Recently Adopted

On November 17, 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board ("FASB") issued Accounting Standards Update ("ASU") No. 2016-18, Restricted Cash. This accounting standard requires that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. The new guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017 and early adoption is permitted. The amendment should be adopted retrospectively. We early adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2017 and the adoption resulted in reclassifications of $0.3 million cash inflows from investing activities to operating activities for each of the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and October 1, 2016.

The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash reported within the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows as of September 30, 2017.



(in thousands)	September 30, 2017		December 31, 2016
Cash and cash equivalents	$	22,690	$	35,409
Restricted cash	446		714
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash shown in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows	$	23,136	$	36,123

On August 26, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. This accounting standard is intended to eliminate diversity in practice in how certain cash receipts and cash payments are presented and classified in the statement of cash flows. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, and early adoption is permitted. We adopted this guidance in the first quarter of 2017 and the impact on our Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows was a reclassification of $6.2 million cash outflows from operating activities to repayments of long-term debt within financing activities for the nine months ended October 1, 2016. The table below summarizes the impact on the Statement of Cash Flows for the first nine months of 2016.



(in thousands)	Previous Classification ⁽¹⁾			Impact			Current Classification
Operating activities:
Gain on write-off of debt premium	$	(1,341	)	$	1,341		$	—
Loss on early extinguishment of debt	—			4,749			4,749
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding business acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency translation adjustments	35,085			80			35,165
Net cash provided by operating activities	160,628			6,170			166,798

Financing activities:
Repayments of long-term debt	(226,390		)	(6,170		)	(232,560		)
Net cash provided by financing activities	$	926,833		$	(6,170	)	$	920,663

⁽¹⁾ The figures Changes in operating assets and liabilities, excluding business acquisitions, divestitures and foreign currency translation adjustments and Net cash provided by operating activities have been revised from the initial presentation to include the impact of the $6.6 million correction of an error described in Note 4.

On March 30, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting. The updated guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The updated guidance includes multiple provisions intended to simplify various aspects of the accounting for share-based payments. We adopted the accounting standard in the first quarter of 2017 and the impact to our condensed consolidated financial statements are as follows:

•

Excess tax benefits for share-based payments were previously recognized through income tax receivable and equity, and presented as a financing cash flow. As a result of adopting this accounting standard, excess tax benefits for share-based payments are recognized as an adjustment to income tax expense and reflected in operating cash flows. We elected to adopt this provision of the accounting standard prospectively which resulted in income tax benefit of $0.9 million and $2.5 million for the third quarter and first nine months of 2017, respectively.


•	The guidance allows the employer to withhold up to the maximum statutory tax rates in the applicable jurisdictions without triggering liability accounting. Our accounting treatment of outstanding equity awards was not impacted by our adoption of this provision of the accounting standard.


•	The guidance allows for a policy election to account for forfeitures as they occur rather than on an estimated basis. We did not make this election, and continue to account for forfeitures on an estimated basis.

On January 26, 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment. This accounting standard simplifies how an entity is required to test goodwill for impairment by eliminating step 2 from the goodwill impairment test, which measures a goodwill impairment loss by comparing the implied fair value of a reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount. Instead, entities should perform annual or interim goodwill impairment tests by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount and recognize an impairment charge for the excess of carrying amount over the fair value of the respective reporting unit. The guidance is effective for annual or interim goodwill impairment tests in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption of the ASU is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We adopted this standard in the second quarter of 2017 and applied its guidance in our goodwill impairment testing procedures performed during the third quarter of 2017, as discussed further in Note 10.

Not Yet Adopted

On January 5, 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-01, Clarifying the Definition of a Business. This accounting standard clarifies the definition of a business to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. Under the new guidance, an entity first determines whether substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets. If this threshold is met, the assets are not considered a business for the purpose of allocating the purchase price. If it is not met, the entity then evaluates whether the set meets the requirements that a business include, at a minimum, an input and a substantive process that together significantly contribute to the ability to create outputs. Under the new guidance, the purchase or sale of a route will no longer be considered the purchase or sale of a business for accounting purposes due to the fact that the perpetual and exclusive distribution rights (a route) represent substantially all of the fair value of any given acquisition from or disposition to an independent business owner ("IBO"). There has been no change to our relationships or interactions with the IBOs. However, under the new guidance, we will no longer allocate any of the purchase price to goodwill upon acquisition of a route and we will no longer perform a relative fair value allocation of goodwill upon divestitures. We have adopted this accounting standard prospectively at the beginning of the fourth quarter of 2017. Although we will no longer have goodwill allocated on future route acquisitions or divestitures, we will continue to record gains and losses associated with the sale of routes. The impact from adopting the standard is not material to our consolidated financial statements.

On August 28, 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-12, Targeted Improvements to Accounting for Hedging Activities. The objective of this accounting standard is to better align hedge accounting with an organization’s risk management activities in the financial statements. For our cash flow hedges of variable interest rate risk, the new guidance will allow the variability in cash flows attributable to the contractually specified interest rate to be designated as the hedged risk. The new guidance also requires an entity to present the earnings effect of the hedging instrument in the same income statement line item in which the earnings effect of the hedged item is reported, thus eliminating the separate presentation of hedge ineffectiveness. The updated guidance is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this standard in the first quarter of 2019 and do not expect a material impact to the financial statements upon adoption.

On May 10, 2017 the FASB issued ASU 2017-09, Scope of Modification Accounting. This accounting standard provides clarity when applying the guidance in Topic 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, to a change to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award. The ASU provides guidance on which changes to the terms or conditions of a share-based payment award require an entity to apply modification accounting. According to this accounting standard, an entity should account for the effects of a modification unless the fair value, vesting conditions, and classification of the modified award are the same as the original award. The updated guidance is effective for annual reporting periods, and interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted. We plan to adopt this standard at the beginning of the first quarter of 2018, and do not expect a material impact to the financial statements upon adoption.

On October 24, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. This accounting standard is intended to improve the accounting for the income tax consequences of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory. The updated guidance indicates that an entity should recognize the income tax consequences of an intra-entity transfer of an asset other than inventory when the transfer occurs instead of when the asset has been sold to an outside party. The updated guidance is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim reporting periods within those annual reporting periods, and early adoption is permitted. The amendments are to be applied on a modified retrospective basis through a cumulative-effect adjustment directly to retained earnings as of the beginning of the period of the adoption. We are still assessing the impact to the financial statements and intends to adopt the standard on December 31, 2017, the first day of our fiscal 2018.

On February 25, 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases. This ASU requires us to recognize a lease liability for the obligation to make lease payments, measured at the present value on a discounted basis, and a right-of-use (“ROU”) asset for the right to use the underlying asset for the duration of the lease term, measured at the lease liability amount adjusted for lease prepayments, lease incentives received and initial direct costs. The lease liability and ROU asset are recognized in the balance sheet at the commencement of the lease. For income statement purposes, the FASB retained a dual model, requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight line expense while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern. Classification will be based on criteria that are largely similar to those applied in current lease accounting. ASU 2016-02 is effective for annual reporting periods, including interim periods within those periods, beginning after December 15, 2018, and requires the use of a modified retrospective approach for leases that exist or are entered into after the beginning of the earliest comparative period presented in the financial statements. Early application of the ASU is permitted. We are in the process of evaluating lease accounting software and developing an inventory of our lease arrangements in order to determine the impact this accounting standard will have on our financial statements. Based on our assessment to date, we expect this guidance will have a material impact on our balance sheet due to the amount of our lease commitments, but we are unable to quantify the impact at this time.

On May 28, 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), which provides for a single five-step model to be applied to all revenue from contracts with customers. The guidance also requires improved disclosures to help users of the financial statements better understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue that is recognized. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers: Deferral of the Effective Date, which deferred the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 by one year, to December 15, 2017 for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after that date.

In 2016, the FASB issued final amendments clarifying the implementation guidance for principal versus agent considerations, identifying performance obligations and the accounting of intellectual property licenses. In addition, the FASB introduced practical expedients related to disclosures of remaining performance obligations, as well as other amendments to guidance on collectability, non-cash consideration and the presentation of sales and other similar taxes.

We have substantially completed our review of customer contracts and do not expect the impact of adopting the new standard to be material to our net revenue and operating income. We also do not expect a material impact to our balance sheet. The immaterial impact of adopting ASU No. 2014-09 primarily relates to the following:


•	Slotting fees, which are currently amortized over the lesser of their arrangement term or 12 months, but under the new standard these slotting fees will be recognized as a reduction in the transaction price as the product is sold. This could lead to a difference in the timing of recognizing revenue.


•	Coupon liabilities will commence when control of the goods are transferred to the customer rather than when the coupon is distributed, which will accelerate the recognition of coupon expense under the new standard.


•	Contract manufacturing arrangements are recognized as revenue when product is delivered to the customer. If any of our contracts create an asset without an alternative use and an enforceable right to payment, then we would recognize revenue at the time of production rather than shipment under the new standard. The right to payment is enforceable under certain contracts.

We plan to adopt ASC Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, on December 31, 2017, the first day of our fiscal 2018. The guidance permits the use of either a full retrospective or modified retrospective transition method. We have evaluated the method of adoption and will apply the modified retrospective approach.

Other amendments to GAAP in the US that have been issued by the FASB or other standards-setting bodies that do not require adoption until a future date are not expected to have a material impact on our condensed consolidated financial statements upon adoption.