Share-based Compensation (Tables)

9 Months Ended

Apr. 30, 2016

Share-Based Compensation Expense

The following table presents share-based compensation expense included in our Consolidated Statements of Operations:

	Three Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	April 30,						April 30,
(in millions)	2016			2015			2016			2015
Cost of product sales	$	0.1		$	0.2		$	0.4		$	0.5
Cost of engineering sales		—			0.1			—			0.2
Research and product development		0.6			0.7			1.8			2.0
Selling and marketing		0.4			0.4			1.1			1.1
General and administrative		1.8			2.0			3.8			4.6
Total share-based compensation expense before tax		2.9			3.4			7.1			8.4
Income tax effect		(1.0	)		(1.0	)		(2.2	)		(2.5	)
Share-based compensation expense included in net income	$	1.9		$	2.4		$	4.9		$	5.9

Fair Value of Option Granted Valuation Assumption

The fair value of each option granted during the three and nine months ended April 30, 2015 was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended		Nine Months Ended
	April 30,		April 30,
	2015		2015
Expected option term in years (1)		—		5.31
Expected volatility (2)		—		29.3	%
Risk-free interest rate (3)		—		1.82	%
Expected annual dividend yield (4)		—		0.56	%
Weighted average grant date fair value	$	—	$	19.95

(1) The expected option term was estimated using historical data.

(2) The expected volatility for each grant is determined based on the review of the average of historical daily price changes of our common stock over the expected option term.

(3) The risk-free interest rate is determined based on the yield of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities for a period that is commensurate with the expected term assumption.

(4) The expected annual dividend yield is calculated by dividing the expected annual dividends by the stock price on the date of grant.

Fair Value of TSR Performance-Based Awards Valuation Assumption

The fair value of our TSR performance-based awards at the date of grant was estimated using the Monte-Carlo simulation model with the following assumptions:

	Three Months Ended					Nine Months Ended
	April 30,					April 30,
	2016		2015			2016			2015
Stock price (1)	$	—	$	87.50		$	84.06		$	71.33
Expected volatility (2)		—		27.6	%		26.4	%		29.3	%
Risk-free interest rate (3)		—		0.83	%		1.04	%		1.00	%
Expected annual dividend yield (4)		—		0.00	%		0.00	%		0.00	%
Weighted average grant date fair value of time-based restricted stock awards	$	74.18	$	82.82		$	82.66		$	73.21
Weighted average grant date fair value of performance based restricted stock awards	$	—	$	127.52		$	98.81		$	88.00

(1) The stock price is the closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.

(2) The expected volatility for each grant is determined based on the historical volatility for the peer group companies and our common stock over a period equal to the remaining term of the performance period from the date of grant for all awards.

(3) The risk-free interest rate is determined based on the yield of zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities for a period that is commensurate with the performance period.

(4) Dividends are considered reinvested when calculating TSR. The dividend yield is therefore considered to be 0%.