The Company had various acquisitions and other acquisition-related activity during fiscal years 2012, 2011, and 2010. Certain acquisitions were accounted for as business combinations as noted below. In accordance with authoritative guidance on business combination accounting, the assets and liabilities of the company acquired were recorded as of the acquisition date, at their respective fair values, and consolidated with the Company's assets and liabilities. The purchase price is recorded based on estimates of the fair value of assets acquired and liabilities assumed. The pro forma impact of these acquisitions was not significant, individually or in the aggregate, to the results of the Company for the fiscal years ended April 27, 2012, April 29, 2011, or April 30, 2010. The results of operations related to each company acquired have been included in the Company's consolidated statements of earnings since the date each company was acquired.

On August 31, 2011, the Company acquired Salient Surgical Technologies, Inc. (Salient). Salient develops and markets devices for haemostatic sealing of soft tissue and bone incorporating advanced energy technology. Salient's devices are used in a variety of surgical procedures including orthopedic surgery, spine, open abdominal, and thoracic procedures. Total consideration for the transaction was approximately $497 million. Medtronic had previously invested in Salient and held an 8.9 percent ownership position in the company. Net of this ownership position, the transaction value was approximately $452 million. Based upon the acquisition valuation, the Company acquired $154 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of 12 years at the time of acquisition, $44 million of IPR&D, $49 million of net tangible liabilities, and $348 million of goodwill. The value attributable to IPR&D has been capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The IPR&D primarily relates to the future launch of Salient's concentric wire product. Acquired goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Salient as a business combination. During fiscal year 2012, the Company recorded minor adjustments to other intangible assets, goodwill, and long-term deferred tax liabilities as a result of finalizing the valuation for fair value of intangible assets acquired. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value as follows:

(in millions)
Current assets	$	20
Property, plant, and equipment		11
IPR&D		44
Other intangible assets		154
Goodwill		348
Other assets		1
Total assets acquired		578

Current liabilities		43
Long-term deferred tax liabilities, net		38
Total liabilities assumed		81
Net assets acquired	$	497

On August 31, 2011, the Company acquired PEAK Surgical, Inc. (PEAK). PEAK develops and markets tissue dissection devices incorporating advanced energy technology. Total consideration for the transaction was approximately $113 million. Medtronic had previously invested in PEAK and held an 18.9 percent ownership position in the company. Net of this ownership position, the transaction value was approximately $96 million. Based upon the acquisition valuation, the Company acquired $74 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of 12 years at the time of acquisition, $17 million of net tangible liabilities, and $56 million of goodwill. Acquired goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of PEAK as a business combination. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date as follows:

(in millions)
Current assets	$	5
Property, plant, and equipment		5
Other intangible assets		74
Goodwill		56
Total assets acquired		140

Current liabilities		10
Long-term deferred tax liabilities, net		17
Total liabilities assumed		27
Net assets acquired	$	113

During fiscal year 2012, the Company recorded $12 million of acquisition-related items, including charges of $45 million, related to the change in fair value of contingent milestone payments associated with acquisitions subsequent to April 29, 2009. Additionally, in connection with the acquisitions of Salient and PEAK, the Company recognized gains of $32 million and $6 million, respectively, on its previously-held investments. In connection with these acquisitions, the Company began to assess and formulate a plan for the elimination of duplicative positions and the termination of certain contractual obligations. As a result, the Company incurred approximately $5 million of certain acquisition-related costs, which included legal fees, severance costs, change in control costs, and contract termination costs. These amounts are included within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statement of earnings.

During fiscal year 2012, the Company reclassified $12 million of Physio-Control divestiture-related costs previously recorded in acquisition-related items within continuing operations on the consolidated statements of earnings in the first and second quarters of fiscal year 2012 to discontinued operations.

On January 13, 2011, the Company acquired Ardian, Inc. (Ardian), a privately-held company. The Company had previously invested in Ardian and held an 11.3 percent ownership position prior to the acquisition. Ardian develops catheter-based therapies to treat uncontrolled hypertension and related conditions. Total consideration for the transaction was $1.020 billion, which included the estimated fair value of revenue-based contingent consideration of $212 million. The terms of the transaction included an up-front cash payment of $717 million, excluding the Company's pro-rata share in Ardian, plus potential future commercial milestone payments equal to the annual revenue growth beginning in fiscal year 2012 through the end of the Company's fiscal year 2015. Based upon the acquisition valuation, the Company acquired $55 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of 12 years at the time of acquisition, $191 million of IPR&D, $33 million of net tangible liabilities, and $807 million of goodwill. The value attributable to IPR&D has been capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The IPR&D primarily relates to the future launch of Ardian's Symplicity Catheter System into the U.S. and Japan markets. Development costs needed to complete the project, estimated to be approximately $50 million, will be expensed as incurred. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Ardian as a business combination. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date as follows:

(in millions)
Current assets	$	12
Property, plant, and equipment		1
IPR&D		191
Other intangible assets		55
Goodwill		807
Total assets acquired		1,066

Current liabilities		10
Long-term deferred tax liabilities, net		36
Total liabilities assumed		46
Net assets acquired	$	1,020

On November 16, 2010, the Company acquired Osteotech, Inc. (Osteotech). Osteotech develops innovative biologic products for regenerative medicine. Under the terms of the agreement, Osteotech shareholders received $6.50 per share in cash for each share of Osteotech common stock that they owned. Total consideration for the transaction was $123 million. Based upon the acquisition valuation, the Company acquired $46 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of nine years at the time of acquisition, $1 million of IPR&D, $57 million of net tangible assets, and $19 million of goodwill. The value attributable to IPR&D has been capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Osteotech as a business combination. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date as follows:

(in millions)
Current assets	$	34
Property, plant, and equipment		21
IPR&D		1
Other intangible assets		46
Goodwill		19
Inventory		41
Other long-term assets		3
Total assets acquired		165

Current liabilities		19
Other long-term liabilities		15
Long-term deferred tax liabilities, net		8
Total liabilities assumed		42
Net assets acquired	$	123

On August 12, 2010, the Company acquired ATS Medical, Inc. (ATS Medical). ATS Medical is a leading developer, manufacturer, and marketer of products and services focused on cardiac surgery, including heart valves and surgical cryoablation technology. Under the terms of the agreement, ATS Medical shareholders received $4.00 per share in cash for each share of ATS Medical common stock that they owned. Total consideration for the transaction was $394 million which included $30 million of ATS Medical debt and acquired contingent liabilities of $10 million. In connection with the acquisition, the Company acquired $101 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of 11 years at the time of acquisition, $6 million of IPR&D, $78 million of net tangible assets, and $209 million of goodwill. The value attributable to IPR&D, which relates to the future launch of ATS Medical's next generation surgical ablation and 3f tissue valve products, has been capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of ATS Medical as a business combination. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date as follows:

(in millions)
Current assets	$	51
Property, plant, and equipment		7
IPR&D		6
Other intangible assets		101
Goodwill		209
Long-term deferred tax assets, net		34
Total assets acquired		408

Current liabilities		14
Total liabilities assumed		14
Net assets acquired	$	394

On June 2, 2010, the Company acquired substantially all of the assets of Axon Systems, Inc. (Axon), a privately-held company. Prior to the acquisition, the Company distributed a large portion of Axon's products. The acquisition has allowed the Company to bring to market the next generation of surgeon-directed and professionally supported spinal and cranial neuromonitoring technologies and expand the availability of these technologies. Total consideration for the transaction, net of cash acquired, was $62 million, which included the settlement of existing Axon debt. In connection with the acquisition of Axon, the Company acquired $41 million of technology-based intangible assets that had an estimated useful life of ten years at the time of acquisition, $5 million of tangible assets, and $16 million of goodwill. The goodwill is deductible for tax purposes. The Company accounted for the acquisition of Axon as a business combination and recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date.

During fiscal year 2011, the Company recorded $14 million of acquisition-related items including the items discussed below and $14 million related to the change in fair value of contingent milestone payments associated with acquisitions subsequent to April 24, 2009.

During fiscal year 2011, the Company incurred a $15 million IPR&D charge related to two asset purchases in the CardioVascular and Surgical Technologies businesses. The Company also incurred a $15 million IPR&D charge related to a milestone payment under the existing terms of a royalty-bearing, non-exclusive patent cross-licensing agreement with NeuroPace, Inc. Product commercialization related to this technology had not yet been achieved. As a result, in accordance with authoritative guidance, the payments for these transactions were immediately expensed as IPR&D since technological feasibility had not yet been reached and such technology has no future alternative use. These amounts are included within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statement of earnings.

In connection with the Ardian acquisition, the Company recognized a gain of $85 million on its previously-held investment and incurred approximately $10 million of certain acquisition-related costs, including banker fees and other professional service fees, which were recorded within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statements of earnings.

In connection with the Osteotech acquisition, the Company began to assess and formulate a plan for the elimination of duplicative positions and the termination of certain contractual obligations. As a result, the Company incurred approximately $21 million of certain acquisition-related costs, including legal fees and severance costs, change in control costs, and contract termination, which were recorded within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statements of earnings.

In connection with the ATS Medical acquisition, the Company began to assess and formulate a plan for the elimination of duplicative positions and the termination of certain contractual obligations. As a result, the Company incurred approximately $24 million of certain acquisition-related costs, including acquisition-related legal fees and severance costs, change in control costs, and contract termination costs which were recorded within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statements of earnings.

In April 2010, the Company acquired privately-held Invatec S.p.A. (Invatec), a developer of innovative medical technologies for the interventional treatment of cardiovascular disease, and two affiliated companies. Invatec's two affiliated companies are Fogazzi, which provides polymer technology to Invatec; and Krauth Cardiovascular, which distributes Invatec products in Germany. Under the terms of the agreement, the transaction included an initial up-front payment of $350 million, which included the assumption and settlement of existing Invatec debt. The agreement also included potential additional payments of up to $150 million contingent upon achievement of certain milestones. Total consideration for the transaction was valued at approximately $468 million, which included the $350 million up-front payment plus the estimated fair value of additional milestone-based contingent consideration of $118 million.

The potential contingent payments consist of up to $75 million upon reaching a revenue milestone in fiscal year 2011 and up to $75 million upon reaching a product development milestone by fiscal year 2013. The Company has recorded, as of the acquisition date, the estimated fair value of the contingent milestone payments of $118 million as a component of the consideration transferred as part of the acquisition of Invatec. During fiscal year 2012, the Company paid $66 million upon reaching the revenue milestone and $75 million upon reaching the product development milestone.

In connection with the acquisition of Invatec, the Company acquired $228 million of technology-based intangible assets with an estimated useful life of 12 years. Also as part of the acquisition, the Company recorded $114 million and $161 million of IPR&D and goodwill, respectively. The value attributable to IPR&D has been capitalized as an indefinite-lived intangible asset. The IPR&D primarily relates to the future launch of Invatec's drug-eluting balloons into the U.S. market. Development costs incurred on the project, estimated to be approximately $44 million, will be expensed as incurred. The establishment of goodwill was primarily due to the expected revenue growth that is attributable to increased market penetration from future products and customers. The goodwill is not deductible for tax purposes.

The Company accounted for the acquisition of Invatec as a business combination. The Company recorded the identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at fair value on the acquisition date as follows:


(in millions)
Current assets	$	77
Property, plant, and equipment		32
IPR&D		114
Other intangible assets		228
Goodwill		161
Other assets		1
Total assets acquired		613

Current liabilities		46
Long-term deferred tax liabilities, net		99
Total liabilities assumed		145
Net assets acquired	$	468

In connection with the acquisition of Invatec, the Company began to assess and formulate a plan for the elimination of duplicative positions and the termination of certain contractual obligations. As a result, the Company incurred approximately $12 million of acquisition-related costs in fiscal year 2010. In February 2010, the Company recorded an IPR&D charge of $11 million related to the asset acquisition of Arbor Surgical Technologies, Inc.'s bovine pericardial heart valve technology. These amounts were recorded within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statements of earnings.

In August 2009, the Company acquired certain intangible assets related to the distribution of coronary products within the CardioVascular Japan business. In connection with the acquisition, the Company recorded $29 million of intangible assets with an estimated useful life of five years.

Certain of the Company's business combinations or purchases of intellectual property involve the potential for the payment of future contingent consideration upon the achievement of certain product development milestones and/or various other favorable operating conditions. Payment of the additional consideration is generally contingent on the acquired company reaching certain performance milestones, including attaining specified revenue levels, achieving product development targets, or obtaining regulatory approvals. As a result of the Company adopting authoritative guidance in fiscal year 2010 related to business combinations, contingent consideration is recorded at the acquisition date at the estimated fair value of the contingent milestone payments for all acquisitions subsequent to April 24, 2009. The fair value of the contingent milestone consideration is remeasured at the estimated fair value at each reporting period with the change in fair value recognized as income or expense within acquisition-related items in the consolidated statements of earnings. The Company measures the initial liability and remeasures the liability on a recurring basis using Level 3 inputs as defined under authoritative guidance for fair value measurements. See Note 7 for further information regarding fair value measurements.

The recurring Level 3 fair value measurements of the contingent consideration liability include the following significant unobservable inputs:

($ in millions)	Fair Value at April 27, 2012	Valuation Technique	Unobservable Input	Range
Revenue-based payments	$226	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate Probability of payment Projected fiscal year of payment	13% - 24% 25% -100% 2013 - 2019
Product development-based payments	$5	Discounted cash flow	Discount rate Probability of payment Projected fiscal year of payment	5.9% 100% 2013

Contingent consideration liabilities are remeasured to fair value each reporting period using projected revenues, discount rates, probabilities of payment and projected payment dates. Projected contingent payment amounts are discounted back to the current period using a discounted cash flow model. Projected revenues are based on the Company's most recent internal operational budgets and long-range strategic plans. Increases in projected revenues and probabilities of payment may result in higher fair value measurements. Increases in discount rates and the time to payment may result in lower fair value measurements. Increases (decreases) in any of those inputs in isolation may result in a significantly lower (higher) fair value measurement.

At April 27, 2012, the estimated maximum potential amount of undiscounted future contingent consideration that the Company is expected to make associated with all completed business combinations or purchases of intellectual property prior to April 24, 2009 was approximately $228 million. The milestones associated with the contingent consideration must be reached in future periods ranging from fiscal years 2013 to 2018 in order for the consideration to be paid.

The fair value of contingent milestone payments associated with acquisitions subsequent to April 24, 2009 was remeasured as of April 27, 2012 and April 29, 2011 at $231 million and $325 million, respectively. As of April 27, 2012, $200 million was reflected in other long-term liabilities and $31 million was reflected in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet. As of April 29, 2011, $259 million was reflected in other long-term liabilities and $66 million was reflected in other accrued expenses in the consolidated balance sheet. The portion of the milestone payments related to the original acquisition date fair value of contingent consideration have been reported as financing activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. Amounts paid in excess of the original acquisition date fair value of contingent consideration have been reported as operating activities in the consolidated statements of cash flows. The following table provides a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances of contingent milestone payments associated with acquisitions subsequent to April 24, 2009 measured at fair value that used significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):

	Fiscal Year
(in millions)	2012		2011
Beginning Balance	$	325	$	118
Purchase price contingent consideration		2		193
Contingent milestone payments		(141)		-
Change in fair value of contingent consideration		45		14
Ending Balance	$	231	$	325