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Segments (Details 1) (USD $)
In Millions, unless otherwise specified
 3 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2015
Mar. 31, 2014
Segment Information    
Revenue $ 19,590us-gaap_Revenues $ 22,236us-gaap_Revenues [1]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 3,001us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest 3,183us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest [1]
Global Technology Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue 7,886us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 8,849us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 [2]
Global Business Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue 4,318us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 4,964us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 [2]
Software    
Segment Information    
Revenue 5,199us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		 5,661us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Systems Hardware    
Segment Information    
Revenue 1,659us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 2,143us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 [2]
Global Financing    
Segment Information    
Revenue 461us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		 512us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember
Total Segments    
Segment Information    
Revenue 19,523us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 22,128us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 [1],[2]
Business Segments | Global Technology Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue 8,081us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 9,089us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 [2]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 994us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 1,215us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 [2]
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (11.10%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		  
Pre-tax income year-to-year change (as a percent) (18.20%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 12.30%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 13.40%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 [2]
Business Segments | Global Business Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue 4,449us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 5,105us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 [2]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 597us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 759us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 [2]
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (12.80%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		  
Pre-tax income year-to-year change (as a percent) (21.30%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 13.40%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 14.90%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 [2]
Business Segments | Software    
Segment Information    
Revenue 6,162us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		 6,593us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 1,936us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		 1,918us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (6.50%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		  
Pre-tax income year-to-year change (as a percent) 0.90%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 31.40%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		 29.10%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Business Segments | Systems Hardware    
Segment Information    
Revenue 1,751us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 2,311us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 [2]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 24us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 (457)us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 [2]
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (24.20%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 1.40%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 (19.80%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 [2]
Business Segments | Global Financing    
Segment Information    
Revenue 1,048us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		 1,129us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 515us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		 596us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (7.20%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		  
Pre-tax income year-to-year change (as a percent) (13.60%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 49.20%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		 52.80%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember
Business Segments | Total Segments    
Segment Information    
Revenue 21,491us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 24,228us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 [1],[2]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations 4,066us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 4,031us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 [1],[2]
Revenue year-to-year change (as a percent) (11.30%)ibm_SegmentReportingInformationRevenueChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		  
Pre-tax income year-to-year change (as a percent) 0.90%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeChangePercent
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		  
Pre-tax income margin (as a percent) 18.90%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 16.60%ibm_SegmentReportingInformationPretaxIncomeMargin
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_OperatingSegmentsMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_TotalSegmentsMember		 [2]
Internal transactions    
Segment Information    
Revenue (1,968)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember		 (2,099)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember		 [1],[2]
Pre-tax income/(loss) from continuing operations (406)us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember		 (524)us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember		 [1]
Internal transactions | Global Technology Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue (195)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 (241)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalTechnologyServicesMember		 [2]
Internal transactions | Global Business Services    
Segment Information    
Revenue (131)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 (141)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalBusinessServicesMember		 [2]
Internal transactions | Software    
Segment Information    
Revenue (964)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember		 (932)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SoftwareSegmentMember
Internal transactions | Systems Hardware    
Segment Information    
Revenue (92)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 (168)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_SystemsHardwareMember		 [2]
Internal transactions | Global Financing    
Segment Information    
Revenue $ (586)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember		 $ (617)us-gaap_Revenues
/ us-gaap_ConsolidationItemsAxis
= us-gaap_IntersegmentEliminationMember
/ us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis
= ibm_GlobalFinancingMember
[1]
Reclassified to reflect discontinued operation presentation.
[2]
Reclassified to conform with 2015 presentation and to reflect discontinued operations presentation.