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Segments:
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2014
Segments:  
Segments:

6. Segments: The tables on pages 27 and 28 reflect the results of operations of the company’s segments consistent with the management and measurement system utilized within the company. Performance measurement is based on pre-tax income. These results are used, in part, by senior management, both in evaluating the performance of, and in allocating resources to, each of the segments.

SEGMENT INFORMATION
Global Services
Global Global
TechnologyBusinessSystems andGlobalTotal
(Dollars in millions)ServicesServicesSoftwareTechnologyFinancingSegments
For the three months
ended June 30, 2014:
External revenue$ 9,414$ 4,534$ 6,488$ 3,331$ 504$ 24,271
Internal revenue 247 140 857 190 685 2,119
Total revenue$ 9,661$ 4,674$ 7,345$ 3,521$ 1,189$ 26,390
Pre-tax income $ 1,850$ 832$ 2,683$ 25$ 593$ 5,983
Revenue year-to-year change (1.7)% (2.5)% 2.6% (9.5)% 12.0% (1.3)%
Pre-tax income year-to-year
change 22.2% 33.7% 9.8% 117.9% 7.7% 19.9%
Pre-tax income margin 19.2% 17.8% 36.5% 0.7% 49.8% 22.7%
For the three months
ended June 30, 2013:
External revenue$ 9,536$ 4,606$ 6,423$ 3,758$ 487$ 24,809
Internal revenue 292 188 738 135 575 1,928
Total revenue$ 9,828$ 4,795$ 7,161$ 3,893$ 1,061$ 26,737
Pre-tax income$ 1,514$ 623$ 2,443$ (141)$ 550$ 4,989
Pre-tax income margin 15.4% 13.0% 34.1% (3.6)% 51.8% 18.7%
Reconciliations to IBM as Reported:
(Dollars in millions)
For the three months ended June 30:20142013
Revenue:
Total reportable segments$ 26,390$ 26,737
Eliminations of internal transactions (2,119) (1,928)
Other revenue adjustments 93 115
Total IBM Consolidated$ 24,364$ 24,924
Pre-tax income:
Total reportable segments$ 5,983$ 4,989
Amortization of acquired intangible assets (200) (178)
Acquisition-related charges (4) (4)
Non-operating retirement-related (costs)/income (52) (262)
Eliminations of internal transactions(507)(379)
Unallocated corporate amounts(50)(22)
Total IBM Consolidated$ 5,171$ 4,144
SEGMENT INFORMATION
Global Services
Global Global
TechnologyBusinessSystems andGlobalTotal
(Dollars in millions)ServicesServicesSoftwareTechnologyFinancingSegments
For the six months
ended June 30, 2014:
External revenue$ 18,744$ 9,017$ 12,149$ 5,722$ 1,016$ 46,648
Internal revenue 488 281 1,789 358 1,303 4,218
Total revenue$ 19,232$ 9,298$ 13,939$ 6,080$ 2,318$ 50,866
Pre-tax income $ 3,196$ 1,461$ 4,601$ (635)$ 1,188$ 9,812
Revenue year-to-year change (2.3)% (1.7)% 2.8% (14.6)% 10.3% (2.0)%
Pre-tax income year-to-year
change 3.1% 10.2% 3.2% 16.3% 9.2% 4.1%
Pre-tax income margin 16.6% 15.7% 33.0% (10.4)% 51.3% 19.3%
nm - not meaningful
For the six months
ended June 30, 2013:
External revenue$ 19,140$ 9,091$ 11,995$ 6,864$ 985$ 48,075
Internal revenue 540 368 1,569 255 1,116 3,847
Total revenue$ 19,680$ 9,459$ 13,563$ 7,118$ 2,101$ 51,922
Pre-tax income$ 3,099$ 1,326$ 4,457$ (546)$ 1,088$ 9,425
Pre-tax income margin 15.7% 14.0% 32.9% (7.7)% 51.8% 18.2%
Reconciliations to IBM as Reported:
(Dollars in millions)
For the six months ended June 30:20142013
Revenue:
Total reportable segments$ 50,866$ 51,922
Eliminations of internal transactions (4,218) (3,847)
Other revenue adjustments 200 257
Total IBM Consolidated$ 46,848$ 48,332
Pre-tax income:
Total reportable segments$ 9,812$ 9,425
Amortization of acquired intangible assets (395) (361)
Acquisition-related charges (10) (15)
Non-operating retirement-related (costs)/income (175) (546)
Eliminations of internal transactions (1,031) (718)
Unallocated corporate amounts (50) (35)
Total IBM Consolidated$ 8,151$ 7,750