EX-13 11 a11-31657_3ex13.htm EX-13

Exhibit 13

 

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

 

The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements that are included in this Annual Report.

 

Overview of Our Business

 

CVS Caremark Corporation (“CVS Caremark”, the “Company”, “we” or “us”), together with its subsidiaries is the largest pharmacy health care provider in the United States. We are uniquely positioned to deliver significant benefits to health plan sponsors through effective cost management solutions and innovative programs that engage plan members and promote healthier and more cost-effective behaviors. Our integrated pharmacy services model enhances our ability to offer plan members and consumers expanded choice, greater access and more personalized services to help them on their path to better health. We effectively manage pharmaceutical costs and improve health care outcomes through our pharmacy benefit management, mail order and specialty pharmacy division, CVS Caremark® Pharmacy Services (“Caremark”); our approximately 7,300 CVS/pharmacy® retail stores; our retail-based health clinic subsidiary, MinuteClinic®; and our online retail pharmacy, CVS.com®. The Company has three business segments: Pharmacy Services, Retail Pharmacy and Corporate.

 

Overview of Our Pharmacy Services Segment

 

Our Pharmacy Services business provides a full range of pharmacy benefit management (“PBM”) services, including plan design and administration, formulary management, discounted drug purchase arrangements, Medicare Part D services, mail order and specialty pharmacy services, retail pharmacy network management services, prescription management systems, clinical services, disease management services and pharmacogenomics.

 

Our clients are primarily employers, insurance companies, unions, government employee groups, managed care organizations and other sponsors of health benefit plans and individuals throughout the United States.

 

As a pharmacy benefits manager, we manage the dispensing of pharmaceuticals through our mail order pharmacies and national network of approximately 65,000 retail pharmacies (which include our CVS/pharmacy stores) to eligible members in the benefit plans maintained by our clients and utilize our information systems to perform, among other things, safety checks, drug interaction screenings and brand to generic substitutions.

 

Our specialty pharmacies support individuals that require complex and expensive drug therapies. Our specialty pharmacy business includes mail order and retail specialty pharmacies that operate under the CVS Caremark® and CarePlus CVS/pharmacy® names. Substantially all of our mail service specialty pharmacies have been accredited by The Joint Commission.

 

We also provide health management programs, which include integrated disease management for 28 conditions, through our strategic alliance with Alere, L.L.C. and our Accordant® health management offering. The majority of these integrated programs are accredited by the National Committee for Quality Assurance.

 

In addition, through our SilverScript Insurance Company (“SilverScript”), Accendo Insurance Company (“Accendo”) and Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company (“Pennsylvania Life”) subsidiaries, we are a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program. The Company acquired Accendo as part of the acquisition of Longs Drug Store Corporation in 2008 (the “Longs Acquisition”), and on April 29, 2011, we acquired Pennsylvania Life in our acquisition of the Medicare prescription drug business of Universal American Corp. (the “UAM Medicare Part D Business”) for approximately $1.3 billion. The UAM Medicare Part D Business offers prescription drug plan benefits to Medicare beneficiaries throughout the United States through its Community CCRxsm prescription drug plan. We currently provide Medicare Part D plan benefits to approximately 3.6 million beneficiaries through the above mentioned insurance companies.

 

Our Pharmacy Services segment generates net revenues primarily by contracting with clients to provide prescription drugs to plan members. Prescription drugs are dispensed by our mail order pharmacies, specialty pharmacies and national network of retail pharmacies. Net revenues are also generated by providing additional services to clients, including administrative services such as claims processing and formulary management, as well as health care-related services such as disease management.

 

1



 

The Pharmacy Services segment operates under the CVS Caremark® Pharmacy Services, Caremark®, CVS Caremark®, CarePlus CVS/pharmacy®, CarePlus™, RxAmerica ® and Accordant® names. As of December 31, 2011, the Pharmacy Services segment operated 31 retail specialty pharmacy stores, 12 specialty mail order pharmacies and four mail service pharmacies located in 22 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.

 

On November 1, 2011, we sold our TheraCom, L.L.C. (“TheraCom”) subsidiary to AmerisourceBergen Corporation for $250 million, subject to a working capital adjustment. TheraCom is a provider of commercialization support services to the biotech and pharmaceutical industry. The TheraCom business had historically been part our Pharmacy Services segment. The results of the TheraCom business are presented as discontinued operations and have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

Overview of Our Retail Pharmacy Segment

 

Our Retail Pharmacy segment sells prescription drugs and a wide assortment of general merchandise, including over-the-counter drugs, beauty products and cosmetics, photo finishing, seasonal merchandise, greeting cards and convenience foods through our CVS/pharmacy® and Longs Drugs® retail stores and online through CVS.com. Our Retail Pharmacy segment derives more than two-thirds of its revenues through the sale of prescription drugs, which are dispensed by our more than 22,000 retail pharmacists. The role of our retail pharmacists is shifting from primarily dispensing prescriptions to also providing services, including flu vaccinations as well as face-to-face patient counseling with respect to adherence to drug therapies, closing gaps in care, and more cost-effective drug therapies. Our integrated pharmacy services model enables us to enhance access to care while helping to lower overall health care costs and improve health outcomes.

 

Our Retail Pharmacy segment also provides health care services through our MinuteClinic® health care clinics. MinuteClinics are staffed by nurse practitioners and physician assistants who utilize nationally recognized protocols to diagnose and treat minor health conditions, perform health screenings, monitor chronic conditions, and deliver vaccinations. We believe our clinics provide quality services that are quick, affordable and convenient.

 

Our proprietary loyalty card program, ExtraCare®, has well over 68 million active cardholders, making it one of the largest and most successful retail loyalty card programs in the country.

 

As of December 31, 2011, our Retail Pharmacy segment included 7,327 retail drugstores (of which 7,271 operated a pharmacy) located in 41 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico operating primarily under the CVS/pharmacy® or Longs Drugs® names, our online retail website, CVS.com, 30 onsite pharmacies and 657 retail health care clinics operating under the MinuteClinic® name (of which 648 were located in CVS/pharmacy stores).

 

Overview of Our Corporate Segment

 

The Corporate segment provides management and administrative services to support the Company. The Corporate segment consists of certain aspects of our executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance departments.

 

2



 

Results of Operations

 

Summary of our Consolidated Financial Results

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions, except per common share amounts

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

$

107,100

 

$

95,778

 

$

98,215

 

Gross profit

 

20,561

 

20,219

 

20,358

 

Operating expenses

 

14,231

 

14,082

 

13,933

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating profit

 

6,330

 

6,137

 

6,425

 

Interest expense, net

 

584

 

536

 

525

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax provision

 

5,746

 

5,601

 

5,900

 

Income tax provision

 

2,258

 

2,179

 

2,200

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

 

3,488

 

3,422

 

3,700

 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

(31

)

2

 

(4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

3,457

 

3,424

 

3,696

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

4

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

3,461

 

$

3,427

 

$

3,696

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.59

 

$

2.49

 

$

2.55

 

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

(0.02

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.57

 

$

2.49

 

$

2.55

 

 

Net revenues increased $11.3 billion in 2011 compared to 2010, and decreased $2.4 billion in 2010 compared to 2009. As you review our performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

·          During 2011, net revenues in our Retail Pharmacy segment increased 3.9% and net revenues in our Pharmacy Services segment increased 24.9% compared to the prior year.

 

·         During 2010, net revenues in our Retail Pharmacy segment increased by 3.6% which was offset by a decline in our Pharmacy Services segment of 6.7%, compared to the prior year.

 

·          The increase in our generic dispensing rates in both of our operating segments continues to have an adverse effect on net revenue in 2011 as compared to 2010, as well as in 2010 as compared to 2009.

 

Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about our net revenues.

 

Gross profit increased $342 million in 2011, to $20.6 billion or 19.2% of net revenues as compared to $20.2 billion in 2010. Gross profit decreased $139 million in 2010, to $20.2 billion or 21.1% of net revenues, as compared to 2009.

 

·            During 2011, gross profit in our Retail Pharmacy segment increased by 2.5% offset by declines in our Pharmacy Services segment of 1.1%, compared to the prior year.

 

·            During 2010, gross profit in our Retail Pharmacy segment increased by 2.7% offset by declines in our Pharmacy Services segment of 13.1%, compared to the prior year.

 

·            The decline in gross profit as a percent of net revenues was driven by the increased weighting toward Pharmacy Services whose gross profit margin tends to be lower than that of the Retail Pharmacy segment.

 

·            In addition, for the three years 2009 through 2011, our gross profit continued to benefit from the increased utilization of generic drugs (which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drugs) in both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments.

 

Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about our gross profit.

 

3



 

Operating expenses increased $149 million, or 1.1% in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. Operating expenses as a percent of net revenues improved approximately 140 basis points to 13.3% in the year ended December 31, 2011. The increase in operating expenses in the year ended December 31, 2011 was primarily due to incremental store operating costs associated with a higher store count as compared to the prior year period, as well as costs associated with changes designed to streamline our Pharmacy Services segment and expenses associated with the acquisition and integration of the UAM Medicare Part D Business.

 

Operating expenses also increased $149 million in the year ended December 31, 2010 as compared to the prior year. Operating expenses as a percent of net revenues increased approximately 50 basis points to 14.7% in the year ended December 31, 2010. During 2010, operating expenses increased as a result of increases in our Corporate segment expenses of $87 million, and an increase in our Retail Pharmacy segment expenses of $68 million, partially offset by a decrease in our Pharmacy Services segment expenses of $6 million, compared to the prior year.

 

Please see the Segment Analysis later in this document for additional information about operating expenses.

 

Interest expense, net consisted of the following:

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Interest expense

 

$

588

 

$

539

 

$

530

 

Interest income

 

(4

)

(3

)

(5

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest expense, net

 

$

584

 

$

536

 

$

525

 

 

Net interest expense increased $48 million during the year ended December 31, 2011, which resulted from a higher average interest rate during the period as we shifted from short-term debt to long-term debt. During 2010, net interest expense increased by $11 million, to $536 million compared to 2009, due to an increase in our average debt balances and average interest rates.

 

Income tax provision - Our effective income tax rate was 39.3%, 38.9% and 37.3% in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. The annual fluctuations in our effective income tax rate are primarily related to changes in the recognition of previously unrecognized tax benefits relating to the expiration of various statutes of limitation and settlements with tax authorities. In 2010 and 2009 we recognized $47 million and $167 million, respectively, of income tax benefits related to the expiration of various statutes of limitation and settlements with tax authorities.

 

Income from continuing operations increased $66 million or 1.9% to $3.5 billion in 2011. Income from continuing operations decreased $278 million or 7.5% to $3.4 billion in 2010 as compared to $3.7 billion in 2009. As previously noted, income from continuing operations in 2010 and 2009 both benefited from previously unrecognized tax benefits.

 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations

In connection with certain business dispositions completed between 1991 and 1997, the Company retained guarantees on store lease obligations for a number of former subsidiaries, including Linens ‘n Things which filed for bankruptcy in 2008. The Company’s income (loss) from discontinued operations includes lease-related costs which the Company believes it will likely be required to satisfy pursuant to its Linens ‘n Things lease guarantees.

 

We incurred a loss from discontinued operations of $31 million in 2011 versus income from discontinued operations of $2 million in 2010 and a loss from discontinued operations of $4 million in 2009. The loss from discontinued operations in 2011 was primarily due to the disposition of our TheraCom subsidiary. We recognized a $53 million pre-tax gain and a $37 million after-tax loss on the sale of TheraCom. The after-tax loss was caused by the income tax treatment of TheraCom’s nondeductible goodwill. Income from discontinued operations (net of tax) increased by $6 million in 2010 versus 2009 primarily due to a $15 million increase in income from operations of TheraCom partially offset by a $5 million increase in costs associated with our Linen’n Things lease guarantees.

 

See Note 3 “Discontinued Operations” to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about discontinued operations and Note 13 “Commitments and Contingencies” for additional information about our lease guarantees.

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest represents the minority shareholders’ portion of the net loss from our majority owned subsidiary, Generation Health, Inc., which we acquired in the fourth quarter of 2009. The net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest for the years ended December 31, 2011 and 2010 was $4 million and $3 million, respectively, and was de minimis in 2009.

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark increased $34 million or 1.0% to $3.5 billion (or $2.57 per diluted share) in 2011. This compares to $3.4 billion (or $2.49 per diluted share) in 2010 and $3.7 billion (or $2.55 per diluted share) in 2009. As previously noted, net income attributable to CVS Caremark in 2010 and 2009 both benefited from previously unrecognized tax benefits.

 

4



 

Segment Analysis

 

We evaluate the performance of our Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments based on net revenues, gross profit and operating profit before the effect of certain intersegment activities and charges. The Company evaluates the performance of its Corporate segment based on operating expenses before the effect of discontinued operations and certain intersegment activities and charges. The following is a reconciliation of the Company’s business segments to the consolidated financial statements:

 

In millions 

 

Pharmacy
Services
Segment (1)(2)(3)

 

Retail
Pharmacy
Segment (2)

 

Corporate
Segment

 

Intersegment
Eliminations(2)

 

Consolidated
Totals

 

2011:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

$

58,874

 

$

59,599

 

$

 

$

(11,373

)

$

107,100

 

Gross profit

 

3,279

 

17,468

 

 

(186

)

20,561

 

Operating profit

 

2,220

 

4,912

 

(616

)

(186

)

6,330

 

2010:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

$

47,145

 

$

57,345

 

$

 

$

(8,712

)

$

95,778

 

Gross profit

 

3,315

 

17,039

 

 

(135

)

20,219

 

Operating profit

 

2,361

 

4,537

 

(626

)

(135

)

6,137

 

2009:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net revenues

 

$

50,551

 

$

55,355

 

$

 

$

(7,691

)

$

98,215

 

Gross profit

 

3,813

 

16,593

 

 

(48

)

20,358

 

Operating profit

 

2,853

 

4,159

 

(539

)

(48

)

6,425

 

 


(1)          Net revenues of the Pharmacy Services segment include approximately $7.9 billion, $6.6 billion and $6.9 billion of Retail Co-Payments for 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. See Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements for additional information about Retail Co-Payments.

 

(2)          Intersegment eliminations relate to two types of transactions: (i) Intersegment revenues that occur when Pharmacy Services segment customers use Retail Pharmacy segment stores to purchase covered products. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue on a standalone basis, and (ii) Intersegment revenues, gross profit and operating profit that occur when Pharmacy Services segment customers, through the Company’s intersegment activities (such as the Maintenance Choice® program), elect to pick-up their maintenance prescriptions at Retail Pharmacy segment stores instead of receiving them through the mail. When this occurs, both the Pharmacy Services and Retail Pharmacy segments record the revenue, gross profit and operating profit on a standalone basis. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2011, the Maintenance Choice eliminations reflect all discounts available for the purchase of mail order prescription drugs. The following amounts are eliminated in consolidation in connection with the item (ii) intersegment activity: net revenues of $2.6 billion, $1.8 billion and $0.7 billion for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively; gross profit and operating profit of $186 million, $135 million and $48 million for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

(3)          The results of the Pharmacy Services segment for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009 have been revised to reflect the results of TheraCom as discontinued operations. See Note 3 to the consolidated financial statements.

 

5



 

Pharmacy Services Segment

 

The following table summarizes our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance for the respective periods:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010(4)

 

2009(4)

 

Net revenues

 

$

58,874

 

$

47,145

 

$

50,551

 

Gross profit

 

3,279

 

3,315

 

3,813

 

Gross profit % of net revenues

 

5.6

%

7.0

%

7.5

%

Operating expenses

 

1,059

 

954

 

960

 

Operating expenses % of net revenues

 

1.8

%

2.0

%

1.9

%

Operating profit

 

2,220

 

2,361

 

2,853

 

Operating profit % of net revenues

 

3.8

%

5.0

%

5.6

%

Net revenues(1) :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Mail choice(2)

 

$

18,616

 

$

16,159

 

$

16,241

 

Pharmacy network(3)

 

40,040

 

30,681

 

34,004

 

Other

 

218

 

305

 

306

 

Pharmacy claims processed(1) :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

774.6

 

584.7

 

658.3

 

Mail choice(2)

 

70.6

 

64.1

 

65.8

 

Pharmacy network(3)

 

704.0

 

520.6

 

592.5

 

Generic dispensing rate(1) :

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

74.1

%

71.5

%

68.2

%

Mail choice(2)

 

64.9

%

61.3

%

56.5

%

Pharmacy network(3)

 

75.0

%

72.7

%

69.3

%

Mail choice penetration rate

 

22.3

%

25.8

%

23.8

%

 


(1)          Pharmacy network net revenues, claims processed and generic dispensing rates do not include Maintenance Choice, which are included within the mail choice category.

 

(2)          Mail choice is defined as claims filled at a Pharmacy Services’ mail facility, which includes specialty mail claims, as well as 90-day claims filled at retail under the Maintenance Choice program.

 

(3)          Pharmacy network is defined as claims filled at retail pharmacies, including our retail drugstores, but excluding Maintenance Choice activity.

 

(4)          The results of the Pharmacy Services segment for the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009, have been revised to reflect the results of TheraCom as discontinued operations.

 

Net revenues in our Pharmacy Services Segment increased $11.7 billion, or 24.9%, to $58.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. The increase in net revenues was primarily due to the addition of the previously announced long-term contract with Aetna Inc. (“Aetna”), which became effective on January 1, 2011, as well as activity resulting from our April 29, 2011 acquisition of the UAM Medicare Part D Business. Additionally, the increase in our generic dispensing rate had a negative impact on our revenue in 2011 as it did in 2010.

 

Net revenues decreased $3.4 billion, or 6.7%, to $47.1 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the prior year. The decrease in 2010 was primarily due to the termination of a few large client contracts effective January 1, 2010 and the decrease of covered lives under our Medicare Part D program as a result of the 2010 Medicare Part D competitive bidding process, partially offset by new client starts on January 1, 2010.

 

6



 

As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s revenue performance, we believe you should also consider the following important information:

 

·          Our mail choice claims processed increased 10.2% to 70.6 million claims in the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 64.1 million claims in the prior year. The increase in mail choice claim volume was primarily due to the addition of the previously announced long-term contract with Aetna, which became effective on January 1, 2011. During 2010, our mail choice claims processed decreased 2.6% to 64.1 million claims. This decrease was primarily due to the termination of a few large client contracts effective January 1, 2010, partially offset by new client starts on January 1, 2010.

 

·          During 2011 and 2010, our average revenue per mail choice claim increased by 4.6% and 2.2%, compared to 2010 and 2009, respectively. This increase was primarily due to drug cost inflation and claims mix, partially offset by an increase in the percentage of generic prescription drugs dispensed and changes in client pricing.

 

·          Our mail choice generic dispensing rate increased to 64.9% in the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 61.3% in the prior year. During 2010, our mail choice generic dispensing rate increased to 61.3%, compared to our mail choice generic dispensing rate of 56.5% in 2009.

 

·          Our pharmacy network generic dispensing rate increased to 75.0% in the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 72.7% in the prior year. During 2010, our pharmacy network generic dispensing rate increased to 72.7% compared to our pharmacy network generic dispensing rate of 69.3% in 2009. These continued increases in both mail choice and pharmacy network generic dispensing rates were primarily due to the impact of new generic drug introductions and our continuous efforts to encourage plan members to use generic drugs when they are available. We believe our generic dispensing rates will continue to increase in future periods. This increase will be affected by, among other things, the number of new generic drug introductions and our success at encouraging plan members to utilize generic drugs when they are available.

 

·          Our pharmacy network claims processed increased 35.2% to 704.0 million claims in the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 520.6 million claims in the prior year. The increase in the pharmacy network claim volume was primarily due to the addition of the previously announced long-term contract with Aetna, which became effective on January 1, 2011. Additionally, we experienced higher claims activity associated with our Medicare Part D program as a result of our acquisition of the UAM Medicare Part D Business completed during the second quarter of 2011 and increases in covered lives under our legacy Medicare Part D program.  During 2010, our pharmacy network claims processed decreased 12.1% to 520.6 million compared to 592.5 million pharmacy network claims processed in 2009. The decrease in 2010 was primarily due to the termination of a few large client contracts effective January 1, 2010 and the decrease of covered lives under our Medicare Part D program as a result of the 2010 Medicare Part D competitive bidding process.

 

·          Our average revenue per pharmacy network claim processed decreased 3.5%, in the year ended December 31, 2011 as compared to the prior year. This decrease was primarily due to increases in the percentage of generic prescription drugs dispensed, changes in client pricing, and the impact of our acquisition of the UAM Medicare Part D Business, partially offset by our previously announced long-term contract with Aetna, which became effective on January 1, 2011. During 2010, our average revenue per pharmacy network claim processed increased by 2.7%, compared to 2009. The increase was primarily due to the conversion of RxAmerica’s pharmacy network contracts from net to gross on April 1, 2009, (ii) a change in the revenue recognition method from net to gross for a large health plan on March 1, 2009 and (iii) higher drug costs, partially offset by an increase in our pharmacy network generic dispensing rate and changes in client pricing.

 

·          During 2011, 2010, and 2009, we generated net revenues from our participation in the administration of the Medicare Part D drug benefit by providing PBM services to our health plan clients and other clients that have qualified as a Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan (a “PDP”) under regulations promulgated by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”). We are also a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Medicare Part D program through our subsidiaries, SilverScript, Pennsylvania Life and Accendo (which have been approved by CMS as PDPs). On April 29, 2011, the Company acquired the UAM Medicare Part D Business for approximately $1.3 billion. The UAM Medicare Part D Business offers prescription drug plan benefits to Medicare beneficiaries throughout the United States through its Community CCRxSM prescription drug plan.

 

·          The Pharmacy Services segment recognizes revenues for its pharmacy network transactions based on individual contract terms. In accordance with ASC 605, Revenue Recognition (formerly Emerging Issues Task Force (“EITF”) EITF No. 99-19, “Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal vs Net as an Agent”), Caremark’s contracts are predominantly accounted for using the gross method. Prior to April 1, 2009, RxAmerica’s contracts were accounted for using the net method. Effective April 1, 2009, we converted a number of RxAmerica’s retail pharmacy network contracts and a large health plan to the Caremark contract structure, which resulted in those contracts being accounted for using the gross method. As a result, net revenues increased by $1.1 billion during 2010 as compared to 2009.

 

7



 

Gross profit in our Pharmacy Services Segment includes net revenues less cost of revenues. Cost of revenues includes (i) the cost of pharmaceuticals dispensed, either directly through our mail service and specialty retail pharmacies or indirectly through our pharmacy network, (ii) shipping and handling costs and (iii) the operating costs of our mail service pharmacies, customer service operations and related information technology support.

 

Gross profit decreased $36 million, or 1.1%, to $3.3 billion in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was 5.6% for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to 7.0% in the prior year. The decrease in gross profit dollars in the year ended December 31, 2011 was primarily driven by pricing compression relating to contract renewals and in particular the renewal of a large government client contract that took effect during the third quarter of 2010 partially offset by activity associated with our April 2011 acquisition of the UAM Medicare Part D Business.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2011, the decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was also driven by the previously mentioned client pricing compression, as well as the profitability associated with our previously announced long-term contract with Aetna, which became effective on January 1, 2011. Additionally, gross profit as a percentage of net revenue continues to be positively impacted by the above mentioned increases in our generic dispensing rates as compared to the prior year.

 

During 2010, gross profit decreased $498 million, or 13.1%, to $3.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the prior year. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was 7.0% for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to 7.5% in the prior year. The decrease in our gross profit dollars is a result of the loss of “differential” or “spread” resulting from a change in CMS regulations described more fully below, the termination of a few large client contracts effective January 1, 2010 and the decrease of covered lives under our Medicare Part D program, partially offset by new client starts on January 1, 2010. The decrease in gross profit as a percentage of net revenues is primarily due to the loss of “differential” or “spread”, pricing compression related to a large client renewal that took effect during the third quarter of 2010, and the change in the revenue recognition method from net to gross associated with the RxAmerica pharmacy network contracts on April 1, 2009 and a large health plan on March 1, 2009. This was partially offset by an increase in our generic dispensing rate for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the prior year.

 

As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

·            Our gross profit dollars and gross profit as a percentage of net revenues continued to be impacted by our efforts to (i) retain existing clients, (ii) obtain new business and (iii) maintain or improve the purchase discounts we received from manufacturers, wholesalers and retail pharmacies. In particular, competitive pressures in the PBM industry has caused us and other PBMs to continue to share a larger portion of rebates and/or discounts received from pharmaceutical manufacturers. In addition, market dynamics and regulatory changes have impacted our ability to offer plan sponsors pricing that includes retail network “differential” or “spread”. We expect these trends to continue.

 

·          As discussed previously in this document, we review our network contracts on an individual basis to determine if the related revenues should be accounted for using the gross method or net method under the applicable accounting rules. Caremark’s network contracts are predominantly accounted for using the gross method, which results in higher revenues, higher cost of revenues and lower gross profit rates. The conversion of certain RxAmerica contracts to the Caremark contract structure increased our net revenues, increased our cost of revenues and lowered our gross profit rates in 2010 and 2009. Although this change did not affect our gross profit dollars, it did reduce our gross profit rates by approximately 40 basis points in each of the years ended December 31, 2010 and 2009.

 

·          Our gross profit as a percentage of revenues benefited from the increase in our total generic dispensing rate, which increased to 74.1% and 71.5% in 2011 and 2010, respectively, compared to our generic dispensing rate of 68.2% in 2009. These increases were primarily due to new generic drug introductions and our continued efforts to encourage plan members to use generic drugs when they are available.

 

·          Effective January 1, 2010, CMS issued a regulation requiring that any difference between the drug price charged to Medicare Part D plan sponsors by a PBM and the price paid for the drug by the PBM to the dispensing provider (commonly called “differential” or “spread”) be reported as an administrative cost rather than a drug cost of the plan sponsor for purposes of calculating certain government subsidy payments and the drug price to be charged to enrollees. As noted above, these changes have impacted our ability to offer Medicare Part D plan sponsors pricing that includes the use of retail network “differential” or “spread.” This change impacted both our gross profit dollars and gross profit as a percentage of net revenues in 2011 and 2010 compared to 2009.

 

Operating expenses in our Pharmacy Services Segment, which include selling, general and administrative expenses, depreciation and amortization related to selling, general and administrative activities and retail specialty pharmacy store and administrative payroll, employee benefits and occupancy costs, decreased to 1.8% of net revenues in 2011 compared to 2.0% and 1.9% in 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

8



 

As you review our Pharmacy Services segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

·          Operating expenses increased $105 million to $1.1 billion, in the year ended December 30, 2011, compared to $954 million in the prior year. The increase in operating expenses is primarily related to normal operating expenses of the acquired UAM Medicare Part D Business, costs associated with changes designed to streamline our business, expenses associated with the acquisition and integration of the UAM Medicare Part D Business, partially offset by disciplined expense management.

 

·          During 2010, the decrease in operating expenses of $6 million or approximately 1.0%, to $954 million compared to 2009, is primarily related to lower bad debt expense, and lower operating costs associated with our Medicare Part D program, partially offset by an increase in costs associated with changes designed to streamline our business.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment

 

The following table summarizes our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance for the respective periods:

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Net revenues

 

$

59,599

 

$

57,345

 

$

55,355

 

Gross profit

 

17,468

 

17,039

 

16,593

 

Gross profit % of net revenues

 

29.3

%

29.7

%

30.0

%

Operating expenses

 

12,556

 

12,502

 

12,434

 

Operating expenses % of net revenues

 

21.1

%

21.8

%

22.5

%

Operating profit

 

4,912

 

4,537

 

4,159

 

Operating profit % of net revenues

 

8.2

%

7.9

%

7.5

%

Net revenue increase:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

3.9

%

3.6

%

13.0

%

Pharmacy

 

4.4

%

4.1

%

13.1

%

Front Store

 

3.0

%

2.6

%

12.7

%

Same store sales increase:(1) 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total

 

2.3

%

2.1

%

5.0

%

Pharmacy

 

3.1

%

2.9

%

6.9

%

Front Store

 

0.8

%

0.5

%

1.2

%

Generic dispensing rates

 

75.6

%

73.0

%

69.9

%

Pharmacy % of net revenues

 

68.3

%

68.0

%

67.5

%

Third party % of pharmacy revenue

 

97.8

%

97.4

%

96.9

%

Retail prescriptions filled

 

657.8

 

636.3

 

616.5

 

 


(1)      Same store sales increase includes the Longs Drug Stores beginning in November 2009.

 

Net revenues increased $2.3 billion, or 3.9%, to $59.6 billion for the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. This increase was primarily driven by a same store sales increase of 2.3% and net revenues from new stores, which accounted for approximately 130 basis points of our total net revenue percentage increase during the year. Additionally, we continue to see a positive impact on our net revenues due to the growth of our Maintenance Choice program.

 

9



 

Net revenues in our Retail Pharmacy Segment increased $2.0 billion, or 3.6% to $57.3 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the prior year. This increase was primarily driven by the same store sales increase of 2.1%, and net revenues from new stores, which accounted for approximately 140 basis points of our total net revenue percentage increase for the year ended December 31, 2010.

 

As you review our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

·            Pharmacy revenues continued to benefit from incremental prescription volume associated with our Maintenance Choice program. Pharmacy same store sales rose 3.1% in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. The year ended December 31, 2011, includes a positive impact from Maintenance Choice of approximately 160 basis points on a net basis, (i.e., a positive impact of approximately 190 basis points on a gross basis, net of approximately 30 basis points from the conversion of 30-day prescriptions at retail to 90-day prescriptions under the Maintenance Choice program).

 

·          Pharmacy revenues continue to be negatively impacted by the conversion of brand name drugs to equivalent generic drugs, which typically have a lower selling price. Pharmacy same store sales were negatively impacted by approximately 215 basis points for the year ended December 31, 2011, respectively, due to recent generic introductions. In addition, our pharmacy growth has also been adversely affected by the lack of significant new brand name drug introductions, higher consumer co-payments and co-insurance arrangements and an increase in the number of over-the-counter remedies that were historically only available by prescription.

 

·          As of December 31, 2011, we operated 7,327 retail stores compared to 7,182 retail stores as of December 31, 2010 and 7,025 retail stores as of December 31, 2009. Total net revenues from new stores (excluding acquired stores) contributed approximately 1.3%, 1.4% and 1.6% to our total net revenue percentage increase in 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.

 

·          Pharmacy revenue growth continued to benefit from increased utilization by Medicare Part D beneficiaries, the ability to attract and retain managed care customers and favorable industry trends. These trends include an aging American population; many “baby boomers” are now in their fifties and sixties and are consuming a greater number of prescription drugs. In addition, the increased use of pharmaceuticals as the first line of defense for individual health care also contributed to the growing demand for pharmacy services. We believe these favorable industry trends will continue.

 

Gross profit in our Retail Pharmacy Segment includes net revenues less the cost of merchandise sold during the reporting period and the related purchasing costs, warehousing costs, delivery costs and actual and estimated inventory losses.

 

Gross profit increased $429 million, or 2.5%, to $17.5 billion in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 29.3% in year ended December 31, 2011, from 29.7% in 2010. The increase in gross profit dollars in the year ended December 31, 2011, was primarily driven by increases in net revenue. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue was negatively impacted during 2011 by lower pharmacy margins due to continued reimbursement pressure which was partially offset by the positive impact of increased generic drugs dispensed.

 

Gross profit increased $446 million, or 2.7%, to $17.0 billion for the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to the prior year. Gross profit as a percentage of net revenues decreased to 29.7% for the year ended December 31, 2010, compared to 30.0% for the prior year. The decline in gross profit as a percentage of net revenues was driven by declines in the gross profit of our pharmacy sales, partially offset by increases in the gross profit of our front store sales.

 

As you review our Retail Pharmacy segment’s performance in this area, we believe you should consider the following important information:

 

·          On average, our gross profit on front-store revenues is generally higher than our average gross profit on pharmacy revenues. Front-store revenues were 31.7%, 32.0% and 32.5% of total revenues, in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Pharmacy revenues were 68.3%, 68.0% and 67.5% of total revenues, in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. This shift in sales mix had a negative effect on our overall gross profit for the year ended December 31, 2011.

 

·          During 2011 and 2010, our front-store gross profit rate was positively impacted by increases in private label and proprietary brand product sales, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than other front-store products.

 

·          During 2011, 2010 and 2009, our pharmacy gross profit rate continued to benefit from an increase in generic drug revenues, which normally yield a higher gross profit rate than equivalent brand name drug revenues.

 

·          Our pharmacy gross profit rates have been adversely affected by the efforts of managed care organizations, pharmacy benefit managers and governmental and other third-party payors to reduce their prescription drug costs. In the event this trend continues, we may not be able to sustain our current rate of revenue growth and gross profit dollars could be adversely impacted.

 

·          The increased use of generic drugs has positively impacted our gross profit margins but has resulted in third party payors augmenting their efforts to reduce reimbursement payments to retail pharmacies for prescriptions. This trend, which we expect to continue, reduces the benefit we realize from brand to generic product conversions.

 

10



 

·          Sales to customers covered by third party insurance programs have continued to increase and, thus, have become a larger component of our total pharmacy business. On average, our gross profit on third party pharmacy revenues is lower than our gross profit on cash pharmacy revenues. Third party pharmacy revenues were 97.8% of pharmacy revenues in 2011, compared to 97.4% and 96.9% of pharmacy revenues in 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

·          The Federal Government’s Medicare Part D benefit is increasing prescription utilization. However, it is also decreasing our pharmacy gross profit rates as our higher gross profit business (e.g., cash customers) continued to migrate to Part D coverage during 2011, 2010 and 2009.

 

·          The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act (collectively, “PPACA”) made several significant changes to Medicaid rebates and to reimbursement. One of these changes was to revise the definition of Average Manufacturer Price and the reimbursement formula for multi-source drugs. CMS has not yet issued regulations implementing these changes. Therefore, we cannot predict the effect these changes will have on Medicaid reimbursement or their impact on the Company.

 

Operating expenses in our Retail Pharmacy Segment include store payroll, store employee benefits, store occupancy costs, selling expenses, advertising expenses, depreciation and amortization expense and certain administrative expenses.

 

Operating expenses increased $54 million, or less than 1% to $12.6 billion, or 21.1% as a percentage of net revenues, in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to $12.5 billion, or 21.8% as a percentage of net revenues, in the prior year. We continue to see improvement in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2011, due to improved expense leverage from our same store sales growth and expense control initiatives.

 

Operating expenses increased $68 million, or less than 1%, to $12.5 billion, or 21.8% as a percentage of net revenues, in the year ended December 31, 2010, as compared to $12.4 billion, or 22.5% as a percentage of net revenues, in the prior year. The increase in operating expenses in 2010 was the result of higher store operating costs associated with our increased store count, partially offset by the absence of costs incurred related to the integration of the Longs Acquisition which were incurred in 2009. The improvement in operating expenses as a percentage of net revenues for the year ended December 31, 2010, was primarily due to improved expense leverage from our same store sale growth and expense control initiatives.

 

Corporate Segment

 

Operating expenses decreased $10 million, or 1.6%, to $616 million in the year ended December 31, 2011, as compared to the prior year. Operating expenses increased $87 million, or 16.3% during 2010. Operating expenses within the Corporate segment include executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance related costs.

 

The decrease in operating expenses in 2011 was primarily driven by lower professional fees for legal services and lower consulting costs. Operating expenses increased during 2010 primarily due to higher professional fees, primarily for legal services associated with increased litigation activity, information technology services associated with enterprise initiatives, compensation and benefit costs, and depreciation.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

We maintain a level of liquidity sufficient to allow us to cover our cash needs in the short-term. Over the long-term, we manage our cash and capital structure to maximize shareholder return, maintain our financial position and maintain flexibility for future strategic initiatives. We continuously assess our working capital needs, debt and leverage levels, capital expenditure requirements, dividend payouts, potential share repurchases and future investments or acquisitions. We believe our operating cash flows, commercial paper program, sale-leaseback program, as well as any potential future borrowings, will be sufficient to fund these future payments and long-term initiatives.

 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $5.9 billion for the year ended December 31, 2011, compared to $4.8 billion in 2010, and $4.0 billion in 2009. The increase in 2011 was related to improvements in inventory and accounts payable management, increases in accrued expenses due to the timing of payments and growth in claims payable due to increased volume of activity in our Pharmacy Services segment, partially offset by increased accounts receivable. The increase in net cash provided by operating activities during 2010 was primarily due to increases in cash receipts from customers, decreases in inventory purchases, partially offset by cash paid to other suppliers.

 

Net cash used in investing activities was $2.4 billion, representing an increase of $770 million in 2011. This compares to approximately $1.6 billion and $1.1 billion in 2010 and 2009, respectively. In 2011, the increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to the cash paid to acquire the UAM Medicare Part D Business, partially offset by the proceeds from the sale of our TheraCom subsidiary, increased proceeds from sale-lease back transactions and lower purchases of property and equipment. In 2010,

 

11



 

the increase in net cash used in investing activities was primarily due to a reduction in the amount of proceeds received from sale-leaseback transactions, partially offset by less cash used for purchases of property and equipment.

 

In 2011, gross capital expenditures totaled $1.9 billion, a decrease of $133 million compared to the prior year. During 2011, approximately 45.8% of our total capital expenditures were for new store construction, 18.3% were for store expansion and improvements and 35.9% were for technology and other corporate initiatives. Gross capital expenditures totaled approximately $2.0 billion during 2010, compared to approximately $2.5 billion in 2009. The decrease in gross capital expenditures during 2010 was primarily due to the absence of spending which occurred in 2009 related to resets of stores acquired as part of the Longs Acquisition. During 2010, approximately 52.0% of our total capital expenditures were for new store construction, 14.5% were for store expansion and improvements and 33.5% were for technology and other corporate initiatives.

 

Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions totaled $592 million in 2011. This compares to $507 million in 2010 and $1.6 billion in 2009. Under the sale-leaseback transactions, the properties are generally sold at net book value, which generally approximates fair value, and the resulting leases qualify and are accounted for as operating leases. The specific timing and amount of future sale-leaseback transactions will vary depending on future market conditions and other factors. The decrease in 2010 was primarily due to higher transaction volume in 2009 as a result of a deferral of transactions from 2008, due to market conditions.

 

Following is a summary of our store development activity for the respective years:

 

 

 

2011(2)

 

2010(2)

 

2009(2)

 

Total stores (beginning of year)

 

7,248

 

7,095

 

6,997

 

New and acquired stores(1)

 

162

 

183

 

180

 

Closed stores (1)

 

(22

)

(30

)

(82

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total stores (end of year)

 

7,388

 

7,248

 

7,095

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Relocated stores

 

86

 

106

 

110

 

 


(1)          Relocated stores are not included in new or closed store totals.

 

(2)          Excludes specialty mail order facilities.

 

Net cash used in financing activities was approximately $3.5 billion in 2011, compared to net cash used in financing activities of $2.8 billion in 2010 and net cash used in financing activities of $3.2 billion in 2009. Net cash used in financing activities during 2011, was primarily due to $3.0 billion of share repurchases associated with the share repurchase program outlined below, as well as a net reduction in our outstanding debt of $209 million. Net cash used in financing activities during 2010, was primarily due to the repayment of long-term-debt of approximately $2.1 billion, $1.5 billion of share repurchases associated with the share repurchase programs described below, partially offset by the proceeds received of $991 million related to the issuance of long-term debt. Net cash used in financing activities during 2009 was primarily due to approximately $2.5 billion of share repurchases associated with the share repurchase programs described below, the net reduction of approximately $2.2 billion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings, the repayment of $500 million of borrowings outstanding under our bridge credit facility used to finance the Longs Acquisition, and the payment of $439 million of dividends on our common stock. This was partially offset by the net increase in long-term debt of approximately $2.1 billion and proceeds from the exercise of stock options of $250 million.

 

Share repurchase programs - On August 23, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $4.0 billion of outstanding common stock (the “2011 Repurchase Program”). The share repurchase authorization, which was effective immediately, permits us to effect repurchases from time to time through a combination of open market repurchases, privately negotiated transactions, accelerated share repurchase transactions, and/or other derivative transactions. The 2011 Repurchase Program may be modified or terminated by the Board of Directors at any time.

 

Pursuant to the authorization under the 2011 Repurchase Program, on August 24, 2011, we entered into a $1.0 billion fixed dollar accelerated share repurchase (“ASR”) agreement with Barclays Bank PLC (“Barclays”). The ASR agreement contained provisions that establish the minimum and maximum number of shares to be repurchased during its term. Pursuant to the ASR agreement, on August 25, 2011, we paid $1.0 billion to Barclays in exchange for Barclays delivering 20.3 million shares of common stock to us. On September 16, 2011, upon establishment of the minimum number of shares to be repurchased, Barclays delivered an additional 5.4 million shares of common stock to us. At the conclusion of the transaction on December 28, 2011, Barclays delivered a final installment of 1.6 million shares of common stock on December 29, 2011. The aggregate 27.3 million shares of common stock delivered to us by Barclays, were placed into treasury stock. As of December 31, 2011, we had approximately $3.0 billion remaining under the 2011 Repurchase Program.

 

12



 

On June 14, 2010, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock (the “2010 Repurchase Program”). During the year ended December 31, 2011, we repurchased an aggregate of 56.4 million shares of common stock for approximately $2.0 billion, completing the 2010 Repurchase Program.

 

On November 4, 2009, our Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock (the “2009 Repurchase Program”). In 2009, we repurchased 16.1 million shares of common stock for approximately $500 million pursuant to the 2009 Repurchase Program. During 2010, we repurchased 42.4 million shares of common stock for approximately $1.5 billion, completing the 2009 Repurchase Program.

 

On May 7, 2008, our Board of Directors authorized, effective May 21, 2008, a share repurchase program for up to $2.0 billion of our outstanding common stock (the “2008 Repurchase Program”). From May 21, 2008 through December 31, 2008, we repurchased approximately 0.6 million shares of common stock for $23 million under the 2008 Repurchase Program. During the year ended December 31, 2009, we repurchased approximately 57.0 million shares of common stock for approximately $2.0 billion completing the 2008 Repurchase Program.

 

Short-term borrowings - We had $750 million of commercial paper outstanding at a weighted average interest rate of 0.37% as of December 31, 2011. In connection with our commercial paper program, we maintain a $1.3 billion, five-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on March 12, 2012, and a $1.0 billion three-year unsecured back-up credit facility, which expires on May 27, 2013, and a $1.3 billion, four-year unsecured back-up credit facility which expires on May 12, 2015. The credit facilities allow for borrowings at various rates that are dependent, in part, on our public debt ratings and require us to pay a weighted average quarterly facility fee of approximately 0.04%, regardless of usage. As of December 31, 2011, there were no borrowings outstanding under the back-up credit facilities. We intend to renew our back-up credit facility which expires in March 2012.

 

Long-term borrowings — In connection with our acquisition of the UAM Medicare Part D Business in April 2011, we assumed $110 million of long-term debt in the form of Trust Preferred Securities that mature through 2037. During the year ended December 31, 2011, we repaid $60 million of the Trust Preferred Securities at par and intend to repay the remaining $50 million at par in 2012.

 

On May 12, 2011, we issued $550 million of 4.125% unsecured senior notes due May 15, 2021 and issued $950 million of 5.75% unsecured senior notes due May 15, 2041 (collectively, the “2011 Notes”) for total proceeds of approximately $1.5 billion, net of discounts and underwriting fees. The 2011 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole at any time, or in part from time to time, at our option at a defined redemption price plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The net proceeds of the 2011 Notes were used to repay commercial paper borrowings and certain other corporate debt, and were used for general corporate purposes.

 

On December 8, 2011, we repurchased $958 million of the principal amount of our Enhanced Capital Advantaged Preferred Securities (“ECAPS”) at par. The fees and write-off of deferred issuance costs associated with the early extinguishment of the ECAPS were de minimis. The remaining $42 million of outstanding ECAPS are due in 2062 and bear interest at 6.302% per year until June 1, 2012, at which time they will pay interest based on a floating rate. The ECAPS pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed at any time, in whole or in part at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest.

 

On May 13, 2010, we issued $550 million of 3.25% unsecured senior notes due May 18, 2015 and issued $450 million of 4.75% unsecured senior notes due May 18, 2020 (collectively, the “2010 Notes”) for total proceeds of $991 million, which was net of discounts and underwriting fees. The 2010 Notes pay interest semiannually and may be redeemed, in whole at any time, or in part from time to time, at the Company’s option at a defined redemption price plus accrued and unpaid interest to the redemption date. The net proceeds of the 2010 Notes were used to repay a portion of the Company’s outstanding commercial paper borrowings, certain other corporate debt and for general corporate purposes.

 

On March 10, 2009, we issued $1.0 billion of 6.60% unsecured senior notes due March 15, 2019 (the “March 2009 Notes”). The March 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay the bridge credit facility, a portion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings and for general corporate purposes.

 

On July 1, 2009, we issued $300 million of unsecured floating rate senior notes due January 30, 2011 (the “2009 Floating Rate Notes”). The 2009 Floating Rate Notes pay interest quarterly. The net proceeds from the 2009 Floating Rate Notes were used for general corporate purposes.

 

13



 

On September 8, 2009, we issued $1.5 billion of 6.125% unsecured senior notes due September 15, 2039 (the “September 2009 Notes”). The September 2009 Notes pay interest semi-annually and may be redeemed, in whole or in part, at a defined redemption price plus accrued interest. The net proceeds were used to repay a portion of our outstanding commercial paper borrowings, $650 million of unsecured senior notes and for general corporate purposes.

 

Our backup credit facility, unsecured senior notes and Enhanced Capital Advantaged Preferred Securities (see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements) contain customary restrictive financial and operating covenants.

 

These covenants do not include a requirement for the acceleration of our debt maturities in the event of a downgrade in our credit rating. We do not believe the restrictions contained in these covenants materially affect our financial or operating flexibility.

 

As of December 31, 2011 and 2010 we had no outstanding derivative financial instruments.

 

Debt Ratings - As of December 31, 2011, our long-term debt was rated “Baa2” by Moody’s with a stable outlook and “BBB+” by Standard & Poor’s with a stable outlook, and our commercial paper program was rated “P-2” by Moody’s and “A-2” by Standard & Poor’s. In assessing our credit strength, we believe that both Moody’s and Standard & Poor’s considered, among other things, our capital structure and financial policies as well as our consolidated balance sheet, our historical acquisition activity and other financial information. Although we currently believe our long-term debt ratings will remain investment grade, we cannot guarantee the future actions of Moody’s and/or Standard & Poor’s. Our debt ratings have a direct impact on our future borrowing costs, access to capital markets and new store operating lease costs.

 

Quarterly Dividend Increase - In December 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a 30% increase in our quarterly common stock dividend to $0.1625 per share. This increase equates to an annual dividend rate of $0.65 per share. On January 11, 2011, our Board of Directors authorized a 43% increase in our quarterly common stock dividend to $0.125 per share. This increase equated to an annual dividend rate of $0.50 per share. In January 2010, our Board of Directors authorized a 15% increase in our quarterly common stock dividend to $0.0875 per share. This increase equated to an annual dividend rate of $0.35 per share.

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

In connection with executing operating leases, we provide a guarantee of the lease payments. We also finance a portion of our new store development through sale-leaseback transactions, which involve selling stores to unrelated parties and then leasing the stores back under leases that qualify and are accounted for as operating leases. We do not have any retained or contingent interests in the stores, and we do not provide any guarantees, other than a guarantee of the lease payments, in connection with the transactions. In accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, our operating leases are not reflected on our consolidated balance sheets.

 

Between 1991 and 1997, the Company sold or spun off a number of subsidiaries, including Bob’s Stores, Linens’n Things, Marshalls, Kay-Bee Toys, This End Up and Footstar. In many cases, when a former subsidiary leased a store, the Company provided a guarantee of the store’s lease obligations. When the subsidiaries were disposed of, the Company’s guarantees remained in place, although each initial purchaser has indemnified the Company for any lease obligations the Company was required to satisfy. If any of the purchasers or any of the former subsidiaries were to become insolvent and failed to make the required payments under a store lease, the Company could be required to satisfy these obligations.

 

As of December 31, 2011, the Company guaranteed approximately 75 such store leases (excluding the lease guarantees related to Linens ‘n Things), with the maximum remaining lease term extending through 2022. Management believes the ultimate disposition of any of the remaining lease guarantees will not have a material adverse effect on the Company’s consolidated financial condition or future cash flows. Please see “Income (loss) from discontinued operations” previously in this document for further information regarding our guarantee of certain Linens ‘n Things’ store lease obligations.

 

Following is a summary of our significant contractual obligations as of December 31, 2011:

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

 

In millions

 

Total

 

2012

 

2013 to 2014

 

2015 to 2016

 

Thereafter

 

Operating leases

 

$

27,625

 

$

2,230

 

$

4,079

 

$

3,686

 

$

17,630

 

Leases from discontinued operations

 

130

 

25

 

43

 

35

 

27

 

Long-term debt

 

9,096

 

53

 

551

 

1,250

 

7,242

 

Interest payments on long-term debt(1)

 

6,998

 

547

 

1,023

 

933

 

4,495

 

Other long-term liabilities reflected in our consolidated balance sheet

 

455

 

44

 

96

 

96

 

219

 

Capital lease obligations

 

337

 

20

 

40

 

40

 

237

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

44,641

 

$

2,919

 

$

5,832

 

$

6,040

 

$

29,850

 

 


(1)          Interest payments on long-term debt are calculated on outstanding balances and interest rates in effect on December 31, 2011.

 

14



 

Critical Accounting Policies

 

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, which require management to make certain estimates and apply judgment. We base our estimates and judgments on historical experience, current trends and other factors that management believes to be important at the time the consolidated financial statements are prepared. On a regular basis, we review our accounting policies and how they are applied and disclosed in our consolidated financial statements. While we believe the historical experience, current trends and other factors considered, support the preparation of our consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles, actual results could differ from our estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Our significant accounting policies are discussed in Note 1 to our consolidated financial statements. We believe the following accounting policies include a higher degree of judgment and/or complexity and, thus, are considered to be critical accounting policies. We have discussed the development and selection of our critical accounting policies with the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors and the Audit Committee has reviewed our disclosures relating to them.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Pharmacy Services Segment

 

Our Pharmacy Services segment sells prescription drugs directly through our mail service pharmacies and indirectly through our retail pharmacy network. We recognize revenues in our Pharmacy Services segment from prescription drugs sold by our mail service pharmacies and under retail pharmacy network contracts where we are the principal using the gross method at the contract prices negotiated with our clients. Net revenue from our Pharmacy Services segment includes: (i) the portion of the price the client pays directly to us, net of any volume-related or other discounts paid back to the client, (ii) the price paid to us (“Mail Co-Payments”) or a third party pharmacy in our retail pharmacy network (“Retail Co-Payments”) by individuals included in our clients’ benefit plans, and (iii) administrative fees for retail pharmacy network contracts where we are not the principal.

 

We recognize revenue in the Pharmacy Services segment when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. We recognize revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by mail service pharmacies when the prescription is shipped. At the time of shipment, we have performed substantially all of our obligations under the client contract and do not experience a significant level of reshipments. We recognize revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by third party pharmacies in our retail pharmacy network and associated administrative fees are recognized at the point-of-sale, which is when we adjudicate the claim in our online claims processing system.

 

We determine whether we are the principal or agent for our retail pharmacy network transactions on a contract by contract basis. In the majority of our contracts, we have determined we are the principal due to us: (i) being the primary obligor in the arrangement, (ii) having latitude in establishing the price, changing the product or performing part of the service, (iii) having discretion in supplier selection, (iv) having involvement in the determination of product or service specifications, and (v) having credit risk. Our obligations under our client contracts for which revenues are reported using the gross method are separate and distinct from our obligations to the third party pharmacies included in our retail pharmacy network contracts. Pursuant to these contracts, we are contractually required to pay the third party pharmacies in our retail pharmacy network for products sold, regardless of whether we are paid by our clients. Our responsibilities under these client contracts typically include validating eligibility and coverage levels, communicating the prescription price and the co-payments due to the third party retail pharmacy, identifying possible adverse drug interactions for the pharmacist to address with the physician prior to dispensing, suggesting clinically appropriate generic alternatives where appropriate and approving the prescription for dispensing. Although we do not have credit risk with respect to Retail Co-Payments, we believe that all of the other indicators of gross revenue reporting are present. For contracts under which we act as an agent, we record revenues using the net method.

 

We deduct from our revenues the manufacturers’ rebates that are earned by our clients based on their members’ utilization of brand-name formulary drugs. We estimate these rebates at period-end based on actual and estimated claims data and our estimates of the manufacturers’ rebates earned by our clients. We base our estimates on the best available data at period-end and recent history for the various factors that can affect the amount of rebates due to the client. We adjust our rebates payable to clients to the actual amounts paid when these rebates are paid or as significant events occur. We record any cumulative effect of these adjustments against revenues as identified, and adjust our estimates prospectively to consider recurring matters. Adjustments generally result from contract changes with our clients or manufacturers, differences between the estimated and actual product mix subject to rebates or whether the product was included in the applicable formulary. We also deduct from our revenues pricing guarantees and guarantees regarding the level of service we will provide to the client or member as well as other payments made to our clients. Because the inputs to most of these estimates are not subject to a high degree of subjectivity or volatility, the effect of adjustments between estimated and actual amounts have not been material to our results of operations or financial position.

 

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We participate in the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program as a PDP. Our net revenues include insurance premiums earned by the PDP, which are determined based on the PDP’s annual bid and related contractual arrangements with CMS. The insurance premiums include a beneficiary premium, which is the responsibility of the PDP member, but is subsidized by CMS in the case of low-income members, and a direct premium paid by CMS. Premiums collected in advance are initially deferred as accrued expenses and are then recognized ratably as revenue over the period in which members are entitled to receive benefits.

 

In addition to these premiums, our net revenues include co-payments, coverage gap benefits, deductibles and co-insurance (collectively, the “Member Co-Payments”) related to PDP members’ actual prescription claims. In certain cases, CMS subsidizes a portion of these Member Co-Payments and we are paid an estimated prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy, each month. The prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy amounts received from CMS are also included in our net revenues. We assume no risk for these amounts, which represented 3.1%, 2.6% and 3.5% of consolidated net revenues in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. If the prospective Member Co-Payment subsidies received differ from the amounts based on actual prescription claims, the difference is recorded in either accounts receivable or accrued expenses. We account for CMS obligations and Member Co-Payments (including the amounts subsidized by CMS) using the gross method consistent with our revenue recognition policies for Mail Co-Payments and Retail Co-Payments. We have recorded estimates of various assets and liabilities arising from our participation in the Medicare Part D program based on information in our claims management and enrollment systems. Significant estimates arising from our participation in the Medicare Part D program include: (i) estimates of low-income cost subsidy and reinsurance amounts ultimately payable to or receivable from CMS based on a detailed claims reconciliation, (ii) an estimate of amounts payable to CMS under a risk-sharing feature of the Medicare Part D program design, referred to as the risk corridor and (iii) estimates for claims that have been reported and are in the process of being paid or contested and for our estimate of claims that have been incurred but have not yet been reported. Actual amounts of Medicare Part D-related assets and liabilities could differ significantly from amounts recorded. Historically, the effect of these adjustments has not been material to our results of operations or financial position.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment

 

Our Retail Pharmacy segment recognizes revenue from the sale of merchandise (other than prescription drugs) at the time the merchandise is purchased by the retail customer. We recognize revenue from the sale of prescription drugs at the time the prescription is filled, which is or approximates when the retail customer picks up the prescription. Customer returns are not material. Revenue from the performance of services in our health care clinics is recognized at the time the services are performed.

 

We have not made any material changes in the way we recognize revenue during the past three years.

 

Vendor Allowances and Purchase Discounts

 

Pharmacy Services Segment

 

Our Pharmacy Services segment receives purchase discounts on products purchased. Contractual arrangements with vendors, including manufacturers, wholesalers and retail pharmacies, normally provide for the Pharmacy Services segment to receive purchase discounts from established list prices in one, or a combination of, the following forms: (i) a direct discount at the time of purchase, (ii) a discount for the prompt payment of invoices or (iii) when products are purchased indirectly from a manufacturer (e.g., through a wholesaler or retail pharmacy), a discount (or rebate) paid subsequent to dispensing. These rebates are recognized when prescriptions are dispensed and are generally calculated and billed to manufacturers within 30 days of the end of each completed quarter. Historically, the effect of adjustments resulting from the reconciliation of rebates recognized to the amounts billed and collected has not been material to the results of operations. We account for the effect of any such differences as a change in accounting estimate in the period the reconciliation is completed. The Pharmacy Services segment also receives additional discounts under its wholesaler contract if it exceeds contractually defined annual purchase volumes. In addition, the Pharmacy Services segment receives fees from pharmaceutical manufacturers for administrative services. Purchase discounts and administrative service fees are recorded as a reduction of “Cost of revenues”.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment

 

Vendor allowances received by the Retail Pharmacy segment reduce the carrying cost of inventory and are recognized in cost of revenues when the related inventory is sold, unless they are specifically identified as a reimbursement of incremental costs for promotional programs and/or other services provided. Amounts that are directly linked to advertising commitments are recognized as a reduction of advertising expense (included in operating expenses) when the related advertising commitment is satisfied. Any such allowances received in excess of the actual cost incurred also reduce the carrying cost of inventory. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are linked to purchase commitments is initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues over the life of the contract based upon purchase volume. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are not linked to purchase commitments is also initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues on a straight-line basis over the life of the related contract.

 

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We have not made any material changes in the way we account for vendor allowances and purchase discounts during the past three years.

 

Inventory

 

Our inventory is stated at the lower of cost or market on a first-in, first-out basis using the retail method of accounting to determine cost of sales and inventory in our CVS/pharmacy stores, weighted average cost to determine cost of sales and inventory in our mail service and specialty pharmacies and the cost method of accounting on a first-in, first-out basis to determine inventory in our distribution centers. Under the retail method, inventory is stated at cost, which is determined by applying a cost-to-retail ratio to the ending retail value of our inventory. Since the retail value of our inventory is adjusted on a regular basis to reflect current market conditions, our carrying value should approximate the lower of cost or market. In addition, we reduce the value of our ending inventory for estimated inventory losses that have occurred during the interim period between physical inventory counts. Physical inventory counts are taken on a regular basis in each store and a continuous cycle count process is the primary procedure used to validate the inventory balances on hand in each distribution center and mail facility to ensure that the amounts reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are properly stated. The accounting for inventory contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the inventory losses that have occurred during the interim period between physical inventory counts. When estimating these losses, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical physical inventory results on a location-by-location basis and current physical inventory loss trends.

 

Our total reserve for estimated inventory losses covered by this critical accounting policy was $179 million as of December 31, 2011. Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for estimated inventory losses, it is possible that actual results could differ. In order to help you assess the aggregate risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimated inventory losses, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our total reserve for estimated inventory losses by about $18 million as of December 31, 2011.

 

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our inventory loss reserves during the past three years. Although we believe that the estimates discussed above are reasonable and the related calculations conform to generally accepted accounting principles, actual results could differ from our estimates, and such differences could be material.

 

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

 

Identifiable intangible assets consist primarily of trademarks, client contracts and relationships, favorable leases and covenants not to compete. These intangible assets arise primarily from the allocation of the purchase price of businesses acquired to identifiable intangible assets based on their respective fair market values at the date of acquisition.

 

Amounts assigned to identifiable intangible assets, and their related useful lives, are derived from established valuation techniques and management estimates. Goodwill represents the excess of amounts paid for acquisitions over the fair value of the net identifiable assets acquired.

 

We evaluate the recoverability of certain long-lived assets, including intangible assets with finite lives, but excluding goodwill and intangible assets with indefinite lives, which are tested for impairment using separate tests, whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. We group and evaluate these long-lived assets for impairment at the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. When evaluating these long-lived assets for potential impairment, we first compare the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss calculation is prepared. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). If required, an impairment loss is recorded for the portion of the asset group’s carrying value that exceeds the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). Our long-lived asset impairment loss calculation contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate each asset group’s future sales, profitability and cash flows. When preparing these estimates, we consider historical results and current operating trends and our consolidated sales, profitability and cash flow results and forecasts.

 

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These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic and regulatory conditions, efforts of third party organizations to reduce their prescription drug costs and/or increased member co-payments, the continued efforts of competitors to gain market share and consumer spending patterns.

 

Goodwill and indefinitely-lived intangible assets are subject to annual impairment reviews, or more frequent reviews if events or circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable.

 

Indefinitely-lived intangible assets are tested by comparing the estimated fair value of the asset to its carrying value. If the carrying value of the asset exceeds its estimated fair value, an impairment loss is recognized and the asset is written down to its estimated fair value.

 

Our indefinitely-lived intangible asset impairment loss calculation contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the fair value based on the assumption that in lieu of ownership of an intangible asset, the Company would be willing to pay a royalty in order to utilize the benefits of the asset. Value is estimated by discounting the hypothetical royalty payments to their present value over the estimated economic life of the asset. These estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic conditions, availability of market information as well as the profitability of the Company.

 

Goodwill is tested for impairment on a reporting unit basis using a two-step process. The first step of the impairment test is to identify potential impairment by comparing the reporting unit’s fair value with its net book value (or carrying amount), including goodwill. The fair value of our reporting units is estimated using a combination of the discounted cash flow valuation model and comparable market transaction models. If the fair value of the reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, the reporting unit’s goodwill is not considered to be impaired and the second step of the impairment test is not performed. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s carrying amount exceeds its fair value, the second step of the impairment test is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. The second step of the impairment test compares the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of the goodwill. If the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s goodwill exceeds the implied fair value of the goodwill, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

 

The determination of the fair value of our reporting units requires the Company to make significant assumptions and estimates. These assumptions and estimates primarily include, but are not limited to, the selection of appropriate peer group companies; control premiums and valuation multiples appropriate for acquisitions in the industries in which the Company competes; discount rates, terminal growth rates; and forecasts of revenue, operating profit, depreciation and amortization, capital expenditures and future working capital requirements. When determining these assumptions and preparing these estimates, we consider each reporting unit’s historical results and current operating trends and our consolidated revenues, profitability and cash flow results and forecasts. Our estimates can be affected by a number of factors including, but not limited to, general economic and regulatory conditions, our market capitalization, efforts of third party organizations to reduce their prescription drug costs and/or increase member co-payments, the continued efforts of competitors to gain market share and consumer spending patterns.

 

The carrying value of goodwill and other intangible assets covered by this critical accounting policy was $26.5 billion and $9.9 billion as of December 31, 2011, respectively. We did not record any impairment losses related to goodwill or other intangible assets during 2011, 2010 or 2009. During the third quarter of 2011, we performed our required annual impairment tests of goodwill and indefinitely-lived trademarks. The results of the impairment tests concluded that there was no impairment of goodwill or trademarks. The goodwill impairment test resulted in the fair value of our Retail Pharmacy reporting unit exceeding its carrying value by a substantial margin and the fair value of our Pharmacy Services reporting unit exceeding its carrying value by approximately 15%. The carrying value of goodwill as of December 31, 2011, in our Retail Pharmacy and Pharmacy Services reporting units was $6.8 billion and $19.7 billion, respectively.

 

Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to test for impairment, it is possible that actual results could differ from the estimates used in our impairment tests.

 

We have not made any material changes in the methodologies utilized to test the carrying values of goodwill and intangible assets for impairment during the past three years.

 

Closed Store Lease Liability

 

We account for closed store lease termination costs when a leased store is closed. When a leased store is closed, we record a liability for the estimated present value of the remaining obligation under the noncancelable lease, which includes future real estate taxes, common area maintenance and other charges, if applicable. The liability is reduced by estimated future sublease income.

 

The initial calculation and subsequent evaluations of our closed store lease liability contain uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the timing and duration of future vacancy periods, the amount and timing of future lump sum settlement payments and the

 

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amount and timing of potential future sublease income. When estimating these potential termination costs and their related timing, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical settlement experience, the owner of the property, the location and condition of the property, the terms of the underlying lease, the specific marketplace demand and general economic conditions.

 

Our total closed store lease liability covered by this critical accounting policy was $430 million as of December 31, 2011. This amount is net of $239 million of estimated sublease income that is subject to the uncertainties discussed above. Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for sublease income, it is possible that actual results could differ.

 

In order to help you assess the risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimated sublease income, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our total closed store lease liability by about $24 million as of December 31, 2011.

 

We have not made any material changes in the reserve methodology used to record closed store lease reserves during the past three years.

 

Self-Insurance Liabilities

 

We are self-insured for certain losses related to general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability, although we maintain stop loss coverage with third party insurers to limit our total liability exposure. We are also self-insured for certain losses related to health and medical liabilities.

 

The estimate of our self-insurance liability contains uncertainty since we must use judgment to estimate the ultimate cost that will be incurred to settle reported claims and unreported claims for incidents incurred but not reported as of the balance sheet date. When estimating our self-insurance liability, we consider a number of factors, which include, but are not limited to, historical claim experience, demographic factors, severity factors and other standard insurance industry actuarial assumptions. On a quarterly basis, we review to determine if our self-insurance liability is adequate as it relates to our general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability. Similar reviews are conducted semi-annually to determine if our self-insurance liability is adequate for our health and medical liability.

 

Our total self-insurance liability covered by this critical accounting policy was $509 million as of December 31, 2011. Although we believe we have sufficient current and historical information available to us to record reasonable estimates for our self-insurance liability, it is possible that actual results could differ. In order to help you assess the risk, if any, associated with the uncertainties discussed above, a ten percent (10%) pre-tax change in our estimate for our self-insurance liability, which we believe is a reasonably likely change, would increase or decrease our self-insurance liability by about $51 million as of December 31, 2011.

 

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our self-insurance liability during the past three years.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2010-06, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures: Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements, (“ASU 2010-06”). ASU 2010-06 expanded the required disclosures about fair value measurements by requiring (i) separate disclosure of the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements along with the reasons for such transfers, (ii) information about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements to be presented separately in the reconciliation for Level 3 fair value measurements, (iii) expanded fair value measurement disclosures for each class of assets and liabilities, and (iv) disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements that fall in either Level 2 or Level 3. ASU 2010-06 was effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for (ii) above which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 did not have a material impact on our financial statement disclosures.

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2011-05”). ASU 2011-05 eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of shareholders’ equity. Instead, an entity will have the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 also required entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement in which net income is presented and the statement in which other comprehensive is presented. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12 Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassification of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, which

 

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indefinitely defers the guidance related to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. ASU 2011-05 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. The Company is still evaluating which of the two alternatives it will apply in reporting comprehensive income. Neither alternative is expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and neither alternative will have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or cash flows.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Testing Goodwill for Impairment (“ASU 2011-08”). ASU 2011-08 allows entities to use a qualitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If after performing the qualitative assessment an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step goodwill impairment test is unnecessary. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. We do not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have a material impact on our consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-09, Disclosures about an Employer’s Participation in a Multiemployer Plan (“ASU 2011-09”). ASU 2011-09 requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures of entities who participate in multiemployer pension and other postretirement plans. ASU 2011-09 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. The adoption of ASU 2011-09 did not have a material impact on our financial statement disclosures.

 

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Cautionary Statement Concerning Forward-Looking Statements

 

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 (the “Reform Act”) provides a safe harbor for forward-looking statements made by or on behalf of CVS Caremark Corporation. The Company and its representatives may, from time to time, make written or verbal forward-looking statements, including statements contained in the Company’s filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) and in its reports to stockholders. Generally, the inclusion of the words “believe,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “project,” “anticipate,” “will,” “should” and similar expressions identify statements that constitute forward-looking statements. All statements addressing operating performance of CVS Caremark Corporation or any subsidiary, events or developments that the Company expects or anticipates will occur in the future, including statements relating to revenue growth, earnings or earnings per common share growth, adjusted earnings or adjusted earnings per common share growth, free cash flow, debt ratings, inventory levels, inventory turn and loss rates, store development, relocations and new market entries, PBM business and sales trends, Medicare Part D competitive bidding and enrollment and new product development, as well as statements expressing optimism or pessimism about future operating results or events, are forward-looking statements within the meaning of the Reform Act.

 

The forward-looking statements are and will be based upon management’s then-current views and assumptions regarding future events and operating performance, and are applicable only as of the dates of such statements. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events, or otherwise.

 

By their nature, all forward-looking statements involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results may differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements for a number of reasons, including, but not limited to:

 

·       Risks relating to the health of the economy in general and in the markets we serve, which could impact consumer purchasing power, preferences and/or spending patterns, drug utilization trends, the financial health of our PBM clients and our ability to secure necessary financing, suitable store locations and sale-leaseback transactions on acceptable terms

 

·       Efforts to reduce reimbursement levels and alter health care financing practices, including pressure to reduce reimbursement levels for generic drugs.

 

·       The possibility of PBM client loss and/or the failure to win new PBM business.

 

·       Risks related to the frequency and rate of the introduction of generic drugs and brand name prescription products.

 

·       Risks of declining gross margins in the PBM industry attributable to increased competitive pressures, increased client demand for lower prices, enhanced service offerings and/or higher service levels and market dynamics and regulatory changes that impact our ability to offer plan sponsors pricing that includes the use of retail “differential” or “spread.”

 

·       Regulatory and business changes relating to our participation in Medicare Part D.

 

·       Possible changes in industry pricing benchmarks.

 

·       An extremely competitive business environment.

 

·       Reform of the U.S. health care system.

 

·       Risks relating to our failure to properly maintain our information technology systems, our information security systems and our infrastructure to support our business and to protect the privacy and security of sensitive customer and business information.

 

·       Risks related to compliance with a broad and complex regulatory framework, including compliance with new and existing federal, state and local laws and regulations relating to health care, accounting standards, corporate securities, tax, environmental and other laws and regulations affecting our business.

 

·       Risks related to litigation and other legal proceedings as they relate to our business, the pharmacy services, retail pharmacy or retail clinic industry or to the health care industry generally.

 

·       Other risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

 

The foregoing list is not exhaustive. There can be no assurance that the Company has correctly identified and appropriately assessed all factors affecting its business. Additional risks and uncertainties not presently known to the Company or that it currently believes to be immaterial also may adversely impact the Company. Should any risks and uncertainties develop into actual events, these developments could have a material adverse effect on the Company’s business, financial condition and results of operations. For these reasons, you are cautioned not to place undue reliance on the Company’s forward-looking statements.

 

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Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

We are responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Our Company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that pertain to the Company’s ability to record, process, summarize and report a system of internal accounting controls and procedures to provide reasonable assurance, at an appropriate cost/benefit relationship, that the unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of assets are prevented or timely detected and that transactions are authorized, recorded and reported properly to permit the preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and receipt and expenditures are duly authorized. In order to ensure the Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective, management regularly assesses such controls and did so most recently for its financial reporting as of December 31, 2011.

 

We conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting based on the criteria set forth in Internal Control-Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. This evaluation included review of the documentation, evaluation of the design effectiveness and testing of the operating effectiveness of controls. Our system of internal control over financial reporting is enhanced by periodic reviews by our internal auditors, written policies and procedures and a written Code of Conduct adopted by our Company’s Board of Directors, applicable to all employees of our Company. In addition, we have an internal Disclosure Committee, comprised of management from each functional area within the Company, which performs a separate review of our disclosure controls and procedures. There are inherent limitations in the effectiveness of any system of internal controls over financial reporting.

 

Based on our assessment, we conclude our Company’s internal control over financial reporting is effective and provides reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and that the financial records are reliable for preparing financial statements as of December 31, 2011.

 

Ernst & Young LLP, independent registered public accounting firm, is appointed by the Board of Directors and ratified by our Company’s shareholders. They were engaged to render an opinion regarding the fair presentation of our consolidated financial statements as well as conducting an audit of internal control over financial reporting. Their accompanying report is based upon an audit conducted in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States).

 

 

February 17, 2012

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

 

The Board of Directors and Shareholders

CVS Caremark Corporation

 

We have audited CVS Caremark Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (the COSO criteria). CVS Caremark Corporation’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on CVS Caremark Corporation’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

 

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk, and performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

 

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

In our opinion, CVS Caremark Corporation maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2011, based on the COSO criteria.

 

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of CVS Caremark Corporation as of December 31, 2011 and 2010 and the related consolidated statements of income, shareholders’ equity and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2011 of CVS Caremark Corporation and our report dated February 17, 2012 expressed an unqualified opinion thereon.

 

 

/s/ Ernst & Young LLP

 

 

Boston, Massachusetts

 

February 17, 2012

 

 

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Consolidated Statements of Income

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions, except per share amounts 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Net revenues

 

$

107,100

 

$

95,778

 

$

98,215

 

Cost of revenues

 

86,539

 

75,559

 

77,857

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Gross profit

 

20,561

 

20,219

 

20,358

 

Operating expenses

 

14,231

 

14,082

 

13,933

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating profit

 

6,330

 

6,137

 

6,425

 

Interest expense, net

 

584

 

536

 

525

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income before income tax provision

 

5,746

 

5,601

 

5,900

 

Income tax provision

 

2,258

 

2,179

 

2,200

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations

 

3,488

 

3,422

 

3,700

 

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 

(31

)

2

 

(4

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

3,457

 

3,424

 

3,696

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

4

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

3,461

 

$

3,427

 

$

3,696

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Basic earnings per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.61

 

$

2.51

 

$

2.58

 

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

(0.02

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.59

 

$

2.51

 

$

2.58

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

1,338

 

1,367

 

1,434

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Diluted earnings per common share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income from continuing operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.59

 

$

2.49

 

$

2.55

 

Loss from discontinued operations attributable to CVS Caremark

 

(0.02

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

$

2.57

 

$

2.49

 

$

2.55

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted average common shares outstanding

 

1,347

 

1,377

 

1,450

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Dividends declared per common share

 

$

0.500

 

$

0.350

 

$

0.305

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

24



 

Consolidated Balance Sheets

 

 

 

December 31,

 

In millions, except per share amounts 

 

2011

 

2010

 

Assets:

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents

 

$

1,413

 

$

1,427

 

Short-term investments

 

5

 

4

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

6,047

 

4,925

 

Inventories

 

10,046

 

10,695

 

Deferred income taxes

 

503

 

511

 

Other current assets

 

580

 

144

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current assets

 

18,594

 

17,706

 

Property and equipment, net

 

8,467

 

8,322

 

Goodwill

 

26,458

 

25,669

 

Intangible assets, net

 

9,869

 

9,784

 

Other assets

 

1,155

 

688

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$

64,543

 

$

62,169

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Liabilities:

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts payable

 

$

4,370

 

$

4,026

 

Claims and discounts payable

 

3,487

 

2,569

 

Accrued expenses

 

3,293

 

3,070

 

Short-term debt

 

750

 

300

 

Current portion of long-term debt

 

56

 

1,105

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total current liabilities

 

11,956

 

11,070

 

Long-term debt

 

9,208

 

8,652

 

Deferred income taxes

 

3,853

 

3,655

 

Other long-term liabilities

 

1,445

 

1,058

 

Commitments and contingencies (Note 13)

 

 

 

 

 

Redeemable noncontrolling interest

 

30

 

34

 

Shareholders’ equity:

 

 

 

 

 

Preferred stock, par value $0.01: 0.1 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding

 

 

 

Common stock, par value $0.01: 3,200 shares authorized; 1,640 shares issued and 1,298 shares outstanding at December 31, 2011 and 1,624 shares issued and 1,363 shares outstanding at December 31, 2010

 

16

 

16

 

Treasury stock, at cost: 340 shares at December 31, 2011 and 259 shares at December 31, 2010

 

(11,953

)

(9,030

)

Shares held in trust: 2 shares at December 31, 2011 and 2010

 

(56

)

(56

)

Capital surplus

 

28,126

 

27,610

 

Retained earnings

 

22,090

 

19,303

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

 

(172

)

(143

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

 

38,051

 

37,700

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

 

$

64,543

 

$

62,169

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

25



 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Cash flows from operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash receipts from customers

 

$

97,688

 

$

94,503

 

$

93,568

 

Cash paid for inventory and prescriptions dispensed by retail network pharmacies

 

(75,148

)

(73,143

)

(73,536

)

Cash paid to other suppliers and employees

 

(13,635

)

(13,778

)

(13,121

)

Interest received

 

4

 

4

 

5

 

Interest paid

 

(647

)

(583

)

(542

)

Income taxes paid

 

(2,406

)

(2,224

)

(2,339

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

5,856

 

4,779

 

4,035

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from investing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Purchases of property and equipment

 

(1,872

)

(2,005

)

(2,548

)

Proceeds from sale-leaseback transactions

 

592

 

507

 

1,562

 

Proceeds from sale of property and equipment

 

4

 

34

 

23

 

Acquisitions (net of cash acquired) and other investments

 

(1,441

)

(177

)

(101

)

Purchase of available-for-sale investments

 

(3

)

 

(5

)

Sale or maturity of available-for-sale investments

 

60

 

1

 

 

Proceeds from sale of subsidiary

 

250

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in investing activities

 

(2,410

)

(1,640

)

(1,069

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash flows from financing activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Increase (decrease) in short-term debt

 

450

 

(15

)

(2,729

)

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt

 

1,463

 

991

 

2,800

 

Repayments of long-term debt

 

(2,122

)

(2,103

)

(653

)

Dividends paid

 

(674

)

(479

)

(439

)

Derivative settlements

 

(19

)

(5

)

(3

)

Proceeds from exercise of stock options

 

431

 

285

 

250

 

Excess tax benefits from stock-based compensation

 

21

 

28

 

19

 

Repurchase of common stock

 

(3,001

)

(1,500

)

(2,477

)

Other

 

(9

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash used in financing activities

 

(3,460

)

(2,798

)

(3,232

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

 

(14

)

341

 

(266

)

Cash and cash equivalents at the beginning of the year

 

1,427

 

1,086

 

1,352

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the year

 

$

1,413

 

$

1,427

 

$

1,086

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Reconciliation of net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

$

3,457

 

$

3,424

 

$

3,696

 

Adjustments required to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

1,568

 

1,469

 

1,389

 

Stock-based compensation

 

135

 

150

 

165

 

Gain on sale of subsidiary

 

(53

)

 

 

Deferred income taxes and other noncash items

 

144

 

30

 

48

 

Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects from acquisitions:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accounts receivable, net

 

(748

)

532

 

(86

)

Inventories

 

607

 

(352

)

(1,199

)

Other current assets

 

(420

)

(4

)

48

 

Other assets

 

(49

)

(210

)

(2

)

Accounts payable

 

1,128

 

(40

)

4

 

Accrued expenses

 

85

 

(176

)

(66

)

Other long-term liabilities

 

2

 

(44

)

38

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

$

5,856

 

$

4,779

 

$

4,035

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

26



 

Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity

 

 

 

Shares

 

Dollars

 

 

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

Year Ended December 31,

 

In millions 

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Preference stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

 

 

4

 

$

 

$

 

$

191

 

Conversion to common stock

 

 

 

(4

)

 

 

(191

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

 

 

 

$

 

$

 

$

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Common stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

1,624

 

1,612

 

1,603

 

$

16

 

$

16

 

$

16

 

Stock options exercised and issuance of stock awards

 

16

 

12

 

9

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

1,640

 

1,624

 

1,612

 

$

16

 

$

16

 

$

16

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Treasury stock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

(259

)

(219

)

(165

)

$

(9,030

)

$

(7,610

)

$

(5,812

)

Purchase of treasury shares

 

(84

)

(42

)

(73

)

(3,001

)

(1,500

)

(2,477

)

Conversion of preference stock

 

 

 

17

 

 

 

583

 

Employee stock purchase plan issuances

 

3

 

2

 

2

 

78

 

80

 

96

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

(340

)

(259

)

(219

)

$

(11,953

)

$

(9,030

)

$

(7,610

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Shares held in trust:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

(2

)

(2

)

(2

)

$

(56

)

$

(56

)

$

(56

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

(2

)

(2

)

(2

)

$

(56

)

$

(56

)

$

(56

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capital surplus:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

27,610

 

$

27,198

 

$

27,280

 

Stock option activity and stock awards

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

495

 

384

 

291

 

Tax benefit on stock options and stock awards

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

21

 

28

 

19

 

Conversion of preference stock

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(392

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

28,126

 

$

27,610

 

$

27,198

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Retained earnings:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

19,303

 

$

16,355

 

$

13,098

 

Net income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,461

 

3,427

 

3,696

 

Common stock dividends

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(674

)

(479

)

(439

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

22,090

 

$

19,303

 

$

16,355

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Beginning of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(143

)

$

(135

)

$

(143

)

Net cash flow hedges, net of income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9

)

(1

)

1

 

Pension liability adjustment, net of income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20

)

(7

)

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

End of year

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

(172

)

$

(143

)

$

(135

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total shareholders’ equity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

38,051

 

$

37,700

 

$

35,768

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

3,457

 

$

3,424

 

$

3,696

 

Other comprehensive income:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Net cash flow hedges, net of income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(9

)

(1

)

1

 

Pension liability adjustment, net of income tax

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(20

)

(7

)

7

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

3,428

 

3,416

 

3,704

 

Comprehensive loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

4

 

3

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Comprehensive income attributable to CVS Caremark

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

3,432

 

$

3,419

 

$

3,704

 

 

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

27



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

 

1                          Significant Accounting Policies

 

Description of business - CVS Caremark Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) is the largest pharmacy health care provider in the United States based upon revenues and prescriptions filled. The Company currently has three reportable business segments, Pharmacy Services, Retail Pharmacy and Corporate, which are described below.

 

Pharmacy Services Segment (the “PSS”) - The PSS provides a full range of pharmacy benefit management services including mail order pharmacy services, specialty pharmacy services, plan design and administration, formulary management and claims processing. The Company’s clients are primarily employers, insurance companies, unions, government employee groups, managed care organizations and other sponsors of health benefit plans and individuals throughout the United States.

 

As a pharmacy benefits manager, the PSS manages the dispensing of pharmaceuticals through the Company’s mail order pharmacies and national network of approximately 65,000 retail pharmacies to eligible members in the benefits plans maintained by the Company’s clients and utilizes its information systems to perform, among other things, safety checks, drug interaction screenings and brand to generic substitutions.

 

The PSS’ specialty pharmacies support individuals that require complex and expensive drug therapies. The specialty pharmacy business includes mail order and retail specialty pharmacies that operate under the CVS Caremark® and CarePlus CVS/pharmacy® names.

 

The PSS also provides health management programs, which include integrated disease management for 28 conditions, through our strategic alliance with Alere, L.L.C. and the Company’s Accordant® health management offering.

 

In addition, through the Company’s SilverScript Insurance Company (“SilverScript”), Accendo Insurance Company (“Accendo”) and Pennsylvania Life Insurance Company (“Pennsylvania Life”) subsidiaries, the PSS is a national provider of drug benefits to eligible beneficiaries under the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program.

 

The PSS generates net revenues primarily by contracting with clients to provide prescription drugs to plan members. Prescription drugs are dispensed by the mail order pharmacies, specialty pharmacies and national network of retail pharmacies. Net revenues are also generated by providing additional services to clients, including administrative services such as claims processing and formulary management, as well as health care related services such as disease management.

 

The pharmacy services business operates under the CVS Caremark® Pharmacy Services, Caremark®, CVS Caremark®, CarePlus CVS/pharmacy®, CarePlusTM, RxAmerica® and Accordant® names. As of December 31, 2011, the PSS operated 31 retail specialty pharmacy stores, 12 specialty mail order pharmacies and four mail service pharmacies located in 22 states, Puerto Rico and the District of Columbia.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment (the “RPS”) - The RPS sells prescription drugs and a wide assortment of general merchandise, including over-the-counter drugs, beauty products and cosmetics, photo finishing, seasonal merchandise, greeting cards and convenience foods, through the Company’s CVS/pharmacy® and Longs Drugs® retail stores and online through CVS.com®.

 

The RPS also provides health care services through its MinuteClinic® health care clinics. MinuteClinics are staffed by nurse practitioners and physician assistants who utilize nationally recognized protocols to diagnose and treat minor health conditions, perform health screenings, monitor chronic conditions and deliver vaccinations.

 

As of December 31, 2011, the retail pharmacy business included 7,327 retail drugstores (of which 7,271 operated a pharmacy) located in 41 states the District of Columbia and Puerto Rico operating primarily under the CVS/pharmacy® name, the online retail website, CVS.com and 657 retail health care clinics operating under the MinuteClinic® name (of which 648 were located in CVS/pharmacy stores).

 

Corporate Segment - The Corporate segment provides management and administrative services to support the Company. The Corporate segment consists of certain aspects of the Company’s executive management, corporate relations, legal, compliance, human resources, corporate information technology and finance departments.

 

28



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Principles of Consolidation - The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its majority owned subsidiaries. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

 

Use of estimates - The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

Fair Value Hierarchy - The Company utilizes the three-level valuation hierarchy for the recognition and disclosure of fair value measurements. The categorization of assets and liabilities within this hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the measurement of fair value. The three levels of the hierarchy consist of the following:

 

·          Level 1 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

 

·          Level 2 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices in markets that are not active or inputs that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the instrument.

 

·          Level 3 - Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable inputs based upon management’s best estimate of inputs market participants could use in pricing the asset or liability at the measurement date, including assumptions about risk.

 

Cash and cash equivalents - Cash and cash equivalents consist of cash and temporary investments with maturities of three months or less when purchased. The Company invests in short-term money market funds, commercial paper, time deposits, as well as other debt securities that are classified as cash equivalents within the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, as these funds are highly liquid and readily convertible to known amounts of cash. These investments are classified within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy because they are valued using quoted market prices.

 

Short-term investments - The Company’s short-term investments consist of certificate of deposits with initial maturities of greater than three months when purchased. These investments, which were classified as available-for-sale within Level 1 of the fair value hierarchy, were carried at historical cost, which approximated fair value at December 31, 2011 and 2010.

 

Fair value of financial instruments - As of December 31, 2011, the Company’s financial instruments include cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable and short-term debt. Due to the short-term nature of these instruments, the Company’s carrying value approximates fair value. The carrying amount and estimated fair value of total long-term debt was $9.3 billion and $10.8 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2011. The fair value of long-term debt was estimated based on rates currently offered to the Company for debt with similar terms and maturities. The Company had outstanding letters of credit, which guaranteed foreign trade purchases, with a fair value of $6 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010. There were no outstanding derivative financial instruments as of December 31, 2011 and 2010.

 

Accounts receivable - Accounts receivable are stated net of an allowance for doubtful accounts. The accounts receivable balance primarily includes trade amounts due from third party providers (e.g., pharmacy benefit managers, insurance companies and governmental agencies), clients and members, as well as vendors and manufacturers.

 

The activity in the allowance for doubtful trade accounts receivable is as follows:

 

 

 

Year Ended
December 31,

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Beginning balance

 

$

182

 

$

224

 

$

189

 

Additions charged to bad debt expense

 

129

 

73

 

135

 

Write-offs charged to allowance

 

(122

)

(115

)

(100

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance

 

$

189

 

$

182

 

$

224

 

 

29



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Inventories - Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market on a first-in, first-out basis using the retail inventory method in the retail pharmacy stores, the weighted average cost method in the mail service and specialty pharmacies, and the cost method on a first-in, first-out basis in the distribution centers. Physical inventory counts are taken on a regular basis in each store and a continuous cycle count process is the primary procedure used to validate the inventory balances on hand in each distribution center and mail facility to ensure that the amounts reflected in the accompanying consolidated financial statements are properly stated. During the interim period between physical inventory counts, the Company accrues for anticipated physical inventory losses on a location-by-location basis based on historical results and current trends.

 

Property and equipment - Property, equipment and improvements to leased premises are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets, or when applicable, the term of the lease, whichever is shorter. Estimated useful lives generally range from 10 to 40 years for buildings, building improvements and leasehold improvements and 3 to 10 years for fixtures, equipment and internally developed software. Repair and maintenance costs are charged directly to expense as incurred. Major renewals or replacements that substantially extend the useful life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated. Application development stage costs for significant internally developed software projects are capitalized and depreciated.

 

The following are the components of property and equipment at December 31:

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010

 

Land

 

$

1,295

 

$

1,247

 

Building and improvements

 

2,404

 

2,265

 

Fixtures and equipment

 

7,582

 

7,148

 

Leasehold improvements

 

3,021

 

2,866

 

Software

 

1,098

 

757

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

15,400

 

14,283

 

Accumulated depreciation and amortization

 

(6,933

)

(5,961

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

8,467

 

$

8,322

 

 

The gross amount of property and equipment under capital leases was $211 million and $191 million as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 

Goodwill - Goodwill and other indefinite-lived assets are not amortized, but are subject to impairment reviews annually, or more frequently if necessary. See Note 4 for additional information on goodwill.

 

Intangible assets - Purchased customer contracts and relationships are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives between 10 and 20 years. Purchased customer lists are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives of up to 10 years. Purchased leases are amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining life of the lease. See Note 4 for additional information about intangible assets.

 

Impairment of long-lived assets - The Company groups and evaluates fixed and finite-lived intangible assets, excluding goodwill, for impairment at the lowest level at which individual cash flows can be identified. When evaluating assets for potential impairment, the Company first compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the estimated future cash flows associated with the asset group (undiscounted and without interest charges). If the estimated future cash flows used in this analysis are less than the carrying amount of the asset group, an impairment loss calculation is prepared. The impairment loss calculation compares the carrying amount of the asset group to the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges). If required, an impairment loss is recorded for the portion of the asset group’s carrying value that exceeds the asset group’s estimated future cash flows (discounted and with interest charges).

 

30



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Redeemable noncontrolling interest - The Company has an approximately 60% ownership interest in Generation Health, Inc. (“Generation Health”) and consolidates Generation Health in its consolidated financial statements. The noncontrolling shareholders of Generation Health hold put rights for the remaining interest in Generation Health that if exercised would require the Company to purchase the remaining interest in Generation Health in 2015 for a minimum of $27 million and a maximum of $159 million, depending on certain financial metrics of Generation Health in 2014. Since the noncontrolling shareholders of Generation Health have a redemption feature as a result of the put rights, the Company has classified the redeemable noncontrolling interest in Generation Health in the mezzanine section of the consolidated balance sheet outside of shareholders’ equity. The Company initially recorded the redeemable noncontrolling interest at a fair value of $37 million on the date of acquisition which was determined using inputs classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. At the end of each reporting period, if the estimated accreted redemption value exceeds the carrying value of the noncontrolling interest, the difference is recorded as a reduction of retained earnings. Any such reductions in retained earnings would also reduce income attributable to CVS Caremark in the Company’s earnings per share calculations.

 

The following is a reconciliation of the changes in the redeemable noncontrolling interest:

 

In millions

 

2011

 

2010

 

2009

 

Beginning balance

 

$

34

 

$

37

 

$

 

Acquisition of Generation Health

 

 

 

37

 

Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interest

 

(4

)

(3

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ending balance

 

$

30

 

$

34

 

$

37

 

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS sells prescription drugs directly through its mail service pharmacies and indirectly through its retail pharmacy network. The PSS recognizes revenues from prescription drugs sold by its mail service pharmacies and under retail pharmacy network contracts where the PSS is the principal using the gross method at the contract prices negotiated with its clients. Net revenue from the PSS includes: (i) the portion of the price the client pays directly to the PSS, net of any volume-related or other discounts paid back to the client (see “Drug Discounts” later in this document), (ii) the price paid to the PSS (“Mail Co-Payments”) or a third party pharmacy in the PSS’ retail pharmacy network (“Retail Co-Payments”) by individuals included in its clients’ benefit plans, and (iii) administrative fees for retail pharmacy network contracts where the PSS is not the principal as discussed below.

 

The PSS recognizes revenue when: (i) persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, (ii) delivery has occurred or services have been rendered, (iii) the seller’s price to the buyer is fixed or determinable, and (iv) collectability is reasonably assured. The Company has established the following revenue recognition policies for the PSS:

 

·          Revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by mail service pharmacies are recognized when the prescription is shipped. At the time of shipment, the Company has performed substantially all of its obligations under its client contracts and does not experience a significant level of reshipments.

 

·          Revenues generated from prescription drugs sold by third party pharmacies in the PSS’ retail pharmacy network and associated administrative fees are recognized at the PSS’ point-of-sale, which is when the claim is adjudicated by the PSS’ online claims processing system.

 

The PSS determines whether it is the principal or agent for its retail pharmacy network transactions on a contract by contract basis. In the majority of its contracts, the PSS has determined it is the principal due to it: (i) being the primary obligor in the arrangement, (ii) having latitude in establishing the price, changing the product or performing part of the service, (iii) having discretion in supplier selection, (iv) having involvement in the determination of product or service specifications, and (v) having credit risk. The PSS’ obligations under its client contracts for which revenues are reported using the gross method are separate and distinct from its obligations to the third party pharmacies included in its retail pharmacy network contracts. Pursuant to these contracts, the PSS is contractually required to pay the third party pharmacies in its retail pharmacy network for products sold, regardless of whether the PSS is paid by its clients. The PSS’ responsibilities under its client contracts typically include validating eligibility and coverage levels, communicating the prescription price and the co-payments due to the third party retail pharmacy, identifying possible adverse drug interactions for the pharmacist to address with the physician prior to dispensing, suggesting clinically appropriate generic alternatives where appropriate and approving the prescription for dispensing. Although the PSS does not have credit risk with respect to Retail Co-Payments, management believes that all of the other indicators of gross revenue reporting are present. For contracts under which the PSS acts as an agent, the PSS records revenues using the net method.

 

31



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Drug Discounts - The PSS deducts from its revenues any rebates, inclusive of discounts and fees, earned by its clients. The PSS pays rebates to its clients in accordance with the terms of its client contracts, which are normally based on fixed rebates per prescription for specific products dispensed or a percentage of manufacturer discounts received for specific products dispensed. The liability for rebates due to the PSS’ clients is included in “Claims and discounts payable” in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

 

Medicare Part D - The PSS participates in the Federal Government’s Medicare Part D program as a Prescription Drug Plan (“PDP”). The PSS’ net revenues include insurance premiums earned by the PDP, which are determined based on the PDP’s annual bid and related contractual arrangements with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (“CMS”). The insurance premiums include a beneficiary premium, which is the responsibility of the PDP member, but is subsidized by CMS in the case of low-income members, and a direct premium paid by CMS. Premiums collected in advance are initially deferred in accrued expenses and are then recognized in net revenues over the period in which members are entitled to receive benefits.

 

In addition to these premiums, the PSS’ net revenues include co-payments, coverage gap benefits, deductibles and co-insurance (collectively, the “Member Co-Payments”) related to PDP members’ actual prescription claims. In certain cases, CMS subsidizes a portion of these Member Co-Payments and pays the PSS an estimated prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy amount each month. The prospective Member Co-Payment subsidy amounts received from CMS are also included in the PSS’ net revenues. The Company assumes no risk for these amounts, which represented 3.1%, 2.6% and 3.5% of consolidated net revenues in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. If the prospective Member Co-Payment subsidies received differ from the amounts based on actual prescription claims, the difference is recorded in either accounts receivable or accrued expenses.

 

The PSS accounts for CMS obligations and Member Co-Payments (including the amounts subsidized by CMS) using the gross method consistent with its revenue recognition policies for Mail Co-Payments and Retail Co-Payments (discussed previously in this document). See Note 8 for additional information about Medicare Part D.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment - The RPS recognizes revenue from the sale of merchandise (other than prescription drugs) at the time the merchandise is purchased by the retail customer. Revenue from the sale of prescription drugs is recognized at the time the prescription is filled, which is or approximates when the retail customer picks up the prescription. Customer returns are not material. Revenue generated from the performance of services in the RPS’ health care clinics is recognized at the time the services are performed. See Note 14 for additional information about the revenues of the Company’s business segments.

 

Cost of revenues

 

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS’ cost of revenues includes: (i) the cost of prescription drugs sold during the reporting period directly through its mail service pharmacies and indirectly through its retail pharmacy network, (ii) shipping and handling costs, and (iii) the operating costs of its mail service pharmacies and client service operations and related information technology support costs including depreciation and amortization. The cost of prescription drugs sold component of cost of revenues includes: (i) the cost of the prescription drugs purchased from manufacturers or distributors and shipped to members in clients’ benefit plans from the PSS’ mail service pharmacies, net of any volume-related or other discounts (see “Drug Discounts” previously in this document) and (ii) the cost of prescription drugs sold (including Retail Co-Payments) through the PSS’ retail pharmacy network under contracts where it is the principal, net of any volume-related or other discounts.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment - The RPS’ cost of revenues includes: the cost of merchandise sold during the reporting period and the related purchasing costs, warehousing and delivery costs (including depreciation and amortization) and actual and estimated inventory losses. See Note 14 for additional information about the cost of revenues of the Company’s business segments.

 

Vendor allowances and purchase discounts

 

The Company accounts for vendor allowances and purchase discounts as follows:

 

Pharmacy Services Segment - The PSS receives purchase discounts on products purchased. The PSS’ contractual arrangements with vendors, including manufacturers, wholesalers and retail pharmacies, normally provide for the PSS to receive purchase discounts from established list prices in one, or a combination of, the following forms: (i) a direct discount at the time of purchase, (ii) a discount for the prompt payment of invoices, or (iii) when products are purchased indirectly from a manufacturer (e.g., through a wholesaler or retail pharmacy), a discount (or rebate) paid subsequent to dispensing. These rebates are recognized when prescriptions are dispensed and are generally calculated and billed to manufacturers within 30 days of the end of each completed quarter. Historically, the effect of adjustments resulting from the reconciliation of rebates recognized to the amounts billed and collected has not been material to the PSS’ results of operations. The PSS accounts for the effect of any such differences as a change in accounting estimate in the period the

 

32



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

reconciliation is completed. The PSS also receives additional discounts under its wholesaler contract if it exceeds contractually defined annual purchase volumes. In addition, the PSS receives fees from pharmaceutical manufacturers for administrative services. Purchase discounts and administrative service fees are recorded as a reduction of “Cost of revenues”.

 

Retail Pharmacy Segment - Vendor allowances received by the RPS reduce the carrying cost of inventory and are recognized in cost of revenues when the related inventory is sold, unless they are specifically identified as a reimbursement of incremental costs for promotional programs and/or other services provided. Amounts that are directly linked to advertising commitments are recognized as a reduction of advertising expense (included in operating expenses) when the related advertising commitment is satisfied. Any such allowances received in excess of the actual cost incurred also reduce the carrying cost of inventory. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are linked to purchase commitments is initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues over the life of the contract based upon purchase volume. The total value of any upfront payments received from vendors that are not linked to purchase commitments is also initially deferred. The deferred amounts are then amortized to reduce cost of revenues on a straight-line basis over the life of the related contract. The total amortization of these upfront payments was not material to the accompanying consolidated financial statements.

 

Insurance - The Company is self-insured for certain losses related to general liability, workers’ compensation and auto liability. The Company obtains third party insurance coverage to limit exposure from these claims. The Company is also self-insured for certain losses related to health and medical liabilities. The Company’s self-insurance accruals, which include reported claims and claims incurred but not reported, are calculated using standard insurance industry actuarial assumptions and the Company’s historical claims experience.

 

Facility opening and closing costs - New facility opening costs, other than capital expenditures, are charged directly to expense when incurred. When the Company closes a facility, the present value of estimated unrecoverable costs, including the remaining lease obligation less estimated sublease income and the book value of abandoned property and equipment, are charged to expense. The long-term portion of the lease obligations associated with facility closings was $327 million and $368 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 

Advertising costs - Advertising costs are expensed when the related advertising takes place. Advertising costs, net of vendor funding (included in operating expenses), were $211 million, $234 million and $317 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

Interest expense, net - Interest expense, net of capitalized interest, was $588 million, $539 million and $530 million, and interest income was $4 million, $3 million and $5 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively. Capitalized interest totaled $37 million, $47 million and $39 million in 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.

 

Shares held in trust - The Company maintains grantor trusts, which held approximately 2 million shares of its common stock at December 31, 2011 and 2010. These shares are designated for use under various employee compensation plans. Since the Company holds these shares, they are excluded from the computation of basic and diluted shares outstanding.

 

Accumulated other comprehensive loss - Accumulated other comprehensive loss consists of changes in the net actuarial gains and losses associated with pension and other postretirement benefit plans, and unrealized losses on derivatives. The amount included in accumulated other comprehensive loss related to the Company’s pension and postretirement plans was $250 million pre-tax ($152 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2011 and $217 million pre-tax ($132 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2010. The net impact on cash flow hedges totaled $32 million pre-tax ($20 million after-tax) and $18 million pre-tax ($11 million after-tax) as of December 31, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

 

Stock-based compensation - Stock-based compensation expense is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the applicable requisite service period of the stock award (generally 3 to 5 years) using the straight-line method. Stock-based compensation costs are included in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

Income taxes - The Company provides for federal and state income taxes currently payable, as well as for those deferred because of timing differences between reported income and expenses for financial statement purposes versus tax purposes. Federal and state tax credits are recorded as a reduction of income taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the carrying amount of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using the enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recoverable or settled. The effect of a change in tax rates is recognized as income or expense in the period of the change.

 

33



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

Earnings per common share - Basic earnings per common share is computed by dividing: (i) net earnings by (ii) the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the year (the “Basic Shares”).

 

Diluted earnings per common share is computed by dividing: (i) net earnings by (ii) Basic Shares plus the additional shares that would be issued assuming that all dilutive stock awards are exercised. Options to purchase 30.5 million, 34.3 million and 37.7 million shares of common stock were outstanding as of December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively, but were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings per share because the options’ exercise prices were greater than the average market price of the common shares and, therefore, the effect would be antidilutive.

 

New Accounting Pronouncements

 

In January 2010, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2010-06, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures: Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements, (“ASU 2010-06”). ASU 2010-06 expanded the required disclosures about fair value measurements by requiring (i) separate disclosure of the amounts of significant transfers in and out of Level 1 and Level 2 fair value measurements along with the reasons for such transfers, (ii) information about purchases, sales, issuances and settlements to be presented separately in the reconciliation for Level 3 fair value measurements, (iii) expanded fair value measurement disclosures for each class of assets and liabilities, and (iv) disclosures about the valuation techniques and inputs used to measure fair value for both recurring and nonrecurring fair value measurements that fall in either Level 2 or Level 3. ASU 2010-06 was effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2009, except for (ii) above which is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010. The adoption of ASU 2010-06 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

 

In May 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income (“ASU 2011-05”). ASU 2011-05 eliminates the current option to report other comprehensive income and its components in the statement of shareholders’ equity. Instead, an entity will have the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. ASU 2011-05 also required entities to present reclassification adjustments out of accumulated other comprehensive income by component in both the statement in which net income is presented and the statement in which other comprehensive is presented. In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-12 Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassification of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05, which indefinitely defers the guidance related to the presentation of reclassification adjustments. ASU 2011-05 is effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. The Company is still evaluating which of the two alternatives it will apply in reporting comprehensive income. Neither alternative is expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations and neither alternative will have an impact on the Company’s financial condition or cash flows.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, Testing Goodwill for Impairment (“ASU 2011-08”). ASU 2011-08 allows entities to use a qualitative approach to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying value. If after performing the qualitative assessment an entity determines it is not more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, then performing the two-step goodwill impairment test is unnecessary. However, if an entity concludes otherwise, then it is required to perform the first step of the two-step goodwill impairment test. ASU 2011-08 is effective for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. The Company does not expect the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows.

 

In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-09, Disclosures about an Employer’s Participation in a Multiemployer Plan (“ASU 2011-09”). ASU 2011-09 requires additional quantitative and qualitative disclosures of entities who participate in multiemployer pension and other postretirement plans. ASU 2011-09 is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2011 and should be applied retrospectively. The adoption of ASU 2011-09 did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statement disclosures.

 

34



 

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (continued)

 

2                          Business Combination

 

On April 29, 2011, the Company acquired the Medicare prescription drug business of Universal American Corp. (the “UAM Medicare Part D Business”) for approximately $1.3 billion. The UAM Medicare Part D Business offers prescription drug plan benefits to Medicare beneficiaries throughout the United States through its Community CCRxSM prescription drug plan. The fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed were $2.4 billion and $1.1 billion, respectively, which included identifiable intangible assets of approximately $0.4 billion and goodwill of approximately $1.0 billion that were recorded in the PSS. The allocation of the purchase price is preliminary and is based on information that was available to management at the time the consolidated financial statements were prepared, accordingly, the allocation may change. The Company’s results of operations and cash flows include the UAM Medicare Part D Business beginning on April 29, 2011.

 

3                          Discontinued Operations

 

On November 1, 2011, the Company sold its TheraCom, L.L.C. (“TheraCom”) subsidiary to AmerisourceBergen Corporation for $250 million, subject to a working capital adjustment. TheraCom is a provider of commercialization support services to the biotech and pharmaceutical industry. As of December 31, 2010, TheraCom had approximately $0.1 billion of current assets consisting primarily of accounts receivable and $0.1 billion of current liabilities consisting primarily of accounts payable. The sale of TheraCom resulted in the derecognition of approximately $0.2 billion of nondeductible goodwill. The TheraCom business had historically been part of the Company’s Pharmacy Services segment. The results of the TheraCom business are presented as discontinued operations and have been excluded from both continuing operations and segment results for all periods presented.

 

In connection with certain business dispositions completed between 1991 and 1997, the Company retained guarantees on store lease obligations for a number of former subsidiaries, including Linens ‘n Things which filed for bankruptcy in 2008. The Company’s income (loss) from discontinued operations includes lease-related costs which the Company believes it will likely be required to satisfy pursuant to its Linens ‘n Things lease guarantees.

 

Below is a summary of the results of discontinued operations:

 

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