Second Quarter 2025

Earnings Call

Video Update

Max K. Brodén

August 5, 2025

For more information contact:

Investor and Rating Agency Relations

800.235.2667

aflacir@aflac.com

Aflac Worldwide Headquarters

1932 Wynnton Road

Columbus, GA 31999

1

Forward-Looking Information and Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures

The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” to encourage companies to provide prospective information, so long as those informational statements are identified as forward-looking and are accompanied by meaningful cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those included in the forward-looking statements. Aflac Incorporated (the Parent Company) and its subsidiaries (collectively with the Parent Company, the Company) desire to take advantage of these provisions. This transcript contains cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected herein, and in any other statements made by company officials in communications with the financial community and contained in documents filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). Forward-looking statements are not based on historical information and relate to future operations, strategies, financial results or other developments. Furthermore, forward-looking information is subject to numerous assumptions, risks and uncertainties. In particular, statements containing words such as “expect,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “goal,” “objective,” “may,” “should,” “estimate,” “intends,” “projects,” “will,” “assumes,” “potential,” “target,” "outlook" or similar words as well as specific projections of future results, generally qualify as forward-looking. Aflac undertakes no obligation to update such forward-looking statements.

The company cautions readers that the following factors, in addition to other factors mentioned from time to time, could cause actual results to differ materially from those contemplated by the forward-looking statements:

•difficult conditions in global capital markets and the economy, including inflation

•defaults and credit downgrades of investments

•global fluctuations in interest rates and exposure to significant interest rate risk

•concentration of business in Japan

•limited availability of acceptable yen-denominated investments

•foreign currency fluctuations in the yen/dollar exchange rate

•differing interpretations applied to investment valuations

•significant valuation judgments in determination of expected credit losses recorded on the Company's investments

•decreases in the Company's financial strength or debt ratings

•decline in creditworthiness of other financial institutions

•the Company's ability to attract and retain qualified sales associates, brokers, employees, and distribution partners

•deviations in actual experience from pricing and reserving assumptions

•ability to continue to develop and implement improvements in information technology systems and on successful execution of revenue growth and expense management initiatives

•interruption in telecommunication, information technology and other operational systems, or a failure to maintain the security, confidentiality, integrity or privacy of sensitive data residing on such systems, and uncertainty regarding the impact of the incident involving unauthorized access to the Company’s network in June 2025

•subsidiaries' ability to pay dividends to the Parent Company

•inherent limitations to risk management policies and procedures

•operational risks of third-party vendors

•tax rates applicable to the Company may change

•failure to comply with restrictions on policyholder privacy and information security

•extensive regulation and changes in law or regulation by governmental authorities

•competitive environment and ability to anticipate and respond to market trends

•catastrophic events, including, but not limited to, as a result of climate change, epidemics, pandemics, tornadoes, hurricanes, earthquakes, tsunamis, war or other military action, major public health issues, terrorism or other acts of violence, and damage incidental to such events

•ability to protect the Aflac brand and the Company's reputation

•ability to effectively manage key executive succession

•changes in accounting standards

•level and outcome of litigation or regulatory inquiries

•allegations or determinations of worker misclassification in the United States

Non-U.S. GAAP Financial Measures and Reconciliations

This document includes references to the Company’s financial performance measures which are not calculated in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) (non-U.S. GAAP). The financial

measures exclude items that the Company believes may obscure the underlying fundamentals and trends in insurance operations because they tend to be driven by general economic conditions and events or related to infrequent activities not directly associated with insurance operations.

Definitions of the Company’s non-U.S. GAAP financial measures and applicable reconciliations to the most comparable U.S. GAAP measures are provided in the presentation slides that accompany this transcript.

Due to the size of Aflac Japan, where the functional currency is the Japanese yen, fluctuations in the yen/dollar exchange rate can have a significant effect on reported results. In periods when the yen weakens, translating yen into dollars results in fewer dollars being reported. When the yen strengthens, translating yen into dollars results in more dollars being reported. Consequently, yen weakening has the effect of suppressing current period results in relation to the comparable prior period, while yen strengthening has the effect of magnifying current period results in relation to the comparable prior period. A significant portion of the Company’s business is conducted in yen and never converted into dollars but translated into dollars for U.S. GAAP reporting purposes, which results in foreign currency impact to earnings, cash flows and book value on a U.S. GAAP basis. Management evaluates the Company's financial performance both including and excluding the impact of foreign currency translation to monitor, respectively, cumulative currency impacts and the currency-neutral operating performance over time. The average yen/dollar exchange rate is based on the published MUFG Bank, Ltd. telegraphic transfer middle rate (TTM).

Max K. Brodén

Q2 2025 CFO Video Update

August 5, 2025

Thank you for joining me as I provide a financial update on Aflac Incorporated's results.

For the second quarter of 2025, adjusted earnings per diluted share decreased 2.7% year over year to $1.78, with a $0.04 positive impact from FX in the quarter. In this quarter, remeasurement gains on reserves totaled $37 million, reducing benefits. Variable investment income ran $35 million below our long-term return expectations, while one make-whole call generated income of $35 million.

Adjusted book value per share excluding foreign currency remeasurement increased 5.2%. The adjusted ROE was 13.7%, and 16.4% excluding foreign currency remeasurement, an acceptable spread to our cost of capital. Overall, we view these results in the quarter as solid.

Starting with our Japan segment, net earned premiums for the quarter declined 4.8%. Aflac Japan's underlying earned premiums,1 which excludes the impact of deferred profit liability, paid-up policies and reinsurance, declined 1.1%. We believe this metric better provides insight into long-term premium trends.

Japan’s total benefit ratio came in at 66.5% for the quarter, down 40 basis points year over year. The third sector benefit ratio was 57.4% for the quarter, also down approximately 40 basis points year over year. We estimate the impact from remeasurement gains to be 83 basis points favorable to the benefit ratio in Q2 2025. Long-term experience trends, as they relate to treatments of cancer and hospitalization, continue to be in place, leading to continued favorable underwriting experience.

Persistency remained solid at 93.7%, which was up approximately 40 basis points year over year and in line with our expectations.

Our expense ratio in Japan was 20.6% for the quarter, up 280 basis points year over year, driven primarily by an increase in technology expenses.

For the quarter, adjusted net investment income in yen terms was down 10.5%, primarily driven by lower floating rate income, the impact of foreign currency on USD investments in yen terms and lower variable investment income, somewhat offset by higher call income, and higher returns from USD fixed rate portfolios.

The pretax margin for Japan in the quarter was 32.0%, down 330 basis points year over year, but a very good result.

Turning to U.S. results, net earned premium was up 3.4%. Persistency increased 50 basis points year over year to 79.2%.

Our total benefit ratio came in at 47.3%, 60 basis points higher than Q2 2024, driven by business mix. We estimate that remeasurement gains were in line with a year ago and favorably impacted the benefit ratio by 160 basis points in the quarter, as claims have remained below our long-term expectations. In the quarter, we benefited from favorable underwriting on our small but growing long-term disability block.

Our expense ratio in the U.S. was 36.3%, down 60 basis points year over year, primarily driven by platforms improving scale and continual focus on expense efficiency.

1Aflac Japan's underlying earned premiums is a measure that is calculated in Japanese yen and adjusts Aflac Japan’s net earned premiums for significant variables including the increase in paid-up policies between beginning of the comparable period and the end of the period presented, the change in deferred profit liability on limited payment contracts, and all Aflac Japan ceded premiums through both internal and external reinsurance. The change in Aflac Japan’s underlying earned premiums is reflected as a percentage change. The Company believes this measure is useful for investors to understand the impacts these items have on Aflac Japan's net earned premiums.

Our growth initiatives – group life & disability, network dental and vision and direct to consumer – increased our total expense ratio by 70 basis points for the quarter. This is in line with our expectations, and we would expect this impact to decrease as we continue to approach scale.

Adjusted net investment income in the U.S. was down 5.0% for the quarter primarily driven by lower floating rate income.

Profitability in the U.S. segment was very strong, with a pretax margin of 22.5%, a 20 basis points decline compared with a strong quarter a year ago.

In our corporate segment, we recorded a pretax gain of $20 million. Adjusted net investment income was $37 million higher than last year due to a combination of lower volume of tax credit investments and higher asset balances, which included the impact of the internal reinsurance transaction in Q4 2024. Our tax credit investments impacted the corporate net investment income line for U.S. GAAP purposes negatively by $8 million in the quarter with an associated credit to the tax line. The net impact to our bottom line was a positive $1 million in the quarter. To date, these investments are performing well and in line with our expectations. Higher total adjusted revenues were offset by higher total benefits and adjusted expenses of $90 million driven primarily by internal reinsurance activity, higher costs pertaining to business operations, and higher interest expense.

During the quarter, we raised debt of ¥150 billion, which translates into slightly over $1.0 billion to prefund our 2026 maturities and to create liquidity and capital flexibility at the Parent Company. This debt issuance combined with a significant dividend from Aflac Japan increased our unencumbered holding company liquidity to $5.1 billion, which was $3.4 billion above our minimum balance.

Our capital position remains strong. We ended the quarter with an SMR above 900% and estimated regulatory ESR above 240% following the previously mentioned dividend. While not finalized, we estimate our combined RBC to be greater than 600%. These are strong capital ratios, which we actively monitor, stress and manage to withstand credit cycles as well as external shocks.

We repurchased $829 million of our own stock and paid dividends of $312 million in Q2, offering good relative IRR on these capital deployments. We will continue to be flexible and tactical in how we manage the balance sheet and deploy capital in order to drive strong risk-adjusted ROE with a meaningful spread to our cost of capital.

During the quarter, we increased our CECL reserves associated with our commercial real estate portfolio by $33 million net of charge offs as property values remain at distressed valuations. We also foreclosed on three loans, adding them to our real estate owned portfolio consistent with our strategy for maximizing recovery values.

Our portfolio of first lien senior secured middle market loans continued to perform well with decreased CECL reserves of $23 million in the quarter net of charge offs.

For U.S. statutory, we recorded a $7 million valuation allowance on mortgage loans as an unrealized loss during the quarter. On a Japan FSA basis, there were no securities impairments in Q2, but we did book a net realized gain of ¥17 million related to transitional real estate loans. This is well within our expectations and has a limited impact on regulatory earnings and capital.

Our leverage was 22.5% for the quarter, which is within our target range of 20% to 25%. As we hold approximately 65% of our debt in yen, this leverage ratio is impacted by moves in the yen/dollar exchange rate. This is intentional and part of our enterprise hedging program – protecting the economic value of Aflac Japan in U.S. dollar terms.

I would like to reiterate our approach to managing foreign currency exposure. Fundamentally, we size our unhedged U.S. dollar exposure to the estimated economic surplus associated with our Japanese business. At the end of Q2, we held $27.1 billion of USD assets in our Japan general account – forward contracts at Inc. with a notional balance of $1.9 billion and $5.7 billion of yen-denominated debt. We also hold $25.0 billion of notional of out of the money put options, which provide tail protection against a large appreciation in the yen. Adding this up, we feel that we are very well-positioned on an economic basis.

Thank you. I look forward to discussing our results in further detail on tomorrow's earnings call.