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Equity Activity (Details 1) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Mar. 31, 2014
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before tax:    
Foreign currency translation adjustments, before tax $ (452)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax $ (61)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentBeforeTax
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, before tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, before tax 32us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, before tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax 4us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax
Total net changes related to available-for-sale securities 32us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentBeforeTax 4us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentBeforeTax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, before tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, before tax 619us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 88us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, before tax (249)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax (1)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
Total unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges 370us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesBeforeTax 87us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesBeforeTax
Retirement-related benefit plans, before tax    
Prior service costs/(credits), before tax 5us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostCreditArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 1us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostCreditArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Net (losses)/gains arising during the period, before tax (77)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax 32us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodBeforeTax
Curtailments and settlements, before taxes 4us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationBeforeTax 4us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationBeforeTax
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs, before tax (26)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax (29)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditBeforeTax
Amortization of net (gains)/losses, before tax 835us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossBeforeTax 649us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossBeforeTax
Total retirement-related benefit plans 740us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax 656us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentBeforeTax
Other comprehensive income/(loss), before tax 690us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTax 687us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossBeforeTax
Other comprehensive income/(loss), tax    
Foreign currency translation adjustments, tax (266)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentTax 10us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentTax
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, tax (12)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodTax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodTax
Total net changes related to available-for-sale securities, tax (12)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesTax (2)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesTax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, tax (218)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax (33)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodTax
Total unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax (131)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesTax (32)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesTax
Retirement-related benefit plans, tax    
Prior service costs/(credits), tax (2)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansBenefitPlanImprovementTaxEffect [1] 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansBenefitPlanImprovementTaxEffect [1]
Net (losses)/gains arising during the period, tax 26us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax [1] (11)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodTax [1]
Curtailments and settlements, tax (1)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationTax [1] (1)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationTax [1]
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs, tax 9us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditTax [1] 10us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditTax [1]
Amortization of net (gains)/losses, tax (280)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossTax [1] (214)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossTax [1]
Total retirement-related benefit plans, tax (248)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansTax [1] (217)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansTax [1]
Other comprehensive income/(loss), tax (657)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTax (241)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTax
Other comprehensive income/(loss), net of tax    
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax (718)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax (51)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, net of tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, net of tax 20us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, net of tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesNetOfTax [2] 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesNetOfTax [2]
Total net changes related to available-for-sale securities, net of tax 20us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAvailableForSaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTax
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax    
Unrealized gains/(losses) arising during the period, net of tax 401us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax 54us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedGainLossOnDerivativesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
Total unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax 239us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesNetOfTax 55us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossDerivativesQualifyingAsHedgesNetOfTax
Retirement-related benefit plans, net of tax    
Prior service costs/(credits), net of tax 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostsCreditArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax [1] 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlanNetPriorServiceCostsCreditArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax [1]
Net (losses)/gains arising during the period, net of tax (52)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax [1] 21us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeDefinedBenefitPlansNetUnamortizedGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax [1]
Curtailments and settlements, net of tax 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationNetOfTax [1] 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossFinalizationOfPensionAndNonPensionPostretirementPlanValuationNetOfTax [1]
Amortization of prior service (credits)/costs, net of tax (17)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditNetOfTax [1] (20)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossAmortizationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetPriorServiceCostCreditNetOfTax [1]
Amortization of net (gains)/losses, net of tax 555us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossNetOfTax [1] 434us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansForNetGainLossNetOfTax [1]
Total retirement-related benefit plans, net of tax 492us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetOfTax [1] 439us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossPensionAndOtherPostretirementBenefitPlansAdjustmentNetOfTax [1]
Other comprehensive income/(loss) 33us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax 446us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
Cost of sales    
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, before tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, before tax (50)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember		 26us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, tax 15us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember		 (10)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, net of tax (35)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember		 16us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_CostOfSalesMember
SG&A expense    
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, before tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, before tax (40)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember		 2us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, tax 11us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember		 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, net of tax (28)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember		 2us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember
Other (income) and expense    
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, before tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, before tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 4us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, before tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, before tax (160)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 (29)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 (2)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, tax 61us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 11us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Net changes related to available-for-sale securities, net of tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, net of tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 3us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIForSaleOfSecuritiesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, net of tax (98)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember		 (18)us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= ibm_OtherIncomeExpenseMember
Interest expense    
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, before tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, before tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember		 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesBeforeTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to other (income) and expense, tax 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember		 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember
Unrealized gains/(losses) on cash flow hedges, net of tax    
Reclassification of (gains)/losses to net income, net of tax $ 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember		 $ 0us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossReclassificationAdjustmentFromAOCIOnDerivativesNetOfTax
/ us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis
= us-gaap_InterestExpenseMember
[1]
These AOCI components are included in the computation of net periodic pension cost. (See note 8, "Retirement-Related Benefits," for additional information.)
[2]
There were no writedowns for the three months ended March 31, 2015 and 2014, respectively.