Reinsurance

3 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2025

8. Reinsurance

FORTITUDE RE

Fortitude Re is the reinsurer of the majority of AIG’s run-off operations. The reinsurance transactions are structured as modco and loss portfolio transfer arrangements with funds withheld (funds withheld). In modco and funds withheld arrangements, the investments supporting the reinsurance agreements, and which reflect the majority of the consideration that would be paid to the reinsurer for entering into the transaction, are withheld by, and therefore continue to reside on the balance sheet of, the ceding company (i.e., AIG) thereby creating an obligation for the ceding company to pay the reinsurer (i.e., Fortitude Re) at a later date. Additionally, as AIG maintains ownership of these investments, AIG will maintain its existing accounting for these assets (e.g., the changes in fair value of available for sale securities will be recognized within OCI). AIG has established a funds withheld payable to Fortitude Re while simultaneously establishing a reinsurance asset representing reserves for the insurance coverage that Fortitude Re has assumed. The funds withheld payable contains an embedded derivative and changes in fair value of the embedded derivative related to the

funds withheld payable are recognized in earnings through Net realized gains (losses). This embedded derivative is considered a total return swap with contractual returns that are attributable to various assets and liabilities associated with these reinsurance agreements.

As of March 31, 2025, $3.3 billion of reserves related to business written by multiple wholly-owned AIG subsidiaries had been ceded to Fortitude Re under these reinsurance transactions.

There is a diverse pool of assets supporting the funds withheld arrangements with Fortitude Re. The following summarizes the composition of the pool of assets:


	March 31, 2025				December 31, 2024
(in millions)	Carrying Value			Fair Value	Carrying Value			Fair Value	Corresponding Accounting Policy
Fixed maturity securities - available for sale(a)	$	1,918	$	1,918	$	1,918	$	1,918	Fair value through other comprehensive income (loss)
Fixed maturity securities - fair value option		729		729		721		721	Fair value through net investment income
Commercial mortgage loans		477		465		450		437	Amortized cost
Short-term investments		22		22		15		15	Fair value through net investment income
Funds withheld investment assets		3,146		3,134		3,104		3,091
Derivative assets, net(b)		—		—		1		1	Fair value through net realized gains (losses)
Other(c)		81		81		115		115	Amortized cost
Total	$	3,227	$	3,215	$	3,220	$	3,207

(a)The change in the net unrealized gains (losses) on available for sale securities related to the Fortitude Re funds withheld assets was $(2) million ($(2) million after-tax) and $(35) million ($(28) million after-tax), respectively for the three months ended March 31, 2025 and for the year ended December 31, 2024.

(b)The derivative assets and liabilities have been presented net of cash collateral. The derivative assets and liabilities supporting the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangements had a fair market value of $1 million and $33 million, respectively, as of March 31, 2025. The derivative assets and liabilities supporting the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangements had a fair market value of $9 million and $2 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2024. These derivative assets and liabilities are fully collateralized either by cash or securities.

(c)Primarily comprised of Cash and Accrued investment income.

The impact of the funds withheld arrangements with Fortitude Re was as follows:


Three Months Ended March 31,
(in millions)		2025		2024

Net investment income - Fortitude Re funds withheld assets	$	40	$	39
Net realized losses on Fortitude Re funds withheld assets:
Net realized losses - Fortitude Re funds withheld assets		(2)		(19)
Net realized losses - Fortitude Re funds withheld embedded derivative		(41)		(9)
Net realized losses on Fortitude Re funds withheld assets		(43)		(28)
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income tax expense (benefit)		(3)		11
Income tax expense (benefit)(a)		(1)		2
Net income (loss)		(2)		9
Change in unrealized depreciation on available for sale securities(a)		(2)		(8)
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	(4)	$	1

(a)The income tax expense (benefit) and the tax impact in Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI) was computed using AIG’s U.S. statutory tax rate of 21 percent.

Various assets supporting the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangements are reported at amortized cost, and as such, changes in the fair value of these assets are not reflected in the financial statements. However, changes in the fair value of these assets are included in the embedded derivative in the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangement and the appreciation (depreciation) of the asset is the primary driver of the comprehensive income (loss) reflected above.

REINSURANCE – CREDIT LOSSES

The estimation of reinsurance recoverables involves a significant amount of judgment, particularly for latent exposures, such as asbestos, due to their long-tail nature. We assess the collectability of reinsurance recoverable balances in each reporting period, through either historical trends of disputes and credit events or financial analysis of the credit quality of the reinsurer. We record adjustments to reflect the results of these assessments through an allowance for credit losses and disputes on uncollectible reinsurance that reduces the carrying amount of reinsurance and deposit accounting assets on the consolidated balance sheets (collectively, reinsurance recoverables). This estimate requires significant judgment for which key considerations include:

•paid and unpaid amounts recoverable;

•whether the balance is in dispute or subject to legal collection;

•the relative financial health of the reinsurer as classified by the Obligor Risk Ratings (ORRs) we assign to each reinsurer based upon our financial reviews; reinsurers that are financially troubled (i.e., in run-off, have voluntarily or involuntarily been placed in receivership, are insolvent, are in the process of liquidation or otherwise subject to formal or informal regulatory restriction) are assigned ORRs that will generate a significant allowance; and

•whether collateral and collateral arrangements exist.

An estimate of the reinsurance recoverable's lifetime expected credit losses is established utilizing a probability of default and loss given default method, which reflects the reinsurer’s ORR. The allowance for credit losses excludes disputed amounts. An allowance for disputes is established for a reinsurance recoverable using the losses incurred model for contingencies.

The total reinsurance recoverables as of March 31, 2025 were $41.5 billion. As of that date, utilizing AIG’s ORRs, (i) approximately 84 percent of the reinsurance recoverables were investment grade; (ii) approximately 14 percent of the reinsurance recoverables were non-investment grade and (iii) approximately 2 percent of the reinsurance recoverables related to entities that were not rated by AIG.

The total reinsurance recoverables as of December 31, 2024 were $40.5 billion. As of that date, utilizing AIG’s ORRs, (i) approximately 83 percent of the reinsurance recoverables were investment grade; (ii) approximately 15 percent of the reinsurance recoverables were non-investment grade; (iii) approximately 2 percent of the reinsurance recoverables related to entities that were not rated by AIG.

As of March 31, 2025 and December 31, 2024, approximately 80 percent and 81 percent, respectively, of our non-investment grade reinsurance exposure related to captive insurers. These arrangements are typically collateralized by letters of credit, funds withheld or trust agreements.

Reinsurance Recoverable Allowance

The following table presents a rollforward of the reinsurance recoverable allowance:


Three Months Ended March 31,

(in millions)		2025		2024
Balance, beginning of period	$	269	$	255
Addition to (release of) allowance for expected credit losses and disputes, net		3		1
Write-offs charged against the allowance for credit losses and disputes		—		(1)

Other changes		7		—


Balance, end of period	$	279	$	255

Past-Due Status

We consider a reinsurance asset to be past due when it is 90 days past due. The allowance for credit losses is estimated excluding disputed amounts. An allowance for disputes is established using the losses incurred method for contingencies. Past due balances on claims that are not in dispute were not material for any of the periods presented.