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Goodwill And Other Intangibles (Note)
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Goodwill And Other Intangibles

GOODWILL

The following table presents changes in the goodwill balances as allocated to each business segment for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018: 
In millions
Industrial
Packaging
 
Global Cellulose Fibers
 
Printing
Papers
 
Total
Balance as of December 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
$
3,382

 
$
52

  
$
2,150

  
$
5,584

Accumulated impairment losses
(296
)
 
—

  
(1,877
)
 
(2,173
)
 
3,086

 
52

 
273

 
3,411

Currency translation and other (a)
(1
)
 
—

 
(34
)
 
(35
)
Goodwill additions/reductions
(2
)
(b)
—


—


(2
)
Balance as of December 31, 2018
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
3,379

  
52

 
2,116

  
5,547

Accumulated impairment losses
(296
)
  
—

 
(1,877
)
 
(2,173
)
 
3,083

  
52

 
239

  
3,374

Currency translation and other (a)
—

 
—

 
(6
)
 
(6
)
Goodwill additions/reductions
31

(b)(c)
—

 
(112
)
(d)
(81
)
Accumulated impairment loss additions/reductions
—

 
(52
)
(e)
112

(d)
60

Balance as of December 31, 2019
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Goodwill
3,410

 
52

  
1,998

  
5,460

Accumulated impairment losses
(296
)
 
(52
)
  
(1,765
)
 
(2,113
)
Total
$
3,114

 
$
—

  
$
233

  
$
3,347



(a)
Represents the effects of foreign currency translations and reclassifications.
(b)
Reflects a reduction from tax benefits generated by the deduction of goodwill amortization for tax purposes in the U.S.
(c)
Reflects the goodwill for the acquisitions of Industrial Packaging box plants in EMEA of which $28 million is considered provisional.
(d)
Reflects the reclassification of India goodwill and related impairment losses to held for sale prior to the sale of the business.
(e)
Reflects the impairment of the Global Cellulose Fibers reporting unit.
    
The Company performed its annual testing of its reporting units for possible goodwill impairments by applying the qualitative assessment to its North America Industrial Packaging, European Papers, Russian Papers, and Brazilian Papers reporting units and the quantitative goodwill impairment test to its Global Cellulose Fibers and EMEA Industrial Packaging reporting units as of October 1, 2019. For the current year evaluation, the Company assessed various assumptions, events and circumstances that would have affected the estimated fair value of the reporting units under the qualitative assessment for the reporting units listed above and the results of the qualitative assessments indicated that it is not more likely than not that the fair values of its North America Industrial Packaging, European Papers, Russian Papers, and Brazilian Papers reporting units were less than their carrying values.

The company also performed the quantitative goodwill impairment test which included comparing the carrying amount of the Global Cellulose Fibers and EMEA Industrial Packaging reporting units to their estimated fair value. The Company performed the quantitative goodwill impairment test for Global Cellulose Fibers due to the reporting unit's outlook and for EMEA Industrial Packaging due to the changes in the reporting unit's asset
base as a result of strategic capital projects and acquisitions since the previous quantitative goodwill impairment test. The Company calculated the estimated fair value of its Global Cellulose Fibers and EMEA Industrial Packaging reporting units using a probability-weighted approach based on discounted future cash flows, market multiples and transaction multiples. The carrying amount did not exceed the estimated fair value of the EMEA Industrial Packaging reporting unit. The carrying amount did exceed the estimated fair value of the Global Cellulose Fibers reporting unit, and it was determined that all of the goodwill in the reporting unit, totaling $52 million, was impaired. This charge is included in Net (gains) losses on sales and impairments of businesses in the accompanying consolidated statement of operations. The decline in the fair value of Global Cellulose Fibers and resulting impairment charge was due to a change in the outlook of the Global Cellulose Fibers reporting unit's operations.
In addition, the Company considered whether there were any events or circumstances outside of the annual evaluation that would reduce the fair value of its reporting units below their carrying amounts and necessitate a goodwill impairment evaluation. In consideration of all relevant factors, there were no indicators that would
require goodwill impairment subsequent to October 1, 2019.


OTHER INTANGIBLES

Identifiable intangible assets comprised the following:

  
2019
2018
In millions at December 31
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Intangible Assets
Gross
Carrying
Amount
Accumulated
Amortization
Net Intangible Assets
Customer relationships and lists
$
560

$
275

$
285

$
542

$
247

$
295

Non-compete agreements
—

—

—

67

67

—

Tradenames, patents and trademarks, and developed technology
170

102

68

174

90

84

Land and water rights
8

2

6

8

2

6

Software
26

25

1

26

25

1

Other
18

10

8

30

23

7

Total
$
782

$
414

$
368

$
847

$
454

$
393


The Company recognized the following amounts as amortization expense related to intangible assets: 
In millions
2019
2018
2017
Amortization expense related to intangible assets
$
58

$
59

$
77



Based on current intangibles subject to amortization, estimated amortization expense for each of the succeeding years is as follows: 2020 – $50 million, 2021 – $48 million, 2022 – $46 million, 2023 – $41 million, 2024 – $41 million, and cumulatively thereafter – $136 million.