Earnings (Loss) Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Millions, $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Options outstanding not included in computation of diluted earnings per share (in shares)	33.1	36.9	32.9	36.5
Numerator:
Net income (loss) from continuing operations attributable to 3M	$ 1,204	$ (7,171)	$ 1,909	$ (6,509)
Net income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of taxes	(59)	330	164	644
Net income (loss) attributable to 3M	$ 1,145	$ (6,841)	$ 2,073	$ (5,865)
Denominator:
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding - basic (in shares)	553.8	553.9	554.4	553.3
Dilution associated with stock-based compensation plans (in shares)	1.0	0.0	0.9	0.0
Denominator for weighted average 3M common shares outstanding – diluted (in shares)	554.8	553.9	555.3	553.3
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations — basic (in dollars per share)	$ 2.17	$ (12.94)	$ 3.44	$ (11.76)
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations — basic (in dollars per share)	(0.10)	0.59	0.30	1.16
Earnings (loss) per share — basic (in dollars per share)	2.07	(12.35)	3.74	(10.60)
Earnings (loss) per share from continuing operations — diluted (in dollars per share)	2.17	(12.94)	3.44	(11.76)
Earnings (loss) per share from discontinued operations — diluted (in dollars per share)	(0.10)	0.59	0.29	1.16
Earnings (loss) per share — diluted (in dollars per share)	$ 2.07	$ (12.35)	$ 3.73	$ (10.60)