Stock-Based Compensation (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2018

Stock-Based Compensation

Stock-based compensation cost included in income from continuing operations

($ in millions)

For the year ended December 31:	2018			2017			2016
Cost	$	82		$	91		$	88
Selling, general and administrative	361			384			401
Research, development and engineering	67			59			55
Pre-tax stock-based compensation cost	510			534			544
Income tax benefits	(116		)	(131		)	(179		)
Net stock-based compensation cost	$	393		$	403		$	364

Summary of Restricted Stock Units activity

	2018				2017				2016
	Weighted-				Weighted-				Weighted-
	Average		Number		Average		Number		Average		Number
	Grant Price		of Units		Grant Price		of Units		Grant Price		of Units
Balance at January 1	$	141	8,555,263		$	147	8,899,092		$	159	7,527,341
RSUs granted	121		4,806,790		137		3,540,949		140		3,985,870
RSUs released	148		(2,579,962	)	153		(3,032,531	)	174		(1,860,660	)
RSUs canceled/forfeited	139		(979,387	)	147		(852,247	)	158		(753,459	)
Balance at December 31	$	130	9,802,704		$	141	8,555,263		$	147	8,899,092

Summary of Performance Share Units activity

	2018				2017				2016
	Weighted-				Weighted-				Weighted-
	Average		Number		Average		Number		Average		Number
	Grant Price		of Units		Grant Price		of Units		Grant Price		of Units
Balance at January 1	$	144	2,649,313		$	155	2,874,758		$	173	2,928,932
PSUs granted at target	130		909,140		137		824,875		140		990,336
Performance adjustments*	152		(328,120	)	175		(623,245	)	194		(387,457	)
PSUs released	152		(666,244	)	175		(293,236	)	194		(419,759	)
PSUs canceled/forfeited	135		(144,394	)	144		(133,839	)	174		(237,294	)
Balance at December 31**	$	136	2,419,695		$	144	2,649,313		$	155	2,874,758

*	Represents the change in shares issued to employees after vesting of PSUs because final performance metrics were above or below specified targets.
**	Represents the number of shares expected to be issued based on achievement of grant date performance targets. The actual number of shares issued will depend on final performance against specified targets over the vesting period.

Summary of option activity

	2018			2017				2016
	Weighted-		Number of	Weighted-		Number of		Weighted-		Number of
	Average		Shares	Average		Shares		Average		Shares
	Exercise Price		Under Option	Exercise Price		Under Option		Exercise Price		Under Option
Balance at January 1	$	140	1,500,000	$	137	1,613,923		$	94	479,774
Options granted	—		—	—		—		140		1,500,000
Options exercised	—		—	103		(106,132	)	91		(361,088	)
Options canceled/expired	—		—	103		(7,791	)	86		(4,763	)
Balance at December 31	$	140	1,500,000	$	140	1,500,000		$	137	1,613,923
Exercisable at December 31	$	—	—	$	—	—		$	103	113,923

Options Outstanding by Exercise Price

	Options Outstanding
						Weighted-Average
	Weighted-		Number of	Aggregate		Remaining
	Average		Shares	Intrinsic		Contractual Life
Exercise Price Range	Exercise Price		Under Option	Value		(in Years)
$129-$154	$	140	1,500,000	$	0	7.1