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Segment Information (Notes)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Information Segment Information
IPG's agency brands are grouped into reportable segments based on the agencies' primary capabilities. As of December 31, 2024, we have three reportable segments: MD&E, IA&C and SC&E. We also report results for the "Corporate and other" group.
The MD&E segment provides, and is distinguished by innovative capabilities and scale in, global media and communications services, digital services and products, advertising and marketing technology, e‐commerce services, data management and analytics, strategic consulting, and digital brand experience. MD&E is comprised of IPG Mediabrands, UM, Initiative, KINESSO, Acxiom and MRM.
The IA&C segment provides advertising, corporate and brand identity services, and strategic consulting. IA&C is distinguished by the leading role of complex integrations of ideation and the execution of advertising and creative campaigns across all communications channels that are foundational to client brand identities. IA&C is comprised of leading global networks and agencies that provide a broad range of services, including McCann Worldgroup, IPG Health, MullenLowe Group, Foote, Cone & Belding ("FCB"), and our domestic integrated agencies.
The SC&E segment provides best-in-class global public relations and other specialized communications services, events, sports and entertainment marketing, and strategic consulting. SC&E is comprised of agencies that provide a range of marketing services expertise, including Weber Shandwick, Golin, our sports, entertainment, and experiential agencies and IPG DXTRA Health.
The Company's chief operating decision maker ("CODM") is the chief executive officer. The CODM evaluates each segments' operating performance based on segment EBITA, which is calculated as net income available to IPG common stockholders before provision for income taxes, total (expenses) and other income, equity in net income of unconsolidated affiliates, net income attributable to non-controlling interests, amortization of acquired intangibles and impairment of goodwill. Segment EBITA includes an allocation of a portion of centrally managed expenses described below. For all segments, the CODM uses segment EBITA in the annual budgeting and quarterly forecasting process and considers budget-to-actual and current period to prior period variances to evaluate performance and make decisions regarding resource allocation for each segment.
All segments follow the same accounting policies as those described in Note 1.
Corporate and other is primarily comprised of selling, general and administrative expenses. Selling, general and administrative expenses includes corporate office expenses as well as shared service center and certain other centrally managed expenses that are not fully allocated to operating divisions; salaries, long-term incentives, annual bonuses and other miscellaneous benefits for corporate office employees; professional fees related to internal control compliance, financial statement audits and legal, information technology and other consulting services that are engaged and managed through the corporate office; and rental expense for properties occupied by corporate office employees. A portion of centrally managed expenses is allocated to operating divisions based on a formula that uses the planned revenues of each of the operating units. Amounts allocated also include specific charges for information technology-related projects, which are allocated based on utilization.
Certain prior period amounts, wherever applicable, have been recast to reflect the transfer of certain agencies between our reportable segments.
Summarized financial information concerning our reportable segments is shown in the following tables.
Year ended December 31, 2024MD&EIA&CSC&E
Total
Total revenue$4,274.3 $3,907.2 $2,510.2 $10,691.7 
Revenue before billable expenses4,213.8 3,544.4 1,429.4 9,187.6 
Base salaries, benefits and tax2,207.9 2,187.0 870.9 
Incentive expense128.4 95.6 33.1 
Severance expense65.8 58.9 13.8 
Temporary help85.3 142.9 45.7 
Office and other direct expenses751.8 420.4 170.9 
Depreciation and amortization 1
106.1 50.6 14.3 
Other segment items 2
81.1 409.2 1,102.1 
Segment EBITA$847.9 $542.6 $259.4 $1,649.9 
Amortization of acquired intangibles77.2 3.1 1.5 
Impairment of goodwill232.1 — — 
Capital expenditures75.6 29.5 12.1 
1 Excludes amortization of acquired intangibles.
2 Includes billable expenses, other salaries and related expenses and restructuring charges.
Year ended December 31, 2023MD&EIA&CSC&E
Total
Total revenue$4,417.4 $3,979.6 $2,492.3 $10,889.3 
Revenue before billable expenses4,348.6 3,611.1 1,440.9 9,400.6 
Base salaries, benefits and tax2,358.4 2,244.3 860.7 
Incentive expense124.4 84.9 43.3 
Severance expense55.8 53.1 15.0 
Temporary help104.4 154.0 52.4 
Office and other direct expenses739.3 438.0 165.2 
Depreciation and amortization 1
105.8 53.6 15.9 
Other segment items 2
92.4 414.9 1,074.6 
Segment EBITA$836.9 $536.8 $265.2 $1,638.9 
Amortization of acquired intangibles77.3 4.3 2.4 
Capital expenditures100.2 40.7 6.4 
1 Excludes amortization of acquired intangibles.
2 Includes billable expenses, other salaries and related expenses and restructuring charges.

Year ended December 31, 2022MD&EIA&CSC&E
Total
Total revenue$4,401.1 $4,121.1 $2,405.6 $10,927.8 
Revenue before billable expenses4,315.7 3,747.5 1,386.2 9,449.4 
Base salaries, benefits and tax2,286.2 2,225.9 836.4 
Incentive expense158.0 139.8 44.2 
Severance expense31.6 36.6 10.2 
Temporary help135.4 203.6 51.8 
Office and other direct expenses751.2 427.9 167.3 
Depreciation and amortization 1
107.5 58.3 16.9 
Other segment items 2
182.8 451.5 1,044.3 
Segment EBITA$748.4 $577.5 $234.5 $1,560.4 
Amortization of acquired intangibles72.8 7.2 4.7 
Capital expenditures97.5 43.7 7.3 
1 Excludes amortization of acquired intangibles.
2 Includes billable expenses, other salaries and related expenses and restructuring charges.
December 31,
 20242023
Total assets:
MD&E$10,248.1 $10,737.5 
IA&C4,549.9 4,790.4 
SC&E1,758.9 1,800.6 
Corporate and other 1,768.9 1,938.8 
Total$18,325.8 $19,267.3 

The following table presents the reconciliation of segment EBITA to Income before income taxes.
Years ended December 31,
202420232022
MD&E EBITA$847.9 $836.9 $748.4 
IA&C EBITA542.6 536.8 577.5 
SC&E EBITA259.4 265.2 234.5 
Total segment EBITA
1,649.9 1,638.9 1,560.4 
Corporate and other(132.8)(72.3)(94.5)
Less: consolidated amortization of acquired intangibles81.8 84.0 84.7 
Less: impairment of goodwill232.1 — — 
Operating income1,203.2 1,482.6 1,381.2 
Total (expenses) and other income(154.1)(74.6)(112.3)
Income before income taxes$1,049.1 $1,408.0 $1,268.9 
Long-lived assets, including operating lease right-of-use assets and excluding intangible assets, are presented by major geographic area in the following table.
 Long-Lived Assets
 December 31,
 20242023
Domestic$1,519.0 $1,546.0 
International:
United Kingdom253.9 290.1 
Continental Europe85.7 84.7 
Asia Pacific146.6 163.2 
Latin America44.4 59.0 
Other71.8 84.3 
Total International602.4 681.3 
Total Consolidated$2,121.4 $2,227.3 
Property and equipment are allocated based upon physical location. Other assets and investments are allocated based on the location of the related operations.