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Lending Activities
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Lending Activities 7. Lending Activities
The following table presents the composition of Mortgage and other loans receivable, net:
(in millions)June 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Commercial mortgages(a)
$37,926 $37,128 
Residential mortgages7,708 6,130 
Life insurance policy loans1,762 1,758 
Commercial loans, other loans and notes receivable(b)
5,015 5,305 
Total mortgage and other loans receivable(c)
52,411 50,321 
Allowance for credit losses(c)(d)
(806)(716)
Mortgage and other loans receivable, net(c)
$51,605 $49,605 
(a)Commercial mortgages primarily represent loans for apartments, offices and retail properties, with exposures in New York and California representing the largest geographic concentrations (aggregating approximately 18 percent and 11 percent, respectively, at June 30, 2023 and 19 percent and 11 percent, respectively, at December 31, 2022).
(b)Includes loans held for sale which are carried at lower of cost or market and are collateralized primarily by apartments. As of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the net carrying value of these loans were $186 million and $170 million, respectively.
(c)Excludes $37.6 billion at both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 of loan receivable from AIGFP, which has a full allowance for credit losses, recognized upon the deconsolidation of AIGFP. For additional information, see Note 1.
(d)Does not include allowance for credit losses of $87 million and $69 million, respectively, at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, in relation to off-balance-sheet commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans, which is recorded in Other liabilities.
Interest income is not accrued when payment of contractual principal and interest is not expected. Any cash received on impaired loans is generally recorded as a reduction of the current carrying amount of the loan. Accrual of interest income is generally resumed when delinquent contractual principal and interest is repaid or when a portion of the delinquent contractual payments are made and the ongoing required contractual payments have been made for an appropriate period. As of June 30, 2023, $6 million and $708 million of residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively, are placed on nonaccrual status. As of December 31, 2022, $5 million and $703 million of residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively, are placed on nonaccrual status.
Accrued interest is presented separately and is included in Accrued investment income on the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of June 30, 2023, accrued interest receivable was $20 million and $171 million associated with residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively. As of December 31, 2022, accrued interest receivable was $15 million and $147 million associated with residential mortgage loans and commercial mortgage loans, respectively.
A significant majority of commercial mortgages in the portfolio are non-recourse loans and, accordingly, the only guarantees are for specific items that are exceptions to the non-recourse provisions. It is therefore extremely rare for us to have cause to enforce the provisions of a guarantee on a commercial real estate or mortgage loan.
Nonperforming loans are generally those loans where payment of contractual principal or interest is more than 90 days past due. Nonperforming loans were not significant for any of the periods presented.
CREDIT QUALITY OF COMMERCIAL MORTGAGES
The following table presents debt service coverage ratios(a) for commercial mortgages by year of vintage:
June 30, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
>1.2X$1,363 $5,558 $2,531 $1,263 $5,190 $14,809 $30,714 
1.00 - 1.20X54 1,138 1,152 912 230 1,771 5,257 
<1.00X67 50  23  1,815 1,955 
Total commercial mortgages$1,484 $6,746 $3,683 $2,198 $5,420 $18,395 $37,926 
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
(in millions)
>1.2X$5,518 $2,457 $1,710 $4,985 $4,120 $11,663 $30,453 
1.00 - 1.20X910 898 473 416 567 1,353 4,617 
<1.00X45 — 23 52 744 1,194 2,058 
Total commercial mortgages$6,473 $3,355 $2,206 $5,453 $5,431 $14,210 $37,128 
The following table presents loan-to-value ratios(b) for commercial mortgages by year of vintage:
June 30, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
Less than 65%$1,048 $5,172 $2,744 $1,956 $3,948 $13,155 $28,023 
65% to 75%348 1,210 650 76 1,422 2,852 6,558 
76% to 80% 364 52   469 885 
Greater than 80%88  237 166 50 1,919 2,460 
Total commercial mortgages$1,484 $6,746 $3,683 $2,198 $5,420 $18,395 $37,926 
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
(in millions)
Less than 65%$5,425 $2,548 $1,775 $3,958 $3,016 $10,739 $27,461 
65% to 75%998 517 405 1,445 1,487 1,393 6,245 
76% to 80%50 52 — — 168 229 499 
Greater than 80%— 238 26 50 760 1,849 2,923 
Total commercial mortgages$6,473 $3,355 $2,206 $5,453 $5,431 $14,210 $37,128 
(a)The debt service coverage ratio compares a property’s net operating income to its debt service payments, including principal and interest. Our weighted average debt service coverage ratio was 1.9x at both periods ended on June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022. The debt service coverage ratios are updated when additional relevant information becomes available.
(b)The loan-to-value ratio compares the current unpaid principal balance of the loan to the estimated fair value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan. Our weighted average loan-to-value ratio was 58 percent at June 30, 2023 and 59 percent at December 31, 2022. The loan-to-value ratios have been updated within the last three months to reflect the current carrying values of the loans. We update the valuations of collateral properties by obtaining independent appraisals, generally at least once per year.
The following table presents supplementary credit quality information related to commercial mortgages:
Number
of
Loans
ClassPercent
of
Total
(dollars in millions)ApartmentsOfficesRetailIndustrialHotelOthersTotal
June 30, 2023
Past Due Status:
In good standing618$15,282 $9,766 $4,000 $6,180 $2,062 $437 $37,727 99 %
90 days or less delinquent        
>90 days delinquent or in process of foreclosure(a)
4 157 42    199 1 
Total(b)
622$15,282 $9,923 $4,042 $6,180 $2,062 $437 $37,926 100 %
Allowance for credit losses$98 $431 $94 $76 $29 $9 $737 2 %
December 31, 2022
Past Due Status:
In good standing625$14,597 $10,102 $3,774 $6,006 $2,027 $407 $36,913 99 %
90 days or less delinquent— — — — — — — — 
>90 days delinquent or in process of foreclosure(a)
4— 173 42 — — — 215 
Total(b)
629$14,597 $10,275 $3,816 $6,006 $2,027 $407 $37,128 100 %
Allowance for credit losses$100 $351 $81 $71 $29 $$640 %
(a)Includes $157 million and $156 million of Office loans supporting the Fortitude Re funds withheld arrangements, greater than 90 days delinquent or in process of foreclosure, at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively.
(b)Does not reflect allowance for credit losses.
The following table presents credit quality performance indicators for residential mortgages by year of vintage:
June 30, 202320232022202120202019PriorTotal
(in millions)
FICO*:
780 and greater$285 $553 $2,317 $640 $241 $628 $4,664 
720 - 779664 582 540 169 80 235 2,270 
660 - 719170 250 88 38 26 106 678 
600 - 6592 21 7 7 6 40 83 
Less than 600  1 1 2 9 13 
Total residential mortgages$1,121 $1,406 $2,953 $855 $355 $1,018 $7,708 
December 31, 202220222021202020192018PriorTotal
(in millions)
FICO*:
780 and greater$296 $2,204 $654 $232 $77 $567 $4,030 
720 - 779536 728 168 76 32 169 1,709 
660 - 719163 80 28 16 62 358 
600 - 65914 26 
Less than 600— — — — 
Total residential mortgages$997 $3,016 $852 $327 $120 $818 $6,130 
*Fair Isaac Corporation (FICO) is the credit quality indicator used to evaluate consumer credit risk for residential mortgage loan borrowers and have been updated within the last twelve months.
METHODOLOGY USED TO ESTIMATE THE ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES
For a discussion of our accounting policy for evaluating Mortgage and other loans receivable for impairment, see Note 6 to the Consolidated Financial Statements in the 2022 Annual Report.
The following table presents a rollforward of the changes in the allowance for credit losses on Mortgage and other loans receivable(a):
Three Months Ended June 30,
2023(b)
2022
(in millions)Commercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
TotalCommercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
Total
Allowance, beginning of period$706 $80 $786 $533 $84 $617 
Loans charged off(6) (6)— — — 
Net charge-offs(6) (6)— — — 
Addition to (release of) allowance for loan losses37 (11)26 (8)(6)(14)
Reclassified to held for sale
   — — — 
Allowance, end of period$737 $69 $806 $525 $78 $603 
Six Months Ended June 30,
2023(b)
2022
(in millions)Commercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
TotalCommercial
Mortgages
Other
Loans
Total
Allowance, beginning of year$640 $76 $716 $545 $84 $629 
Loans charged off(6) (6)(4)— (4)
Net charge-offs(6) (6)(4)— (4)
Addition to (release of) allowance for loan losses103 (7)96 (16)(6)(22)
Reclassified to held for sale
   — — — 
Allowance, end of period
$737 $69 $806 $525 $78 $603 
(a)Does not include allowance for credit losses of $87 million and $89 million, respectively, at June 30, 2023 and 2022 in relation to off-balance-sheet commitments to fund commercial mortgage loans, which is recorded in Other liabilities.
(b)Excludes $37.6 billion at both June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, of loan receivable from AIGFP, which has a full allowance for credit losses, recognized upon the deconsolidation of AIGFP. For additional information, see Note 1.
Our expectations and models used to estimate the allowance for losses on commercial and residential mortgage loans are regularly updated to reflect the current economic environment.
LOAN MODIFICATIONS
The allowance for credit losses incorporates an estimate of lifetime expected credit losses and is recorded on each asset upon asset origination or acquisition. The starting point for the estimate of the allowance for credit losses is historical loss information, which includes losses from modifications of receivables to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty. We use a probability of default/loss given default model to determine the allowance for credit losses for our commercial and residential mortgage loans. An assessment of whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty is made on the date of a modification.
Because the effect of most modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty is already included in the allowance for credit losses utilizing the measurement methodologies used to estimate the allowance, a change to the allowance for credit losses is generally not recorded upon modification.
When modifications are executed, they often will be in the form of principal forgiveness, term extensions, interest rate reductions, or some combination of any of these concessions. When principal is forgiven, the amortized cost basis of the asset is written off against the allowance for credit losses. The amount of the principal forgiveness is deemed to be uncollectible; therefore, that portion of the loan is written off, resulting in a reduction of the amortized cost basis and a corresponding adjustment to the allowance for credit losses.
We assess whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty based on a variety of factors, including the borrower’s current default on any of its outstanding debt, the probability of a default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification, the insufficiency of the borrower’s forecasted cash flows to service any of its outstanding debt (including both principal and interest), and the borrower’s inability to access alternative third party financing at an interest rate that would be reflective of current market conditions for a non-troubled debtor.
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, AIG did not modify any loans to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty.
There were no loans that had defaulted during the six months ended June 30, 2023, that had been previously modified with borrowers experiencing financial difficulties.
Prior to January 1, 2023, we were required to assess loan modifications to determine if they were a troubled debt restructuring. A troubled debt restructuring was a modification of a loan with a borrower that was experiencing financial difficulty and the modification involved us granting a concession to the troubled borrower. Concessions previously granted included extended maturity dates, interest rate changes, principal or interest forgiveness, payment deferrals and easing of loan covenants.
During the six months ended June 30, 2022, loans with a carrying value of $115 million were modified as troubled debt restructurings. Effective January 1, 2023, we are no longer required to assess whether loan modifications are troubled debt restructurings.