Earnings Per Share - Schedule of Earnings (Loss) Per Share Computations (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2025	Jun. 30, 2024
Numerator:
Net income from continuing operations attributable to 3M	$ 723	$ 1,204	$ 1,839	$ 1,909
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes	0	(59)	0	164
Net income attributable to 3M	$ 723	$ 1,145	$ 1,839	$ 2,073
Denominator:
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	537.4	553.8	540.6	554.4
Dilution associated with stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	3.2	1.0	3.6	0.9
Weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	540.6	554.8	544.2	555.3
Earnings per share attributable to 3M common shareholders:
Earnings per share from continuing operations — basic (in dollars per share)	$ 1.35	$ 2.17	$ 3.40	$ 3.44
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations — basic (in dollars per share)	0	(0.10)	0	0.30
Earnings per share — basic (in dollars per share)	1.35	2.07	3.40	3.74
Earnings per share from continuing operations — diluted (in dollars per share)	1.34	2.17	3.38	3.44
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations — diluted (in dollars per share)	0	(0.10)	0	0.29
Earnings per share — diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 1.34	$ 2.07	$ 3.38	$ 3.73