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Commitments and Contingencies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]  
Commitments and Contingencies

17. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is subject to various legal proceedings and claims that have arisen in the ordinary course of business which have not been fully resolved. The outcome of any litigation is inherently uncertain. When a loss related to a legal proceeding or claim is probable and reasonably estimable, the Company accrues its best estimate for the ultimate resolution of the matter.

As of December 31, 2024, various product-related lawsuits were pending. To the extent permitted under applicable law, all of these are insured with self-insurance retention levels. The Company’s self-insurance retention levels have varied over the last 10 years. As of December 31, 2024, the largest self-insured retention level for new occurrences currently maintained by the Company is $3.0 million per occurrence and applies to product liability claims arising in North America.

As of December 31, 2024, current and long-term product liability reserves were $1.4 million and $5.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2023, current and long-term product liabilities reserves were $11.4 million and $5.1 million, respectively. Current product liability reserves are included within other liabilities and long-term product liability reserves are included within other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. These amounts are not reduced for insurance recoveries for claims above the Company's self-insured retention level. As of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had zero and $3.9 million, respectively, of estimated insurance recoveries included in the other current assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Reserves for product-related lawsuits were estimated using a combination of actual case reserves and actuarial methods. Based on the Company’s experience in defending product liability claims, management believes the reserves are adequate for estimated case resolutions on aggregate self-insured claims and insured claims. Any recoveries from insurance carriers are dependent upon the legal sufficiency of claims and solvency of insurance carriers.

As of December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company had reserved $45.3 million and $56.8 million, respectively, for warranty and other related claims included in product warranties and other non-current liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Certain of these warranty and other related claims involve matters in dispute that ultimately are resolved by negotiation, arbitration, or litigation. Refer to Note 18, “Guarantees,” for further information.

It is reasonably possible that the estimates for warranty and other related claims, product liability, asbestos-related claims and other various legal matters may change based upon new information that may arise or matters that are beyond the scope of the Company’s historical experience. Presently, there are no reliable methods to estimate the amount of any such potential changes. The ultimate resolution of these matters, individually and in the aggregate, is not expected to have a material adverse effect on the Company’s financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.

In July 2017, the Company received an Information Request from the United States Environmental Protection Agency (“U.S. EPA”) relating to the sales of cranes manufactured between January 1, 2014 and July 31, 2017 and the Company’s related participation in the Transition Program for Equipment Manufacturers (the “TPEM” program). The TPEM program allowed equipment manufacturers to delay installing engines meeting Tier 4 final emission standards in their products, subject to certain percentage allowance restrictions.

As of December 31, 2024, the Company agreed to the terms of a Consent Decree with the U.S. EPA and the U.S. Department of Justice regarding alleged violations of the TPEM. The Consent Decree has been lodged in the federal district court for the Eastern District of Wisconsin and the public comment period has ended. The proposed Consent Decree provides that the Company pay a civil penalty of $42.6 million and complete an emissions mitigation project upgrading a short-line locomotive engine in Maryland. Completion of the terms in the Consent Decree will settle this matter and release the Company from civil claims under the Clean Air Act related to the Company’s participation in the TPEM program.

As a result of the settlement, the Company recorded an additional charge of $8.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2024. The total recorded liability in accounts payable and accrued expenses in the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets was $45.0 million as of December 31, 2024, which accounts for the civil penalty and emissions mitigation project.