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Share Based Compensation
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2011
Share Based Compensation [Abstract]  
Share Based Compensation

10.         Share Based Compensation

Prior to the Petition Date, the Company adopted certain plans which provide for the issuance of common stock in connection with the exercise of stock options and for other stock-based awards. AMR has granted stock compensation under three plans: the 1998 Long Term Incentive Plan (the 1998 Plan), the 2003 Employee Stock Incentive Plan (the 2003 Plan) and the 2009 Long Term Incentive Plan (the 2009 Plan). Collectively, the 1998 Plan and the 2009 Plan are referred to as the LTIP Plans.

The Company believes that all of its stock options will be cancelled as part of its emergence from Chapter 11. The following includes additional information about these plans as of December 31, 2011. It is expected that no future awards will be made under these plans.

Under the LTIP Plans, officers and key people of AMR and its subsidiaries were granted certain types of stock or performance based awards. At December 31, 2011, the Company had stock option awards, stock appreciation right (SAR) awards, performance share awards, deferred share awards and other awards outstanding under these plans. The total number of common shares authorized for distribution under the 1998 Plan and the 2009 Plan is 23,700,000 and 4,000,000 shares, respectively. The 1998 Plan expired by its terms in 2008.

The Company established the 2003 Plan to provide equity awards to employees. Under the 2003 Plan, employees may be granted stock options, restricted stock and deferred stock. At December 31, 2011, the Company had stock options and deferred awards outstanding under this plan. The total number of shares authorized for distribution under the 2003 Plan is 42,680,000 shares.

In 2011, 2010 and 2009 the total charge for share-based compensation expense included in Wages, salaries and benefits expense was $40 million, $53 million and $61 million, respectively. In 2011, 2010 and 2009, the amount of cash used to settle equity instruments granted under share-based compensation plans was $2 million, $2 million and $1 million, respectively.

Stock Options/SARs During 2006, the AMR Board of Directors approved an amendment covering all of the outstanding stock options previously granted under the 1998 Plan. The amendment added to each of the outstanding options an additional SAR in tandem with each of the then outstanding stock options. The addition of the SAR did not impact the fair value of the stock options, but simply allowed the Company to settle the exercise of the option by issuing the net number of shares equal to the in-the-money value of the option. This amendment is estimated to make available enough shares to permit the Company to settle all outstanding performance and deferred share awards under the 1998 Plan in stock rather than cash.

Options/SARs granted under the LTIP Plans and the 2003 Plan are awarded with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the stock on date of grant, become exercisable in equal annual installments over periods ranging from three to five years and expire no later than ten years from the date of grant. Expense for the options is recognized on a straight-line basis. The fair value of each award is estimated on the date of grant using the modified Black-Scholes option valuation model and the assumptions noted in the following table. Expected volatilities are based on implied volatilities from traded options on the Company's stock, historical volatility of the Company's stock, and other factors. The Company uses historical employee exercise data to estimate the expected term of awards granted used in the valuation model. The risk-free rate is based on the U.S. Treasury yield curve in effect at the time of grant. The dividend yield is assumed to be zero based on the Company's history and expectation of not paying dividends.

 

                         
     2011      2010      2009  

Expected volatility

     73.5% to 75.4%         74.4% to 75.9%         73.6% to 76.7%   

Expected term (in years)

     4.0         4.0         4.0   

Risk-free rate

     0.90% to 2.11%         1.18% to 2.58%         2.33% to 2.46%   

Annual forfeiture rate

     10.0%         10.0%         10.0%   

A summary of stock option/SARs activity under the LTIP Plans and the 2003 Plan as of December 31, 2011, and changes during the year then ended is presented below:

 

                                 
     LTIP Plans      The 2003 Plan  
     Options/SARs     Weighted
Average

Exercise
Price
     Options     Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 

Outstanding at January 1

     15,384,288      $ 13.99         13,208,383      $ 5.66   

Granted

     2,556,305        6.51         -        -   

Exercised

     (38,720     4.56         (51,751     5.00   

Forfeited or Expired

     (4,092,032     21.80         (73,727     6.52   
    

 

 

            

 

 

         
         

Outstanding at December 31

     13,809,841      $ 10.31         13,082,905      $ 5.66   
    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
         

Exercisable at December 31

     6,341,822      $ 14.55         13,082,905      $ 5.66   
    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

   

 

 

 
         

Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term of Options Outstanding (in years)

     6.6                 1.4           
    

 

 

            

 

 

         
         

Aggregate Intrinsic Value of Options Outstanding

   $ 0               $ 0           
    

 

 

            

 

 

         

 

The aggregate intrinsic value of all vested options/SARs is $0 and those options have an average remaining contractual life of 2.5 years. The weighted-average grant date fair value of options/SARs granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $3.59, $3.97 and $2.54, respectively. The total intrinsic value of options/SARs exercised during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was less than $1 million, $1 million and less than $1 million, respectively.

 

A summary of the status of the Company's non-vested options/SARs under all plans as of December 31, 2011, and changes during the year ended December 31, 2011, is presented below:

 

                 
           Weighted  
     Options/SARs     Average
Grant Date Fair
Value
 

Outstanding at January 1

     8,096,002      $ 3.83   

Granted

     2,556,305        3.59   

Vested

     (2,195,172     4.46   

Forfeited

     (989,116     3.59   
    

 

 

         
     

Outstanding at December 31

     7,468,019      $ 3.59   
    

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

As of December 31, 2011, there was $11 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock options/SARs granted under the LTIP Plans and the 2003 Plan that is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 3.2 years. The total fair value of stock options/SARs vested during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, was $7 million, $11 million and $10 million, respectively.

Cash received by the Company from exercise of stock options for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009, was $1 million for each of those years. No tax benefit was realized as a result of stock options/SARs exercised in 2011 due to the tax valuation allowance discussed in Note 9.

Performance Share Awards Performance share awards are granted under the LTIP Plans, generally vest pursuant to a three year measurement period and are settled on the vesting date. The number of awards ultimately issued under performance share awards is contingent on AMR's relative stock price performance compared to certain of its competitors over a three year period and can range from zero to 175 percent of the awards granted. The fair value of performance awards is calculated by multiplying the stock price on the date of grant by the expected payout percentage and the number of shares granted.

Activity during 2011 for performance awards accounted for as equity awards was:

 

                         
     Awards     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 

Outstanding at January 1

     9,290,446                    

Granted

     795,305                    

Settled

     (1,392,447                 

Forfeited or Expired

     (2,351,609                 
    

 

 

                  
       

Outstanding at December 31

     6,341,695        0.8       $ 2,219,593   
    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

The aggregate intrinsic value represents the Company's current estimate of the number of shares (6,341,695 shares at December 31, 2011) that will ultimately be distributed for outstanding awards computed using the market value of the Company's common stock at December 31, 2011. The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of performance share awards granted during 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $6.58, $7.01 and $4.53, respectively. The total fair value of equity awards settled during the year ended December 31, 2011 was $7 million. As of December 31, 2011, there was $9 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to performance share awards that is expected to be recognized over a period of 1.2 years

Deferred Share Awards The distribution of deferred share awards granted under the LTIP Plans is based solely on a requisite service period (generally 36 months). Career equity awards granted to certain employees of the Company vest upon the retirement of those individuals. The fair value of each deferred award is based on AMR's stock price on the measurement date.

Activity during 2011 for deferred awards accounted for as equity awards was:

 

                         
     Shares     Weighted
Average
Remaining
Contractual
Term
     Aggregate
Intrinsic Value
 

Outstanding at January 1

     8,724,559                    

Granted

     1,068,391                    

Settled

     (1,416,519                 

Forfeited or Expired

     (1,105,410                 
    

 

 

                  
       

Outstanding at December 31

     7,271,021        1.6       $ 2,544,858   
    

 

 

   

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

The weighted-average grant date fair value per share of deferred awards granted during 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $6.29, $7.05 and $4.57, respectively. The total fair value of awards settled during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $1 million, $3 million and $3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2011, there was $15 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to deferred awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.

Other Awards As of December 31, 2011, certain performance share agreements and deferred share award agreements were accounted for as a liability, or as equity, as appropriate, in the consolidated balance sheet as the plans only permit settlement in cash or the awards required that the employee meet certain performance conditions which were not subject to market measurement. As a result, awards under these agreements are marked to current market value. As of December 31, 2011, the aggregate intrinsic value of these awards was $1 million and the weighted average remaining contractual term of these awards was 2.2 years. The total fair value of awards settled during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was $2 million, $2 million, and $1 million respectively. As of December 31, 2011, there was $1 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to other awards that is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.3 years.

 

Due to its Chapter 11 filings, the Company does not plan to continue to distribute shares to recipients under any outstanding equity-based awards.