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Share-Based Compensation (Tables)
3 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2012
Share-based Compensation Expenses

The following table presents share-based compensation expense included in our unaudited condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

 

     Three months Ended
October 31,
             2012                    2011        

Cost of product sales

     $ 164        $ 132  

Cost of engineering sales

       400          -  

Research and product development

       308          619  

Selling and marketing

       340          253  

General and administrative

       1,432          1,247  

Total share-based compensation expense before tax

     $ 2,644        $ 2,251  
Compensation Expense Recognized on Awards

We recognize compensation expense on performance-based restricted stock grants with earnings per share, or “EPS,”-related and total shareholder return, or “TSR,”-related conditions along with time-based stock options and restricted stock award conditions as follows:

 

     For the Three Months Ended
October 31,
             2012                    2011        

Peformance based EPS-related condition

     $ 1,056        $ 958  

Performance based TSR-related condition

       714          775  

Total performance-based expense

       1,770          1,733  

Time based stock options and restricted stock awards

       874          518  

Total share-based compensation expense before tax

     $ 2,644        $ 2,251  
Fair Value of Option Grant Assumptions

The fair value of each option grant was estimated on the grant date using the Black-Scholes valuation model with the following assumptions for the three months ended October 31, 2012 and 2011 as follows:

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,
             2012                   2011        

Expected option term (1)

       5.42 years         5.34 years  

Expected volatility factor (2)

       41 %       38 %

Risk-free interest rate (3)

       0.78 %       0.95 %

Expected annual dividend yield (4)

       0.57 %       0.87 %

 

(1) The option life term factor was estimated using historical data.
(2) The expected volatility factor for each grant is determined based on the review of the weighted average of historical daily price changes of our common stock over the most recent expected option term.
(3) The risk free interest rate for periods equal to the expected term of the stock option is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
(4) The expected annual dividend yield is calculated by dividing the expected annual dividends by the stock price on the date of grant.
Fair Value of Awards Grant Assumptions

The fair value of the restricted stock units with a TSR-related condition at date of grant was estimated using a Monte-Carlo Simulation model with the following assumptions:

 

     Three Months Ended
October 31,
         2012        
 

Stock Price (1)

     $70.04       

Expected volatility factor (2)

     28%   

Risk-free interest rate (3)

     0.32%   

Expected annual dividend yield (4)

     0.0%   

 

(1) The stock price is the weighted average closing price of our common stock on the date of grant.
(2) The expected volatility factor for each grant is determined based on the historical volatility for the peer group companies over a period equal to the remaining term of the performance period from the date of grant for all awards.
(3) The risk free interest rate for periods equal to the performance period is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
(4) Dividends are considered reinvested when calculating TSR. For the purpose of the fair value model, the dividend yield is therefore considered to be 0%.