DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	12 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]
DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES	1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES NATURE OF BUSINESS — Koss Corporation ("Koss"), a Delaware corporation, and its 100%-owned subsidiaries (collectively the "Company"), reports its finances as a single reporting segment, as the Company’s only business line is the design, manufacture and sale of stereo headphones and related accessories. The Company leases its plant and office in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The domestic market is served by domestic sales representatives and independent manufacturers' representatives working directly with certain retailers, distributors, and original equipment manufacturers. International markets are served by domestic sales representatives and sales personnel in the Netherlands and the Caucasus region which utilize independent distributors in several foreign countries. The Company has two subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss U.K. Limited ("Koss UK"), which were formed to comply with certain European Union ("EU") requirements. Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK are non-operating and hold no assets. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION — The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Koss and its subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK, which are 100%-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. USE OF ESTIMATES — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, the Company reclassified certain amounts on its June 30, 2024 balance sheet to enhance clarity and consistency in financial statement reporting. Specifically, short-term deferred revenue liabilities related to estimated volume incentive rebates and sales returns were reclassified to accrued liabilities to reflect that revenue was already recognized on the sales related to these liabilities. To conform with current period presentation, the Company reclassified $60,511 to accrued liabilities at June 30, 2024. This reclassification does not affect the total assets, total liabilities, or equity of the Company. REVENUE RECOGNITION — Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the product, which typically occurs upon shipment from the Company's facility. There are a very limited number of customers for which control does not pass until they have received the products at their facility. Revenue from product sales is adjusted for estimated warranty obligations and variable consideration, which are detailed below. The amount of revenue recognized is to reflect the consideration expected to be received for those goods or services. Warranties - The Company offers a lifetime warranty to consumers in the United States and certain other countries. This lifetime warranty creates a future performance obligation. The Company determines the standalone selling price for this performance obligation using the cost-plus method. There are also certain foreign distributors that receive warranty repair parts and replacement headphones to satisfy warranty obligations in those countries. The Company defers revenue to recognize the future obligations related to these warranties. The deferred revenue is based on historical analysis of warranty claims relative to sales. This deferred revenue reflects the Company's best estimates of the amount of warranty returns and repairs it will experience during those future periods. If future warranty activity varies from the estimates, the Company will adjust the estimated deferred revenue, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period that such adjustment becomes known. The Company typically receives payment for product at the time of shipment or under normal collection terms, which are generally 30-60 days. The Company estimates that the warranty related performance obligation is satisfied within one to three years and therefore uses that same time frame for recognition of the deferred revenue, using amortization of 50% in year 1, 30% in year 2, and 20% in year 3 for domestic sales. Export deferred revenue, where applicable, is recognized over a 12-month period from date of shipment. Reserves for Variable Consideration - Revenue from product sales is recorded at the net sales price, which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established and which result from returns, rebates, and co-pay assistance that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company's best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known. Product Returns - The Company generally offers customers a limited right of return. The Company estimates the amount of product sales that may be returned by its customers and records the estimate as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized. Product return liabilities are estimated using historical sales and returns information. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known. Volume Rebates - The Company offers volume rebates to certain customers in the United States and certain foreign distributors. These volume rebates are tied to sales volume within specified periods. The amount of revenue is reduced for variable consideration related to customer rebates, which are calculated using expected values and is based on program specific factors such as expected rebate percentages and expected volumes. Changes in such accruals may be required if actual sales volume differs from estimated sales volume, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known. Seller Fees – The Company pays fees to a major online marketplace for use of its services. Referral fees, the commission paid to the online platform to cover the costs associated with promoting, advertising, and facilitating product sales to its customers, are calculated as a percentage of the sales price and are imposed on sales of all products sold through the marketplace. When orders are fulfilled by the online marketplace, the Company is assessed fulfillment fees to cover the cost of fulfillment of the order as well as the assumption of risk of inventory control, damages and returns. The fees assessed are based on a product’s category, price, size and weight and are deducted from the sales price of each product prior to remittance to the Company with revenue reported on a net basis. Revenue from orders obtained through the online marketplace, but fulfilled by the Company direct to the end customer, are reported as gross sales and referral fees are recorded as selling expense in selling, general and administrative expenses. The Company’s related fulfillment costs are recorded in cost of goods sold. Sales Commissions - The Company has elected the practical expedient of not capitalizing sales commissions. RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT — Research and development is primarily comprised of product prototypes and testing. These activities, charged to operations as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, amounted to $213,870 and $238,086 in 2025 and 2024, respectively. ADVERTISING COSTS — Advertising costs included within selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations were $251,966 in 2025 and $142,859 in 2024. Such costs are expensed as incurred. INCOME TAXES — The Company operates as a C Corporation under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). Amounts provided for income tax expense (benefit) are based on income reported for financial statement purposes and do not necessarily represent amounts currently payable under tax laws. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision (benefit) for income taxes. The differences relate principally to different methods used for depreciation and amortization for income tax purposes, net operating loss carryforwards, capitalization requirements of the Code, allowances for doubtful accounts, provisions for excess and obsolete inventory, stock-based compensation, warranty reserves, and other income tax-related carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. PATENT COSTS — The Company incurs on-going legal fees and filing costs related to the patent portfolio. These costs are expensed in the period they are incurred since no patent legal costs are probable to provide a future economic benefit. LOSS PER COMMON SHARE — Loss per common share is calculated under the provisions of Topic 260 in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) which provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” loss per share. Basic loss per common share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per common share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings losses of an entity. See Note 11 for additional information on loss per common share. CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS — The Company considers depository accounts and investments with a maturity at the date of acquisition and expected usage of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash on deposit at a commercial bank located in the United States of America. The Company periodically has cash balances in excess of insured amounts. The Company has not experienced, and does not expect to incur, any losses on these deposits. ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE — Accounts receivable consist of unsecured trade receivables due from customers. An allowance for credit losses is deducted from the cost basis of the receivables and is estimated using the aging method whereby expected credit losses are determined on the basis of how long a receivable has been outstanding as well as historical loss data. The estimates are then adjusted for changes in the risk characteristics of the Company’s customer base, changes in credit practices, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable future forecasts that would impact the collectability of the receivables. At June 30, 2025 and 2024, the allowance for credit losses was $2,043 and $1,922, respectively. Adjustments of $121 and ($4,105) were made during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, to record the appropriate allowance per the aging method. No write-offs were necessary and there were no recoveries on prior losses in fiscal years 2025 and 2024. As such, the impact of the change on the Company’s financial statements was not significant. The opening balance of accounts receivable was $1,379,517 at June 30, 2023, net of the allowance for credit losses of $6,027. PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS — Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of advance payments for software subscriptions and other services to be received in future periods, partial downpayments for inventory not yet received and a refund due from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for overpayment of improperly withheld amounts for Social Security and Medicare (“FICA”) taxes on the taxable gains resulting from disqualifying dispositions of Incentive Stock Options (ISO) beginning in fiscal year 2021. The Company has reimbursed the employees for the over withheld taxes. As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the net refund expected from the IRS is $491,677 and $722,498, respectively, and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. INVESTMENTS — Debt securities are classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. The securities are carried at amortized cost as current or noncurrent based upon maturity date and unrealized gains and losses are recognized when realized. The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount to maturity. Such amortization or accretion is included in interest income, along with other interest on cash and cash equivalents. Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities is shown separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is not included in any estimate for credit losses. No allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity U.S. Treasury securities is recorded as these securities have the following characteristics that support a zero-loss expectation: they are explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are consistently highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. See Note 4 for additional information on investments. INVENTORIES — As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s inventory was recorded using standard cost which approximates the lower of first in first out (“FIFO”) cost or net realizable value. The carrying value of inventory is reviewed for impairment on at least a quarterly basis, or more frequently if warranted due to changes in market conditions. See Note 5 for additional information on inventory. EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS — Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Major expenditures for leasehold improvements and equipment and significant renewals are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, their costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gains or losses are included in operations. See Note 6 for additional information on equipment and leasehold improvements. LEASES — The Company determines if a contract is a lease at the date of inception. The Company leases its facility in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Koss Holdings, LLC, which is controlled by five equal ownership interests in trusts held by the five beneficiaries of the former chairman’s revocable trust and includes current stockholders of the Company. The lease agreement provides the Company the right to substantially all of the economic benefits and direct the use of the building, thus is considered a lease. The agreement does not convey ownership of the building to the lessee at the end of the lease term, does not contain an option to purchase the underlying asset at the end of the lease term and the lease term is not for a major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset so is accounted for as an operating lease. Operating leases are reported on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and operating lease liabilities. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are valued at the present value of the future lease payment obligations. The Company uses a rate based upon current incremental borrowing rates to determine the present value of future lease payments as the rate is not implicit in the lease. Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease taking into account expected renewal periods. LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES — Life insurance policies are stated at cash surrender value or at the amount the Company would receive in the case of split-dollar arrangements. Increases in cash surrender value, net of annual premiums paid, and the proceeds from company-owned life insurance policies are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and other income, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. DEFERRED COMPENSATION —At June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s deferred compensation liability is for a current officer and is calculated based on years of service and compensation, along with various assumptions related to expected retirement date, discount rates, and mortality tables. The related expense is calculated using the net present value of the expected payments and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 10 for additional information on deferred compensation. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an ordinary transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-tier hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted market prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore, requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. The asset's or liability's fair value measurement within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value based on the short maturity of these instruments. The Company’s U.S. treasury debt securities are recorded at amortized cost with fair value disclosure. They have a readily available market price (Level 1 input), thus a lesser degree of judgment needs to be used in measuring fair value, and fair value was determined by quoted market prices. The fair value is based upon quoted market prices and is disclosed in Note 4. IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS — The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Management determines fair value using an undiscounted future cash flow analysis or other accepted valuation techniques. No impairments of the Company's long-lived assets were recorded in the years ended June 30, 2025 or 2024. LEGAL COSTS — All legal costs related to litigation, for which the Company is liable, are charged to operations as incurred, except contingent legal fees as described below. Proceeds from the settlement of legal disputes are recorded in other income when the amounts are determinable, and the collection is certain. License proceeds are considered functional and as such are recorded at a point in time, based on the underlying agreement. Related contingent legal fees and expenses are recorded in selling, general and administrative expense at that time. Changes to the contingent legal fee expenses could have a material impact on the results of operations. STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION — The Company has a stock-based employee compensation plan, which is described more fully in Note 12. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the vesting period. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

12 Months Ended

Jun. 30, 2025

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES [Abstract]

DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

1. DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS AND SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

NATURE OF BUSINESS — Koss Corporation ("Koss"), a Delaware corporation, and its 100%-owned subsidiaries (collectively the "Company"), reports its finances as a single reporting segment, as the Company’s only business line is the design, manufacture and sale of stereo headphones and related accessories. The Company leases its plant and office in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The domestic market is served by domestic sales representatives and independent manufacturers' representatives working directly with certain retailers, distributors, and original equipment manufacturers. International markets are served by domestic sales representatives and sales personnel in the Netherlands and the Caucasus region which utilize independent distributors in several foreign countries. The Company has two subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss U.K. Limited ("Koss UK"), which were formed to comply with certain European Union ("EU") requirements. Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK are non-operating and hold no assets.

BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND CONSOLIDATION — The Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Koss and its subsidiaries, Koss Corp B.V. and Koss UK, which are 100%-owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated.

USE OF ESTIMATES — The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the Consolidated Financial Statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reported periods. Actual results could differ from those estimates. During the quarter ended September 30, 2024, the Company reclassified certain amounts on its June 30, 2024 balance sheet to enhance clarity and consistency in financial statement reporting. Specifically, short-term deferred revenue liabilities related to estimated volume incentive rebates and sales returns were reclassified to accrued liabilities to reflect that revenue was already recognized on the sales related to these liabilities. To conform with current period presentation, the Company reclassified $60,511 to accrued liabilities at June 30, 2024. This reclassification does not affect the total assets, total liabilities, or equity of the Company.

REVENUE RECOGNITION — Revenues from product sales are recognized when the customer obtains control of the product, which typically occurs upon shipment from the Company's facility. There are a very limited number of customers for which control does not pass until they have received the products at their facility. Revenue from product sales is adjusted for estimated warranty obligations and variable consideration, which are detailed below. The amount of revenue recognized is to reflect the consideration expected to be received for those goods or services.

Warranties - The Company offers a lifetime warranty to consumers in the United States and certain other countries. This lifetime warranty creates a future performance obligation. The Company determines the standalone selling price for this performance obligation using the cost-plus method. There are also certain foreign distributors that receive warranty repair parts and replacement headphones to satisfy warranty obligations in those countries. The Company defers revenue to recognize the future obligations related to these warranties. The deferred revenue is based on historical analysis of warranty claims relative to sales. This deferred revenue reflects the Company's best estimates of the amount of warranty returns and repairs it will experience during those future periods. If future warranty activity varies from the estimates, the Company will adjust the estimated deferred revenue, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period that such adjustment becomes known. The Company typically receives payment for product at the time of shipment or under normal collection terms, which are generally 30-60 days. The Company estimates that the warranty related performance obligation is satisfied within one to three years and therefore uses that same time frame for recognition of the deferred revenue, using amortization of 50% in year 1, 30% in year 2, and 20% in year 3 for domestic sales. Export deferred revenue, where applicable, is recognized over a 12-month period from date of shipment.

Reserves for Variable Consideration - Revenue from product sales is recorded at the net sales price, which includes estimates of variable consideration for which reserves are established and which result from returns, rebates, and co-pay assistance that are offered within contracts between the Company and its customers. Overall, these reserves reflect the Company's best estimates of the amount of consideration to which it is entitled based on the terms of the contract. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

Product Returns - The Company generally offers customers a limited right of return. The Company estimates the amount of product sales that may be returned by its customers and records the estimate as a reduction of revenue in the period the related product revenue is recognized. Product return liabilities are estimated using historical sales and returns information. If actual results in the future vary from the estimates, the Company will adjust these estimates, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

Volume Rebates - The Company offers volume rebates to certain customers in the United States and certain foreign distributors. These volume rebates are tied to sales volume within specified periods. The amount of revenue is reduced for variable consideration related

to customer rebates, which are calculated using expected values and is based on program specific factors such as expected rebate percentages and expected volumes. Changes in such accruals may be required if actual sales volume differs from estimated sales volume, which would affect net sales and operating results in the period such variances become known.

Seller Fees – The Company pays fees to a major online marketplace for use of its services. Referral fees, the commission paid to the online platform to cover the costs associated with promoting, advertising, and facilitating product sales to its customers, are calculated as a percentage of the sales price and are imposed on sales of all products sold through the marketplace. When orders are fulfilled by the online marketplace, the Company is assessed fulfillment fees to cover the cost of fulfillment of the order as well as the assumption of risk of inventory control, damages and returns. The fees assessed are based on a product’s category, price, size and weight and are deducted from the sales price of each product prior to remittance to the Company with revenue reported on a net basis. Revenue from orders obtained through the online marketplace, but fulfilled by the Company direct to the end customer, are reported as gross sales and referral fees are recorded as selling expense in selling, general and administrative expenses. The Company’s related fulfillment costs are recorded in cost of goods sold.

Sales Commissions - The Company has elected the practical expedient of not capitalizing sales commissions.

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT — Research and development is primarily comprised of product prototypes and testing. These activities, charged to operations as a component of selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations, amounted to $213,870 and $238,086 in 2025 and 2024, respectively.

ADVERTISING COSTS — Advertising costs included within selling, general and administrative expenses in the accompanying Consolidated Statements of Operations were $251,966 in 2025 and $142,859 in 2024. Such costs are expensed as incurred.

INCOME TAXES — The Company operates as a C Corporation under the Internal Revenue Code (the “Code”). Amounts provided for income tax expense (benefit) are based on income reported for financial statement purposes and do not necessarily represent amounts currently payable under tax laws. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are computed annually for differences between the financial statements and tax bases of assets and liabilities that will result in taxable or deductible amounts in the future based on enacted tax laws and rates applicable to the periods in which the differences are expected to affect taxable income. As changes in tax laws or rates are enacted, deferred income tax assets and liabilities are adjusted through the provision (benefit) for income taxes. The differences relate principally to different methods used for depreciation and amortization for income tax purposes, net operating loss carryforwards, capitalization requirements of the Code, allowances for doubtful accounts, provisions for excess and obsolete inventory, stock-based compensation, warranty reserves, and other income tax-related carryforwards. A valuation allowance is established when necessary to reduce deferred income tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized.

PATENT COSTS — The Company incurs on-going legal fees and filing costs related to the patent portfolio. These costs are expensed in the period they are incurred since no patent legal costs are probable to provide a future economic benefit.

LOSS PER COMMON SHARE — Loss per common share is calculated under the provisions of Topic 260 in the Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) which provides for calculation of “basic” and “diluted” loss per share. Basic loss per common share includes no dilution and is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average common shares outstanding for the period. Diluted loss per common share reflects the potential dilution of securities that could share in the earnings losses of an entity. See Note 11 for additional information on loss per common share.

CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS — The Company considers depository accounts and investments with a maturity at the date of acquisition and expected usage of three months or less to be cash and cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash on deposit at a commercial bank located in the United States of America. The Company periodically has cash balances in excess of insured amounts. The Company has not experienced, and does not expect to incur, any losses on these deposits.

ACCOUNTS RECEIVABLE — Accounts receivable consist of unsecured trade receivables due from customers. An allowance for credit losses is deducted from the cost basis of the receivables and is estimated using the aging method whereby expected credit losses are determined on the basis of how long a receivable has been outstanding as well as historical loss data. The estimates are then adjusted for changes in the risk characteristics of the Company’s customer base, changes in credit practices, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable future forecasts that would impact the collectability of the receivables.

At June 30, 2025 and 2024, the allowance for credit losses was $2,043 and $1,922, respectively. Adjustments of $121 and ($4,105) were made during the years ended June 30, 2025 and 2024, respectively, to record the appropriate allowance per the aging method. No write-offs were necessary and there were no recoveries on prior losses in fiscal years 2025 and 2024. As such, the impact of the change on the Company’s financial statements was not significant. The opening balance of accounts receivable was $1,379,517 at June 30, 2023, net of the allowance for credit losses of $6,027.

PREPAID EXPENSES AND OTHER CURRENT ASSETS — Prepaid expenses and other current assets consist primarily of advance payments for software subscriptions and other services to be received in future periods, partial downpayments for inventory not yet received and a refund due from the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for overpayment of improperly withheld amounts for Social Security and Medicare (“FICA”) taxes on the taxable gains resulting from disqualifying dispositions of Incentive Stock Options (ISO) beginning in fiscal year 2021. The Company has reimbursed the employees for the over withheld taxes.

As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the net refund expected from the IRS is $491,677 and $722,498, respectively, and is included in prepaid expenses and other current assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

INVESTMENTS — Debt securities are classified as held-to-maturity as the Company has the positive intent and ability to hold them to maturity. The securities are carried at amortized cost as current or noncurrent based upon maturity date and unrealized gains and losses are recognized when realized. The amortized cost of debt securities is adjusted for amortization of premium and accretion of discount to maturity. Such amortization or accretion is included in interest income, along with other interest on cash and cash equivalents. Accrued interest receivable on held-to-maturity debt securities is shown separately on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and is not included in any estimate for credit losses. No allowance for credit losses on held-to-maturity U.S. Treasury securities is recorded as these securities have the following characteristics that support a zero-loss expectation: they are explicitly guaranteed by the U.S. government, are consistently highly rated by major rating agencies and have a long history of no credit losses. See Note 4 for additional information on investments.

INVENTORIES — As of June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s inventory was recorded using standard cost which approximates the lower of first in first out (“FIFO”) cost or net realizable value. The carrying value of inventory is reviewed for impairment on at least a quarterly basis, or more frequently if warranted due to changes in market conditions. See Note 5 for additional information on inventory.

EQUIPMENT AND LEASEHOLD IMPROVEMENTS — Equipment and leasehold improvements are stated at cost. Depreciation and amortization are calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets. Leasehold improvements are amortized using the straight-line method over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset. Major expenditures for leasehold improvements and equipment and significant renewals are capitalized. Maintenance, repairs and minor renewals are expensed as incurred. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, their costs and related accumulated depreciation and amortization are removed from the accounts and any resulting gains or losses are included in operations. See Note 6 for additional information on equipment and leasehold improvements.

LEASES — The Company determines if a contract is a lease at the date of inception. The Company leases its facility in Milwaukee, Wisconsin from Koss Holdings, LLC, which is controlled by five equal ownership interests in trusts held by the five beneficiaries of the former chairman’s revocable trust and includes current stockholders of the Company. The lease agreement provides the Company the right to substantially all of the economic benefits and direct the use of the building, thus is considered a lease. The agreement does not convey ownership of the building to the lessee at the end of the lease term, does not contain an option to purchase the underlying asset at the end of the lease term and the lease term is not for a major part of the remaining economic life of the underlying asset so is accounted for as an operating lease.

Operating leases are reported on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets as operating lease right-of-use ("ROU") assets and operating lease liabilities. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are valued at the present value of the future lease payment obligations. The Company uses a rate based upon current incremental borrowing rates to determine the present value of future lease payments as the rate is not implicit in the lease. Operating lease expense is recorded on a straight-line basis over the life of the lease taking into account expected renewal periods.

LIFE INSURANCE POLICIES — Life insurance policies are stated at cash surrender value or at the amount the Company would receive in the case of split-dollar arrangements. Increases in cash surrender value, net of annual premiums paid, and the proceeds from company-owned life insurance policies are included in selling, general and administrative expenses and other income, respectively, in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.

DEFERRED COMPENSATION —At June 30, 2025 and 2024, the Company’s deferred compensation liability is for a current officer and is calculated based on years of service and compensation, along with various assumptions related to expected retirement date, discount rates, and mortality tables. The related expense is calculated using the net present value of the expected payments and is included in selling, general and administrative expenses in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. See Note 10 for additional information on deferred compensation.

FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS — Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an ordinary transaction between market participants at the measurement date. A three-tier hierarchy prioritizes the inputs used in measuring fair value. These tiers include Level 1, defined as observable inputs such as quoted market prices in active markets; Level 2, defined as inputs other than quoted market prices in active markets that are either directly or indirectly observable; and Level 3, defined as unobservable inputs in which little or no market data exists, therefore, requiring an entity to develop its own assumptions. The asset's or liability's fair value measurement within the hierarchy is based on the lowest level of any input that is significant to the fair value measurement.

Cash equivalents, accounts receivable, and accounts payable approximate fair value based on the short maturity of these instruments. The Company’s U.S. treasury debt securities are recorded at amortized cost with fair value disclosure. They have a readily available market price (Level 1 input), thus a lesser degree of judgment needs to be used in measuring fair value, and fair value was determined by quoted market prices. The fair value is based upon quoted market prices and is disclosed in Note 4.

IMPAIRMENT OF LONG-LIVED ASSETS — The Company evaluates the recoverability of the carrying amount of long-lived assets whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be fully recoverable. If an asset is considered to be impaired, the impairment to be recognized is measured as the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds its fair value. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell. Management determines fair value using an undiscounted future cash flow analysis or other accepted valuation techniques. No impairments of the Company's long-lived assets were recorded in the years ended June 30, 2025 or 2024.

LEGAL COSTS — All legal costs related to litigation, for which the Company is liable, are charged to operations as incurred, except contingent legal fees as described below. Proceeds from the settlement of legal disputes are recorded in other income when the

amounts are determinable, and the collection is certain. License proceeds are considered functional and as such are recorded at a point in time, based on the underlying agreement. Related contingent legal fees and expenses are recorded in selling, general and

administrative expense at that time. Changes to the contingent legal fee expenses could have a material impact on the results of operations.

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION — The Company has a stock-based employee compensation plan, which is described more fully in Note 12. The Company accounts for stock-based compensation in accordance with ASC 718 “Compensation - Stock Compensation”. Under the fair value recognition provisions of this statement, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the fair value of the award and is recognized as expense over the vesting period. The Company recognizes forfeitures as they occur.