Supplementary Data (Notes)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2024

Dec. 31, 2023

Supplementary Data [Abstract]

Supplementary Data

Valuation and Qualifying Accounts – Accounts Receivable, Allowance for Expected Credit Losses

	Years ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Balance at beginning of period	$	46.4	$	48.6	$	68.5
Charges to costs and expenses 1	1.9		7.2		(5.8)
Adjustments:
Acquisitions/(Dispositions)	2.0		(1.7)		(0.9)
Uncollectible accounts written off	(11.4)		(7.8)		(12.8)
Recoveries	0.1		0.1		1.9
Foreign currency translation adjustments	(2.0)		—		(2.3)
Balance at end of period	$	37.0	$	46.4	$	48.6

Property and Equipment

	December 31,
	2024		2023
Furniture and equipment	$	581.9	$	632.8
Leasehold improvements	501.8		507.0
Internal-use computer software	603.2		585.1
Land and buildings	138.0		136.7
Gross property and equipment	1,824.9		1,861.6
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization	(1,258.1)		(1,224.9)
Total property and equipment, net	$	566.8	$	636.7

Total depreciation and amortization expense, which excludes the amortization of acquired intangibles, for property and equipment for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 was $177.1, $180.3 and $189.3, respectively.

Accrued Liabilities

The following table presents the components of accrued liabilities.

	December 31,
	2024		2023
Salaries, benefits and related expenses	$	432.1	$	507.5
Income taxes payable	80.3		56.8
Interest	37.5		40.2
Office and related expenses	18.7		22.3
Acquisition obligations	5.3		2.9
Restructuring charges	0.4		0.6
Other	87.3		75.5
Total accrued liabilities	$	661.6	$	705.8

Other (Expense) Income, Net

Results of operations include certain items that are not directly associated with our revenue-producing operations.

	Years ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Net gains/(losses) on sales of businesses	$	(64.2)	$	17.9	$	(11.3)
Other	(11.7)		(7.7)		10.3
Total other (expense) income, net	$	(75.9)	$	10.2	$	(1.0)

Net gains/(losses) on sales of businesses – During 2024, 2023 and 2022, the amounts recognized were related to sales of businesses and the classification of certain assets and liabilities, consisting primarily of goodwill, accounts receivable and accounts payable, as held for sale within our MD&E, IA&C, and SC&E reportable segments. The businesses held for sale as of year-end primarily represent unprofitable, non-strategic agencies which are expected to be sold within the next twelve months. During 2024, the amounts recognized were primarily related to two digital specialist agencies within our MD&E segment classified as held for sale during the third quarter of 2024. The sale of one of these businesses closed in the fourth quarter of 2024 and the sale of the other is expected to close in the first half of 2025. The sales of businesses and the classification of certain assets and liabilities as held for sale included cash, net of proceeds, of $7.9, $58.7 and $(22.4) for the years ended 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which is classified within the Proceeds from sale of businesses, net of cash sold line in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.

Other – During 2024, the majority of the amounts recognized were primarily related to pension and postretirement costs. During 2023, the majority of the amounts recognized were primarily related to pension and postretirement costs. During 2022, the majority of the amounts recognized were primarily related to a cash gain from the sale of an equity investment, partially offset by a non-cash loss related to the deconsolidation of a previously consolidated entity in which we maintain an equity interest.

Share Repurchase Programs

On

Supplementary Data

Cash Flow, Supplemental Disclosures

Supplemental Cash Flow Information

	Years ended December 31,
	2024		2023		2022
Cash paid for interest	$	231.0	$	221.6	$	171.1
Changes in operating lease right-of-use assets and lease liabilities 1	(42.2)		(32.4)		55.1
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds 2	336.1		320.3		255.7

1For the year ended December 31, 2024, comprised of the impairments of operating lease right-of-use asset of ($5.7) classified in Non-cash restructuring charges, offset by $36.5 net cash outflow, classified in Other non-current assets and liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31, 2023, comprised of the impairments of operating lease right-of-use asset of ($1.2), classified in Non-cash restructuring charges, offset by $31.2 net cash outflow, classified in Other non-current assets and liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows. For the year ended December 31, 2022, comprised of the impairments of operating lease right-of-use asset of $85.4, classified in Non-cash restructuring charges offset by $30.3 net cash outflow, classified in Other non-current assets and liabilities in our Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.

2Refunds of $53.0, $40.1 and $35.7 were received for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.