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Financial Information By Business Segment And Geographic Area (Note)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Segment Reporting, Measurement Disclosures [Abstract]  
Financial Information By Business Segment And Geographic Area
International Paper operates in two segments: Industrial Packaging and Global Cellulose Fibers.

Industrial Packaging is primarily focused on producing fiber-based packaging. We produce linerboard, medium, whitetop, recycled linerboard, recycled medium and saturating kraft of which approximately 75% of our production is converted into corrugated packaging and other packaging. The revenue for our Industrial Packaging segment is derived from selling these products to our customers.

Global Cellulose Fibers primarily focus on producing cellulose fibers which is a renewable raw material used in a variety of products people depend on every day such as diapers, towel and tissue products, feminine care, incontinence and other personal care products. In addition, our innovative specialty pulps serve as a sustainable raw material used in textiles, construction materials, paints, coatings and more. The revenue for our Global Cellulose Fibers segment is derived from selling these products to our customers.
The accounting policies of the Industrial Packaging and Global Cellulose Fibers segments are the same as those described in the summary of significant accounting policies.

The chief operating decision maker ("CODM") assesses performance for these segments and decides how to allocate resources based on business segment operating profit. Business segment operating profits (losses) are also used by International Paper's CODM to measure the earnings performance of its businesses and to focus on on-going operations. During 2024, business segment operating profits (losses) used by the CODM were adjusted to include accelerated depreciation as part of the measure of business performance. As such, results for the year ended December 31, 2023 have been recast to reflect $422 million for accelerated depreciation related to mill strategic actions in business segment operating profit (losses).

International Paper's reportable segments are strategic business units that offer different products. They are managed separately because each business requires different resources and strategies.
International Paper’s CODM is the chief executive officer.

External sales by major product is determined by aggregating sales from each segment based on similar products or services. External sales are defined as those that are made to parties outside International Paper’s consolidated group, whereas sales by segment in the Net Sales table are determined using a management approach and include intersegment sales.

INFORMATION BY BUSINESS SEGMENT

The following tables illustrate reportable segment revenue, significant segment expenses, and measures of a segment’s profit or loss for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022. The table also reconciles these amounts to Earnings (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings.


2024:
In millionsIndustrial PackagingGlobal Cellulose FibersTotal
Net Sales$15,534 $2,793 $18,327 
Corporate and Intrasegment Sales292 
Total Net Sales18,619 
Less:
Cost of products sold10,985 1,983 
Selling and administrative expenses1,451 262 
Depreciation and amortization 850 450 
Distribution expenses1,179 295 
Other segment items (a)118 29 
Business Segment Operating Profit (Losses)951 (226)725 
Interest Expense, net208 
Adjustment for less than wholly owned subsidiaries (b)(5)
Corporate expenses, net44 
Corporate net special items251 
Business net special items122 
Non-operating pension (income) expense(42)
Earnings (losses) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings (losses)$147 

2023:
In millionsIndustrial PackagingGlobal Cellulose FibersTotal
Net Sales$15,596 $2,890 $18,486 
Corporate and Intrasegment Sales430 
Total Net Sales18,916 
Less:
Cost of products sold11,093 2,121 
Selling and administrative expenses1,078 211 
Depreciation and amortization1,144 286 
Distribution expenses1,240 335 
Other segment items (a)122 29 
Business Segment Operating Profit (Losses)919 (92)827 
Interest Expense, net231 
Adjustment for less than wholly owned subsidiaries (b)(2)
Corporate expenses, net27 
Corporate net special items28 
Business net special items107 
Non-operating pension (income) expense54 
Earnings (losses) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings (losses)$382 


2022:
In millionsIndustrial PackagingGlobal Cellulose FibersTotal
Net Sales$17,451 $3,227 $20,678 
Corporate and Intrasegment Sales483 
Total Net Sales21,161 
Less:
Cost of products sold12,509 2,183 
Selling and administrative expenses983 189 
Depreciation and amortization783 255 
Distribution expenses1,315 468 
Other segment items (a)119 26 
Business Segment Operating Profit (Losses)1,742 106 1,848 
Interest Expense, net325 
Adjustment for less than wholly owned subsidiaries (b)(5)
Corporate expenses, net34 
Corporate net special items99 
Business net special items76 
Non-operating pension (income) expense(192)
Earnings (losses) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings (losses)$1,511 
Assets
In millions20242023
Industrial Packaging$15,805 $16,060 
Global Cellulose Fibers2,857 3,369 
Corporate and other 4,138 3,832 
Assets$22,800 $23,261 
Capital Spending
In millions202420232022
Industrial Packaging$763 $928 $762 
Global Cellulose Fibers133 177 143 
Subtotal896 1,105 905 
Corporate and other25 36 26 
Capital Spending$921 $1,141 $931 

External Sales By Major Product 
In millions202420232022
Industrial Packaging$15,533 $15,596 $17,441 
Global Cellulose Fibers2,784 2,883 3,219 
Other 302 437 501 
Net Sales$18,619 $18,916 $21,161 
INFORMATION BY GEOGRAPHIC AREA

Net Sales (c)
In millions202420232022
United States (d)$16,300 $16,340 $18,482 
EMEA1,432 1,494 1,693 
Pacific Rim and Asia157 261 123 
Americas, other than U.S.730 821 863 
Net Sales$18,619 $18,916 $21,161 
Long-Lived Assets (e)
In millions20242023
United States$8,617 $9,021 
EMEA706 757 
Americas, other than U.S.352 390 
Long-Lived Assets$9,675 $10,168 
(a)Other segment items includes Taxes other than payroll.
(b)Operating profits for industry segments include each segment’s percentage share of the profits of subsidiaries included in that segment that are less than wholly-owned. The pre-tax earnings for these subsidiaries is added here to present consolidated earnings from continuing operations before income taxes and equity earnings.
(c)Net sales are attributed to countries based on the location of the seller.
(d)Export sales to unaffiliated customers were $2.9 billion in 2024, $2.7 billion in 2023 and $3.2 billion in 2022.
(e)Long-Lived Assets includes Forestlands and Plants, Properties and Equipment, net.