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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS
3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2013
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS  
FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

5. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

 

 

Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis

 

We carry certain of our financial instruments at fair value. We define the fair value of a financial instrument as the amount that would be received from the sale of an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. You should read the following in conjunction with Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2012 Annual Report for a complete discussion of our accounting policies and procedures regarding fair value measurements.

Assets and liabilities recorded at fair value in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet are measured and classified in accordance with a fair value hierarchy consisting of three "levels" based on the observability of inputs available in the marketplace used to measure the fair values as discussed below:

Level 1:  Fair value measurements that are quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets that AIG has the ability to access for identical assets or liabilities. Market price data generally is obtained from exchange or dealer markets. We do not adjust the quoted price for such instruments.

Level 2:  Fair value measurements based on inputs other than quoted prices included in Level 1, that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly. Level 2 inputs include quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, and inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, such as interest rates and yield curves that are observable at commonly quoted intervals.

Level 3:  Fair value measurements based on valuation techniques that use significant inputs that are unobservable. Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair values of positions classified in Level 3. The circumstances for using these measurements include those in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability. Therefore, we must make certain assumptions as to the inputs a hypothetical market participant would use to value that asset or liability. In certain cases, the inputs used to measure fair value may fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In those cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value measurement in its entirety falls is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement in its entirety.

 

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis

 

The following table presents information about assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicates the level of the fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

 

   
March 31, 2013
(in millions)
  Level 1
  Level 2
  Level 3
  Counterparty
Netting(a)

  Cash
Collateral(b)

  Total
 
   

Assets:

                                                       

Bonds available for sale:

                                                       

U.S. government and government sponsored entities

  $   $ 3,496   $   $   $   $ 3,496  

Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions

        34,092     1,019             35,111  

Non-U.S. governments

    690     24,667     18             25,375  

Corporate debt

        148,857     1,449             150,306  

RMBS

        24,030     12,096             36,126  

CMBS

        5,096     5,315             10,411  

CDO/ABS

        3,849     5,577             9,426
   

Total bonds available for sale

    690     244,087     25,474             270,251
   

Bond trading securities:

                                                       

U.S. government and government sponsored entities

    174     6,165                 6,339  

Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions

        183                 183  

Non-U.S. governments

        2                 2  

Corporate debt

        1,138                 1,138  

RMBS

        1,239     730             1,969  

CMBS

        1,143     776             1,919  

CDO/ABS

        3,463     8,842             12,305
   

Total bond trading securities

    174     13,333     10,348             23,855
   

Equity securities available for sale:

                                                       

Common stock

    2,899     1     22             2,922  

Preferred stock

        33     49             82  

Mutual funds

    81     23                 104
   

Total equity securities available for sale

    2,980     57     71             3,108
   

Equity securities trading

    614     82                 696  

Mortgage and other loans receivable

        58                 58  

Other invested assets

    129     1,721     5,467             7,317  

Derivative assets:

                                     

Interest rate contracts

    5     4,869     961             5,835  

Foreign exchange contracts

        81                 81  

Equity contracts

    132     51     69             252  

Commodity contracts

        146     1             147  

Credit contracts

            59             59  

Other contracts

            38             38  

Counterparty netting and cash collateral

                (2,234 )   (888 )   (3,122 )
   

Total derivative assets

    137     5,147     1,128     (2,234 )   (888 )   3,290
   

Short-term investments

    218     6,194                 6,412  

Separate account assets

    58,111     2,948                 61,059  

Other assets

        694                 694
   

Total

  $ 63,053   $ 274,321   $ 42,488   $ (2,234 ) $ (888 ) $ 376,740
   

Liabilities:

                                                       

Policyholder contract deposits

  $   $   $ 1,047   $   $   $ 1,047  

Derivative liabilities:

                                     

Interest rate contracts

        5,190     205             5,395  

Foreign exchange contracts

        128                 128  

Equity contracts

        109     3             112  

Commodity contracts

        148                 148  

Credit contracts

            1,834             1,834  

Other contracts

        6     177             183  

Counterparty netting and cash collateral

                (2,234 )   (1,855 )   (4,089 )
   

Total derivative liabilities

        5,581     2,219     (2,234 )   (1,855 )   3,711
   

Long-term debt

        7,256     407             7,663  

Other liabilities

    5     919                 924
   

Total

  $ 5   $ 13,756   $ 3,673   $ (2,234 ) $ (1,855 ) $ 13,345
   

 

   
December 31, 2012
(in millions)
  Level 1
  Level 2
  Level 3
  Counterparty
Netting(a)

  Cash
Collateral(b)

  Total
 
   

Assets:

                                     

Bonds available for sale:

                                     

U.S. government and government sponsored entities

  $   $ 3,483   $   $   $   $ 3,483  

Obligations of states, municipalities and political subdivisions

        34,681     1,024             35,705  

Non-U.S. governments

    1,004     25,782     14             26,800  

Corporate debt

        149,625     1,487             151,112  

RMBS

        22,730     11,662             34,392  

CMBS

        5,010     5,124             10,134  

CDO/ABS

        3,492     4,841             8,333
   

Total bonds available for sale

    1,004     244,803     24,152             269,959
   

Bond trading securities:

                                     

U.S. government and government sponsored entities

    266     6,528                 6,794  

Non-U.S. governments

        2                 2  

Corporate debt

        1,320                 1,320  

RMBS

        1,331     396             1,727  

CMBS

        1,424     812             2,236  

CDO/ABS

        3,969     8,536             12,505
   

Total bond trading securities

    266     14,574     9,744             24,584
   

Equity securities available for sale:

                                     

Common stock

    3,002     3     24             3,029  

Preferred stock

        34     44             78  

Mutual funds

    83     22                 105
   

Total equity securities available for sale

    3,085     59     68             3,212
   

Equity securities trading

    578     84                 662  

Mortgage and other loans receivable

        134                 134  

Other invested assets

    125     1,542     5,389             7,056  

Derivative assets:

                                     

Interest rate contracts

    2     5,521     956             6,479  

Foreign exchange contracts

        104                 104  

Equity contracts

    104     63     54             221  

Commodity contracts

        144     1             145  

Credit contracts

            60             60  

Other contracts

            38             38  

Counterparty netting and cash collateral

                (2,467 )   (909 )   (3,376 )
   

Total derivative assets

    106     5,832     1,109     (2,467 )   (909 )   3,671
   

Short-term investments

    285     7,771                 8,056  

Separate account assets

    54,430     2,907                 57,337  

Other assets

        696                 696
   

Total

  $ 59,879   $ 278,402   $ 40,462   $ (2,467 ) $ (909 ) $ 375,367
   

Liabilities:

                                     

Policyholder contract deposits

  $   $   $ 1,257   $   $   $ 1,257  

Derivative liabilities:

                                     

Interest rate contracts

        5,582     224             5,806  

Foreign exchange contracts

        174                 174  

Equity contracts

        114     7             121  

Commodity contracts

        146                 146  

Credit contracts

            2,051             2,051  

Other contracts

        6     200             206  

Counterparty netting and cash collateral

                (2,467 )   (1,976 )   (4,443 )
   

Total derivative liabilities

        6,022     2,482     (2,467 )   (1,976 )   4,061
   

Long-term debt

        7,711     344             8,055  

Other liabilities

    30     1,050                 1,080
   

Total

  $ 30   $ 14,783   $ 4,083   $ (2,467 ) $ (1,976 ) $ 14,453
   

(a)      Represents netting of derivative exposures covered by a qualifying master netting agreement.

(b)      Represents cash collateral posted and received. Securities collateral posted for derivative transactions that is reflected in Fixed maturity securities in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and collateral received, not reflected in the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, was $1.7 billion and $163 million, respectively, at March 31, 2013 and $1.9 billion and $299 million, respectively, at December 31, 2012.

 

Transfers of Level 1 and Level 2 Assets and Liabilities

 

Our policy is to record transfers of assets and liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 at their fair values as of the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. Assets are transferred out of Level 1 when they are no longer transacted with sufficient frequency and volume in an active market. Conversely, assets are transferred from Level 2 to Level 1 when transaction volume and frequency are indicative of an active market. During the three month period ended March 31, 2013, we transferred $239 million of securities issued by Non-U.S. government entities from Level 1 to Level 2, as they are no longer considered actively traded. For similar reasons, during the three month period ended March 31, 2013, we transferred $93 million of securities issued by the U.S. government and government-sponsored entities from Level 1 to Level 2. We had no material transfers from Level 2 to Level 1 during the three month period ended March 31, 2013.

 

Changes in Level 3 Recurring Fair Value Measurements

 

The following tables present changes during the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012 in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, and the realized and unrealized gains (losses) related to the Level 3 assets and liabilities on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2013 and 2012:

 

   
(in millions)
  Fair Value
Beginning
of Period(a)

  Net
Realized and
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
Included
in Income

  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

  Purchases,
Sales,
Issues and
Settlements, Net

  Gross
Transfers
in

  Gross
Transfers
out

  Fair Value
End
of Period

  Changes in
Unrealized Gains
(Losses) Included
in Income on
Instruments Held
at End of Period

 
   

March 31, 2013

                                                 

Assets:

                                                 

Bonds available for
sale:

                                                 

Obligations of states,
municipalities and
political
subdivisions                            

  $ 1,024   $ 1   $ (5 ) $ 136   $   $ (137 ) $ 1,019   $  

Non-U.S.
governments

    14     1         2     1         18      

Corporate debt

    1,487     (4 )   6     22     77     (139 )   1,449      

RMBS

    11,662     205     481     (262 )   10         12,096      

CMBS

    5,124     11     141     (75 )   154     (40 )   5,315      

CDO/ABS

    4,841     24     76     639     180     (183 )   5,577    
   

Total bonds available for
sale

    24,152     238     699     462     422     (499 )   25,474    
   

Bond trading securities:

                                                 

RMBS

    396     22         74     238         730     (17 )

CMBS

    812     12         (99 )   159     (108 )   776     (25 )

CDO/ABS

    8,536     284         (436 )   486     (28 )   8,842     82
   

Total bond trading
securities

    9,744     318         (461 )   883     (136 )   10,348     40
   

Equity securities
available for sale:

                                                 

Common stock

    24     9     (1 )   (10 )           22      

Preferred stock

    44         5                 49    
   

Total equity securities
available for sale

    68     9     4     (10 )           71    
   

Other invested assets

    5,389     61     (13 )   (3 )   127     (94 )   5,467    
   

Total

  $ 39,353   $ 626   $ 690   $ (12 ) $ 1,432   $ (729 ) $ 41,360   $ 40
   

Liabilities:

                                                 

Policyholder contract
deposits                            

  $ (1,257 ) $ 205   $   $ 5   $   $   $ (1,047 ) $ 28  

Derivative liabilities,
net:

                                                 

Interest rate
contracts

    732     11         13             756     (3 )

Equity contracts

    47     28         (7 )   (2 )       66     (12 )

Commodity contracts

    1     1         (1 )           1      

Credit contracts

    (1,991 )   175         41             (1,775 )   (214 )

Other contracts

    (162 )   7         16             (139 )   13
   

Total derivative liabilities,
net

    (1,373 )   222         62     (2 )       (1,091 )   (216 )
   

Long-term debt(b)

    (344 )   (80 )       19     (2 )       (407 )   8
   

Total

  $ (2,974 ) $ 347   $   $ 86   $ (4 ) $   $ (2,545 ) $ (180 )
   


 

 

   
(in millions)
  Fair value
Beginning
of Period(a)

  Net
Realized and
Unrealized
Gains (Losses)
Included
in Income

  Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)

  Purchases,
Sales,
Issues and
Settlements, Net

  Gross
Transfers
In

  Gross
Transfers
Out

  Fair value
End
of Period

  Changes in
Unrealized Gains
(Losses) Included
in Income on
Instruments Held
at End of Period

 
   

March 31, 2012

                                                 

Assets:

                                                 

Bonds available for
sale:

                                                 

Obligations of states,
municipalities and
political
subdivisions

  $ 960   $ 1   $ 16   $ 100   $   $ (23 ) $ 1,054   $  

Non-U.S.
governments

    9         8     (2 )           15      

Corporate debt

    1,935     (16 )   76     (3 )   291     (960 )   1,323      

RMBS

    10,877     (70 )   793     1,326     348     (34 )   13,240      

CMBS

    3,955     (69 )   287     11     31     (42 )   4,173      

CDO/ABS

    4,220     14     177     70     438     (37 )   4,882    
   

Total bonds available for
sale

    21,956     (140 )   1,357     1,502     1,108     (1,096 )   24,687    
   

Bond trading securities:

                                                 

Corporate debt

    7             (2 )           5      

RMBS

    303     33         (19 )       (3 )   314     39  

CMBS

    554     33         (135 )   32     (51 )   433     85  

CDO/ABS

    8,432     1,621         (1,637 )           8,416     2,122
   

Total bond trading
securities

    9,296     1,687         (1,793 )   32     (54 )   9,168     2,246
   

Equity securities
available for sale:

                                                 

Common stock

    57     14     (12 )   (14 )   5         50      

Preferred stock

    99     2     8     8         (11 )   106    
   

Total equity securities
available for sale

    156     16     (4 )   (6 )   5     (11 )   156    
   

Equity securities trading

    1                         1      

Mortgage and other
loans receivable

                                 

Other invested assets

    6,618     (147 )   210     101     742     (338 )   7,186     (4 )
   

Total

  $ 38,027   $ 1,416   $ 1,563   $ (196 ) $ 1,887   $ (1,499 ) $ 41,198   $ 2,242
   

Liabilities:

                                                 

Policyholder contract
deposits

  $ (918 ) $ 139   $   $ (3 ) $   $   $ (782 ) $ (144 )

Derivative liabilities, net:

                                                 

Interest rate contracts

    785             (7 )           778     (23 )

Foreign exchange
contracts

    2             (2 )                

Equity contracts

    28     12         2     (2 )       40     10  

Commodity contracts

    2                         2      

Credit contracts

    (3,273 )   (143 )       711             (2,705 )   (525 )

Other contracts

    33     (410 )   9     412     (81 )       (37 )   24
   

Total derivatives liabilities,
net

    (2,423 )   (541 )   9     1,116     (83 )       (1,922 )   (514 )
   

Long-term debt(b)

    (508 )   (110 )   (77 )   114         6     (575 )   (104 )
   

Total

  $ (3,849 ) $ (512 ) $ (68 ) $ 1,227   $ (83 ) $ 6   $ (3,279 ) $ (762 )
   

(a)  Total Level 3 derivative exposures have been netted in these tables for presentation purposes only.

(b)  Includes guaranteed investment agreements (GIAs), notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

Net realized and unrealized gains and losses related to Level 3 items shown above are reported in the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Income as follows:

 

   
(in millions)
  Net
Investment
Income

  Net Realized
Capital
Gains (Losses)

  Other
Income

  Total
 
   

March 31, 2013

                         

Bonds available for sale

  $ 210   $ 7   $ 21   $ 238  

Bond trading securities

    33         285     318  

Equity securities

        9         9  

Other invested assets

    47     (7 )   21     61  

Policyholder contract deposits

        205         205  

Derivative liabilities, net

        22     200     222  

Other long-term debt

            (80 )   (80 )
   

March 31, 2012

                         

Bonds available for sale

  $ 231   $ (375 ) $ 4   $ (140 )

Bond trading securities

    1,549         138     1,687  

Equity securities

        16         16  

Other invested assets

    (14 )   (132 )   (1 )   (147 )

Policyholder contract deposits

        139         139  

Derivative liabilities, net

    (1 )   19     (559 )   (541 )

Other long-term debt

            (110 )   (110 )
   

The following tables present the gross components of purchases, sales, issues and settlements, net, shown above:

 

   
(in millions)
  Purchases
  Sales
  Settlements
  Purchases,
Sales, Issues and
Settlements, Net(a)

 
   

March 31, 2013

                         

Assets:

                         

Bonds available for sale:

                         

Obligations of states, municipalities and political
subdivisions

  $ 158   $ (22 ) $   $ 136  

Non-U.S. governments

    3         (1 )   2  

Corporate debt

    97         (75 )   22  

RMBS

    603     (231 )   (634 )   (262 )

CMBS

    373     (146 )   (302 )   (75 )

CDO/ABS

    798     (159 )       639
   

Total bonds available for sale

    2,032     (558 )   (1,012 )   462
   

Bond trading securities:

                         

RMBS

    105         (31 )   74  

CMBS

    19     (58 )   (60 )   (99 )

CDO/ABS

    188         (624 )   (436 )
   

Total bond trading securities

    312     (58 )   (715 )   (461 )
   

Equity securities

    1     (10 )   (1 )   (10 )

Other invested assets

    243     (30 )   (216 )   (3 )
   

Total assets

  $ 2,588   $ (656 ) $ (1,944 ) $ (12 )
   

Liabilities:

                         

Policyholder contract deposits

  $   $ (6 ) $ 11   $ 5  

Derivative liabilities, net

    3     (4 )   63     62  

Other long-term debt(b)

            19     19
   

Total liabilities

  $ 3   $ (10 ) $ 93   $ 86
   

March 31, 2012

                         

Assets:

                         

Bonds available for sale:

                         

Obligations of states, municipalities and political
subdivisions

  $ 108   $ (8 ) $   $ 100  

Non-U.S. governments

        (2 )       (2 )

Corporate debt

    61     (1 )   (63 )   (3 )

RMBS

    1,912     (94 )   (492 )   1,326  

CMBS

    126     (64 )   (51 )   11  

CDO/ABS

    317     (4 )   (243 )   70
   

Total bonds available for sale

    2,524     (173 )   (849 )   1,502
   

Bond trading securities:

                         

Corporate debt

            (2 )   (2 )

RMBS

            (19 )   (19 )

CMBS

    113     (57 )   (191 )   (135 )

CDO/ABS

        (310 )   (1,327 )   (1,637 )
   

Total bond trading securities

    113     (367 )   (1,539 )   (1,793 )
   

Equity securities

    11     (14 )   (3 )   (6 )

Other invested assets

    266     (4 )   (161 )   101
   

Total assets

  $ 2,914   $ (558 ) $ (2,552 ) $ (196 )
   

Liabilities:

                         

Policyholder contract deposits

  $   $ (6 ) $ 3   $ (3 )

Derivative liabilities, net

    2         1,114     1,116  

Other long-term debt(b)

            114     114
   

Total liabilities

  $ 2   $ (6 ) $ 1,231   $ 1,227
   

(a)  There were no issuances during the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012.

(b)  Includes GIAs, notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

Both observable and unobservable inputs may be used to determine the fair values of positions classified in Level 3 in the tables above. As a result, the unrealized gains (losses) on instruments held at March 31, 2013 and 2012 may include changes in fair value that were attributable to both observable (e.g., changes in market interest rates) and unobservable inputs (e.g., changes in unobservable long-dated volatilities).

Transfers of Level 3 Assets and Liabilities

 

We record transfers of assets and liabilities into or out of Level 3 at their fair values as of the end of each reporting period, consistent with the date of the determination of fair value. As a result, the Net realized and unrealized gains (losses) included in income or other comprehensive income and as shown in the table above excludes $72 million of net losses related to assets and liabilities transferred into Level 3 during the three month period ended March 31, 2013, and includes $2 million of net gains related to assets and liabilities transferred out of Level 3 during the three month period ended March 31, 2013.

Transfers of Level 3 Assets

During the three month period ended March 31, 2013, transfers into Level 3 assets included certain residential mortgage-backed securities (RMBS), commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS), collateralized debt obligation (CDO)/asset-backed securities (ABS), and investments in certain hedge funds.

The transfers of investments in certain RMBS, CMBS and CDO/ABS into Level 3 assets were due to decreases in market transparency and liquidity for certain individual security types.

Certain hedge fund investments were transferred into Level 3 as a result of limited market activity due to fund-imposed redemption restrictions.

Assets are transferred out of Level 3 when circumstances change such that significant inputs can be corroborated with market observable data. This may be due to a significant increase in market activity for the asset, a specific event, one or more significant input(s) becoming observable or a long-term interest rate significant to a valuation becoming short-term and thus observable. In addition, transfers out of Level 3 assets also occur when investments are no longer carried at fair value as the result of a change in the applicable accounting methodology, given changes in the nature and extent of our ownership interest.

During the three month period ended March 31, 2013, transfers out of Level 3 assets primarily related to certain investments in municipal securities, private placement corporate debt, CMBS, CDO/ABS and hedge funds.

Transfers of certain investments in municipal securities, CMBS and CDO/ABS out of Level 3 assets were based on consideration of market liquidity as well as related transparency of pricing and associated observable inputs for these investments.

Transfers of private placement corporate debt out of Level 3 assets were primarily the result of using observable pricing information that reflects the fair value of those securities without the need for adjustment based on our own assumptions regarding the characteristics of a specific security or the current liquidity in the market.

The removal of fund-imposed redemption restrictions resulted in the transfer of certain hedge fund investments out of Level 3 assets.

Transfers of Level 3 Liabilities

There were no significant transfers of derivative or other liabilities into or out of Level 3 for the three month period ended March 31, 2013.

We use various hedging techniques to manage risks associated with certain positions, including those classified within Level 3. Such techniques may include the purchase or sale of financial instruments that are classified within Level 1 and/or Level 2. As a result, the realized and unrealized gains (losses) for assets and liabilities classified within Level 3 presented in the table above do not reflect the related realized or unrealized gains (losses) on hedging instruments that are classified within Level 1 and/or Level 2.

 

Quantitative Information About Level 3 Fair Value Measurements

 

The table below presents information about the significant unobservable inputs used for recurring fair value measurements for certain Level 3 instruments, and includes only those instruments for which information about the inputs is reasonably available to us, such as data from pricing vendors and from internal valuation models. Because input information with respect to certain Level 3 instruments may not be reasonably available to us, balances shown below may not equal total amounts reported for such Level 3 assets and liabilities:

 

 
(in millions)
 

Fair Value at
March 31,
2013

  Valuation
Technique

  Unobservable Input(a)
  Range
(Weighted Average)(a)

 

Assets:

 
     
                  

 

 
     
                  

Corporate debt

 
$
796
Discounted cash flow   Yield(b)   2.81% – 9.59% (6.20%)

    

 
         
                              

RMBS

 
11,241
Discounted cash flow   Constant prepayment rate(c)   0.00% – 10.34% (4.84%)

    

 
     
       Loss severity(c)   41.70% – 79.63% (60.66%)

    

 
     
       Constant default rate(c)   4.04% – 13.20% (8.62%)

    

 
     
       Yield(c)   2.18% – 7.66% (4.92%)

    

 
     
                  

Certain CDO/ABS(d)

 
5,869
Discounted cash flow   Constant prepayment rate(c)   4.08% – 7.78% (5.93%)

    

 
     
       Loss severity(c)   56.61% – 67.23% (61.93%)

    

 
     
       Constant default rate(c)   6.42% – 14.10% (10.41%)

    

 
     
       Yield(c)   7.04% – 10.52% (8.78%)

    

 
     
                  

Commercial mortgage backed securities

 
3,948
Discounted cash flow   Yield(b)   0.00% – 17.12% (6.92%)

    

 
     
                  

CDO/ABS — Direct

 
     
Binomial Expansion   Recovery rate(b)   4% – 63% (27%)

Investment Book

 
997
Technique (BET)   Diversity score(b)   4 – 42 (14)

    

 
     
       Weighted average life(b)   1.28 – 9.76 years (4.99 years)
 

Liabilities:

 
     
                  

    

 
     
                  

Policyholder contract deposits — GMWB

 
1,047
Discounted cash flow   Equity implied volatility(b)   6.0% – 39.0%

    

 
     
       Base lapse rates(b)   1.00% – 40.0%

    

 
     
       Dynamic lapse rates(b)   0.2% – 60.0%

    

 
     
       Mortality rates(b)   0.5% – 40.0%

    

 
     
       Utilization rates(b)   0.5% – 25.0%

    

 
     
                  

Derivative Liabilities — Credit contracts

 
1,324
BET   Recovery rates(b)   4% – 36% (18%)

    

 
     
       Diversity score(b)   9 – 41 (13)

    

 
     
       Weighted average life(b)   5.05 – 9.72 years (5.93 years)
 

(a)     The unobservable inputs and ranges for the constant prepayment rate, loss severity and constant default rate relate to each of the individual underlying mortgage loans that comprise the entire portfolio of securities in the RMBS and CDO securitization vehicles and not necessarily to the securitization vehicle bonds (tranches) purchased by us. The ranges of these inputs do not directly correlate to changes in the fair values of the tranches purchased by us because there are other factors relevant to the specific tranches owned by us including, but not limited to, purchase price, position in the waterfall, senior versus subordinated position and attachment points.

(b)     Represents discount rates, estimates and assumptions that we believe would be used by market participants when valuing these assets and liabilities.

(c)     Information received from independent third-party valuation service providers.

(d)     Yield was the only input available for $297 million of total fair value at March 31, 2013.

The ranges of reported inputs for Corporate debt, RMBS, CDO/ABS, and CMBS valued using a discounted cash flow technique consist of plus/minus one standard deviation in either direction from the value-weighted average. The preceding table does not give effect to our risk management practices that might offset risks inherent in these investments.

Sensitivity to Changes in Unobservable Inputs

 

We consider unobservable inputs to be those for which market data is not available and that are developed using the best information available to us about the assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. Relevant inputs vary depending on the nature of the instrument being measured at fair value. The following is a general description of sensitivities of significant unobservable inputs along with interrelationships between and among the significant unobservable inputs and their impact on the fair value measurements. The effect of a change in a particular assumption in the sensitivity analysis below is considered independently of changes in any other assumptions. In practice, simultaneous changes in assumptions may not always have a linear effect on the inputs. Interrelationships may also exist between observable and unobservable inputs. Such relationships have not been included in the discussion below. For each of the individual relationships described below, the inverse relationship would also generally apply.

 

Corporate Debt

 

Corporate debt securities included in Level 3 are primarily private placement issuances that are not traded in active markets or that are subject to transfer restrictions. Fair value measurements consider illiquidity and non-transferability. When observable price quotations are not available, fair value is determined based on discounted cash flow models using discount rates based on credit spreads, yields or price levels of publicly-traded debt of the issuer or other comparable securities, considering illiquidity and structure. The significant unobservable input used in the fair value measurement of corporate debt is the yield. The yield is affected by the market movements in credit spreads and U.S. Treasury yields. In addition, the migration in credit quality of a given security generally has a corresponding effect on the fair value measurement of the securities. For example, a downward migration of credit quality would increase spreads. Holding U.S. Treasury rates constant, an increase in corporate credit spreads would decrease the fair value of corporate debt.

 

RMBS and Certain CDO/ABS

 

The significant unobservable inputs used in fair value measurements of RMBS and certain CDO/ABS valued by third-party valuation service providers are constant prepayment rates (CPR), constant default rates (CDR), loss severity, and yield. A change in the assumptions used for the probability of default will generally be accompanied by a corresponding change in the assumption used for the loss severity and an inverse change in the assumption used for prepayment rates. In general, increases in yield, CPR, CDR, and loss severity, in isolation, would result in a decrease in the fair value measurement. Changes in fair value based on variations in assumptions generally cannot be extrapolated because the relationship between the directional change of each input is not usually linear.

 

CMBS

 

The significant unobservable input used in fair value measurements for CMBS is the yield. Prepayment assumptions for each mortgage pool are factored into the yield. CMBS generally feature a lower degree of prepayment risk than RMBS because commercial mortgages generally contain a penalty for prepayment. In general, increases in the yield would decrease the fair value of CMBS.

 

CDO/ABS — Direct Investment book

 

The significant unobservable inputs used for certain CDO/ABS securities valued using the BET are recovery rates, diversity score, and the weighted average life of the portfolio. An increase in recovery rates and diversity score will have a directionally similar corresponding impact on the fair value of the portfolio. An increase in the weighted average life will decrease the fair value.

 

Policyholder contract deposits

 

The significant unobservable inputs used for embedded derivatives in policyholder contract deposits measured at fair value, mainly guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits (GMWB) for variable annuity products, are equity volatility, mortality rates, lapse rates and utilization rates. Mortality, lapse and utilization rates may vary significantly depending upon age groups and duration. In general, increases in volatility and utilization rates will increase the fair value of the liability associated with GMWB, while increases in lapse rates and mortality rates will decrease the fair value of the liability.

 

Derivative liabilities — credit contracts

 

The significant unobservable inputs used for Derivatives liabilities — credit contracts are recovery rates, diversity scores, and the weighted average life of the portfolio. Our non-performance risk is also considered in the measurement of those liabilities. See Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2012 Annual Report for a discussion of our accounting policies and procedures regarding incorporation of our credit risk in fair value measurements.

An increase in recovery rates and diversity score will decrease the fair value of the liability. An increase in the weighted average life will have a directionally similar corresponding effect on the fair value measurement of the liability.

 

Investments in Certain Entities Carried at Fair Value Using Net Asset Value Per Share

 

The following table includes information related to our investments in certain other invested assets, including private equity funds, hedge funds and other alternative investments that calculate net asset value per share (or its equivalent). For these investments, which are measured at fair value on a recurring basis, we use the net asset value per share as a practical expedient to measure fair value.

 

     
   
   
  March 31, 2013   December 31, 2012  
  (in millions)
  Investment Category Includes
 

Fair Value
Using Net
Asset Value
Per Share (or
its equivalent)

 

Unfunded
Commitments

  Fair Value
Using Net
Asset Value
Per Share (or
its equivalent)

  Unfunded
Commitments

 
     
 

Investment Category

        
     
     
                 
 

Private equity funds:

        
     
     
                 
 

Leveraged buyout

  Debt and/or equity investments made as part  
$
2,487
$
646
$ 2,529   $ 669  
 

    

  of a transaction in which assets of mature  
     
     
                 
 

    

  companies are acquired from the current  
     
     
                 
 

    

  shareholders, typically with the use of  
     
     
                 
 

    

  financial leverage  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Real Estate /

  Investments in real estate properties and  
263
51
  251     52  
 

Infrastructure

  infrastructure positions, including power plants  
     
     
                 
 

    

  and other energy generating facilities  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Venture capital

  Early-stage, high-potential, growth companies  
150
16
  157     16  
 

    

  expected to generate a return through an  
     
     
                 
 

    

  eventual realization event, such as an initial  
     
     
                 
 

    

  public offering or sale of the company  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Distressed

  Securities of companies that are already in  
185
39
  184     36  
 

    

  default, under bankruptcy protection, or  
     
     
                 
 

    

  troubled  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Other

  Includes multi-strategy and mezzanine  
123
184
  112     100  
 

    

  strategies  
     
     
               
   
 

Total private equity

        
3,208
936
  3,233     873  
 

funds

        
     
     
               
   
 

Hedge funds:

        
     
     
                 
 

Event-driven

  Securities of companies undergoing material  
899
2
  788     2  
 

    

  structural changes, including mergers,  
     
     
                 
 

    

  acquisitions and other reorganizations  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Long-short

  Securities that the manager believes are  
1,405
  1,318      
 

    

  undervalued, with corresponding short  
     
     
                 
 

    

  positions to hedge market risk  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Macro

  Investments that take long and short  
470
  320      
 

 

  positions in financial instruments based on  
     
     
                 
 

    

  a top-down view of certain economic and  
     
     
                 
 

    

  capital market conditions  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Distressed

  Securities of companies that are already in  
342
  316      
 

    

  default, under bankruptcy protection or  
     
     
                 
 

    

  troubled  
     
     
                 
 

    

        
     
     
              
 

Other

  Includes multi-strategy and relative value  
55
  66      
 

 

  strategies  
     
     
               
   
 

Total hedge funds

        
3,171
2
  2,808     2
   
 

Total

        
$
6,379
$
938
$ 6,041   $ 875
   

Private equity fund investments included above are not redeemable, as distributions from the funds will be received when underlying investments of the funds are liquidated. Private equity funds are generally expected to have 10-year lives at their inception, but these lives may be extended at the fund manager's discretion, typically in one or two-year increments. At March 31, 2013, assuming average original expected lives of 10 years for the funds, 63 percent of the total fair value using net asset value or its equivalent above would have expected remaining lives of less than three years, 35 percent between three and seven years and 2 percent between seven and 10 years.

At March 31, 2013, hedge fund investments included above are redeemable monthly (15 percent), quarterly (37 percent), semi-annually (26 percent) and annually (22 percent), with redemption notices ranging from one day to 180 days. More than 65 percent of these hedge fund investments require redemption notices of less than 90 days. Investments representing approximately 77 percent of the value of the hedge fund investments cannot be redeemed, either in whole or in part, because the investments include various restrictions. The majority of these restrictions have pre-defined end dates and are generally expected to be lifted by the end of 2015. The restrictions that do not have stated end dates were primarily put in place prior to 2009. The partial restrictions relate to certain hedge funds that hold at least one investment that the fund manager deems to be illiquid.

 

Fair Value Option

 

The following table presents the gains or losses recorded related to the eligible instruments for which AIG elected the fair value option:

 

   
 
  Gain (Loss)  
Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)
 
 

2013

  2012
 
   

Assets:

 
    
     

Mortgage and other loans receivable

 
$
1
$ 22  

Bonds and equity securities

 
376
  644  

Trading — ML II interest

 
  246  

Trading — ML III interest

 
  1,252  

Retained interest in AIA

 
  1,795  

Alternative Investments(a)

 
84
  2  

Other, including Short-term investments

 
3
  2
   

Liabilities:

 
    
     

Long-term debt(b)

 
9
  (446 )

Other liabilities

 
(4
)
  (48 )
   

Total gain (loss)(c)

 
$
469
$ 3,469
   

(a)     Includes hedge funds, private equity funds, affordable housing partnerships and other investment partnerships.

(b)     Includes GIAs, notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

(c)     Excludes discontinued operation gains or losses on instruments that were required to be carried at fair value. For instruments required to be carried at fair value, AIG recognized losses of $1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2013, and gains of $0.6 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2012, that were primarily due to changes in the fair value of derivatives, trading securities and certain other invested assets.

See Notes 6 and 7 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2012 Annual Report for additional information about AIG's policies for electing the fair value option and for recognizing, measuring, and disclosing interest and dividend income and interest expense.

During the three month periods ended March 31, 2013 and 2012, we recognized losses of $34 million and $558 million, respectively, attributable to the observable effect of changes in credit spreads on our own liabilities for which the fair value option was elected. We calculate the effect of these credit spread changes using discounted cash flow techniques that incorporate current market interest rates, our observable credit spreads on these liabilities and other factors that mitigate the risk of nonperformance such as cash collateral posted.

The following table presents the difference between fair values and the aggregate contractual principal amounts of mortgage and other loans receivable and long-term borrowings for which the fair value option was elected:

 

   
 
  March 31, 2013   December 31, 2012  
(in millions)
 

Fair Value

 

Outstanding
Principal Amount

 

Difference

  Fair Value
  Outstanding
Principal Amount

  Difference
 
   

Assets:

 
     
     
     
                          

Mortgage and other loans receivable

 
$
58
$
58
$
$ 134   $ 141   $ (7 )

Liabilities:

 
     
     
     
                          

Long-term debt*

 
$
7,663
$
5,727
$
1,936
$ 8,055   $ 5,705   $ 2,350
   

*         Includes GIAs, notes, bonds, loans and mortgages payable.

There were no mortgage or other loans receivable for which the fair value option was elected that were 90 days or more past due or in non-accrual status at March 31, 2013 and December 31, 2012.

 

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS ON A NON-RECURRING BASIS

 

The following table presents assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis at the time of impairment and the related impairment charges recorded during the periods presented:

 

   
 
  Assets at Fair Value   Impairment
Charges
 
 
  Non-Recurring Basis   March 31,  
(in millions)
  Level 1
  Level 2
  Level 3
  Total
  2013
  2012
 
   

March 31, 2013

                                     

Alternative investments

  $   $   $ 1,843   $ 1,843   $ 79   $ 93  

Other assets

        8     7     15     13     8
   

Total

  $   $ 8   $ 1,850   $ 1,858   $ 92   $ 101
   

December 31, 2012

                                     

Alternative investments

  $   $   $ 2,062   $ 2,062              

Other assets

        3     18     21            
   

Total

  $   $ 3   $ 2,080   $ 2,083            
   

 

FAIR VALUE INFORMATION ABOUT FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS NOT MEASURED AT FAIR VALUE

 

The following table presents the carrying value and estimated fair value of our financial instruments not measured at fair value and indicates the level in the fair value hierarchy of the estimated fair value measurement based on the observability of the inputs used:

 

   
 
  Estimated Fair Value    
 
 
  Carrying
Value

 
(in millions)
  Level 1
  Level 2
  Level 3
  Total
 
   

March 31, 2013

                               

Assets:

                               

Mortgage and other loans receivable

  $   $ 572   $ 20,147   $ 20,719   $ 19,430  

Other invested assets

        57     3,746     3,803     4,927  

Short-term investments

        16,924         16,924     16,924  

Cash

    1,227             1,227     1,227  

Liabilities:

                               

Policyholder contract deposits associated with investment-type contracts

        233     122,844     123,077     105,680  

Other liabilities

        4,239     1,626     5,865     5,866  

Long-term debt

        40,991     1,957     42,948     37,603
   

December 31, 2012

                               

Assets:

                               

Mortgage and other loans receivable

  $   $ 823   $ 19,396   $ 20,219   $ 19,348  

Other invested assets

        237     3,521     3,758     4,932  

Short-term investments

        20,752         20,752     20,752  

Cash

    1,151               1,151     1,151  

Liabilities:

                               

Policyholder contract deposits associated

                               

with investment-type contracts

        245     123,860     124,105     105,979  

Other liabilities

        3,981     818     4,799     4,800  

Long-term debt

        43,966     1,925     45,891     40,445