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Statutory Financial Information (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2023
Statutory Financial Information [Abstract]  
Statutory Permitted Practices Disclosure Additional information regarding the Unum America PDR is as follows:
Year Ended December 31
202320222021
(in millions of dollars)
Premium Deficiency Reserve
Gross Premium Deficiency Reserve1
$1,604 $2,851 $2,977 
Cumulative Gross Premium Deficiency Reserve Recognized1,604 1,191 667 
Remaining Premium Deficiency Reserve to be Recognized$— $1,660 $2,310 
1The gross PDR decreased by $1,247 million during 2023 due primarily to changes in the assumed reinvestment rate as well as premium rate increase activity. The gross PDR decreased by $126 million during 2022 due primarily to premium rate increase activity and underlying growth in the locked-in statutory reserve basis. The gross PDR increased by $687 million during 2021 due primarily to changes in the assumed reinvestment rate. The increase for 2021 was from a gross PDR of $2,290 million as of December 31, 2020, which was an increase from the original $2,100 million reserve deficiency as of December 31, 2018.
Statutory Earnings and Surplus
The operating results and capital and surplus of our traditional U.S. life insurance subsidiaries and our captive reinsurers, prepared in accordance with prescribed or permitted accounting practices of the NAIC or states of domicile, are presented separately below.
Year Ended December 31
202320222021
(in millions of dollars)
Combined Net Income (Loss)
Traditional U.S. Life Insurance Subsidiaries$1,329.9 $965.4 $779.5 
Captive Reinsurers$(318.3)$(432.2)$(159.0)
Combined Net Gain (Loss) from Operations, After Tax
Traditional U.S. Life Insurance Subsidiaries$1,351.5 $965.4 $681.1 
Captive Reinsurers$(279.4)$(428.6)$(247.4)

December 31
20232022
(in millions of dollars)
Combined Capital and Surplus
Traditional U.S. Life Insurance Subsidiaries$3,751.3 $3,816.3 
Captive Reinsurers$1,534.9 $1,229.6