Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Information - AOCI Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		9 Months Ended
	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023	Sep. 30, 2024	Sep. 30, 2023
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 3,988	$ 7,857	$ 4,868	$ 14,770
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	342	(294)	969	(53)
Solventum spin-off	4		(2,165)
Balance at the end of the period	4,694	4,731	4,694	4,731
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(5,567)	(6,433)	(6,778)	(6,673)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	261	(274)	229	(88)
Amounts reclassified out	42	27	1,025	114
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	303	(247)	1,254	26
Tax effect	40	(46)	(284)	(79)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	343	(293)	970	(53)
Solventum spin-off	0		584
Balance at the end of the period	(5,224)	(6,726)	(5,224)	(6,726)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(2,795)	(2,688)	(2,506)	(2,828)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	331	(340)	(70)	(232)
Amounts reclassified out	0	0	68	39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	331	(340)	(2)	(193)
Tax effect	38	(24)	18	(31)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	369	(364)	16	(224)
Solventum spin-off			64
Balance at the end of the period	(2,426)	(3,052)	(2,426)	(3,052)
Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(2,737)	(3,737)	(4,218)	(3,838)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	0	0	285	0
Amounts reclassified out	63	65	1,035	194
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	63	65	1,320	194
Tax effect	(15)	(15)	(311)	(43)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	48	50	1,009	151
Solventum spin-off			520
Balance at the end of the period	(2,689)	(3,687)	(2,689)	(3,687)
Cash Flow Hedging Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(35)	(8)	(54)	(7)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	(70)	66	14	144
Amounts reclassified out	(21)	(38)	(78)	(119)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(91)	28	(64)	25
Tax effect	17	(7)	9	(5)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(74)	21	(55)	20
Solventum spin-off			0
Balance at the end of the period	$ (109)	$ 13	$ (109)	$ 13