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Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2014
Dec. 31, 2013
Dec. 31, 2012
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME      
Net income $ 12,022us-gaap_ProfitLoss $ 16,483us-gaap_ProfitLoss $ 16,604us-gaap_ProfitLoss
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before tax      
Foreign currency translation adjustments (Note L) (1,636)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax (1,335)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax (44)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities (Note L)      
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period (29)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax (4)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 8us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income 5us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax (8)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax (42)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax
Subsequent changes in previously impaired securities arising during the period 0ibm_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableForSaleSecuritiesSubsequentChangesInPreviouslyImpairedSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 4ibm_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableForSaleSecuritiesSubsequentChangesInPreviouslyImpairedSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 20ibm_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableForSaleSecuritiesSubsequentChangesInPreviouslyImpairedSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Total net changes related to available-for-sale securities (24)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentBeforeTax (8)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentBeforeTax (14)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentBeforeTax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges (Note L)      
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period 958us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 43us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 32us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income (97)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax (166)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax (253)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
Total unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges 861us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesBeforeTax (123)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesBeforeTax (220)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesBeforeTax
Retirement-related benefit plans (Note L)      
Prior service costs/(credits) 1us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostCreditArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 16us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostCreditArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax  
Net (losses)/gains arising during the period (9,799)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 5,369us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax (7,489)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Curtailments and settlements 24us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationBeforeTax (3)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationBeforeTax (2)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationBeforeTax
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs (114)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax (114)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax (148)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax
Amortization of net (gains)/losses 2,531us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossBeforeTax 3,499us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossBeforeTax 2,457us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossBeforeTax
Total retirement-related benefit plans (7,357)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax 8,767us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax (5,182)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before tax (Note L) (8,156)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTax 7,301us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTax (5,460)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTax
Income tax (expense)/benefit related to items of other comprehensive income (Note L) 1,883us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTax (3,144)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTax 1,587us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTax
Other comprehensive income/(loss) (Note L) (6,274)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 4,157us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax (3,874)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
Total comprehensive income $ 5,748us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest $ 20,641us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest $ 12,731us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest