Intangible Assets Including Goodwill (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Intangible Assets Including Goodwill

Intangible asset balances by major asset class

($ in millions)
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Net Carrying
At December 31, 2021:	Amount		Amortization		Amount		*
Intangible asset class
Capitalized software	$	1,696	$	(751)	$	945
Client relationships		9,021		(2,889)		6,132
Completed technology		6,074		(2,259)		3,815
Patents/trademarks		2,196		(586)		1,610
Other**		44		(35)		9
Total	$	19,031	$	(6,520)	$	12,511

* Includes a decrease in net intangible asset balance of $221 million due to foreign currency translation.

** Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and nonproprietary business processes, methodologies and systems.

($ in millions)
	Gross Carrying		Accumulated		Net Carrying
At December 31, 2020:	Amount		Amortization		Amount		*
Intangible asset class
Capitalized software	$	1,777	$	(814)	$	963
Client relationships		8,708		(1,976)		6,732
Completed technology		5,937		(1,655)		4,283
Patents/trademarks		2,244		(499)		1,744
Other**		56		(39)		16
Total	$	18,722	$	(4,983)	$	13,739

* Includes an increase in net intangible asset balance of $279 million due to foreign currency translation.

** Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and nonproprietary business processes, methodologies and systems.

Intangible assets, future amortization expense

	Capitalized		Acquired
($ in millions)	Software		Intangibles		Total
2022	$	512	$	1,818	$	2,329
2023		313		1,513		1,826
2024		120		1,467		1,587
2025		0		1,450		1,450
2026		0		1,433		1,433
Thereafter		—		3,886		3,886

Changes in goodwill balances by reportable segment

($ in millions)
									Foreign
									Currency
					Purchase				Translation
	Balance at		Goodwill		Price				and Other			Balance at
Segment*	January 1, 2021		Additions		Adjustments		Divestitures		Adjustments		**	December 31, 2021
Software	$	43,149	$	1,836	$	23	$	(13)	$	(545)		$	44,450
Consulting		6,145		713		(21)		—		(40)			6,797
Infrastructure		4,436		—		0		—		(39)			4,396
Other—divested businesses		36		—		—		(37)		1			—
Total	$	53,765	$	2,549	$	2	$	(50)	$	(623)		$	55,643

($ in millions)
									Foreign
									Currency
					Purchase				Translation
	Balance at		Goodwill		Price				and Other			Balance at
Segment*	January 1, 2020		Additions		Adjustments		Divestitures		Adjustments		**	December 31, 2020
Software	$	42,275	$	362	$	(139)	$	—	$	651		$	43,149
Consulting		5,775		205		—		—		165			6,145
Infrastructure		4,386		8		—		—		42			4,436
Other—divested businesses		35		—		—		—		1			36
Total	$	52,471	$	575	$	(139)	$	—	$	859		$	53,765

* Recast to reflect segment changes.

** Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.