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Intangible Assets Including Goodwill
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets Including Goodwill Intangible Assets Including Goodwill:
Intangible Assets
The following tables present the company's intangible asset balances by major asset class.
At September 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions)Gross Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software$1,450 $(634)$816 
Client relationships9,793 (4,218)5,574 
Completed technology6,258 (3,019)3,239 
Patents/trademarks1,869 (514)1,355 
Other (2)
136 (30)106 
Total$19,506 $(8,416)$11,090 
At December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)Gross Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software$1,636 $(762)$874 
Client relationships9,053 (3,500)5,553 
Completed technology5,713 (2,510)3,203 
Patents/trademarks1,821 (436)1,385 
Other (2)
41 (20)22 
Total$18,265 $(7,229)$11,036 
(1)Amounts as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include an increase in net intangible asset balances of $6 million and $50 million, respectively, due to foreign currency translation.
(2)Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and non-proprietary technology licenses, data, business processes, methodologies and systems.
The net carrying amount of intangible assets increased $53 million during the first nine months of 2024, primarily due to additions of acquired intangibles of $1,424 million, driven by the acquisition of StreamSets and webMethods in the current quarter, and additions of capitalized software, partially offset by intangible asset amortization. The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $705 million and $1,910 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $572 million and $1,676 million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023, respectively. During the nine months ended September 30, 2024, the company retired $681 million of fully amortized intangible assets, impacting both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by this amount.
The future amortization expense relating to intangible assets currently recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet was estimated to be the following at September 30, 2024:
(Dollars in millions)Capitalized
Software		Acquired
Intangibles		Total
Remainder of 2024$155 $488 $643 
2025383 1,923 2,306 
2026217 1,899 2,116 
202760 1,879 1,939 
20280 1,576 1,576 
Thereafter0 2,510 2,510 
Goodwill
The changes in the goodwill balances by segment for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and for the year ended December 31, 2023 were as follows:
(Dollars in millions)BalanceGoodwill
Additions
Purchase
Price
Adjustments (1)
Foreign
Currency
Translation
and Other
Adjustments (2)
Balance
Segment1/1/2024Divestitures9/30/2024
Software$46,447 $1,237 $(44)$— $(59)$47,581 
Consulting8,883 215 (3)(1)27 9,122 
Infrastructure4,384 8 (1)— (2)4,390 
Other (3)
464 — — (464)— — 
Total$60,178 $1,460 $(48)$(465)$(33)$61,092 

(Dollars in millions)BalanceGoodwill
Additions
Purchase
Price
Adjustments (1)
Foreign
Currency
Translation
and Other
Adjustments (2)
Balance
Segment
1/1/2023Divestitures12/31/2023
Software (4)
$42,712 $3,538 $(17)$— $214 $46,447 
Consulting (4)
8,409 403 2 — 69 8,883 
Infrastructure4,363 12 — — 8 4,384 
Other (4)
464 — — — — 464 
Total$55,949 $3,953 $(15)$— $291 $60,178 
(1)Includes measurement period adjustments related to business combinations that closed in the current and prior year.
(2)Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.
(3)In the first quarter of 2024, the company derecognized goodwill related to the divestiture of The Weather Company assets. Refer to note 5, "Acquisitions & Divestitures," for additional information.
(4)Recast to reflect January 2024 segment changes. Refer to note 4, "Segments," for additional information.
There were no goodwill impairment losses recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 or the year ended December 31, 2023 and the company has no accumulated impairment losses. Purchase price adjustments recorded during the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 were related to acquisitions that were still subject to the measurement period that ends at the earlier of 12 months from the acquisition date or when information becomes available. Net purchase price adjustments recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 were not material.