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Intangible Assets Including Goodwill
 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2024
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]  
Intangible Assets Including Goodwill Intangible Assets Including Goodwill:
Intangible Assets
The following tables present the company's intangible asset balances by major asset class.
At June 30, 2024
(Dollars in millions)Gross Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software$1,528 $(661)$867 
Client relationships8,976 (3,911)5,065 
Completed technology5,719 (2,834)2,885 
Patents/trademarks1,803 (483)1,320 
Other (2)
149 (35)114 
Total$18,175 $(7,924)$10,251 
At December 31, 2023
(Dollars in millions)Gross Carrying
Amount		Accumulated
Amortization
Net Carrying
Amount (1)
Intangible asset class:
Capitalized software$1,636 $(762)$874 
Client relationships9,053 (3,500)5,553 
Completed technology5,713 (2,510)3,203 
Patents/trademarks1,821 (436)1,385 
Other (2)
41 (20)22 
Total$18,265 $(7,229)$11,036 
(1)Amounts as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 include a decrease in net intangible asset balances of $76 million and an increase of $50 million, respectively, due to foreign currency translation.
(2)Other intangibles are primarily acquired proprietary and non-proprietary technology licenses, data, business processes, methodologies and systems.
The net carrying amount of intangible assets decreased $786 million during the first six months of 2024, primarily due to intangible asset amortization, partially offset by additions of capitalized software and acquired intangibles. The aggregate intangible asset amortization expense was $607 million and $1,205 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, respectively, compared to $556 million and $1,104 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively. During the six months ended June 30, 2024, the company retired $405 million of fully amortized intangible assets, impacting both the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization by this amount.
The future amortization expense relating to intangible assets currently recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheet was estimated to be the following at June 30, 2024:
(Dollars in millions)Capitalized
Software		Acquired
Intangibles		Total
Remainder of 2024$305 $881 $1,186 
2025351 1,724 2,075 
2026180 1,700 1,880 
202730 1,681 1,710 
2028— 1,379 1,379 
Thereafter— 2,020 2,020 
Goodwill
The changes in the goodwill balances by segment for the six months ended June 30, 2024 and for the year ended December 31, 2023 were as follows:
(Dollars in millions)BalanceGoodwill
Additions		Purchase
Price
Adjustments
Foreign
Currency
Translation
and Other
Adjustments (1)
Balance
Segment1/1/2024Divestitures6/30/2024
Software$46,447 $91 $(9)$— $(408)$46,120 
Consulting8,883 108 0 — (70)8,920 
Infrastructure4,384 8 (1)— (16)4,376 
Other (2)
464 — — (464)— — 
Total$60,178 $207 $(11)$(464)$(494)$59,416 

(Dollars in millions)BalanceGoodwill
Additions		Purchase
Price
Adjustments
Foreign
Currency
Translation
and Other
Adjustments (1)
Balance
Segment
1/1/2023Divestitures12/31/2023
Software (3)
$42,712 $3,538 $(17)$— $214 $46,447 
Consulting (3)
8,409 403 2 — 69 8,883 
Infrastructure4,363 12 — — 8 4,384 
Other (3)
464 — — — — 464 
Total$55,949 $3,953 $(15)$— $291 $60,178 
(1)Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.
(2)In the first quarter of 2024, the company derecognized goodwill related to the divestiture of The Weather Company assets. Refer to note 5, "Acquisitions & Divestitures," for additional information.
(3)Recast to reflect January 2024 segment changes. Refer to note 4, "Segments," for additional information.
There were no goodwill impairment losses recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2024 or the year ended December 31, 2023 and the company has no accumulated impairment losses. Purchase price adjustments recorded during the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 were related to acquisitions that were still subject to the measurement period that ends at the earlier of 12 months from the acquisition date or when information becomes available. Net purchase price adjustments recorded in the six months ended June 30, 2024 and the year ended December 31, 2023 were not material.