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Other Comprehensive Income Loss (Tables)
 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2011
Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Tables) [Abstract]  
Each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
                                 
                            Thousands of  
    Millions of yen     U.S. dollars  
    2011     2010     2009     2011  
Foreign currency translation adjustments:
                               
Balance, beginning of year
  ¥ (85,056 )   ¥ (84,152 )   ¥ (34,457 )   $ (1,024,771 )
Adjustment for the year
    (37,230 )     (904 )     (49,695 )     (448,555 )
 
                       
Balance, end of year
  ¥ (122,286 )   ¥ (85,056 )   ¥ (84,152 )   $ (1,473,326 )
 
                       
Net unrealized holding gains on securities available for sale:
                               
Balance, beginning of year
  ¥ 14,126     ¥ 8,646     ¥ 24,736     $ 170,193  
Net increase (decrease)
    1,978       5,480       (16,090 )     23,831  
 
                       
Balance, end of year
  ¥ 16,104     ¥ 14,126     ¥ 8,646     $ 194,024  
 
                       
Pension liability adjustments:
                               
Balance, beginning of year
  ¥ (24,315 )   ¥ (29,235 )   ¥ (19,208 )   $ (292,952 )
Adjustment for the year
    (91 )     4,920       (10,027 )     (1,095 )
 
                       
Balance, end of year
  ¥ (24,406 )   ¥ (24,315 )   ¥ (29,235 )   $ (294,047 )
 
                       
Net unrealized holding gains (losses) on derivative instruments:
                               
Balance, beginning of year
  ¥ (389 )   ¥ (1,003 )   ¥ 150     $ (4,687 )
Net increase (decrease)
    (82 )     614       (1,153 )     (988 )
 
                       
Balance, end of year
  ¥ (471 )   ¥ (389 )   ¥ (1,003 )   $ (5,675 )
 
                       
Total accumulated other comprehensive loss;
                               
Balance, beginning of year
  ¥ (95,634 )   ¥ (105,744 )   ¥ (28,779 )   $ (1,152,217 )
Other comprehensive income (loss) for the year, net of tax
    (35,425 )     10,110       (76,965 )     (426,807 )
 
                       
Balance, end of year
  ¥ (131,059 )   ¥ (95,634 )   ¥ (105,744 )   $ (1,579,024 )
 
                       
Tax effects allocated to each component of other comprehensive income (loss)
                         
    Millions of yen  
    Pretax     Tax (expense)     Net of tax  
    amount     or benefit     amount  
2011:
                       
Foreign currency translation adjustments
  ¥ (37,730 )   ¥ 493     ¥ (37,237 )
Net unrealized holding gains on securities available for sale:
                       
Unrealized holding gains arising during the year
    4,172       (1,678 )     2,494  
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    (871 )     355       (516 )
 
                 
Net unrealized gains
    3,301       (1,323 )     1,978  
Pension liability adjustments
                       
Unrealized holding losses arising during the year
    (4,308 )     2,706       (1,602 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    2,761       (1,250 )     1,511  
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (1,547 )     1,456       (91 )
Net unrealized holding losses on derivative instruments:
                       
Changes in fair value of derivatives
    7,315       (2,971 )     4,344  
Net gains reclassified into earnings
    (7,475 )     3,049       (4,426 )
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (160 )     78       (82 )
 
                 
Other comprehensive loss
  ¥ (36,136 )   ¥ 704     ¥ (35,432 )
 
                 
2010:
                       
Foreign currency translation adjustments
  ¥ (1,196 )   ¥ 292     ¥ (904 )
Net unrealized holding gains on securities available for sale:
                       
Unrealized holding gains arising during the year
    9,124       (3,843 )     5,281  
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    336       (137 )     199  
 
                 
Net unrealized gains
    9,460       (3,980 )     5,480  
Pension liability adjustments
                       
Unrealized holding gains arising during the year
    3,930       (1,224 )     2,706  
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    2,833       (619 )     2,214  
 
                 
Net unrealized gains
    6,763       (1,843 )     4,920  
Net unrealized holding gains on derivative instruments:
                       
Changes in fair value of derivatives
    2,121       (1,138 )     983  
Net gains reclassified into earnings
    (621 )     252       (369 )
 
                 
Net unrealized gains
    1,500       (886 )     614  
 
                 
Other comprehensive income
  ¥ 16,527     ¥ (6,417 )   ¥ 10,110  
 
                 
2009:
                       
Foreign currency translation adjustments
  ¥ (50,243 )   ¥ 548     ¥ (49,695 )
Net unrealized holding losses on securities available for sale:
                       
Unrealized holding losses arising during the year
    (29,333 )     11,432       (17,901 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    3,058       (1,247 )     1,811  
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (26,275 )     10,185       (16,090 )
Pension liability adjustments
                       
Unrealized holding losses arising during the year
    (16,843 )     4,420       (12,423 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    2,961       (565 )     2,396  
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (13,882 )     3,855       (10,027 )
Net unrealized holding losses on derivative instruments:
                       
Changes in fair value of derivatives
    855       (306 )     549  
Net gains reclassified into earnings
    (2,892 )     1,190       (1,702 )
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (2,037 )     884       (1,153 )
 
                 
Other comprehensive loss
  ¥ (92,437 )   ¥ 15,472     ¥ (76,965 )
 
                 
                         
    Thousands of U.S. dollars  
    Pretax     Tax (expense)     Net of tax  
    amount     or benefit     amount  
2011:
                       
Foreign currency translation adjustments
  $ (454,579 )   $ 5,940     $ (448,639 )
Net unrealized holding gains on securities available for sale:
                       
Unrealized holding gains arising during the year
    50,265       (20,217 )     30,048  
Less: reclassification adjustment for gains included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    (10,494 )     4,277       (6,217 )
 
                 
Net unrealized gains
    39,771       (15,940 )     23,831  
Pension liability adjustments
                       
Unrealized holding losses arising during the year
    (51,903 )     32,602       (19,301 )
Less: reclassification adjustment for losses included in net income attributable to Komatsu Ltd.
    33,266       (15,060 )     18,206  
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (18,637 )     17,542       (1,095 )
Net unrealized holding losses on derivative instruments:
                       
Changes in fair value of derivatives
    88,132       (35,795 )     52,337  
Net gains reclassified into earnings
    (90,060 )     36,735       (53,325 )
 
                 
Net unrealized losses
    (1,928 )     940       (988 )
 
                 
Other comprehensive loss
  $ (435,373 )   $ 8,482     $ (426,891 )