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Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2013
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]  
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Aircraft Acquisition Commitments
AAG had total aircraft acquisition commitments as of December 31, 2013 as follows:
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Airbus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A320 Family
 
52

 
43

 
25

 
20

 

 

 
140

A320 Neo
 

 

 

 
10

 
25

 
95

 
130

A330-200
 
3

 

 

 

 

 

 
3

A350 XWB
 

 

 

 
6

 
10

 
6

 
22

Boeing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
737 Family
 
20

 
20

 
20

 
20

 

 

 
80

737 MAX
 

 

 

 
3

 
17

 
80

 
100

777-300 ER
 
6

 
2

 
2

 

 

 

 
10

787 Family
 
2

 
11

 
13

 
9

 
7

 

 
42

Bombardier
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CRJ900
 
15

 
15

 

 

 

 

 
30

Embraer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ERJ175
 

 
24

 
24

 
12

 

 

 
60

Total
 
98

 
115

 
84

 
80

 
59

 
181

 
617


As of December 31, 2013, payments for the above purchase commitments and certain engines, and future lease payments for all leased aircraft, are presented in the table below (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Payments for above aircraft commitments and certain engines 1
 
$
3,794

 
$
3,525

 
$
3,382

 
$
3,883

 
$
4,961

 
$
16,346

 
$
35,891

(1)
These amounts are net of purchase deposits currently held by the manufacturers. The Company's purchase deposits totaled $1.1 billion as of December 31, 2013. American has granted Boeing a security interest in American's purchase deposits with Boeing.
In February 2013, American entered into agreements with Boeing that provide for, among other things, the assumption and restructuring of certain existing aircraft purchase agreements, the entering into of a definitive purchase agreement with respect to Boeing 737 MAX aircraft, the confirmation of the purchase of the Boeing 787 aircraft (which previously had been subject to certain reconfirmation rights) and certain financing commitments. American also entered into an amendment to its agreement with Airbus S.A.S. in January 2013.
In December 2013, American entered into agreements with Bombardier Inc. (Bombardier) and Embraer S.A. (Embraer) under which it plans to acquire 30 Bombardier CRJ900 aircraft to be delivered in 2014 and 2015 and 60 Embraer E175 aircraft to be delivered between 2015 and 2017. The agreement also provides for the option to purchase up to 40 additional CRJ900 aircraft and 90 additional E175 aircraft.
    
Facility and support commitments
The Company has contracts related to facility construction or improvement projects, primarily at airport locations as well as information technology support. The contractual obligations related to these contracts are presented in the table below (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Facility construction or improvement contracts
 
$
34

 
$
21

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
55

Information technology support contract
 
129

 
118

 
104

 
87

 
87

 
74

 
599


Capacity Purchase Agreements with Third-Party Regional Carriers
As of December 31, 2013, the Company's capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers had expiration dates ranging from 2014 to 2025, with rights of American or US Airways, respectively, to extend the respective terms of each agreement.
The Company has entered into agreements with the third-party regional carriers that operate certain of their aircraft using American’s or US Airways’ flight designator codes. American or US Airways, respectively, controls the scheduling, pricing, reservations, ticketing and seat inventories of those aircraft and retains all revenues associated with revenue flights by those aircraft. American or US Airways pays the third-party regional carriers an amount, as defined in the applicable agreement, based on the airlines’ costs of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services. As of December 31, 2013, the Company's minimum fixed obligations under its capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional airlines were as follows (approximately, in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Minimum fixed obligations under its capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers 1
 
$
1,666

 
$
1,678

 
$
1,537

 
$
1,249

 
$
1,061

 
$
5,005

 
$
12,196

(1)
Represents minimum payments under capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers. These commitments are estimates of costs based on assumed minimum levels of flying under the capacity purchase agreements and our actual payments could differ materially. These obligations also include the portion of the Company's future obligations related to aircraft deemed to be leased in the amount of approximately $317 million in 2014, $289 million in 2015, $220 million in 2016, $186 million in 2017, $143 million in 2018 and $261 million in 2019 and thereafter.
Operating Leases
The Company leases certain aircraft, engines and ground equipment, in addition to the majority of its ground facilities and terminal space. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had 508 aircraft under operating leases, with remaining terms ranging from one month to approximately 14 years. Airports are utilized for flight operations under lease arrangements with the municipalities or agencies owning or controlling such airports. Substantially all leases provide that the lessee must pay taxes, maintenance, insurance and certain other operating expenses applicable to the leased property. Some leases also include renewal and purchase options.
As of December 31, 2013, obligations under noncancellable operating leases for future minimum lease payments were as follows (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Future minimum lease payments 1
 
$
2,267

 
$
1,934

 
$
1,751

 
$
1,650

 
$
1,426

 
$
6,664

 
$
15,692

(1) As of December 31, 2013, $322 million is included on the accompanying balance sheet in Accrued liabilities and Deferred gains and credits, net relating to rent expense being recorded in advance of future operating lease payments.
Rent expense, excluding landing fees, was $1.7 billion, $1.4 billion and $1.6 billion in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Sale-leaseback Arrangements
During 2013, American financed 31 Boeing 737-800 and three 777-300ER aircraft under sale-leaseback arrangements, which are accounted for as operating leases. Gains and losses associated with these sale-leaseback transactions are amortized over the respective remaining lease term and are included in the consolidated balance sheets as deferred gains and prepaid rent, respectively.
American has entered into sale-leaseback arrangements with certain leasing companies to finance 20 Boeing 737-800 scheduled to be delivered beginning in January 2014. The financings of each aircraft under these arrangements are subject to certain terms and conditions.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Aircraft
AAG has 185 owned aircraft and 144 leased aircraft which were financed with pass through trust certificates, or EETCs, issued by pass through trusts. These trusts are off-balance sheet entities, the primary purpose of which is to finance the acquisition of flight equipment. Rather than finance each aircraft separately when such aircraft is purchased, delivered or refinanced, these trusts allowed AAG to raise the financing for several aircraft at one time and place such funds in escrow pending the purchase, delivery or refinancing of the relevant aircraft. The trusts were also structured to provide for certain credit enhancements, such as liquidity facilities to cover certain interest payments, that reduce the risks to the purchasers of the trust certificates and, as a result, reduce the cost of aircraft financing to AAG.
Each trust covered a set amount of aircraft scheduled to be delivered or refinanced within a specific period of time. At the time of each covered aircraft financing, the relevant trust used the funds in escrow to purchase equipment notes relating to the financed aircraft. The equipment notes were issued, at AAG's election, in connection with a mortgage financing of the aircraft or, in certain cases, by a separate owner trust in connection with a leveraged lease financing of the aircraft. In the case of a leveraged lease financing, the owner trust then leased the aircraft to American or US Airways, as applicable. In both cases, the equipment notes are secured by a security interest in the aircraft. The pass through trust certificates are not direct obligations of, nor are they guaranteed by, AAG, American or US Airways. However, in the case of mortgage financings, the equipment notes issued to the trusts are direct obligations of American or US Airways and in certain instances are guaranteed by AAG or US Airways Group, as applicable. As of December 31, 2013, $6.0 billion associated with these mortgage financings is reflected as debt in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
With respect to leveraged leases, AAG evaluated whether the leases had characteristics of a variable interest entity and concluded the leasing entities met the criteria for variable interest entities. AAG generally is not the primary beneficiary of the leasing entities if the lease terms are consistent with market terms at the inception of the lease and do not include a residual value guarantee, fixed-price purchase option or similar feature that obligates AAG to absorb decreases in value or entitles AAG to participate in increases in the value of the aircraft. AAG does not provide residual value guarantees to the bondholders or equity participants in the trusts. Each lease does have a fair market value or a fixed price purchase option that allows AAG to purchase the aircraft near the end of the lease term. However, the option price approximates an estimate of the aircraft's fair value at the option date. Under this feature, AAG does not participate in any increases in the value of the aircraft. AAG concluded it was not the primary beneficiary under these arrangements. Therefore, AAG accounts for its EETC leveraged lease financings as operating leases. AAG's total future obligations under these leveraged lease financings are $2.1 billion as of December 31, 2013, which are included in the future minimum lease payments table above.
Special Facility Revenue Bonds
AAG guarantees the payment of principal and interest of certain special facility revenue bonds issued by municipalities primarily to build or improve airport facilities and purchase equipment which is leased to AAG. Under such leases, AAG is required to make rental payments through 2035, sufficient to pay maturing principal and interest payments on the related bonds. To the extent these transactions were committed to prior to May 21, 1998, they are accounted for as operating leases. Approximately $498 million of the special facility revenue bonds, with total future payments of approximately $715 million as of December 31, 2013, are guaranteed by AAG, American, US Airways Group or US Airways. Approximately $112 million of these special facility revenue bonds contain mandatory tender provisions that require American to make operating lease payments sufficient to repurchase the bonds in 2014. Although American has the right to remarket the bonds, there can be no assurance that these bonds will be successfully remarketed. Any payments to redeem or purchase bonds that are not remarketed would generally reduce existing rent leveling accruals or are considered prepaid facility rentals and would reduce future operating lease commitments.
Legal Proceedings
Chapter 11 Cases. As previously disclosed, on the Petition Date, November 29, 2011, the Debtors filed voluntary petitions for relief under the Bankruptcy Code. On October 21, 2013, the Bankruptcy Court entered the Confirmation Order approving and confirming the Debtors' Plan. On the Effective Date, December 9, 2013, the Debtors consummated their reorganization pursuant to the Plan, principally through the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into US Airways Group, with US Airways Group surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of AAG. From the Petition Date through the Effective Date, pursuant to automatic stay provisions under the Bankruptcy Code and orders granted by the Bankruptcy Court, all actions to enforce or otherwise effect repayment of liabilities preceding the Petition Date as well as all pending litigation against the Debtors generally were stayed. Following the Effective Date, actions to enforce or otherwise effect repayment of liabilities preceding the Petition Date, generally have been permanently enjoined. Any unresolved claims will continue to be subject to the claims reconciliation process under the supervision of the Bankruptcy Court. However, certain pending litigation related to pre-petition liabilities may proceed in courts other than the Bankruptcy Court to the extent the parties to such litigation have obtained relief from the permanent injunction.
Pursuant to rulings of the Bankruptcy Court, the Plan has established a disputed claim reserve to hold shares of AAG Series A Preferred Stock and AAG Common Stock reserved for issuance to disputed claimholders that ultimately become allowed Single-Dip general unsecured claimholders after emergence. The shares provided for under the Plan are determined based upon a disputed claim reserve amount of approximately $755 million. As disputed claims are resolved, the claimants receive distributions of shares from the reserve on the same basis as if such distributions had been made on or about the Effective Date. To the extent that any of the reserved shares remain undistributed upon resolution of the remaining disputed claims, such shares will not be returned to AAG but rather will be distributed by priority first, if necessary, to satisfy unsecured claims or labor-related obligations, and then to former AMR shareholders as of the Effective Date. AAG is not required to distribute additional shares above the 756 million shares contemplated by the Plan, even if the shares remaining for distribution are not sufficient to fully pay all allowed unsecured claims. However, resolution of disputed claims could have a material effect on Single-Dip creditor recoveries under the Plan and the amount of additional share distributions, if any, that are made to former AMR shareholders as the total number of shares of AAG Common Stock that remain available for distribution upon resolution of disputed claims is limited pursuant to the Plan.
There is also pending in the Bankruptcy Court an adversary proceeding relating to an action brought by American to seek a determination that certain non-pension, post-employee benefits are not vested benefits and thus may be terminated without liability to American. The Bankruptcy Court has not yet ruled on this matter and we cannot predict whether American will receive relief from any of these obligations.
Government Antitrust Actions. On August 13, 2013, the U.S. government, along with the States of Arizona, Florida, Tennessee and Texas, the Commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia (collectively, the plaintiff states), filed a complaint against US Airways Group and AMR in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. The plaintiffs alleged, among other things, that the proposed Merger would substantially lessen competition in violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act and sought to permanently enjoin the transaction. On September 5, 2013, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, adding the State of Michigan as a plaintiff. On October 1, 2013, the State of Texas entered into an agreement with US Airways Group and AMR that resolved that state’s objections to the Merger, and its claims were dismissed with prejudice on October 7, 2013. On November 11, 2013, US Airways and American entered into agreements with the U.S. government and the plaintiff states resolving all claims in the litigation. The agreement with the U.S. government requires the carriers to divest assets at certain airports and remains subject to public comment and court approval. In the agreement with the United States government, among other things, we agreed to divest and not reacquire for ten years certain rights and assets consisting of 52 Slot pairs at Washington Reagan National Airport, and 17 Slot pairs at LaGuardia, in each case together with and associated gates and related ground facilities necessary to operate those Slot pairs, and two gates at each of Boston Logan International Airport, Chicago O’Hare International Airport, Dallas Love Field, Los Angeles International Airport and Miami International Airport. The agreement with the plaintiff states, which was entered by the court on November 12, 2013, requires our airlines, subject to certain conditions and exceptions, to maintain certain hub operations in a manner generally consistent with historical operations and to continue to provide scheduled daily service to certain specified communities, both for limited periods of time. In addition, we entered into a related settlement with the DOT related to small community service from Washington Reagan National Airport
Merger Class Action. On March 1, 2013, a complaint captioned Plumbers & Steamfitters Local Union No. 248 Pension Fund v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., No. CV2013-051605, was filed as a putative class action on behalf of the stockholders of US Airways Group in the Superior Court for Maricopa County, Arizona. On July 3, 2013, an amended complaint, captioned Dennis Palkon, et al. v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., No. CV2013-051605, was filed with the same court. The amended complaint names as defendants US Airways Group and the members of its board of directors, and alleges that the directors failed to maximize the value of US Airways Group in connection with the Merger and that US Airways Group aided and abetted those breaches of fiduciary duty. The relief sought in the amended complaint includes an injunction against the Merger, or rescission in the event it has been consummated. The court in the above-referenced action denied the plaintiff’s motion for a temporary restraining order that had sought to enjoin the US Airways Group Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The above-referenced action was stayed pending the outcome of the antitrust lawsuit filed by the U.S. government and various states on August 13, 2013 (described above). This stay has now been lifted and a motion to dismiss this action filed by US Airways Group is pending before the court. We believe this lawsuit is without merit and intend to vigorously defend against the allegations.
Private Party Antitrust Action. On July 2, 2013, a lawsuit captioned Carolyn Fjord, et al., v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint names as defendants US Airways Group and US Airways, and alleges that the effect of the Merger may be to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Antitrust Act. The relief sought in the complaint includes an injunction against the Merger, or divestiture. On August 6, 2013, the plaintiffs re-filed their complaint in the Bankruptcy Court, adding AMR and American as defendants, and on October 2, 2013, dismissed the initial California action. The Bankruptcy Court denied plaintiffs’ motion to preliminarily enjoin the Merger. On January 10, 2014, the Plaintiffs moved to amend their complaint to add a claim for money damages and to request injunctive relief requiring the carriers to hold separate their assets. Trial is set for June 2014. We believe this lawsuit is without merit and intend to vigorously defend against the allegations.
US Airways Sabre Matter. On April 21, 2011, US Airways Inc. filed an antitrust lawsuit against Sabre Holdings Corporation, Sabre Inc. and Sabre Travel International Limited (collectively, Sabre) in Federal District Court for the Southern District of New York. The lawsuit, as amended to date, alleges, among other things, that Sabre has engaged in anticompetitive practices to preserve its market power by restricting our ability to distribute our products to our customers. The lawsuit also alleges that these actions have permitted Sabre to charge supracompetitive booking fees and to use technologies that are not as robust and as efficient as alternatives in a competitive market. The lawsuit seeks both injunctive relief and money damages. Sabre filed a motion to dismiss the case, which the court denied in part and granted in part in September 2011 allowing two of the four counts in the complaint to proceed. We intend to pursue our claims against Sabre vigorously, but there can be no assurance of the outcome of this litigation.
General. The Company and its subsidiaries are also engaged in other legal proceedings from time to time. Legal proceedings can be complex and take many months, or even years, to reach resolution, with the final outcome depending on a number of variables, some of which are not within the control of the Company. Therefore, although the Company will vigorously defend itself in each of the actions described above and such other legal proceedings, their ultimate resolution and potential financial and other impacts on the Company are uncertain.
Guarantees and Indemnifications
US Airways assigned to Delta a lease agreement with the Port Authority of New York and New Jersey related to the East End Terminal at LaGuardia airport. A portion of the rental payments under the lease are used to repay special revenue bonds issued by the Port Authority. The revenue bonds have a final scheduled maturity in 2015 and had an outstanding principal amount of approximately $43 million at December 31, 2013. Pursuant to the terms of the lease assignment, US Airways is contingently liable for Delta's obligations, as assignee, under the lease agreement in the event Delta fails to perform such obligations including, without limitation, the payment of all rentals and other amounts due under the lease agreement. US Airways has the right to cure any failure by Delta to perform its obligations under the lease agreement and, in addition, US Airways has the right to reoccupy the terminal if it so chooses to cure any such default.
The Company is a party to many routine contracts in which it provides general indemnities in the normal course of business to third parties for various risks. The Company is not able to estimate the potential amount of any liability resulting from the indemnities. These indemnities are discussed in the following paragraphs.
In its aircraft financing agreements, the Company generally indemnifies the financing parties, trustees acting on their behalf and other relevant parties against liabilities (including certain taxes) resulting from the financing, manufacture, design, ownership, operation and maintenance of the aircraft regardless of whether these liabilities (or taxes) relate to the negligence of the indemnified parties.
The Company's loan agreements and other London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)-based financing transactions (including certain leveraged aircraft leases) generally obligate the Company to reimburse the applicable lender for incremental costs due to a change in law that imposes (i) any reserve or special deposit requirement against assets of, deposits with or credit extended by such lender related to the loan, (ii) any tax, duty or other charge with respect to the loan (except standard income tax) or (iii) capital adequacy requirements. In addition, the Company's loan agreements, derivative contracts and other financing arrangements typically contain a withholding tax provision that requires the Company to pay additional amounts to the applicable lender or other financing party, generally if withholding taxes are imposed on such lender or other financing party as a result of a change in the applicable tax law.
These increased cost and withholding tax provisions continue for the entire term of the applicable transaction, and there is no limitation on the maximum additional amounts the Company could be obligated to pay under such provisions. Any failure to pay amounts due under such provisions generally would trigger an event of default and, in a secured financing transaction, would entitle the lender to foreclose on the collateral to realize the amount due.
In certain transactions, including certain aircraft financing leases and loans and derivative transactions, the lessors, lenders and/or other parties have rights to terminate the transaction based on changes in foreign tax law, illegality or certain other events or circumstances. In such a case, the Company may be required to make a lump sum payment to terminate the relevant transaction.
The Company has general indemnity clauses in many of its airport and other real estate leases where the Company as lessee indemnifies the lessor (and related parties) against liabilities related to the Company's use of the leased property. Generally, these indemnifications cover liabilities resulting from the negligence of the indemnified parties, but not liabilities resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the indemnified parties. In addition, the Company provides environmental indemnities in many of these leases for contamination related to the Company's use of the leased property.
Under certain contracts with third parties, the Company indemnifies the third-party against legal liability arising out of an action by the third-party, or certain other parties. The terms of these contracts vary and the potential exposure under these indemnities cannot be determined. The Company has liability insurance protecting the Company for some of the obligations it has undertaken under these indemnities.
The Company is involved in certain claims and litigation related to its operations. The Company is also subject to regulatory assessments in the ordinary course of business. The Company establishes reserves for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and can be reasonably estimated. In the opinion of management, liabilities, if any, arising from these regulatory matters, claims and litigation will not have a material adverse effect on the Company's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows, after consideration of available insurance.
Venezuela Cash and Short-term Investments
The business environment in Venezuela has been challenging, with economic uncertainty fueled by currency devaluation, high inflation and governmental restrictions, including currency exchange and payment controls, price controls and the possibility of expropriation of property or other resources. As of December 31, 2013, approximately $710 million of our unrestricted cash balance was held as Venezuelan bolivars, valued at a weighted average rate of 6.04 bolivars to the dollar. The period of time to exchange those funds into dollars and repatriate them has been increasing and is presently more than a year. On January 23, 2014, the Venezuelan government issued a regulation to implement a new system for determining the exchange rate based on the result of limited periodic sales of dollars known as Sicad auctions (currently 11.80 to the dollar based on the February 21, 2014 Sicad auction) for repatriation of income from future ticket sales, and introduced new procedures for approval of conversion and repatriation of local currency. The government also enacted a new law effective February 19, 2014 that authorizes additional methods of exchanging Venezuelan bolivars at rates other than the controlled base rate of 6.3 to the dollar or the existing Sicad auction rate, but the regulations necessary to implement the law are still pending and it is not clear at this point whether or how the new methods may impact the pending balances of Venezuelan bolivars held by airlines. We are working with Venezuelan authorities regarding the timing and exchange rate applicable to the repatriation of funds held in local currency. Further, the current, devalued rates may have an ongoing adverse effect on our reported results if we are unable to fully adjust prices on flights to and from Venezuela, of which there can be no assurance. More generally, fluctuations in foreign currencies, including devaluations, cannot be predicted by the Company and can significantly affect the value of our assets located outside the United States. These conditions, as well as any further delays, devaluations or imposition of more stringent repatriation restrictions, may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. See Part I, Item 1A. - Risk Factors "We operate a global business with international operations that are subject to economic and political instability and have been, and in the future may continue to be, adversely affected by numerous events, circumstances or government actions beyond our control" for additional discussion on currency risks.
    
Other
In 2010, American and Japan Airlines entered into a JBA under which, amongst other things, American provided Japan Airlines a guarantee of certain minimum incremental revenue resulting from the successful operation of the joint business for the first three years following its implementation, subject to certain terms and conditions. As of December 31, 2013, American reached an agreement with JAL to settle the liability at an amount already recorded.
In the fourth quarter of 2012, the Company entered into a settlement agreement resolving a commercial dispute. The settlement agreement includes two elements which were valued at relative fair value and will be recognized when earned. The Company determined that the settlement includes a litigation gain of $280 million, which was valued using future cash flows and recognized in the fourth quarter of 2012. The settlement also includes an incentive which is contingent upon signing a future contract and will be recognized over the term of the future contract. The contract was signed in January, 2014.
As a result of the Terrorist Attacks and the subsequent liability protections provided for by the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (the Stabilization Act), the Company recorded a liability for the Terrorist Attacks claims equal to the related insurance receivable due to American. The Stabilization Act provides that, notwithstanding any other provision of law, liability for all claims, whether compensatory or punitive, arising from the Terrorist Attacks, against any air carrier shall not exceed the liability coverage maintained by the air carrier. As of December 31, 2013, the remaining liability and the amount of the offsetting receivable were each $1.0 billion.
AA [Member]
 
Loss Contingencies [Line Items]  
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Commitments, Contingencies and Guarantees
Aircraft Acquisition Commitments
American had total aircraft acquisition commitments as of December 31, 2013 as follows:
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Airbus
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
A320 Family
 
35

 
30

 
25

 
20

 

 

 
110

A320 Neo
 

 

 

 
10

 
25

 
95

 
130

Boeing
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
737 Family
 
20

 
20

 
20

 
20

 

 

 
80

737 MAX
 

 

 

 
3

 
17

 
80

 
100

777-300 ER
 
6

 
2

 
2

 

 

 

 
10

787 Family
 
2

 
11

 
13

 
9

 
7

 

 
42

Bombardier
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
CRJ900
 
15

 
15

 

 

 

 

 
30

Embraer
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ERJ175
 

 
24

 
24

 
12

 

 

 
60

Total
 
78

 
102

 
84

 
74

 
49

 
175

 
562


As of December 31, 2013, payments for the above purchase commitments and certain engines, and future lease payments for all leased aircraft are presented in the table below (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Payments for above aircraft commitments and certain engines (1)
 
$
2,817

 
$
2,965

 
$
3,275

 
$
3,204

 
$
4,018

 
$
15,794

 
$
32,073

(1)
These amounts are net of purchase deposits currently held by the manufacturers. American's purchase deposits totaled $847 million as of December 31, 2013. American has granted Boeing a security interest in American's purchase deposits with Boeing.
In February 2013, American entered into agreements with Boeing that provide for, among other things, the assumption and restructuring of certain existing aircraft purchase agreements, the entering into of a definitive purchase agreement with respect to Boeing 737 MAX aircraft, the confirmation of the purchase of the Boeing 787 aircraft (which previously had been subject to certain reconfirmation rights) and certain financing commitments. American also entered into an amendment to its agreement with Airbus S.A.S. in January 2013.
In December 2013, American entered into agreements with Bombardier Inc. (Bombardier) and Embraer S.A. (Embraer) under which it plans to acquire 30 Bombardier CRJ900 aircraft to be delivered in 2014 and 2015 and 60 Embraer E175 aircraft to be delivered between 2015 and 2017. The agreement also provides for the option to purchase up to 40 additional CRJ900 aircraft and 90 additional E175 aircraft.
Facility and support commitments
American has contracts related to facility construction or improvement projects, primarily at airport locations as well as information technology support. The contractual obligations related to these contracts are presented in the table below (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Facility construction or improvement contracts
 
$
34

 
$
21

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
55

Information technology support contract
 
129

 
118

 
104

 
87

 
87

 
74

 
599


Capacity Purchase Agreements with Third-Party Regional Carriers
As of December 31, 2013, American's capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers had expiration dates ranging from 2014 to 2025, with rights of American to extend the respective terms of each agreement. See Part I, Item 2. Properties for information on the aircraft contractually obligated to American under such capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers.
American has entered into agreements with the third-party regional carriers that operate certain of their aircraft using American's flight designator codes. American controls the scheduling, pricing, reservations, ticketing and seat inventories of those aircraft and retains all revenues associated with revenue flights by those aircraft. American pays the third-party regional carriers an amount, as defined in the applicable agreement, based on the airlines' costs of operating those flights and other factors intended to approximate market rates for those services. As of December 31, 2013, American's minimum fixed obligations under its capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers were as follows (approximately, in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Minimum fixed obligations under its capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers 1
 
$
521

 
$
670

 
$
676

 
$
520

 
$
511

 
$
3,849

 
$
6,747

(1)
Represents minimum payments under capacity purchase agreements with third-party regional carriers. These commitments are estimates of costs based on assumed minimum levels of flying under the capacity purchase agreements and our actual payments could differ materially.
Operating Leases
American leases certain aircraft, engines and ground equipment, in addition to the majority of its ground facilities and terminal space. As of December 31, 2013, the Company had 247 aircraft under operating leases, with remaining terms ranging from one month to approximately 14 years. Airports are utilized for flight operations under lease arrangements with the municipalities or agencies owning or controlling such airports. Substantially all leases provide that the lessee must pay taxes, maintenance, insurance and certain other operating expenses applicable to the leased property. Some leases also include renewal and purchase options.
As of December 31, 2013, obligations under noncancellable operating leases for future minimum lease payments were as follows (in millions):
 
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
 
2018
 
2019 and Thereafter
 
Total
Future minimum lease payments 1
 
$
1,384

 
$
1,204

 
$
1,117

 
$
1,061

 
$
982

 
$
5,302

 
$
11,050

(1) As of December 31, 2013, $298 million is included on the accompanying balance sheet in Accrued liabilities and Deferred gains and credits, net relating to rent expense being recorded in advance of future operating lease payments.
Rent expense, excluding landing fees, was $1.6 billion, $1.4 billion and $1.6 billion in 2013, 2012 and 2011, respectively.
Sale-leaseback Arrangements
During 2013, American financed 31 Boeing 737-800 and three 777-300ER aircraft under sale-leaseback arrangements, which are accounted for as operating leases. Gains and losses associated with these sale-leaseback transactions are amortized over the respective remaining lease term and are included in the consolidated balance sheets as deferred gains and prepaid rent, respectively.
American has entered into sale-leaseback arrangements with certain leasing companies to finance 20 Boeing 737-800 scheduled to be delivered beginning in 2014. The financings of each aircraft under these arrangements are subject to certain terms and conditions.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
Aircraft
American has 118 owned aircraft and 32 leased aircraft which were financed with pass through trust certificates, or EETCs, issued by pass through trusts. These trusts are off-balance sheet entities, the primary purpose of which is to finance the acquisition of flight equipment. Rather than finance each aircraft separately when such aircraft is purchased, delivered or refinanced, these trusts allowed American to raise the financing for several aircraft at one time and place such funds in escrow pending the purchase, delivery or refinancing of the relevant aircraft. The trusts were also structured to provide for certain credit enhancements, such as liquidity facilities to cover certain interest payments, that reduce the risks to the purchasers of the trust certificates and, as a result, reduce the cost of aircraft financing to American.
Each trust covered a set amount of aircraft scheduled to be delivered or refinanced within a specific period of time. At the time of each covered aircraft financing, the relevant trust used the funds in escrow to purchase equipment notes relating to the financed aircraft. The equipment notes were issued, at American's election, in connection with a mortgage financing of the aircraft or, in certain cases, by a separate owner trust in connection with a leveraged lease financing of the aircraft. In the case of a leveraged lease financing, the owner trust then leased the aircraft to American. In both cases, the equipment notes are secured by a security interest in the aircraft. The pass through trust certificates are not direct obligations of, nor are they guaranteed by American. However, in the case of mortgage financings, the equipment notes issued to the trusts are direct obligations of American and in certain instances are guaranteed by AAG. As of December 31, 2013, $3.5 billion associated with these mortgage financings is reflected as debt in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet.
With respect to leveraged leases, American evaluated whether the leases had characteristics of a variable interest entity and concluded the leasing entities met the criteria for variable interest entities. American generally is not the primary beneficiary of the leasing entities if the lease terms are consistent with market terms at the inception of the lease and do not include a residual value guarantee, fixed-price purchase option or similar feature that obligates American to absorb decreases in value or entitles American to participate in increases in the value of the aircraft. American does not provide residual value guarantees to the bondholders or equity participants in the trusts. Each lease does have a fair market value or a fixed price purchase option that allows American to purchase the aircraft near the end of the lease term. However, the option price approximates an estimate of the aircraft's fair value at the option date. Under this feature, American does not participate in any increases in the value of the aircraft. American concluded it was not the primary beneficiary under these arrangements. Therefore, American accounts for its EETC leveraged lease financings as operating leases. American's has no future obligations under these leveraged lease financing as of December 31, 2013.
Special Facility Revenue Bonds
American guarantees the payment of principal and interest of certain special facility revenue bonds issued by municipalities primarily to build or improve airport facilities and purchase equipment which is leased to American. Under such leases, American is required to make rental payments through 2035, sufficient to pay maturing principal and interest payments on the related bonds. To the extent these transactions were committed to prior to May 21, 1998, they are accounted for as operating leases. Approximately $426 million of the special facility revenue bonds are outstanding at December 31, 2013 with total future payments of approximately $619 million as of December 31, 2013. Approximately $112 million of these special facility revenue bonds contain mandatory tender provisions that require American to make operating lease payments sufficient to repurchase the bonds in 2014. Although American has the right to remarket the bonds, there can be no assurance that these bonds will be successfully remarketed. Any payments to redeem or purchase bonds that are not remarketed would generally reduce existing rent leveling accruals or are considered prepaid facility rentals and would reduce future operating lease commitments.
Legal Proceedings
Chapter 11 Cases. As previously disclosed, on the Petition Date, November 29, 2011, the Debtors filed voluntary petitions for relief under the Bankruptcy Code. On October 21, 2013, the Bankruptcy Court entered the Confirmation Order approving and confirming the Debtors' Plan. On the Effective Date, December 9, 2013, the Debtors consummated their reorganization pursuant to the Plan, principally through the transactions contemplated by the Merger Agreement pursuant to which Merger Sub merged with and into US Airways Group, with US Airways Group surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of AAG. From the Petition Date through the Effective Date, pursuant to automatic stay provisions under the Bankruptcy Code and orders granted by the Bankruptcy Court, all actions to enforce or otherwise effect repayment of liabilities preceding the Petition Date as well as all pending litigation against the Debtors generally were stayed. Following the Effective Date, actions to enforce or otherwise effect repayment of liabilities preceding the Petition Date, generally have been permanently enjoined. Any unresolved claims will continue to be subject to the claims reconciliation process under the supervision of the Bankruptcy Court. However, certain pending litigation related to pre-petition liabilities may proceed in courts other than the Bankruptcy Court to the extent the parties to such litigation have obtained relief from the permanent injunction.
Pursuant to rulings of the Bankruptcy Court, the Plan has established a disputed claim reserve to hold shares of AAG Series A Preferred Stock and AAG Common Stock reserved for issuance to disputed claimholders that ultimately become allowed Single-Dip general unsecured claimholders after emergence. The shares provided for under the Plan are determined based upon a disputed claim reserve amount of approximately $755 million. As disputed claims are resolved, the claimants receive distributions of shares from the reserve on the same basis as if such distributions had been made on or about the Effective Date. To the extent that any of the reserved shares remain undistributed upon resolution of the remaining disputed claims, such shares will not be returned to AAG but rather will be distributed by priority first, if necessary, to satisfy unsecured claims or labor-related obligations, and then to former AMR shareholders as of the Effective Date. AAG is not required to distribute additional shares above the 756 million shares contemplated by the Plan, even if the shares remaining for distribution are not sufficient to fully pay all allowed unsecured claims. However, resolution of disputed claims could have a material effect on Single-Dip creditor recoveries under the Plan and the amount of additional share distributions, if any, that are made to former AMR shareholders as the total number of shares of AAG Common Stock that remain available for distribution upon resolution of disputed claims is limited pursuant to the Plan.
There is also pending in the Bankruptcy Court an adversary proceeding relating to an action brought by American to seek a determination that certain non-pension, post-employee benefits are not vested benefits and thus may be terminated without liability to American. The Bankruptcy Court has not yet ruled on this matter and we cannot predict whether American will receive relief from any of these obligations.
Government Antitrust Actions. On August 13, 2013, the U.S. government, along with the States of Arizona, Florida, Tennessee and Texas, the Commonwealths of Pennsylvania and Virginia, and the District of Columbia (collectively, the plaintiff states), filed a complaint against US Airways Group and AMR in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia. The plaintiffs alleged, among other things, that the proposed Merger would substantially lessen competition in violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Act and sought to permanently enjoin the transaction. On September 5, 2013, the plaintiffs filed an amended complaint, adding the State of Michigan as a plaintiff. On October 1, 2013, the State of Texas entered into an agreement with US Airways Group and AMR that resolved that state’s objections to the Merger, and its claims were dismissed with prejudice on October 7, 2013. On November 11, 2013, US Airways and American entered into agreements with the U.S. government and the plaintiff states resolving all claims in the litigation. The agreement with the U.S. government requires the carriers to divest assets at certain airports and remains subject to public comment and court approval. In the agreement with the United States government, among other things, we agreed to divest and not reacquire for ten years certain rights and assets consisting of 52 Slot pairs at Washington Reagan National Airport, and 17 Slot pairs at LaGuardia, in each case together with and associated gates and related ground facilities necessary to operate those Slot pairs, and two gates at each of Boston Logan International Airport, Chicago O’Hare International Airport, Dallas Love Field, Los Angeles International Airport and Miami International Airport. The agreement with the plaintiff states, which was entered by the court on November 12, 2013, requires our airlines, subject to certain conditions and exceptions, to maintain certain hub operations in a manner generally consistent with historical operations and to continue to provide scheduled daily service to certain specified communities, both for limited periods of time. In addition, we entered into a related settlement with the DOT related to small community service from Washington Reagan National Airport
Merger Class Action. On March 1, 2013, a complaint captioned Plumbers & Steamfitters Local Union No. 248 Pension Fund v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., No. CV2013-051605, was filed as a putative class action on behalf of the stockholders of US Airways Group in the Superior Court for Maricopa County, Arizona. On July 3, 2013, an amended complaint, captioned Dennis Palkon, et al. v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., No. CV2013-051605, was filed with the same court. The amended complaint names as defendants US Airways Group and the members of its board of directors, and alleges that the directors failed to maximize the value of US Airways Group in connection with the Merger and that US Airways Group aided and abetted those breaches of fiduciary duty. The relief sought in the amended complaint includes an injunction against the Merger, or rescission in the event it has been consummated. The court in the above-referenced action denied the plaintiff’s motion for a temporary restraining order that had sought to enjoin the US Airways Group Annual Meeting of Stockholders. The above-referenced action was stayed pending the outcome of the antitrust lawsuit filed by the U.S. government and various states on August 13, 2013 (described above). This stay has now been lifted and a motion to dismiss this action filed by US Airways Group is pending before the court. We believe this lawsuit is without merit and intend to vigorously defend against the allegations.
Private Party Antitrust Action. On July 2, 2013, a lawsuit captioned Carolyn Fjord, et al., v. US Airways Group, Inc., et al., was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The complaint names as defendants US Airways Group and US Airways, and alleges that the effect of the Merger may be to substantially lessen competition or tend to create a monopoly in violation of Section 7 of the Clayton Antitrust Act. The relief sought in the complaint includes an injunction against the Merger, or divestiture. On August 6, 2013, the plaintiffs re-filed their complaint in the Bankruptcy Court, adding AMR and American as defendants, and on October 2, 2013, dismissed the initial California action. The Bankruptcy Court denied plaintiffs’ motion to preliminarily enjoin the Merger. On January 10, 2014, the Plaintiffs moved to amend their complaint to add a claim for money damages and to request injunctive relief requiring the carriers to hold separate their assets. Trial is set for June 2014. We believe this lawsuit is without merit and intend to vigorously defend against the allegations.
General. The Company and its subsidiaries are also engaged in other legal proceedings from time to time. Legal proceedings can be complex and take many months, or even years, to reach resolution, with the final outcome depending on a number of variables, some of which are not within the control of the Company. Therefore, although the Company will vigorously defend itself in each of the actions described above and such other legal proceedings, their ultimate resolution and potential financial and other impacts on the Company are uncertain.
Guarantees and Indemnifications
The Company is a party to many routine contracts in which it provides general indemnities in the normal course of business to third parties for various risks. The Company is not able to estimate the potential amount of any liability resulting from the indemnities. These indemnities are discussed in the following paragraphs.
In its aircraft financing agreements, American generally indemnifies the financing parties, trustees acting on their behalf and other relevant parties against liabilities (including certain taxes) resulting from the financing, manufacture, design, ownership, operation and maintenance of the aircraft regardless of whether these liabilities (or taxes) relate to the negligence of the indemnified parties.
American's loan agreements and other London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR)-based financing transactions (including certain leveraged aircraft leases) generally obligate American to reimburse the applicable lender for incremental costs due to a change in law that imposes (i) any reserve or special deposit requirement against assets of, deposits with or credit extended by such lender related to the loan, (ii) any tax, duty or other charge with respect to the loan (except standard income tax) or (iii) capital adequacy requirements. In addition, American's loan agreements, derivative contracts and other financing arrangements typically contain a withholding tax provision that requires American to pay additional amounts to the applicable lender or other financing party, generally if withholding taxes are imposed on such lender or other financing party as a result of a change in the applicable tax law.
These increased cost and withholding tax provisions continue for the entire term of the applicable transaction, and there is no limitation on the maximum additional amounts American could be obligated to pay under such provisions. Any failure to pay amounts due under such provisions generally would trigger an event of default and, in a secured financing transaction, would entitle the lender to foreclose on the collateral to realize the amount due.
In certain transactions, including certain aircraft financing leases and loans and derivative transactions, the lessors, lenders and/or other parties have rights to terminate the transaction based on changes in foreign tax law, illegality or certain other events or circumstances. In such a case, American may be required to make a lump sum payment to terminate the relevant transaction.
American has general indemnity clauses in many of its airport and other real estate leases where American as lessee indemnifies the lessor (and related parties) against liabilities related to American's use of the leased property. Generally, these indemnifications cover liabilities resulting from the negligence of the indemnified parties, but not liabilities resulting from the gross negligence or willful misconduct of the indemnified parties. In addition, American provides environmental indemnities in many of these leases for contamination related to American's use of the leased property.
Under certain contracts with third parties, American indemnifies the third-party against legal liability arising out of an action by the third-party, or certain other parties. The terms of these contracts vary and the potential exposure under these indemnities cannot be determined. American has liability insurance protecting American for some of the obligations it has undertaken under these indemnities.
American is involved in certain claims and litigation related to its operations. American is also subject to regulatory assessments in the ordinary course of business. American establishes reserves for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and can be reasonably estimated. In the opinion of management, liabilities, if any, arising from these regulatory matters, claims and litigation will not have a material adverse effect on American's consolidated financial position, results of operations, or cash flows, after consideration of available insurance.
Venezuela Cash and Short-term Investments
The business environment in Venezuela has been challenging, with economic uncertainty fueled by currency devaluation, high inflation and governmental restrictions, including currency exchange and payment controls, price controls and the possibility of expropriation of property or other resources. As of December 31, 2013, approximately $710 million of our unrestricted cash balance was held as Venezuelan bolivars, valued at a weighted average rate of 6.04 bolivars to the dollar. The period of time to exchange those funds into dollars and repatriate them has been increasing and is presently more than a year. On January 23, 2014, the Venezuelan government issued a regulation to implement a new system for determining the exchange rate based on the result of limited periodic sales of dollars known as Sicad auctions (currently 11.80 to the dollar based on the February 21, 2014 Sicad auction) for repatriation of income from future ticket sales, and introduced new procedures for approval of conversion and repatriation of local currency. The government also enacted a new law effective February 19, 2014 that authorizes additional methods of exchanging Venezuelan bolivars at rates other than the controlled base rate of 6.3 to the dollar or the existing Sicad auction rate, but the regulations necessary to implement the law are still pending and it is not clear at this point whether or how the new methods may impact the pending balances of Venezuelan bolivars held by airlines. We are working with Venezuelan authorities regarding the timing and exchange rate applicable to the repatriation of funds held in local currency. Further, the current, devalued rates may have an ongoing adverse effect on our reported results if we are unable to fully adjust prices on flights to and from Venezuela, of which there can be no assurance. More generally, fluctuations in foreign currencies, including devaluations, cannot be predicted by the Company and can significantly affect the value of our assets located outside the United States. These conditions, as well as any further delays, devaluations or imposition of more stringent repatriation restrictions, may materially adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition. See Part I, Item 1A. Risk Factors "We operate a global business with international operations that are subject to economic and political instability and have been, and in the future may continue to be, adversely affected by numerous events, circumstances or government actions beyond our control." for additional discussion on currency risks.
Other
In 2010, American and Japan Airlines entered into a JBA under which, amongst other things, American provided Japan Airlines a guarantee of certain minimum incremental revenue resulting from the successful operation of the joint business for the first three years following its implementation, subject to certain terms and conditions. As of December 31, 2013, American reached an agreement with JAL to settle the liability at an amount already recorded.
In the fourth quarter of 2012, American entered into a settlement agreement resolving a commercial dispute. The settlement agreement includes two elements which were valued at relative fair value and will be recognized when earned. American determined that the settlement includes a litigation gain of $280 million, which was valued using future cash flows and recognized in the fourth quarter of 2012. The settlement also includes an incentive which is contingent upon signing a future contract and will be recognized over the term of the future contract. The contract was signed in January, 2014.
As a result of the Terrorist Attacks and the subsequent liability protections provided for by the Air Transportation Safety and System Stabilization Act (the Stabilization Act), the Company recorded a liability for the Terrorist Attacks claims equal to the related insurance receivable due to American. The Stabilization Act provides that, notwithstanding any other provision of law, liability for all claims, whether compensatory or punitive, arising from the Terrorist Attacks, against any air carrier shall not exceed the liability coverage maintained by the air carrier. As of December 31, 2013, the remaining liability and the amount of the offsetting receivable were each $1.0 billion.