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2.2 Annual Meeting. A meeting of Stockholders shall be held annually for the election of directors and the transaction of other business at such hour as may be designated in the notice of meeting, on the second Tuesday in May in each year (or, if such date falls on a legal holiday, on the first business day thereafter which is not a Saturday, Sunday or legal holiday), or on such other date, as may be fixed by the Board.

2.3 Special Meetings. A special meeting of Stockholders, unless otherwise prescribed by statute, may be called at any time by the Board or by the Chairman of the Board, the President, or by the Secretary and shall be called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, or by the Secretary on the written request of holders of a majority of the shares of capital stock of the Corporation entitled to vote in an election of directors, which written request shall state the purpose or purposes of such meeting. At any special meeting of Stockholders only such business may be transacted which is related to the purpose or purposes of such meeting set forth in the notice thereof given pursuant to Section 2.5 of the By-laws or in any waiver of notice thereof given pursuant to the General Corporation Law.

2.4 Fixing Record Date. For the purpose of determining the Stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of Stockholders or any adjournment thereof, or to express consent to corporate action in writing without a meeting, or for the purpose of determining Stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or the allotment of any rights, or entitled to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock, or for the purpose of any other lawful action, the Board may fix a date as the record date for any such determination of Stockholders. Such date shall not be more than sixty nor less than ten days before the date of such meeting, nor more than sixty days prior to any other action. If no such record date is fixed:

2.5 Notice of Meetings of Stockholders. Except as otherwise provided in Sections 2.3 and 2.4 of the By-laws, whenever under the General Corporation Law or the Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws, Stockholders are required or permitted to take any action at a meeting, written notice shall be given stating the place, date and hour of the meeting and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called. A copy of the notice of any meeting shall be given, personally or by mail not less than ten nor more than sixty days before the date of the meeting, to each stockholder entitled to notice of or to vote at such meeting. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed to be given when deposited in the United States mail, with postage prepaid, directed to the stockholder at the address of such Stockholder as it appears on the records of the Corporation. An affidavit of the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or of the transfer agent or other agent of the Corporation that the notice required by this section has been given shall, in the absence of fraud, be prima facie evidence of the facts stated therein. When a meeting is adjourned to another time or place, notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting at which the adjournment is taken, and at the adjourned meeting any business may be transacted that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called. If, however, the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, a notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.

2.6 List of Stockholders. The Secretary shall prepare and make, or cause to be prepared and made, at least ten days before every meeting of Stockholders, a complete list of the Stockholders entitled to vote at the meeting, arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each Stockholder and the number of shares registered in the name of each Stockholder. Such list shall be open to the examination of any Stockholder, for any purpose germane to the meeting, during ordinary business hours, for a period of at least ten days prior to the meeting, either at the principal place of business of the Corporation or on a reasonably accessible electronic network, provided that, in the latter case, information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting. The list shall also be produced and kept at the time and place of the meeting during the whole time thereof, and may be inspected by any stockholder who is present.

(a) Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, every Stockholder shall be entitled at every meeting of Stockholders to one vote for each share of capital stock held by such Stockholder as of the record date determined in accordance with Section 2.4 of the By-laws. If the Certificate of Incorporation provides for more or less than one vote for any share, on any matter, every reference in the By-laws or the General Corporation Law to a majority or other proportion of stock shall refer to such majority or other proportion of the votes of such stock. The provisions of Sections 212 and 217 of the General Corporation Law shall apply in determining whether any shares of capital stock may be voted and the persons, if any, entitled to vote such shares; but the Corporation shall be protected in treating the persons in whose names shares of capital stock stand on the record of Stockholders as owners thereof for all purposes.

(c) Except as provided in Section 3.4 of the By-laws and except for contested elections, each Director shall be elected by the vote of the majority of the votes cast with respect to such Director at any meeting for the election of Directors at which a quorum is present. For purposes of this Section 2.8: (i) an election is contested when (a) the Secretary receives a notice that a Stockholder has nominated a person for election to the Board in compliance with the advance notice requirements for Stockholder nominees for Director set forth in Section 2.12 of the By-laws and (b) such nomination has not been withdrawn by such Stockholder on or prior to the tenth day preceding the date the Corporation first mails its notice of meeting for such meeting to the Stockholders; and (ii) a majority of the votes cast "for" a nominee must exceed the number of votes cast "against" that nominee. The Board shall require any incumbent Director nominee who is not elected to tender his or her resignation to the Board. The Board shall then establish a committee to consider any such resignation and make recommendation to the Board on whether to accept or reject the resignation, or whether other action should be taken. The Board will act on the Committee's recommendation and publicly disclose its decision and the rationale behind it within 90 days of the certification of the election results. In contested elections, Directors shall be elected by a plurality of the votes cast. For the avoidance of doubt, any vacancies on the Board as a result of a resignation contemplated by this Section 2.8(c) may be filled by the Board in accordance with Section 3.4 of the By-Laws.

(d) All elections of Directors shall be by written ballot, unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation; if authorized by the Board, such requirement of a written ballot shall be satisfied by a ballot submitted by electronic transmission, provided that any such electronic transmission must either set forth or be submitted with information from which it can be determined that the electronic transmission was authorized by the Stockholder or proxy holder. Each written ballot shall be signed by the Stockholder voting or by the proxy of such Stockholder, and shall state the number of shares voted. On all other questions, the voting may be voice vote.

2.9 Selection and Duties of Inspectors at Meetings of Stockholders. The Board, in advance of any meeting of Stockholders, may appoint one or more inspectors to act at the meeting or any adjournment thereof. If inspectors are not so appointed, the person presiding at such meeting may, and on the request of any stockholder entitled to vote thereat shall, appoint one or more inspectors. In case any person appointed fails to appear or act, the vacancy may be filled by appointment made by the Board in advance of the meeting or at the meeting by the person presiding thereat. Each inspector, before entering upon the discharge of his duties, shall take and sign an oath faithfully to execute the duties of inspector at such meeting with strict impartiality and according to the best of his ability. The inspector or inspectors shall determine the number of shares outstanding and the voting power of each, the shares represented at the meeting, the existence of a quorum, the validity and effect of proxies, and shall receive votes, ballots or consents, hear and determine all challenges and questions arising in connection with the right to vote, count and tabulate all votes, ballots or consents, determine the result, and do such acts as are proper to conduct the election or vote with fairness to all Stockholders. On request of the person presiding at the meeting or any stockholder entitled to vote thereat, the inspector or inspectors shall make a report in writing of any challenge, question or matter determined by him or them and execute a certificate of any fact found by him or them. Any report or certificate made by the inspector or inspectors shall be prima facie evidence of the facts stated and of the vote as certified by him or them.

2.10 Organization. At every meeting of Stockholders, unless otherwise directed by the Board, the President, or in the absence of the President, the Chairman of the Board, or in the absence of either of them, the Chairman of the Executive Committee, or in the absence of all of them the most senior Vice President (based on term of service as Vice President) present shall act as chairman of the meeting. The Secretary, or in the absence of the Secretary, one of the Assistant Secretaries, shall act as secretary of the meeting. In case none of the officers above designated to act as chairman or secretary of the meeting, respectively, shall be present a chairman or a secretary of the meeting, as the case may be, shall be chosen by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting by the holders of shares of capital stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting.

2.11 Order of Business. The order of business at all meetings of Stockholders shall be as determined by the chairman of the meeting, but the order of business to be followed at any meeting at which a quorum is present may be changed by a majority of the votes cast at such meeting by the holders of shares of capital stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the meeting.

(a) Only persons who are nominated in accordance with the following procedures shall be eligible for election as Directors. Nominations of persons for election as Directors at any annual meeting of Stockholders (an "Annual Meeting"), or at any special meeting of Stockholders (a "Special Meeting") called for the purpose of electing Directors, may be made (a) by or at the direction of the Board (or any duly authorized committee thereof) or (b) by any Stockholder (i) who is a Stockholder of record on the date of the giving of the notice provided for in this Section 2.12 and on the record date for the determination of Stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote at such Annual Meeting or Special Meeting, and (ii) who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 2.12.

(c) To be timely, a Stockholder's notice to the Secretary must be delivered to or mailed and received at the principal executive offices of the Corporation (a) in the case of an Annual Meeting, not less than ninety (90) days nor more than one hundred twenty (120) days prior to the anniversary date of the immediately preceding Annual Meeting of Stockholders; provided, however, that in the event that the Annual Meeting is called for a date that is not within twenty-five (25) days before or after such anniversary date, notice by the Stockholder in order to be timely must be so received not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Annual Meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Annual Meeting was made, whichever first occurs; and (b) in the case of nominations of persons for election as Directors at a Special Meeting called for such a purpose, not later than the close of business on the tenth (10th) day following the day on which notice of the date of the Special Meeting was mailed or public disclosure of the date of the Special Meeting was made, whichever first occurs.

(d) With respect to each person proposed to be nominated for election as a Director, to be in proper written form, a Stockholder's notice to the Secretary must set forth (a) as to each person, (i) the name, age, business address and residence address of the person, (ii) the principal occupation or employment of the person, (iii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by the person and (iv) any other information relating to the person that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the "Exchange Act"), and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder; and (b) as to the Stockholder giving the notice, (i) the name and address of such Stockholder, (ii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock of

the Corporation which are owned beneficially or of record by such Stockholder, (iii) a description of all arrangements or understandings between such Stockholder and each proposed nominee and any other person or persons (including their names) pursuant to which the nomination(s) are to be made by such Stockholder, (iv) a representation that such Stockholder intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to nominate the persons named in its notice and (v) all other information relating to such Stockholder that would be required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for election of directors pursuant to Section 14 of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder. Such notice must be accompanied by a written consent of each proposed nominee to being named as a nominee and to serve as a Director if elected.

(e) No person shall be eligible for election as a Director unless nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 2.12. If the chairman of any Annual Meeting or Special Meeting determines that a nomination was not made in accordance with the foregoing procedures, the chairman shall declare to the meeting that the nomination was defective, and such defective nomination shall be disregarded.

3.1 General Powers. Except as otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, the business and affairs of the Corporation shall be managed by or under the direction of the Board. The Board may adopt such rules and regulations, not inconsistent with the Certificate of Incorporation or the By-laws or applicable laws, as it may deem proper for the conduct of its meetings and the management of the Corporation. In addition to the powers expressly conferred by the By-laws, the Board may exercise all powers and perform all acts which are not required, by the By-laws or the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, to be exercised and performed by the Stockholders.

3.2 Number; Qualification; Term of Office. The number of Directors which shall constitute the Whole Board shall be not less than seven nor more than fifteen, the exact number of Directors to be fixed from time to time within such range by resolution of the Board. This range shall not be altered without approval of the Stockholders. Directors need not be Stockholders. Each Director shall hold office until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal.

3.4 Newly Created Directorships and Vacancies. Unless otherwise provided in the Certificate of Incorporation, newly created directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors and vacancies occurring in the Board for any reason, including the removal of directors without cause, may be filled by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, although less than a quorum, at any meeting of the Board or may be elected by a plurality of the votes cast by the holders of shares of capital stock

3.5 Resignations. Any Director may resign at any time by notice given in writing to the Corporation. Such resignation shall take effect at the time therein specified, and the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. In addition, a Director shall tender his or her resignation to the Board when required in accordance with Section 2.8(c), and any such resignation shall become effective if so determined by the Board, as provided in Section 2.8(c).

3.7 Remuneration. Unless otherwise expressly provided by resolution adopted by the Board, none of the directors or of the members of any committee of the Corporation contemplated by the By-laws or otherwise provided for by resolution of the Board shall as such receive any stated remuneration for his services; but the Board may at any time or from time to time by resolution provide that remuneration shall be paid to, or on behalf of, any director of the Corporation or to any member of any such committee who shall not be in the employ of the Corporation or of any of its subsidiary companies, either as his annual remuneration as such director or member or as remuneration for his attendance at each meeting of the Board or of such committee. The Board may also likewise provide that the Corporation shall reimburse each such director or member of such committee for any expenses paid by him on account of his attendance at any such meeting. Nothing in this Section contained shall be construed to preclude any director from serving the Corporation in any other capacity and receiving remuneration therefor.

3.9 Annual Meetings. On the day when and at the place where the annual meeting of Stockholders for the election of directors is held, or as soon as practicable thereafter, the Board may hold its annual meeting, without notice of such meeting, for the purposes of electing officers and transacting other business. The annual meeting of the Board may be held at any other time and place specified in a notice given as provided in Section 3.11 of the By-laws for special meetings of the Board or in a waiver of notice thereof.

3.11 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Board shall be held whenever called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, or by the Secretary or by any two or more directors. Notice of each special meeting of the Board shall be given to each director at the address designated by him for that purpose or, if none is designated, at his last known business or residence address, in writing by first-class or overnight mail or courier service, facsimile or electronic transmission, hand delivery or orally by telephone. If mailed, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when deposited in the United States mails, with postage thereon prepaid, at least two days before such meeting. If by overnight mail or courier service, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when delivered to the overnight mail or courier service company at least one day before such meeting. If by facsimile or electronic transmission, such notice shall be deemed adequately delivered when transmitted at least 12 hours prior to the time set for the meeting. If by hand delivery or telephone, the notice shall be given at least 12 hours prior to the time set for the meeting. Every such notice shall state the time and place of the meeting but need not state the purposes of the meeting, except to the extent required by law. A meeting may be held at any time without notice if all the directors are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting.

3.12 Adjourned Meetings. A majority of the directors present at any meeting of the Board, including an adjourned meeting, whether or not a quorum is present may adjourn such meeting to another time and place. Notice of any adjourned meeting of the Board need not be given to any director whether or not present at the time of the adjournment. Any business may be transacted at any adjourned meeting that might have been transacted at the meeting as originally called.

3.13 Waiver of Notice. Whenever notice is required to be given to any director or member of a committee of directors under any provision of the General Corporation Law or of the Certificate of Incorporation or By-laws, a written waiver thereof, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, whether before or after the time stated therein, shall be deemed equivalent to notice. Attendance of a person at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of notice of such meeting, except when the person attends a meeting for the express purpose of objecting, at the beginning of the meeting, to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not lawfully called or convened. Neither the business to be transacted at, nor the purpose of, any regular or special meeting of the directors, or members of a committee of directors, need be specified in any written waiver of notice or any waiver by electronic transmission.

Secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Board. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any meeting of the Board, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and Assistant Secretaries, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

3.16 Action by the Board. All corporate action taken by the Board or any committee thereof shall be taken at a meeting of the Board, or of such committee, as the case may be, except that any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the Board, or of any committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all members of the Board or committee, as the case may be, consent thereto in writing or by electronic transmission, and the writing or writings or electronic transmission or transmissions are filed with the minutes of proceedings of the Board or committee. Members of the Board, or any committee designated by the Board, may participate in a meeting of the Board, or of such committee, as the case may be, by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other and participation in a meeting pursuant to this Section 3.16 shall constitute presence in person at such meeting. Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or by law, the vote of a majority of the directors present (including those who participate by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment) at the time of the vote, if a quorum is present (including those who participate by means of conference telephone or other communications equipment) at such time, shall be the act of the Board.

(a) The Board may designate an Executive Committee consisting of the Chairman of the Executive Committee, if any, and such other directors as it may designate. Each member of the Executive Committee shall continue to be a member thereof only so long as he remains a director and at the pleasure of the Board. Any member of the Executive Committee may resign therefrom at any time by giving written notice of his resignation to the Secretary. Any vacancies on the Executive Committee may be filled by the Board. The designation and authority of the Executive Committee shall be governed by Section 141(c)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

(b) The Executive Committee, between meetings of the Board, shall have and may exercise the powers of the Board in the management of the property, business and affairs of the Corporation and may authorize the seal of the Corporation to be affixed to all papers which may require it. Without limiting the foregoing, the Executive Committee shall have the express power and authority to declare a dividend, to authorize the issuance of stock, and to adopt a certificate of ownership and merger pursuant to Section 253 of the General Corporation Law.

(c) Meetings of the Executive Committee shall be held whenever called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Secretary, the Chairman of the Executive Committee or any two or more members of the Executive Committee. Notice of a meeting of the Executive Committee shall be given to the members thereof in the same manner as, and such notice shall be subject to all of the provisions prescribed for, notice of a special meeting of the Board pursuant to Section 3.11 of the By-laws. A meeting may be held at any time without notice if all the members of the Executive Committee are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting. Subject to the provisions of the By-laws, the Executive Committee may fix its own rules of procedure and it shall keep a record of its proceedings and report them to the Board at the next regular or special meeting thereof after such proceedings shall have been taken.

(d) Except as otherwise provided by law, fifty percent (50%) or more of the members of the Executive Committee then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business and the act of a majority of those present at a meeting thereof shall be the act of the Executive Committee. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of the members of the Executive Committee present thereat may adjourn such meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present thereat. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given. The Executive Committee shall act only as a committee, and the individual members shall have no power as such.

(f) At each meeting of the Executive Committee, the Chairman of such committee or, in the absence of the Chairman, a chairman chosen by a majority of the committee members present, shall preside. The Secretary shall act as secretary at each meeting of the Executive Committee. In case the Secretary shall be absent from any such meeting, an Assistant Secretary shall perform the duties of secretary at such meeting; and in the absence from any such meeting of the Secretary and Assistant Secretaries, the person presiding at the meeting may appoint any person to act as secretary of the meeting.

(a) The Board may designate one or more other committees (the “Additional Board Committees”), which shall in each case consist of such number of directors and shall have and may exercise such powers for such periods as the Board may determine in the resolution designating such committee or in such committee’s charter if a charter has been adopted for such committee by the Board. Each member of an Additional Board Committee shall continue to be a member thereof only so long as he remains a director and at the pleasure of the Board. Any member of an Additional Board Committee may resign therefrom at any time by giving written notice of his resignation to the Secretary. Any vacancies on an Additional Board Committee may be filled by the Board. The designation and authority of any Additional Board Committees created hereunder shall be governed by Section 141(c)(2) of the General Corporation Law.

(b) Meetings of an Additional Board Committee shall be held whenever called by the Chairman of the Board, the President, the Secretary, the Chairman of such committee or any two or more members of such committee. Notice of a meeting of an Additional Board Committee shall be given to the members thereof in the same manner as, and such notice shall be subject to all of the provisions prescribed for, notice of a special meeting of the Board pursuant to Section 3.11 of the By-laws. A meeting of an Additional Board Committee may be held at any time without notice if all the members of such committee are present or if those not present waive notice of the meeting. Subject to the provisions of the By-laws, and the charter of an Additional Board Committee if a charter has been adopted for such committee by the Board, each Additional Board Committee may fix its own rules of procedure and each shall keep a record of its proceedings and report them to the Board at the next regular or special meeting thereof after such proceedings shall have been taken.

(c) Except as otherwise provided by law, fifty percent (50%) or more of the members of an Additional Board Committee then in office shall constitute a quorum for the transaction of business, and the act of a majority of those present at a meeting thereof shall be the act of an Additional Board Committee. In the absence of a quorum, a majority of the members of an Additional Board Committee present thereat may adjourn such meeting from time to time until a quorum shall be present thereat. Notice of any adjourned meeting need not be given. An Additional Board Committee shall act only as a committee, and the individual members shall have no power as such.

5.1 Officers. The Board shall elect a Chairman of the Board, a President, a Chairman of the Executive Committee, a Secretary and a Treasurer, and as many Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers as the Board may deem necessary, and may elect or appoint one or more Vice Presidents and such other officers as it may determine. The Board may designate one or more Vice Presidents as Senior Vice President or Executive Vice President, and may use descriptive words or phrases to designate the standing, seniority or area of special competence of the Vice Presidents elected or appointed by it. Each officer shall hold his office until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier death, resignation or removal in the manner provided in Section 5.2 of the By-laws. Any two or more offices may be held by the same person. The Board may require any officer to give a bond or other security for the faithful performance of his duties, in such amount and with such sureties as the Board may determine. All officers as between themselves and the Corporation shall have such authority and perform such duties in the management of the Corporation as may be provided in the By-laws or as the Board may from time to time determine.

5.6 Chairman of the Board. The Chairman of the Board shall, if present, preside at all meetings of the Board. He may, with the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation. He may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts and other instruments, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by the By-laws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed and, in general, he shall perform all duties incident to the office of Chairman of the Board and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board. The Board may designate two persons to serve as Co-Chairmen of the Board of the Corporation in which case each reference in the By-laws to the "Chairman of the Board" shall mean either "Co-Chairman of the Board”. Where both individuals holding such office are present, the individual with greater seniority shall exercise the powers of the office, unless otherwise directed by the Board.

5.7 President and Chief Executive Officer. The President shall be the Chief Executive Officer of the Corporation and as such shall have the general powers and duties of supervision and management usually vested in the office of President and Chief Executive Officer. The President, if present, shall preside at all meetings of the Stockholders. The President may also, with the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts or other instruments authorized by the Board, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof shall be expressly delegated by the Board or by the By-laws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed; and shall perform such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board.

5.8 Chairman of the Executive Committee. The Chairman of the Executive Committee shall have the powers and duties incident to that office and shall have other powers and duties as may be prescribed from time to time by the Board of Directors. He shall be a member of the Executive Committee and shall preside at all meetings of the Executive Committee at which he is present. In the event of the absence or disability of

5.9 Vice Presidents. Each Vice President shall have such powers and shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to such person by the President or the Board of Directors. Any Vice President may also, with the Secretary or the Treasurer or an Assistant Secretary or an Assistant Treasurer, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; may sign and execute in the name of the Corporation deeds, mortgages, bonds, contracts or other instruments authorized by the Board, except in cases where the signing and execution thereof is expressly delegated by the Board or by the By-laws to some other officer or agent of the Corporation, or shall be required by law otherwise to be signed or executed.

5.10 Secretary. The Secretary, if present, shall act as secretary of all meetings of the Stockholders and of the Board, and shall keep the minutes thereof in the proper book or books to be provided for that purpose; he shall see that all notices required to be given by the Corporation are duly given and served; he may, with the Chairman of the Board, the President, or a Vice President, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation; he shall be custodian of the seal of the Corporation and may seal with the seal of the Corporation, or a facsimile thereof, all certificates for shares of capital stock, of the Corporation and all documents the execution of which on behalf of the Corporation under its corporate seal is authorized in accordance with the provisions of the By-laws; he shall have charge of the stock ledger and also of the other books, records and papers of the Corporation relating to its organization and management as a Corporation, and shall see that the reports, statements and other documents required by law are properly kept and filed; and shall, in general, perform all the duties incident to the office of Secretary and such other duties as from time to time may be assigned to him by the Board or by the President.

5.11 Treasurer. The Treasurer shall have charge and custody of, and be responsible for, all funds, securities and notes of the Corporation; receive and give receipts for moneys due and payable to the Corporation from any sources whatsoever; deposit all such moneys in the name of the Corporation in such banks, trust companies or other depositories as shall be selected in accordance with the By-laws; against proper vouchers, cause such funds to be disbursed by checks or drafts on the authorized depositaries of the Corporation signed in such manner as shall be determined in accordance with any provisions of the By-laws, and be responsible for the accuracy of the amounts of all moneys so disbursed; regularly enter or cause to be entered in books to be kept by him or under his direction full and adequate accounts of all moneys received or paid by him for the account of the Corporation; have the right to require, from time to time reports or statements giving such information as he may desire with respect to any and all financial transactions of the Corporation from the officers or agents transacting the same; render to the President, or the Board, whenever the President, or the Board, respectively, require him so to do, an account of the financial condition of the Corporation and of all his transactions as Treasurer; exhibit at all reasonable times his books of account and other records to any of the directors upon application at the Office

5.12 Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers. Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers shall perform such duties as shall be assigned to them by the Secretary or by the Treasurer, respectively, or by the Board, or the President. Assistant Secretaries and Assistant Treasurers may, with the Chairman of the Board , the President, or a Vice President, sign certificates for shares of capital stock of the Corporation.

6.2 Loans. The Chairman of the Board, the President, or any other officer, employee or agent authorized by the By-laws or by the Board may effect loans and advances at any time for the Corporation from any bank, trust company or other institutions or from any firm, corporation or individual and for such loan and advances may make, execute and deliver promissory notes, bonds or other certificates or evidences of indebtedness of the Corporation, and when authorized so to do may pledge and hypothecate or transfer any securities or other property of the Corporation as security for any such loans or advances. Such authority conferred by the Board may be general or confined to specific instances or otherwise limited.

7.1 Certificates; Uncertificated Shares. The shares of stock in the Corporation shall be represented by certificates, provided that the Board of Directors of the Corporation may provide by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any class or series of its stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution shall not apply to any such shares represented by a certificate theretofore issued until such certificate is surrendered to the Corporation. Every holder of stock represented by certificates shall be entitled to have a certificate signed by or in the name of the Corporation by a Chairman or Vice Chairman of the Board or a President or Vice President, and by a Treasurer, Assistant Treasurer, Secretary or Assistant Secretary, representing the number of shares of stock in the Corporation owned by such holder. Any or all of the signatures on such certificate may be a facsimile. In case any officer, transfer agent or registrar who has signed or whose facsimile signature has been placed upon a certificate shall have ceased to be such officer, transfer agent or registrar before such certificate is issued, it may be issued by the Corporation with the same effect as if such person were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the date of issue.

If the Corporation is authorized to issue more than one class of stock or more than one series of any class, the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of each class of stock or series thereof and the qualifications or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights shall be set forth in full or summarized on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock, provided that, except as otherwise required by law, in lieu of the foregoing requirements, there may be set forth on the face or back of the certificate which the Corporation shall issue to represent such class or series of stock a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of such class or series of stock and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Within a reasonable time after the issuance or transfer of uncertificated shares of any class or series of stock, the Corporation shall send to the registered owner thereof a written notice containing the information required by law to be set forth or stated on certificates representing shares of such class or series or a statement that the Corporation will furnish without charge to each stockholder who so requests the powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights of such class or series and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions of such preferences and/or rights. Except as otherwise provided by law or the By-laws, the rights and obligations of the holders of uncertificated shares and the rights and obligations of the holders of certificates representing stock of the same class and series shall be identical.

by his duly authorized attorney appointed by a power of attorney duly executed and filed with the Secretary or a transfer agent of the Corporation, and on surrender of the certificate or certificates representing such shares of capital stock, unless such shares are uncertificated, properly endorsed for transfer and upon payment of all necessary transfer taxes. Every certificate exchanged, returned or surrendered to the Corporation shall be marked "Canceled," with the date of cancellation, by the Secretary or an Assistant Secretary or the transfer agent of the Corporation. A person in whose name shares of capital stock shall stand on the books of the Corporation shall be deemed the owner thereof to receive dividends, to vote as such owner and for all other purposes as respects the Corporation. No transfer of shares of capital stock shall be valid as against the Corporation, its Stockholders and creditors for any purpose, except to render the transferee liable for the debts of the Corporation to the extent provided by law, until such transfer shall have been entered on the books of the Corporation by an entry showing from and to whom transferred.

7.4 Lost, Destroyed, Stolen and Mutilated Certificates. The holder of any shares of capital stock of the Corporation shall immediately notify the Corporation of any loss, destruction, theft or mutilation of the certificate representing such shares, and the Corporation may issue a new certificate or uncertificated shares to replace the certificate alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated. The Board may, in its discretion, as a condition to the issue of any such new certificate or uncertificated shares, require the owner of the lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated certificate, or his legal representatives, to make proof satisfactory to the Board of such loss, destruction, theft or mutilation and to advertise such fact in such manner as the Board may require, and to give the Corporation and its transfer agents and registrars, or such of them as the Board may require, a bond in such form, in such sum and with such surety or sureties as the Board may direct, to indemnify the Corporation and its transfer agents and registrars against any claim that may be made against any of them on account of the continued existence of any such certificate so alleged to have been lost, destroyed, stolen or mutilated and against any expense in connection with such claim.

7.6 Restriction on Transfer of Stock. A written restriction or restrictions on the transfer or registration of transfer of capital stock of the Corporation, if permitted by Section 202 of the General Corporation Law and noted conspicuously on the certificate representing such capital stock or, in the case of uncertificated shares, contained in the notice or notices sent pursuant to Section 151(f) of the General Corporation Law, may be enforced against the holder of the restricted capital stock or any successor or transferee of the holder including an executor, administrator, trustee, guardian or other fiduciary

entrusted with like responsibility for the person or estate of the holder. Unless noted conspicuously on the certificate representing the capital stock so restricted or, in the case of uncertificated shares, contained in the notice or notices sent pursuant to Section 151(f) of the General Corporation Law, even though permitted by Section 202 of the General Corporation Law, shall be ineffective except against a person with actual knowledge of the restriction. A restriction on the transfer or registration of transfer of capital stock of the Corporation or on the amount of the Corporation’s securities that may be owned by any person or group of persons may be imposed either by the Certificate of Incorporation or by an agreement among any number of Stockholders or among such Stockholders and the Corporation. No restriction so imposed shall be binding with respect to capital stock issued prior to the adoption of the restriction unless the holders of such capital stock are parties to an agreement or voted in favor of the restriction.

7.8 Fractional Shares. The Corporation may, but shall not be required to, issue certificates for fractions of a share where necessary to effect authorized transactions. If the Corporation does not issue fractional shares, it shall (1) arrange for the disposition of fractional interests by those entitled thereto, (2) pay in cash the fair value of fractions of a share as of the time when those entitled to receive such fractions are determined, or (3) issue scrip or warrants in registered form (either represented by a certificate or uncertificated) or in bearer form (represented by a certificate) which shall entitle the holder to receive a full share upon the surrender of such scrip or warrants aggregating a full share. A certificate for a fractional share or an uncertificated fractional share shall, but scrips or warrants shall not unless otherwise provided therein, entitle the holder to exercise voting rights, to receive dividends thereon and to participate in any of the assets of the Corporation in the event of liquidation. The Board may cause scrip or warrants to be issued subject to any such conditions which the Board may impose.

8.1 Indemnification of Officers and Directors. The Corporation shall indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, by reason of the fact that he is or was a director or an officer of the Corporation against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding to the fullest extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by the General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time in effect. Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other

rights to which such director or officer may be entitled apart from the foregoing provisions. The foregoing provisions of this Section 8.1 shall be deemed to be a contract between the Corporation and each director and officer who serves in such capacity at any time while this Article 8 and the relevant provisions, of the General Corporation law and other applicable law, if any, are in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof shall not affect any rights or obligations then existing, with respect to any state of facts then or theretofore existing, or any action, suit or proceeding theretofore, or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts.

8.2 Indemnification of Other Persons. The Corporation may indemnify any person who was or is a party or is threatened to be made a party to any threatened, pending or completed action, suit or proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative by reason of the fact that he is or was an employee or agent of the Corporation, or is or was, serving at the request of the Corporation, as a director, officer, employee or agent of another Corporation, partnership, joint venture, trust or other enterprise, against expenses (including attorneys' fees), judgments, fines and amounts paid in settlement actually and reasonably incurred by him in connection with such action, suit or proceeding to the extent and in the manner set forth in and permitted by the General Corporation Law, and any other applicable law, as from time to time in effect. Such right of indemnification shall not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which any such person may be entitled apart from the foregoing provisions.

9.1 Books and Records. The Corporation shall keep correct and complete books and records of account and shall keep minutes of the proceedings of the Stockholders, the Board and any committee of the Board. The Corporation shall keep at the office designated in the Certificate of Incorporation or at the Office of the Corporation or at the office of the transfer agent or registrar of the Corporation, a record containing the names and addresses of all Stockholders, the number and class of shares held by each and the dates when they respectively became the owners of record thereof.

9.2 Form of Records. Any records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be kept on, or be in the form of, punch cards, magnetic tape, photographs, microphotographs, computer databases, electronic servers or any other information storage device provided that the records so kept can be converted into clearly legible written form within a reasonable time. The Corporation shall so convert any records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect the same.

Unless otherwise provided by resolution of the Board, the Chairman of the Board, or the President, or any Vice President, may, from time to time, appoint one or more attorneys or agents of the Corporation, in the name and on behalf of the Corporation, to cast the votes which the Corporation may be entitled to cast as a stockholder or otherwise in any other corporation, any of whose shares or securities may be held by the Corporation, at meetings of the holders of stock or other securities of such other corporation, or to consent, in writing to any action by any such other corporation, and may instruct the person or persons so appointed as to the manner of casting such votes or giving such consent, and may execute or cause to be executed on behalf of the Corporation and under its corporate seal, or otherwise, such written proxies, consents, waivers or other instruments as he may deem necessary or proper in the premises; or the Chairman of the Board, or the President, or any Vice President may himself attend any meeting of the holders of the stock or other securities of any such other corporation and thereat vote or exercise any or all other powers of the Corporation as the holder of such stock or other securities of such other corporation.

Pursuant to the provisions of Section 203 (b) (2) of the General Corporation Law, the Corporation, by action of the Board, expressly elects not to be governed by Section 203 of the General Corporation Law, dealing with business combinations with interested Stockholders. Notwithstanding anything to the contrary in the By-laws, the provisions of this Article 13 may not be further amended by the Board, except as may be specifically authorized by the General Corporation Law.

The By-laws may be altered, amended, supplemented or repealed, or new By-laws may be adopted, by vote of the holders of the shares entitled to vote in the election of directors. The By-laws may be altered, amended, supplemented or repealed, or new By-laws may be adopted, by the Board, provided that the vote of a majority of the Whole Board shall be required to change the number of authorized directors. Any By-laws adopted, altered, amended, or supplemented by the Board may be altered, amended, supplemented or repealed by the Stockholders entitled to vote thereon.

	AS AMENDED THROUGH
	October 9, 2007