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Segment Information
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2017
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information
We have three principal operating business segments: Unum US, Unum UK, and Colonial Life. Our other segments are Closed Block and Corporate.

Segment information is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions of dollars)
Premium Income
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Unum US
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Disability
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Long-term Disability
$
435.2

 
$
428.1

 
$
1,307.3

 
$
1,291.6

Group Short-term Disability
161.1

 
155.5

 
477.3

 
469.2

Group Life and Accidental Death & Dismemberment
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Life
370.0

 
353.4

 
1,101.7

 
1,053.6

Accidental Death & Dismemberment
37.2

 
35.3

 
110.5

 
104.8

Supplemental and Voluntary
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual Disability
104.4

 
125.6

 
318.1

 
374.4

Voluntary Benefits
210.8

 
197.1

 
639.2

 
602.1

Dental and Vision
42.2

 
20.0

 
124.9

 
20.0

 
1,360.9

 
1,315.0

 
4,079.0

 
3,915.7

Unum UK
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Group Long-term Disability
87.0

 
85.5

 
251.6

 
274.1

Group Life
26.7

 
24.9

 
76.9

 
80.9

Supplemental
17.8

 
16.9

 
51.1

 
52.4

 
131.5

 
127.3

 
379.6

 
407.4

Colonial Life
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Accident, Sickness, and Disability
222.3

 
207.7

 
661.5

 
619.2

Life
74.6

 
68.0

 
223.8

 
203.4

Cancer and Critical Illness
81.8

 
78.4

 
244.0

 
234.1

 
378.7

 
354.1

 
1,129.3

 
1,056.7

Closed Block
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual Disability
117.9

 
129.9

 
357.7

 
394.0

Long-term Care
162.4

 
161.4

 
486.4

 
482.0

All Other
2.2

 
1.7

 
6.7

 
2.7

 
282.5

 
293.0

 
850.8

 
878.7

Total Premium Income
$
2,153.6

 
$
2,089.4

 
$
6,438.7

 
$
6,258.5


 
Unum US
 
Unum UK
 
Colonial Life
 
Closed Block
 
Corporate
 
Total
 
(in millions of dollars)
Three Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium Income
$
1,360.9

 
$
131.5

 
$
378.7

 
$
282.5

 
$

 
$
2,153.6

Net Investment Income
201.0

 
28.5

 
36.0

 
337.2

 
6.3

 
609.0

Other Income
26.5

 
0.6

 
0.3

 
18.9

 
0.4

 
46.7

Operating Revenue
$
1,588.4

 
$
160.6

 
$
415.0

 
$
638.6

 
$
6.7

 
$
2,809.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income (Loss)
$
258.4

 
$
26.5

 
$
81.7

 
$
26.6

 
$
(36.2
)
 
$
357.0

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Three Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium Income
$
1,315.0

 
$
127.3

 
$
354.1

 
$
293.0

 
$

 
$
2,089.4

Net Investment Income
207.3

 
28.5

 
36.1

 
334.1

 
5.4

 
611.4

Other Income
28.7

 

 
0.4

 
21.5

 
0.9

 
51.5

Operating Revenue
$
1,551.0

 
$
155.8

 
$
390.6

 
$
648.6

 
$
6.3

 
$
2,752.3

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income (Loss)
$
231.0

 
$
28.2

 
$
79.0

 
$
28.6

 
$
(45.7
)
 
$
321.1


 
Unum US
 
Unum UK
 
Colonial Life
 
Closed Block
 
Corporate
 
Total
 
(in millions of dollars)
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium Income
$
4,079.0

 
$
379.6

 
$
1,129.3

 
$
850.8

 
$

 
$
6,438.7

Net Investment Income
609.1

 
88.3

 
107.8

 
1,012.5

 
14.2

 
1,831.9

Other Income
85.3

 
0.6

 
0.8

 
59.9

 
1.5

 
148.1

Operating Revenue
$
4,773.4

 
$
468.5

 
$
1,237.9

 
$
1,923.2

 
$
15.7

 
$
8,418.7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income (Loss)
$
745.3

 
$
82.0

 
$
245.9

 
$
90.8

 
$
(113.6
)
 
$
1,050.4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premium Income
$
3,915.7

 
$
407.4

 
$
1,056.7

 
$
878.7

 
$

 
$
6,258.5

Net Investment Income
622.4

 
89.3

 
105.7

 
1,008.6

 
15.1

 
1,841.1

Other Income
85.6

 
0.2

 
1.0

 
65.3

 
2.5

 
154.6

Operating Revenue
$
4,623.7

 
$
496.9

 
$
1,163.4

 
$
1,952.6

 
$
17.6

 
$
8,254.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Operating Income (Loss)
$
674.1

 
$
98.7

 
$
234.3

 
$
94.9

 
$
(121.3
)
 
$
980.7


 
September 30
 
December 31
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions of dollars)
Assets
 
 
 
Unum US
$
18,069.2

 
$
18,036.6

Unum UK
3,422.9

 
3,101.4

Colonial Life
4,099.4

 
3,923.2

Closed Block
34,717.0

 
33,734.3

Corporate
3,497.2

 
3,146.0

Total Assets
$
63,805.7

 
$
61,941.5



We measure and analyze our segment performance on the basis of "operating revenue" and "operating income" or "operating loss", which differ from total revenue and income before income tax as presented in our consolidated statements of income due to the exclusion of net realized investment gains and losses and certain other items as specified in the reconciliations below. We believe operating revenue and operating income or loss are better performance measures and better indicators of the revenue and profitability and underlying trends in our business. These performance measures are in accordance with GAAP guidance for segment reporting, but they should not be viewed as a substitute for total revenue, income before income tax, or net income. 

Realized investment gains or losses depend on market conditions and do not necessarily relate to decisions regarding the underlying business of our segments. Our investment focus is on investment income to support our insurance liabilities as opposed to the generation of realized investment gains or losses. Although we may experience realized investment gains or losses which will affect future earnings levels, a long-term focus is necessary to maintain profitability over the life of the business since our underlying business is long-term in nature, and we need to earn the interest rates assumed in calculating our liabilities.

We previously excluded the amortization of prior period actuarial gains or losses, a component of the net periodic benefit cost for our pension and other postretirement benefit plans. Effective January 1, 2017, the amortization of prior period actuarial gains or losses is now reported as a component of "operating income" in the following chart. Amounts for periods prior to January 1, 2017 have been adjusted to conform to current year reporting.

We may at other times exclude certain other items from our discussion of financial ratios and metrics in order to enhance the understanding and comparability of our operational performance and the underlying fundamentals, but this exclusion is not an indication that similar items may not recur and does not replace net income or net loss as a measure of our overall profitability. See Note 11 for further discussion regarding the loss from a guaranty fund assessment.

A reconciliation of total revenue to "operating revenue" and income before income tax to "operating income" is as follows:
 
Three Months Ended September 30
 
Nine Months Ended September 30
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions of dollars)
Total Revenue
$
2,819.1

 
$
2,763.3

 
$
8,447.6

 
$
8,250.0

Excluding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Realized Investment Gain (Loss)
9.8

 
11.0

 
28.9

 
(4.2
)
Operating Revenue
$
2,809.3

 
$
2,752.3

 
$
8,418.7

 
$
8,254.2

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Income Before Income Tax
$
366.8

 
$
332.1

 
$
1,058.7

 
$
976.5

Excluding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Net Realized Investment Gain (Loss)
9.8

 
11.0

 
28.9

 
(4.2
)
Loss from Guaranty Fund Assessment

 

 
(20.6
)
 

Operating Income
$
357.0

 
$
321.1

 
$
1,050.4

 
$
980.7