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STOCK PLANS
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2012
Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Abstract]  
STOCK PLANS
STOCK PLANS
On April 28, 2006, the shareholders of the Company approved the 2006 Equity and Performance Incentive Plan, as amended ("EPI Plan"), which replaced the 1998 Stock Plan, as amended and restated in May 2003. The EPI Plan provides for the granting of options, appreciation rights, restricted shares, restricted stock units and performance-based awards up to an additional 6,000,000 of the Company's common shares. In addition, on April 28, 2006, the shareholders of the Company approved the 2006 Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, as amended ("Director Plan"), which replaced the Stock Option Plan for Non-Employee Directors adopted in 2000. The Director Plan provides for the granting of options, restricted shares and restricted stock units up to an additional 600,000 of the Company's common shares. At December 31, 2012, there were 2,517,228 common shares available for future grant under all plans.
Stock Options
The following table summarizes stock option activity for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012, under all Plans:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
 
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
Balance at beginning of year
 
3,632,463

 
$
26.05

 
3,779,824

 
$
23.99

 
3,596,884

 
$
22.28

Options granted
 
412,980

 
47.66

 
459,263

 
35.34

 
491,010

 
31.29

Options exercised
 
(962,029
)
 
19.52

 
(572,795
)
 
19.82

 
(260,084
)
 
13.49

Options canceled
 
(22,470
)
 
24.07

 
(33,829
)
 
26.62

 
(47,986
)
 
27.84

Balance at end of year
 
3,060,944

 
30.98

 
3,632,463

 
26.05

 
3,779,824

 
23.99

Exercisable at end of year
 
2,208,455

 
27.19

 
2,677,071

 
23.73

 
2,749,168

 
22.40


Options granted under both the EPI Plan and its predecessor plans may be outstanding for a maximum of 10 years from the date of grant. The majority of options granted vest ratably over a period of three years from the grant date. The exercise prices of all options were equal to the quoted market price of the Company's common shares at the date of grant. The Company issued shares of common stock from treasury upon all exercises of stock options in 2012, 2011 and 2010.
The Company uses the Black-Scholes option pricing model for estimating fair values of options. In estimating the fair value of options granted, the expected option life is based on the Company's historical experience. The expected volatility is based on historical volatility. The weighted average assumptions for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012 were as follows:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
Expected volatility
 
45.67
%
 
41.92
%
 
42.15
%
Dividend yield
 
1.66
%
 
1.63
%
 
2.02
%
Risk-free interest rate
 
0.70
%
 
0.80
%
 
1.64
%
Expected option life (years)
 
4.5

 
4.3

 
4.9

Weighted average fair value per option granted during the year
 
$
15.87

 
$
10.97

 
$
10.01


The following table summarizes non-vested stock options for the year ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
 
Number of
Options
 
Weighted
Average Fair
Value at Grant
Date
Balance at beginning of year
 
929,382

 
$
10.78

Granted
 
412,980

 
15.87

Vested
 
(470,243
)
 
10.19

Forfeited
 
(19,630
)
 
19.60

Balance at end of year
 
852,489

 
13.63


The aggregate intrinsic value of options outstanding and exercisable which would have been received by the optionees had all awards been exercised at December 31, 2012 was $54,178 and $47,464, respectively. The total intrinsic value of awards exercised during 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $18,776, $10,028 and $4,270, respectively.
The following table summarizes information about awards outstanding as of December 31, 2012:
 
 
Outstanding
 
Exercisable
 
 
Exercise Price Range
 
Number of
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Number of
Stock
Options
 
Weighted
Average
Exercise
Price
 
Weighted
Average
Remaining
Life (years)
Under $19.99
 
449,884

 
$
18.59

 
449,884

 
$
18.59

 
2.4
$20.00 - $32.99
 
1,389,730

 
27.79

 
1,284,025

 
27.50

 
6.5
Over $33.00
 
1,221,330

 
39.18

 
474,546

 
34.50

 
8.0
 
 
3,060,944

 
 

 
2,208,455

 
 

 
6.5

Restricted Share Awards
The following table summarizes restricted share award activity for each of the three years ended December 31, 2012, under all Plans:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
2010
 
 
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Balance at beginning of year
 
379,233

 
$
28.06

 
523,730

 
$
27.36

 
435,770

 
$
26.61

Shares granted
 
20,099

 
47.81

 
22,779

 
35.55

 
112,864

 
31.05

Shares vested*
 
(62,524
)
 
32.10

 
(159,842
)
 
26.97

 
(24,904
)
 
31.07

Shares forfeited
 

 

 
(7,434
)
 
24.67

 

 

Balance at end of year
 
336,808

 
28.49

 
379,233

 
28.06

 
523,730

 
27.36

_______________________________________________________________________________
*
Includes shares vested but not exercisable
Restricted share awards are valued at the quoted market price on the grant date. The majority of restricted share awards vest over a period of three to five years. The Company issued shares of common stock from treasury upon the granting of restricted share awards in 2012, 2011 and 2010. Under the EPI Plan, the Company issued 82,992 restricted shares at a weighted average market price of $30.97 per share in 2010. The Company issued 20,099 restricted shares at a weighted average market price of $47.81 per share, 22,779 restricted shares at a weighted average market price of $35.55 per share and 29,872 restricted shares at a weighted average market price of $31.28 per share under the Director Plan in 2012, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The remaining weighted average life of all non-vested restricted share awards is 1.8 years as of December 31, 2012.
The following table summarizes non-vested restricted share awards for the year ended December 31, 2012:
 
 
Year Ended December 31, 2012
 
 
Number of
Restricted
Shares
 
Weighted
Average
Fair Value
at Grant Date
Balance at beginning of year
 
355,933

 
$
28.18

Granted
 
20,099

 
47.81

Vested
 
(57,944
)
 
31.93

Balance at end of year
 
318,088

 
28.74


Restricted Stock Units ("RSUs")
The following table summarizes restricted stock unit activity for the years ended December 31, 2012 and 2011, under all Plans:
 
 
Year Ended December 31,
 
 
2012
 
2011
 
 
Units
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
 
Units
 
Weighted
Average
Grant Date
Fair Value
Non-vested at beginning of year
 
166,519

 
$
34.55

 

 
$

Units granted
 
133,944

 
47.97

 
166,519

 
34.55

Units vested
 
(10,499
)
 
33.06

 

 

Units forfeited
 
(1,295
)
 
35.55

 

 

Non-vested at end of year
 
288,669

 
40.83

 
166,519

 
34.55


RSUs are valued at the quoted market price on the grant date. The majority of RSUs vest over a period of three to five years. The Company will issue shares of common stock from treasury upon the vesting of RSUs and any earned dividend equivalents. Conversion of 10,499 RSUs to common stock in 2012 were deferred as part of the 2005 Deferred Compensation Plan for Executives (the "2005 Plan"). As of December 31, 2012, 10,713 RSUs, including related dividend equivalents, have been deferred under the 2005 Plan. These units are reflected within dilutive shares in the calculation of earnings per share. Under the EPI Plan, the Company issued 133,944 and 166,519 restricted stock units at a weighted average market price of $47.97 and $34.55 per share in 2012 and 2011, respectively. Restricted stock units were not granted prior to 2011. The remaining weighted average life of all non-vested RSUs is 4.3 years as of December 31, 2012.
Stock-Based Compensation Expense
Expense is recognized for all awards of stock-based compensation by allocating the aggregate grant date fair value over the vesting period. No expense is recognized for any stock options, restricted or deferred shares or restricted stock units ultimately forfeited because recipients fail to meet vesting requirements. Total stock-based compensation expense recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Income for 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $8,961, $6,610 and $8,213, respectively. The related tax benefit for 2012, 2011 and 2010 was $3,409, $2,515 and $3,112, respectively. As of December 31, 2012, total unrecognized stock-based compensation expense related to non-vested stock options, restricted shares and restricted stock units was $23,718, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of approximately 37 months.
Lincoln Stock Purchase Plan
The 1995 Lincoln Stock Purchase Plan provides employees the ability to purchase open market shares on a commission-free basis up to a limit of ten thousand dollars annually. Under this plan, 800,000 shares have been authorized to be purchased. Shares purchased were 4,908 in 2012, 4,466 in 2011 and 4,240 in 2010.