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Derivatives (Tables)
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of Gains (Loss) on Derivative Instruments Designated as Hedges
The amount of pretax gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivative instruments designated as cash flow hedges is provided in the following table.
Pretax gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) on derivatives
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
(Millions)2025202420252024
Foreign currency forward/option contracts $23 $(70)$(82)$14 
Schedule of Gain (loss) on Derivative Instruments Designated as Fair Value Hedges
The following amounts were recorded on the consolidated balance sheet related to cumulative basis adjustments for active fair value hedges, as well as remaining amounts for discontinued fair value hedges:
Carrying value of the hedged (and formerly hedged) liabilitiesCumulative amount of fair value hedging adjustment included in carrying value of hedged liabilities for
Location on the consolidated balance sheet (millions)Active hedgesDiscontinued hedges
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024September 30, 2025December 31, 2024September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Long-term debt$956$924$(24)$(81)$(23)$2
Schedule of Gain (Loss) on Derivative and Non-Derivative Instruments Designated as Net Investment Hedges The amount of pre-tax gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) related to derivative and non-derivative instruments designated as net investment hedges are as follows.
Pretax gain (loss) recognized as cumulative translation within other comprehensive income (loss)
Three months ended
September 30,		Nine months ended
September 30,
(Millions)2025202420252024
Foreign currency denominated debt $— $(77)$(229)$(21)
Foreign currency forward/option contracts and cross-currency swaps8 (6)(149)(1)
Total $8 $(83)$(378)$(22)
Schedule of Location in Consolidated Statement of Income and Pre-Tax Amounts Recognized in Income Related to Derivative Instruments Designated in Cash Flow or Fair Value Hedging Relationship
Location on Statement of Income and Impact of Cash Flow and Fair Value Derivative Instruments and Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments:
Location and amount of gain (loss) recognized in income
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
Cost of salesOther expense (income), netCost of salesOther expense (income), net
(Millions)20252024202520242025202420252024
Total consolidated financial statement line item amount$3,792 $3,647 $300 $(405)$10,916 $10,703 $378 $(323)
Pre-tax amounts recognized in income related to derivative instruments
Information regarding cash flow and fair value hedging relationships:
(Gain) or loss on cash flow hedging relationships:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts:
Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income*
2 (23)— — (39)(84)— — 
Interest rate contracts:
Amount of (gain) or loss reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) into income— — 2 2 — — 6 6 
(Gain) or loss on fair value hedging relationships:
Interest rate contracts:
Hedged items— — 32 29 — — 57 20 
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments— — (32)(29)— — (57)(20)
Information regarding derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
(Gain) or loss on derivatives not designated as hedging instruments:
Foreign currency forward/option contracts 2 — 6 (13)(47)7 (93)(7)
*For periods prior to the April 1, 2024 separation of Solventum, these include certain insignificant amounts attributable to discontinued operations.
Schedule of Location and Fair Value of Derivative Instruments The following tables summarize the fair value of 3M’s derivative instruments, excluding non-derivative instruments used as hedging instruments, and their location in the consolidated balance sheet. Notional amounts below are presented at period end foreign exchange rates, except for certain interest rate swaps and foreign currency forward/option contracts, which are presented using the foreign exchange rate at inception.
Gross notional Amount
AssetsLiabilities
 (Millions)Location
Fair value amount
Location
Fair value amount
September 30, 2025December 31, 2024September 30, 2025December 31, 2024September 30, 2025December 31, 2024
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts
$1,858 $1,382 Other current assets$19 $61 Other current liabilities$32 $6 
Foreign currency forward/option contracts and cross-currency swaps6,206 4,746 Other assets123 78 Other liabilities267 65 
Interest rate contracts 400 800 Other assets— — Other liabilities23 81 
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments 142 139 322 152 
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments
Foreign currency forward/option contracts 2,416 2,217 Other current assets3 3 Other current liabilities16 13 
Foreign currency forward/option contracts 1 — 
Other assets
— — 
Other liabilities
— — 
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments 3 3 16 13 
Total derivative instruments$145 $142 $338 $165 
Schedule of Offsetting Assets
Offsetting of Financial Assets under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
(Millions)Gross Amount of Derivative Assets Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting Recognized Derivative LiabilitiesNet Amount of Derivative Assets
September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024		September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024		September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements14514213964678
Schedule of Offsetting Liabilities
Offsetting of Financial Liabilities under Master Netting Agreements with Derivative Counterparties
(Millions)Gross Amount of Derivative Liabilities Presented in the Consolidated Balance SheetGross Amount of Eligible Offsetting Recognized Derivative AssetsNet Amount of Derivative Liabilities
September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024		September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024		September 30,
2025		December 31,
2024
Derivatives subject to master netting agreements33816513964199101
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate
The effective tax rates were as follows:
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended September 30,
(Percent of pre-tax income)2025202420252024
Effective tax rate 26.8 %20.3 %23.7 %19.0 %
3M estimates that year-on-year foreign currency transaction effects, including hedging impacts, approximately impacted pre-tax income as follows:
Three months ended September 30,Nine months ended
September 30,
(Millions)2025202420252024
Year-on-year foreign currency transaction effects on pre-tax income $(30)$(21)$(55)$(40)