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Employee Benefits
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2025
Defined Benefit Plans and Other Postretirement Benefit Plans Disclosures [Abstract]  
Employee Benefits Employee Benefits
We have a defined benefit pension plan that covers certain U.S. employees (the “Domestic Pension Plan”). We also have numerous funded and unfunded plans outside the U.S. The Interpublic Limited Pension Plan in the U.K. (the "U.K. Pension Plan") is a defined benefit plan and is our most material foreign pension plan in terms of the benefit obligation and plan assets. Some of our domestic and foreign subsidiaries provide postretirement health benefits and life insurance to eligible employees and, in certain cases, their dependents. The domestic postretirement benefit plan is our most material postretirement benefit plan in terms of the benefit obligation. Certain immaterial foreign pension and postretirement benefit plans have been excluded from the table below.
In December 2023, the U.K. Pension Plan entered into an agreement with an insurance company to purchase a group annuity, or "buy-in", that matches the plan's future projected benefit obligations to covered participants. As part of the annuity purchase contract, the U.K. Pension Plan has the option to complete a "buy-out", which would transfer all liabilities of the plan to the insurer, which the Company anticipates to be completed in 2026. The non-cash settlement charge, net of tax, associated with the transaction is currently estimated to be approximately $180.0 to $200.0 and is subject to finalization of terms and changes in the British Pound Sterling.
In June 2025, participants of our Domestic Pension Plan were provided the option to request lump sum distributions, which resulted in a partial settlement of the plan. The lump sum election window ended August 4, 2025. A non-cash settlement charge, net of tax, of $6.5 was incurred in the third quarter of 2025. The Company also expects to make an incremental contribution to the plan in the fourth quarter of 2025 of approximately $16.0.
The components of net periodic cost for the Domestic Pension Plan, the significant foreign pension plans and the domestic postretirement benefit plan are listed below.
 Domestic Pension PlanForeign Pension PlansDomestic Postretirement Benefit Plan
Three Months Ended September 30,202520242025202420252024
Service cost$0.0 $0.0 $0.8 $0.8 $0.0 $0.0 
Interest cost0.9 1.0 4.2 3.8 0.2 0.2 
Expected return on plan assets(0.7)(0.7)(4.4)(3.8)0.0 0.0 
Settlements8.7 0.0 (0.2)(0.1)0.0 0.0 
Amortization of:
Prior service cost0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 
Unrecognized actuarial losses0.5 0.3 1.7 1.5 0.1 0.0 
Net periodic cost$9.4 $0.6 $2.1 $2.3 $0.3 $0.2 
Domestic Pension PlanForeign Pension PlansDomestic Postretirement Benefit Plan
Nine Months Ended September 30,202520242025202420252024
Service cost$0.0 $0.0 $2.5 $2.5 $0.0 $0.0 
Interest cost2.6 2.8 12.2 11.1 0.6 0.6 
Expected return on plan assets(2.0)(2.1)(12.9)(11.1)0.0 0.0 
Settlements8.7 0.0 (0.2)(0.2)0.0 0.0 
Amortization of:
Prior service cost0.0 0.0 0.0 0.1 0.0 0.0 
Unrecognized actuarial losses1.5 1.1 5.1 4.4 0.2 0.0 
Net periodic cost$10.8 $1.8 $6.7 $6.8 $0.8 $0.6 
The components of net periodic cost other than the service cost component are included in the line item “Other expense, net” in the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
During the nine months ended September 30, 2025, we contributed $0.0 and $7.4 of cash to our domestic and foreign pension plans, respectively. For the remainder of 2025, we expect to contribute approximately $16.0 and $2.0 of cash to our domestic and foreign pension plans, respectively.