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Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)
3 Months Ended
Feb. 04, 2012
Basis of Presentation  
Basis of Presentation

The Company sold its baseband chipset business and related support operations, or Baseband Chipset Business, to MediaTek Inc. during the first quarter of fiscal 2008. The Company has reflected the financial results of this business as discontinued operations in the condensed consolidated statements of income for all periods presented.

Revenue Recognition  
Revenue Recognition

In all regions of the world, the Company defers revenue and the related cost of sales on shipments to distributors until the distributors resell the products to their customers. Therefore, the Company’s revenue fully reflects end customer purchases and is not impacted by distributor inventory levels. Sales to distributors are made under agreements that allow distributors to receive price-adjustment credits, as discussed below, and to return qualifying products for credit, as determined by the Company, in order to reduce the amounts of slow-moving, discontinued or obsolete product from their inventory. These agreements limit such returns to a certain percentage of the value of the Company’s shipments to that distributor during the prior quarter. In addition, distributors are allowed to return unsold products if the Company terminates the relationship with the distributor.

Distributors are granted price-adjustment credits for sales to their customers when the distributor’s standard cost (i.e., the Company’s sales price to the distributor) does not provide the distributor with an appropriate margin on its sales to its customers. As distributors negotiate selling prices with their customers, the final sales price agreed to with the customer will be influenced by many factors, including the particular product being sold, the quantity ordered, the particular customer, the geographic location of the distributor and the competitive landscape. As a result, the distributor may request and receive a price-adjustment credit from the Company to allow the distributor to earn an appropriate margin on the transaction.

Distributors are also granted price-adjustment credits in the event of a price decrease subsequent to the date the product was shipped and billed to the distributor. Generally, the Company will provide a credit equal to the difference between the price paid by the distributor (less any prior credits on such products) and the new price for the product multiplied by the quantity of such product in the distributor’s inventory at the time of the price decrease.

Given the uncertainties associated with the levels of price-adjustment credits to be granted to distributors, the sales price to the distributor is not fixed or determinable until the distributor resells the products to their customers. Therefore, the Company defers revenue recognition from sales to distributors until the distributors have sold the products to their customers.

Title to the inventory transfers to the distributor at the time of shipment or delivery to the distributor, and payment from the distributor is due in accordance with the Company’s standard payment terms. These payment terms are not contingent upon the distributors’ sale of the products to their customers. Upon title transfer to distributors, inventory is reduced for the cost of goods shipped, the margin (sales less cost of sales) is recorded as “deferred income on shipments to distributors, net” and an account receivable is recorded.

 

The deferred costs of sales to distributors have historically had very little risk of impairment due to the margins the Company earns on sales of its products and the relatively long life-cycle of the Company’s products. Product returns from distributors that are ultimately scrapped have historically been immaterial. In addition, price protection and price-adjustment credits granted to distributors historically have not exceeded the margins the Company earns on sales of its products. The Company continuously monitors the level and nature of product returns and is in continuous contact with the distributors to ensure reserves are established for all known material issues.

As of February 4, 2012 and October 29, 2011, the Company had gross deferred revenue of $294.1 million and $309.6 million, respectively, and gross deferred cost of sales of $66.8 million and $76.4 million, respectively. Deferred income on shipments to distributors decreased by approximately $6.0 million in the first three months of fiscal 2012 primarily as a result of the distributors’ sales to their customers in the first three months of fiscal 2012 exceeding the Company’s shipments to its distributors during this same time period.

Shipping costs are charged to cost of sales as incurred.

The Company generally offers a 12-month warranty for its products. The Company’s warranty policy provides for replacement of the defective product. Specific accruals are recorded for known product warranty issues. Product warranty expenses during the three-month periods ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011 were not material.

Stock-Based Compensation  
Stock-Based Compensation

Grant-Date Fair Value – The Company uses the Black-Scholes valuation model to calculate the grant-date fair value of stock option awards. The grant date fair value of restricted stock units represents the value of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant, reduced by the present value of dividends expected to be paid on the Company’s common stock prior to vesting.

Information pertaining to the Company’s stock option awards and the related estimated weighted-average assumptions to calculate the fair value of stock options granted during the three-month periods ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011 are as follows:

 

                 
    Three Months Ended  

Stock Options

  February 4, 2012     January 29, 2011  

Options granted (in thousands)*

    49       1,873  

Weighted-average exercise price

  $ 36.99     $ 37.53  

Weighted-average grant date fair value

  $ 8.46     $ 8.64  

Assumptions:

               

Weighted-average expected volatility

    33.31     29.36

Weighted-average expected term (in years)

    5.3       5.3  

Weighted-average risk-free interest rate

    0.8     2.1

Weighted-average expected dividend yield

    2.7     2.3

 

* Under the Company’s equity award grant date policy the grant date of the Company’s annual equity awards has been the second business day following January 1st that the NYSE is open in the Company’s first fiscal quarter. Beginning in fiscal year 2012, the grant date of the Company’s annual equity awards will be March 15th or the next business day that the NYSE is open in the Company’s second fiscal quarter.

Expected volatility — The Company is responsible for estimating volatility and has considered a number of factors, including third-party estimates, when estimating volatility. The Company currently believes that the exclusive use of implied volatility results in the best estimate of the grant-date fair value of employee stock options because it reflects the market’s current expectations of future volatility. In evaluating the appropriateness of exclusively relying on implied volatility, the Company concluded that: (1) options in the Company’s common stock are actively traded with sufficient volume on several exchanges; (2) the market prices of both the traded options and the underlying shares are measured at a similar point in time to each other and on a date close to the grant date of the employee share options; (3) the traded options have exercise prices that are both near-the-money and close to the exercise price of the employee share options; and (4) the remaining maturities of the traded options used to estimate volatility are at least one year.

Expected term — The Company uses historical employee exercise and option expiration data to estimate the expected term assumption for the Black-Scholes grant-date valuation. The Company believes that this historical data is currently the best estimate of the expected term of a new option, and that generally its employees exhibit similar exercise behavior.

Risk-free interest rate — The yield on zero-coupon U.S. Treasury securities for a period that is commensurate with the expected term assumption is used as the risk-free interest rate.

Expected dividend yield — Expected dividend yield is calculated by annualizing the cash dividend declared by the Company’s Board of Directors for the current quarter and dividing that result by the closing stock price on the date of grant. Until such time as the Company’s Board of Directors declares a cash dividend for an amount that is different from the current quarter’s cash dividend, the current dividend will be used in deriving this assumption. Cash dividends are not paid on options, restricted stock or restricted stock units.

Stock-Based Compensation Expense

The amount of stock-based compensation expense recognized during a period is based on the value of the awards that are ultimately expected to vest. Forfeitures are estimated at the time of grant and revised, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from those estimates. The term “forfeitures” is distinct from “cancellations” or “expirations” and represents only the unvested portion of the surrendered stock-based award. Based on an analysis of its historical forfeitures, the Company has applied an annual forfeiture rate of 4.3% to all unvested stock-based awards as of February 4, 2012. The rate of 4.3% represents the portion that is expected to be forfeited each year over the vesting period. This analysis will be re-evaluated quarterly and the forfeiture rate will be adjusted as necessary. Ultimately, the actual expense recognized over the vesting period will only be for those options that vest.

Additional paid-in-capital (APIC) Pool

The APIC pool represents the excess tax benefits related to share-based compensation that are available to absorb future tax deficiencies. If the amount of future tax deficiencies is greater than the available APIC pool, the Company records the excess as income tax expense in its condensed consolidated statements of income. During the three-month period ended January 29, 2011, the Company had a sufficient APIC pool to provide for any tax deficiencies recorded and as a result, these deficiencies did not affect its results of operations. During the three-month period ended February 4, 2012, the Company recognized $1.8 million of income tax expense resulting from tax shortfalls related to share-based compensation in its condensed consolidated statement of income.

Stock-Based Compensation Activity

A summary of the activity under the Company’s stock option plans as of February 4, 2012 and changes during the three-month period then ended is presented below:

 

                                 

Activity during the Three Months Ended February 4, 2012

  Options
Outstanding

(in  thousands)
  Weighted-
Average Exercise
Price Per Share
  Weighted-
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term in Years
    Aggregate
Intrinsic
Value
 

Options outstanding October 29, 2011

    34,116     $30.27                

Options granted

    49     $36.99                

Options exercised

    (1,936   $25.24                

Options forfeited

    (189   $27.42                

Options expired

    (2,081   $41.05                
   

 

 

                         

Options outstanding at February 4, 2012

    29,959     $29.88     4.6     $ 313,894  
   

 

 

                         

Options exercisable at February 4, 2012

    20,539     $30.55     4.0     $ 204,031  
   

 

 

                         

Options vested or expected to vest at February 4, 2012 (1)

    29,483     $29.88     4.5     $ 308,982  
   

 

 

                         

 

(1) In addition to the vested options, the Company expects a portion of the unvested options to vest at some point in the future. Options expected to vest is calculated by applying an estimated forfeiture rate to the unvested options.

During the three months ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011, the total intrinsic value of options exercised (i.e. the difference between the market price at exercise and the price paid by the employee to exercise the options) was $24.9 million and $46.7 million, respectively, and the total amount of proceeds received by the Company from exercise of these options was $48.9 million and $102.0 million, respectively. Proceeds from stock option exercises pursuant to employee stock plans in the Company’s statement of cash flows during the three months ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011 was $48.6 million and $102.0 million, respectively, and are net of the value of shares surrendered by employees in certain limited circumstances to satisfy the exercise price of options, and to satisfy employee tax obligations upon vesting of restricted stock units and in connection with the exercise of stock options granted to the Company’s employees under the Company’s equity compensation plans. The withholding amount is based on the Company’s minimum statutory withholding requirement.

A summary of the Company’s restricted stock unit award activity as of February 4, 2012 and changes during the three- month period then ended is presented below:

 

 

                 

Activity during the Three Months Ended February 4, 2012

  Restricted
Stock Units

Outstanding
(in thousands)
    Weighted-
Average Grant
Date Fair Value
Per Share
 

Restricted stock units outstanding at October 29, 2011

    2,088     $ 31.10  

Units granted

    22     $ 33.64  

Restrictions lapsed

    (21   $ 23.32  

Forfeited

    (19   $ 31.56  
   

 

 

         

Restricted stock units outstanding at February 4, 2012

    2,070     $ 31.20  
   

 

 

         

As of February 4, 2012, there was $75.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested share-based awards comprised of stock options and restricted stock units. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.2 years. The total grant-date fair value of shares that vested during the three months ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011, was approximately $25.0 million and $25.6 million, respectively.

Earnings Per Share  
Earnings Per Share of Common Stock

Basic earnings per share is computed based only on the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period, plus the dilutive effect of potential future issuances of common stock relating to stock option programs and other potentially dilutive securities using the treasury stock method. In calculating diluted earnings per share, the dilutive effect of stock options is computed using the average market price for the respective period. In addition, the assumed proceeds under the treasury stock method include the average unrecognized compensation expense of stock options that are in-the-money and restricted stock units. This results in the “assumed” buyback of additional shares, thereby reducing the dilutive impact of in-the-money stock options. Potential shares related to certain of the Company’s outstanding stock options were excluded because they were anti-dilutive. Those potential shares, determined based on the weighted average exercise prices during the respective years, related to the Company’s outstanding stock options could be dilutive in the future.

Fair Value  
Fair Value

The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or be paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. The Company applies the following fair value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used to measure fair value into three levels and bases the categorization within the hierarchy upon the lowest level of input that is available and significant to the fair value measurement. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).

Level 1 — Level 1 inputs are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 — Level 2 inputs are inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. If the asset or liability has a specified (contractual) term, a Level 2 input must be observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.

Level 3 — Level 3 inputs are unobservable inputs for the asset or liability in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date.

The following methods and assumptions were used by the Company in estimating its fair value disclosures for financial instruments:

Cash equivalents and short-term investments — These investments are adjusted to fair value based on quoted market prices or are determined using a yield curve model based on current market rates.

Deferred compensation plan investments and other investments — The fair value of these mutual fund, money market fund and equity investments are based on quoted market prices.

Long-term debt — The fair value of long-term debt is based on quotes received from third-party banks.

Interest rate swap agreements — The fair value of interest rate swap agreements is based on quotes received from third-party banks. These values represent the estimated amount the Company would receive or pay to terminate the agreements taking into consideration current interest rates as well as the creditworthiness of the counterparty.

Forward foreign currency exchange contracts — The estimated fair value of forward foreign currency exchange contracts, which includes derivatives that are accounted for as cash flow hedges and those that are not designated as cash flow hedges, is based on the estimated amount the Company would receive if it sold these agreements at the reporting date taking into consideration current interest rates as well as the creditworthiness of the counterparty for assets and the Company’s creditworthiness for liabilities.

 

Contingent consideration — The fair value of contingent consideration was estimated utilizing the income approach and is based upon significant inputs not observable in the market. Changes in the fair value of the contingent consideration subsequent to the acquisition date that are primarily driven by assumptions pertaining to the achievement of the defined milestones will be recognized in operating income in the period of the estimated fair value change.

Derivatives  
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Agreements

Foreign Exchange Exposure Management — The Company enters into forward foreign currency exchange contracts to offset certain operational and balance sheet exposures from the impact of changes in foreign currency exchange rates. Such exposures result from the portion of the Company’s operations, assets and liabilities that are denominated in currencies other than the U.S. dollar, primarily the Euro; other significant exposures include the Philippine Peso and the British Pound. These foreign currency exchange contracts are entered into to support transactions made in the normal course of business, and accordingly, are not speculative in nature. The contracts are for periods consistent with the terms of the underlying transactions, generally one year or less. Hedges related to anticipated transactions are designated and documented at the inception of the respective hedges as cash flow hedges and are evaluated for effectiveness monthly. Derivative instruments are employed to eliminate or minimize certain foreign currency exposures that can be confidently identified and quantified. As the terms of the contract and the underlying transaction are matched at inception, forward contract effectiveness is calculated by comparing the change in fair value of the contract to the change in the forward value of the anticipated transaction, with the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivative instrument reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income (OCI) in shareholders’ equity and reclassified into earnings in the same period during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. Any residual change in fair value of the instruments, or ineffectiveness, is recognized immediately in other (income) expense. Additionally, the Company enters into forward foreign currency contracts that economically hedge the gains and losses generated by the re-measurement of certain recorded assets and liabilities in a non-functional currency. Changes in the fair value of these undesignated hedges are recognized in other (income) expense immediately as an offset to the changes in the fair value of the asset or liability being hedged. As of February 4, 2012 and October 29, 2011, the total notional amount of these undesignated hedges was $39.1 million and $41.2 million, respectively. The fair value of these hedging instruments in the Company’s condensed consolidated balance sheets as of February 4, 2012 and October 29, 2011 was immaterial.

Interest Rate Exposure Management — On June 30, 2009, the Company entered into interest rate swap transactions related to its outstanding 5.0% senior unsecured notes where the Company swapped the notional amount of its $375 million of fixed rate debt at 5.0% into floating interest rate debt through July 1, 2014. Under the terms of the swaps, the Company will (i) receive on the $375 million notional amount a 5.0% annual interest payment that is paid in two installments on the 1st of every January and July, commencing January 1, 2010 through and ending on the maturity date; and (ii) pay on the $375 million notional amount an annual three month LIBOR plus 2.05% (2.63% as of February 4, 2012) interest payment, payable in four installments on the 1st of every January, April, July and October, commencing on October 1, 2009 and ending on the maturity date. The LIBOR-based rate is set quarterly three months prior to the date of the interest payment. The Company designated these swaps as fair value hedges. The fair value of the swaps at inception was zero and subsequent changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps were reflected in the carrying value of the interest rate swaps on the balance sheet. The carrying value of the debt on the balance sheet was adjusted by an equal and offsetting amount. The gain or loss on the hedged item (that is, the fixed-rate borrowings) attributable to the hedged benchmark interest rate risk and the offsetting gain or loss on the related interest rate swaps for three-month periods ended February 4, 2012 and January 29, 2011 were as follows:

 

                                                 
Statement of Income   February 4, 2012     January 29, 2011  

Classification

  Loss on Swaps     Gain on Note     Net Income
Effect
    Loss on Swaps     Gain on Note     Net Income
Effect
 

Other income

  $  (769   $  769     $  —       $  (8,168   $  8,168     $  —    

The amounts earned and owed under the swap agreements are accrued each period and are reported in interest expense. There was no ineffectiveness recognized in any of the periods presented.

The market risk associated with the Company’s derivative instruments results from currency exchange rate or interest rate movements that are expected to offset the market risk of the underlying transactions, assets and liabilities being hedged. The counterparties to the agreements relating to the Company’s derivative instruments consist of a number of major international financial institutions with high credit ratings. Based on the credit ratings of the Company’s counterparties as of February 4, 2012, nonperformance is not perceived to be a significant risk. Furthermore, none of the Company’s derivatives are subject to collateral or other security arrangements and none contain provisions that are dependent on the Company’s credit ratings from any credit rating agency. While the contract or notional amounts of derivative financial instruments provide one measure of the volume of these transactions, they do not represent the amount of the Company’s exposure to credit risk. The amounts potentially subject to credit risk (arising from the possible inability of counterparties to meet the terms of their contracts) are generally limited to the amounts, if any, by which the counterparties’ obligations under the contracts exceed the obligations of the Company to the counterparties. As a result of the above considerations, the Company does not consider the risk of counterparty default to be significant.

The Company records the fair value of its derivative financial instruments in the condensed consolidated financial statements in other current assets, other assets or accrued liabilities, depending on their net position, regardless of the purpose or intent for holding the derivative contract. Changes in the fair value of the derivative financial instruments are either recognized periodically in earnings or in shareholders’ equity as a component of OCI. Changes in the fair value of cash flow hedges are recorded in OCI and reclassified into earnings when the underlying contract matures. Changes in the fair values of derivatives not qualifying for hedge accounting are reported in earnings as they occur.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets  
Intangibles-Goodwill and Other

Intangible Assets

The Company reviews finite-lived intangible assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of assets may not be recoverable. Recoverability of these assets is measured by comparison of their carrying value to future undiscounted cash flows the assets are expected to generate over their remaining economic lives. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized in earnings equals the amount by which the carrying value of the assets exceeds their fair value determined by either a quoted market price, if any, or a value determined by utilizing a discounted cash flow technique. As of February 4, 2012 and October 29, 2011 the Company’s finite-lived intangible assets were fully amortized. Amortization expense related to finite-lived intangible assets was $0.4 million for the three-month period ended January 29, 2011.

Indefinite-lived intangible assets are tested for impairment on an annual basis on the first day of the fourth quarter (on or about August 1) or more frequently if indicators of impairment exist. The impairment test involves the comparison of the fair value of the intangible asset with its carrying amount. No impairment of intangible assets resulted in any of the fiscal years presented.

 

Intangible assets, excluding in-process research and development (IPR&D), are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives or on an accelerated method of amortization that is expected to reflect the estimated pattern of economic use.

Discontinued Operations  
Discontinued Operations

In September 2007, the Company entered into a definitive agreement to sell its Baseband Chipset Business to MediaTek Inc. The decision to sell the Baseband Chipset Business was due to the Company’s decision to focus its resources in areas where its signal processing expertise can provide unique capabilities and earn superior returns. During fiscal 2008, the Company completed the sale of its Baseband Chipset Business for net cash proceeds of $269 million. The Company made cash payments of $1.7 million during fiscal 2009 related to retention payments for employees who transferred to MediaTek Inc. and for the reimbursement of intellectual property license fees incurred by MediaTek. During fiscal 2010, the Company received cash proceeds of $62 million as a result of the receipt of a refundable withholding tax and also recorded an additional gain on sale of $0.3 million, or $0.2 million net of tax, due to the settlement of certain items at less than the amounts accrued. In fiscal 2011, additional proceeds of $10 million were released from escrow and $6.5 million, net of tax, was recorded as additional gain from the sale of discontinued operations. The Company does not expect any additional proceeds from this sale.

Income Taxes  
Income Taxes

The Company has provided for potential tax liabilities due in the various jurisdictions in which the Company operates. Judgment is required in determining the worldwide income tax expense provision. In the ordinary course of global business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax outcome is uncertain. Some of these uncertainties arise as a consequence of cost reimbursement arrangements among related entities. Although the Company believes its estimates are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the final tax outcome of these matters will not be different from that which is reflected in the historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a material impact on the Company’s income tax provision and operating results in the period in which such determination is made.

Although the Company believes its estimates of income tax payable are reasonable, no assurance can be given that the Company will prevail in the matters raised and that the outcome of these matters will not be different than that which is reflected in the historical income tax provisions and accruals. The Company believes such differences would not have a material impact on the Company’s financial condition but could have a material impact on the Company’s income tax provision, operating results and operating cash flows in the period in which such matters are resolved as well as for subsequent years.

New Accounting Pronouncements  
New Accounting Pronouncements

Standards to be Implemented

Balance Sheet

In December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-11, Disclosures about Offsetting Assets and Liabilities (ASU No. 2011-11). ASU No. 2011-11 amended ASC 210, Balance Sheet, to converge the presentation of offsetting assets and liabilities between U.S GAAP and IFRS. ASU No. 2011-11 requires that entities disclose both gross information and net information about both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting arrangement. ASU No. 2011-11 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after January 1, 2013, which is the Company’s fiscal year 2014. The adoption of ASU No. 2011-11 will require additional disclosures related to offsetting assets and liabilities but will not impact the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.

Comprehensive Income

In June 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-05, Presentation of Comprehensive Income (ASU No. 2011-05). ASU No. 2011-05 amended ASC 220, Comprehensive Income, to converge the presentation of comprehensive income between U.S GAAP and IFRS. ASU No. 2011-05 requires that all non-owner changes in stockholders’ equity be presented in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements and requires reclassification adjustments for items that are reclassified from other comprehensive income to net income in the statements where the components of net income and the components of other comprehensive income are presented. ASU No. 2011-05 eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement in changes of stockholders equity. ASU No. 2011-05 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2011 which is the Company’s fiscal year 2013. Subsequently, in December 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-12, Deferral of the Effective Date for Amendments to the Presentation of Reclassifications of Items Out of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income in Accounting Standards Update No. 2011-05 (ASU No. 2011-12), which defers only those changes in ASU No. 2011-05 that relate to the presentation of reclassification adjustments but does not affect all other requirements in ASU No. 2011-05. The adoption of ASU No. 2011-05 and ASU No. 2011-12 will affect the presentation of comprehensive income but will not impact the Company’s financial condition or results of operations.