The following tables present the company's intangible asset balances by major asset class.

* Amounts as of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022 include an increase in net intangible asset balances of $30 million and a decrease of $198 million, respectively, due to foreign currency translation.

**	Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and non-proprietary business processes, methodologies and systems.

The net carrying amount of intangible assets decreased $279 million during the first three months of 2023, primarily due to intangible asset amortization, partially offset by additions of capitalized software and acquired intangibles. The aggregate intangible amortization expense was $547 million and $625 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In the first three months of 2023, the company retired $992 million of fully amortized intangible assets, impacting both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by this amount.

The future amortization expense relating to intangible assets currently recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet is estimated to be the following at March 31, 2023:


	Capitalized		Acquired
(Dollars in millions)	Software		Intangibles		Total
Remainder of 2023	$	441	$	1,173	$	1,615
2024		374		1,553		1,927
2025		138		1,535		1,673
2026		9		1,512		1,520
2027		—		1,492		1,492
Thereafter		—		2,678		2,678

Goodwill

The changes in the goodwill balances by segment for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and for the year ended December 31, 2022 are as follows:


									Foreign
									Currency
					Purchase				Translation
(Dollars in millions)	Balance		Goodwill		Price				and Other		Balance
Segment	1/1/2023		Additions		Adjustments		Divestitures		Adjustments*		3/31/2023
Software	$	43,657	$	141	$	1	$	—	$	66	$	43,865
Consulting		7,928		—		5		—		29		7,962
Infrastructure		4,363		—		—		—		2		4,366
Other		—		—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	55,949	$	141	$	6	$	—	$	97	$	56,193


									Foreign
									Currency
					Purchase				Translation
(Dollars in millions)	Balance		Goodwill		Price				and Other		Balance
Segment	1/1/2022		Additions		Adjustments		Divestitures		Adjustments*		12/31/2022
Software	$	43,966	$	568	$	(118)	$	—	$	(760)	$	43,657
Consulting		6,797		1,366		(42)		—		(192)		7,928
Infrastructure		4,396		—		—		(1)		(32)		4,363
Other**		484		—		—		(484)		—		—
Total	$	55,643	$	1,934	$	(159)	$	(485)	$	(984)	$	55,949

*	Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.

**	The company derecognized goodwill related to the divestiture of its healthcare software assets in the second quarter of 2022.

There were no goodwill impairment losses recorded during the first three months of 2023 or full-year 2022 and the company has no accumulated impairment losses. Purchase price adjustments recorded in the first three months of 2023 and full-year 2022 were related to acquisitions that were still subject to the measurement period that ends at the earlier of 12 months from the acquisition date or when information becomes available. Net purchase price adjustments recorded during the first three months of 2023 were not material. Net purchase price adjustments recorded in 2022 primarily related to deferred tax assets and liabilities associated with the Turbonomic acquisition.