiding ALJ's determination concerning the methodology used to calculate the prepaid and accrued pension input, and System Energy filed exceptions to these rulings in October 2024. If the ALJ’s determination is affirmed by the FERC, System Energy estimates refunds, including interest through September 30, 2024, of approximately $15 million to $19 million would be owed related to the ALJ’s findings. The ALJ's initial decision is not binding on the FERC and is an interim step in the hearing process. No refunds will be owed in connection with this proceeding and no changes to System Energy’s pension cost recovery methodology will be implemented unless and until the FERC requires them in a final order. This proceeding is not covered by the global settlements described above.

Storm Cost Recovery Filings with Retail Regulators

See Note 2 to the financial statements in the Form 10-K for discussion regarding storm cost recovery filings. The following is an update to that discussion.

Entergy Mississippi

As discussed in the Form 10-K, Entergy Mississippi had approval from the MPSC to collect a storm damage provision of $1.75 million per month. If Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeded $15 million, the collection of the storm damage provision ceased until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision became less than $10 million.

In December 2023, Entergy Mississippi filed a Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement and Request for Interim Relief notifying the MPSC that Entergy Mississippi had requested disbursement of approximately $34.5 million of storm escrow funds from its restricted storm escrow account. The filing also requested authorization from the MPSC, on a temporary basis, that the $34.5 million of storm escrow funds be credited to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage provision, pending the MPSC’s review of Entergy Mississippi’s storm-related costs, and that Entergy Mississippi continue to bill its monthly storm damage provision without suspension in the event the storm damage provision balance exceeds $15 million, in anticipation of a subsequent filing by Entergy Mississippi in this proceeding. The storm damage reserve exceeded $15 million upon receipt of the storm escrow funds. Because the MPSC had not entered an order on Entergy Mississippi’s filing on the requested relief to continue billing this provision, Entergy Mississippi suspended billing the monthly storm damage provision effective with February 2024 bills.

In March 2024, Entergy Mississippi made a combined dual filing which included a Notice of Intent to Make Routine Change in Rates and Schedules and a Motion for Determination relating to the above-described Notice of Storm Escrow Disbursement. The Notice of Intent proposed a new storm damage mitigation and restoration rider to supersede both the current storm damage rate schedule and the vegetation management rider schedule, in which the collection of both expenses would be combined. The proposal requests that the MPSC authorize Entergy Mississippi to collect a storm damage provision of $5.2 million per month. Furthermore, if Entergy Mississippi’s accumulated storm damage provision balance exceeds $70 million, collection of the storm damage provision would cease until such time that the accumulated storm damage provision becomes less than $60 million.

The Mississippi Public Utilities Staff reviewed the storm-related costs submitted by Entergy Mississippi and found them prudent. In June 2024 the MPSC considered and unanimously granted the relief sought by Entergy Mississippi, including authorization to credit any remaining funds in the storm escrow account to Entergy Mississippi’s storm damage reserve and to close the storm escrow account. Entergy Mississippi’s storm escrow account was liquidated in July 2024, and the new combined storm damage mitigation and restoration rider became effective with the July 2024 billing cycle. Additionally, Entergy Mississippi made a compliance filing to cease billing under the existing vegetation management rider schedule as of the same billing cycle.