Supplemental Equity and Comprehensive Income (Loss) Information - AOCI Rollforward (Details) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023	Jun. 30, 2024	Jun. 30, 2023
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	$ 4,933	$ 15,351	$ 4,868	$ 14,770
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	674	98	627	241
Solventum spin-off	(2,169)		(2,169)
Balance at the end of the period	3,988	7,857	3,988	7,857
Total Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(6,826)	(6,530)	(6,778)	(6,673)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	93	75	(32)	186
Amounts reclassified out	857	64	983	87
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	950	139	951	273
Tax effect	(275)	(42)	(324)	(33)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	675	97	627	240
Solventum spin-off	584		584
Balance at the end of the period	(5,567)	(6,433)	(5,567)	(6,433)
Cumulative Translation Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(2,715)	(2,712)	(2,506)	(2,828)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	(148)	3	(401)	108
Amounts reclassified out	11	39	68	39
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(137)	42	(333)	147
Tax effect	(7)	(18)	(20)	(7)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(144)	24	(353)	140
Solventum spin-off	64		64
Balance at the end of the period	(2,795)	(2,688)	(2,795)	(2,688)
Defined Benefit Pension and Postretirement Plans Adjustment
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(4,083)	(3,787)	(4,218)	(3,838)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	218	0	285	0
Amounts reclassified out	876	65	972	129
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	1,094	65	1,257	129
Tax effect	(268)	(15)	(296)	(28)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	826	50	961	101
Solventum spin-off	520		520
Balance at the end of the period	(2,737)	(3,737)	(2,737)	(3,737)
Cash Flow Hedging Instruments, Unrealized Gain (Loss)
AOCI Attributable to 3M, Net of Tax Roll Forward
Balance at the beginning of the period	(28)	(31)	(54)	(7)
Other comprehensive income (loss), before tax:
Amounts before reclassifications	23	72	84	78
Amounts reclassified out	(30)	(40)	(57)	(81)
Total other comprehensive income (loss), before tax	(7)	32	27	(3)
Tax effect	0	(9)	(8)	2
Total other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax	(7)	23	19	(1)
Solventum spin-off	0		0
Balance at the end of the period	$ (35)	$ (8)	$ (35)	$ (8)