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Intangible Assets Including Goodwill (Details 4) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Dec. 31, 2014
Changes in Goodwill Balances    
Beginning Balance $ 30,556us-gaap_Goodwill $ 31,184us-gaap_Goodwill
Goodwill Additions 36us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod 442us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
Purchase Price Adjustments (1)us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments 4us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
Divestitures (4)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit (183)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (716)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments [1] (891)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments [1]
Ending Balance 29,871us-gaap_Goodwill 30,556us-gaap_Goodwill
Goodwill impairment losses 0us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss 0us-gaap_GoodwillImpairmentLoss
Goodwill accumulated impairment losses 0us-gaap_GoodwillImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss 0us-gaap_GoodwillImpairedAccumulatedImpairmentLoss
Global Business Services    
Changes in Goodwill Balances    
Beginning Balance 4,555us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[2] 4,855us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[2]
Purchase Price Adjustments   0us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[2]
Divestitures   (52)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[2]
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (191)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[1] (248)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[1],[2]
Ending Balance 4,364us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
4,555us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember
[2]
Global Technology Services    
Changes in Goodwill Balances    
Beginning Balance 3,530us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2] 3,608us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2]
Goodwill Additions   11us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2]
Purchase Price Adjustments   21us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2]
Divestitures   (2)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2]
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (80)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[1] (108)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[1],[2]
Ending Balance 3,450us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
3,530us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember
[2]
Software    
Changes in Goodwill Balances    
Beginning Balance 21,000us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
21,121us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Goodwill Additions 36us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
430us-gaap_GoodwillAcquiredDuringPeriod
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Purchase Price Adjustments (1)us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
(17)us-gaap_GoodwillPurchaseAccountingAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Divestitures (4)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
(19)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (428)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
[1] (516)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
[1]
Ending Balance 20,603us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
21,000us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Systems Hardware    
Changes in Goodwill Balances    
Beginning Balance 1,472us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
1,601us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
Divestitures   (110)us-gaap_GoodwillWrittenOffRelatedToSaleOfBusinessUnit
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
Foreign Currency Translation and Other Adjustments (18)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
[1] (19)us-gaap_GoodwillTranslationAdjustments
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
[1]
Ending Balance $ 1,454us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
$ 1,472us-gaap_Goodwill
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember
[1]
Primarily driven by foreign currency translation.
[2]
Reclassified to conform with 2015 presentation.