þ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
o | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
Delaware | 11-1988350 | |
(State or other jurisdiction of | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.) | |
incorporation or organization) | ||
World Financial Center | ||
200 Vesey Street | ||
New York, New York | 10285 | |
(Address of principal executive offices) | (Zip Code) |
Large accelerated filer o | Accelerated filer o | Non-accelerated filer þ | Smaller reporting company o |
Class | Outstanding at November 9, 2011 | |
Common Stock (par value $.10 per share)
|
1,504,938 Shares |
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7 | ||||||||
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28 | ||||||||
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E-1 | ||||||||
EX-12.1 | ||||||||
EX-12.2 | ||||||||
EX-31.1 | ||||||||
EX-31.2 | ||||||||
EX-32.1 | ||||||||
EX-32.2 | ||||||||
EX-101 INSTANCE DOCUMENT | ||||||||
EX-101 SCHEMA DOCUMENT | ||||||||
EX-101 CALCULATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT | ||||||||
EX-101 LABELS LINKBASE DOCUMENT | ||||||||
EX-101 PRESENTATION LINKBASE DOCUMENT |
ITEM 1. | FINANCIAL STATEMENTS |
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||
Revenues |
||||||||||||||||
Discount revenue earned from purchased
cardmember
receivables and loans |
$ | 88 | $ | 87 | $ | 321 | $ | 319 | ||||||||
Interest income from affiliates |
128 | 119 | 376 | 339 | ||||||||||||
Interest income from investments |
2 | 9 | 4 | 28 | ||||||||||||
Finance revenue |
9 | 10 | 28 | 30 | ||||||||||||
Total revenues |
227 | 225 | 729 | 716 | ||||||||||||
Expenses |
||||||||||||||||
Provisions for losses |
(8 | ) | 11 | 43 | 85 | |||||||||||
Interest expense |
181 | 158 | 510 | 416 | ||||||||||||
Interest expense to affiliates |
2 | 4 | 9 | 12 | ||||||||||||
Other, net |
(49 | ) | (20 | ) | (107 | ) | (50 | ) | ||||||||
Total expenses |
126 | 153 | 455 | 463 | ||||||||||||
Pretax income |
101 | 72 | 274 | 253 | ||||||||||||
Income tax benefit |
(18 | ) | (10 | ) | (21 | ) | (16 | ) | ||||||||
Net income |
119 | 82 | 295 | 269 | ||||||||||||
Retained earnings at beginning of period |
3,515 | 3,500 | 3,496 | 3,408 | ||||||||||||
Dividends |
(607 | ) | (92 | ) | (764 | ) | (187 | ) | ||||||||
Retained earnings at end of period |
$ | 3,027 | $ | 3,490 | $ | 3,027 | $ | 3,490 | ||||||||
1
September 30, | December 31, | |||||||
(Millions, except share data) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Assets |
||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 52 | $ | 988 | ||||
Cardmember receivables, less reserves: 2011, $72; 2010, $112 |
12,595 | 12,261 | ||||||
Cardmember loans, less reserves: 2011, $6; 2010, $9 |
382 | 371 | ||||||
Loans to affiliates |
10,185 | 10,987 | ||||||
Deferred charges and other assets |
388 | 627 | ||||||
Due from affiliates |
6,446 | 3,987 | ||||||
Total assets |
$ | 30,048 | $ | 29,221 | ||||
Liabilities and Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Liabilities |
||||||||
Short-term debt |
$ | 839 | $ | 645 | ||||
Short-term debt to affiliates |
3,916 | 3,781 | ||||||
Long-term debt |
20,953 | 18,983 | ||||||
Total debt |
25,708 | 23,409 | ||||||
Due to affiliates |
779 | 1,742 | ||||||
Accrued interest and other liabilities |
467 | 507 | ||||||
Total liabilities |
26,954 | 25,658 | ||||||
Shareholders Equity |
||||||||
Common stock, $.10 par value, authorized 3 million shares;
issued and outstanding 1.5 million shares |
| | ||||||
Additional paid-in-capital |
162 | 162 | ||||||
Retained earnings |
3,027 | 3,496 | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of tax: 2011,
$11; 2010, $49 |
(94 | ) | (95 | ) | ||||
Net unrealized derivative losses, net of tax: 2011, $; 2010, $ |
(1 | ) | | |||||
Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
(95 | ) | (95 | ) | ||||
Total shareholders equity |
3,094 | 3,563 | ||||||
Total liabilities and shareholders equity |
$ | 30,048 | $ | 29,221 | ||||
2
Nine Months Ended September 30 (Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Cash Flows from Operating Activities |
||||||||
Net income |
$ | 295 | $ | 269 | ||||
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating
activities: |
||||||||
Provisions for losses |
43 | 85 | ||||||
Amortization and other |
3 | 23 | ||||||
Deferred taxes |
(22 | ) | 100 | |||||
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
||||||||
Due from affiliates, net |
25 | (43 | ) | |||||
Other operating assets and liabilities |
372 | 154 | ||||||
Net cash provided by operating activities |
716 | 588 | ||||||
Cash Flows from Investing Activities |
||||||||
Net increase in cardmember receivables and loans |
(343 | ) | (2,975 | ) | ||||
Maturities of investments |
| 175 | ||||||
Net decrease (increase) in loans to affiliates |
689 | (1 | ) | |||||
Net (increase) decrease in due from affiliates |
(3,505 | ) | 209 | |||||
Net cash used in investing activities |
(3,159 | ) | (2,592 | ) | ||||
Cash Flows from Financing Activities |
||||||||
Net increase in short-term debt to affiliates |
127 | 1,100 | ||||||
Net increase (decrease) in short-term debt |
197 | (90 | ) | |||||
Issuance of long-term debt |
7,322 | 2,396 | ||||||
Principal payments on long-term debt |
(5,371 | ) | (1,515 | ) | ||||
Dividends paid |
(764 | ) | (187 | ) | ||||
Net cash provided by financing activities |
1,511 | 1,704 | ||||||
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents |
(4 | ) | 4 | |||||
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
(936 | ) | (296 | ) | ||||
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
988 | 304 | ||||||
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
$ | 52 | $ | 8 | ||||
3
1. | Basis of Presentation |
American Express Credit Corporation (Credco), together with its subsidiaries, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. (TRS), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Express Company (American Express). American Express charge cards and American Express credit cards are collectively referred to herein as the Card. | ||
Credco is engaged in the business of financing non-interest-bearing cardmember receivables arising from the use of the American Express® Card, the American Express® Gold Card, Platinum Card®, Corporate Card and other American Express cards issued in the United States and in certain countries outside the United States. Credco also finances certain interest-bearing and discounted revolving loans generated by cardmember spending on American Express credit cards issued in non-U.S. markets, although interest-bearing and revolving loans are primarily funded by subsidiaries of TRS other than Credco. | ||
Credco executes material transactions with its affiliates. The agreements between Credco and its affiliates provide that the parties intend that the transactions thereunder be conducted on an arms length basis; however, there can be no assurance that the terms of these arrangements are the same as would be negotiated between independent, unrelated parties. | ||
American Express provides Credco with financial support with respect to maintenance of its minimum overall 1.25 fixed charge coverage ratio, which is achieved by adjusting the discount rates on the purchases of receivables Credco makes from, and the interest rates on the loans Credco provides to, TRS and other American Express subsidiaries. Each monthly period, the discount and interest rates are adjusted to generate income for Credco that is sufficient to maintain its minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. | ||
The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K) of Credco for the year ended December 31, 2010. Significant accounting policies disclosed therein have not changed. | ||
The interim consolidated financial information in this report has not been audited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial position and the consolidated results of operations for the interim periods have been made. All adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Results of operations reported for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year. | ||
Accounting estimates are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements. These estimates are based, in part, on managements assumptions concerning future events. Among the more significant assumptions are those that relate to reserves for cardmember losses relating to cardmember receivables and loans, fair value measurement and income taxes. These accounting estimates reflect the best judgment of management, but actual results could differ. |
2. | Fair Values |
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, and is based on Credcos principal or most advantageous market for the specific asset or liability. | ||
U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) provide for a three-level hierarchy of inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, defined as follows: |
| Level 1 Inputs that are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets. | ||
| Level 2 Inputs other than quoted prices included within Level 1 that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the asset or liability, including: |
- | Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets | ||
- | Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active | ||
- | Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability | ||
- | Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means |
4
| Level 3 Inputs that are unobservable and reflect Credcos own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability based on the best information available in the circumstances (e.g., internally derived assumptions surrounding the timing and amount of expected cash flows). |
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value | ||
The following table summarizes Credcos financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, categorized by GAAPs valuation hierarchy as Level 2 (as described in the preceding paragraphs), as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010: |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | |||||
Assets: |
|||||||
Derivatives(a) |
$ | 668 | $ | 498 | |||
Total assets |
$ | 668 | $ | 498 | |||
Liabilities: |
|||||||
Derivatives(a) |
$ | 127 | $ | 81 | |||
Total liabilities |
$ | 127 | $ | 81 | |||
(a) | Refer to Note 6 for the fair values of derivative assets and liabilities on a further disaggregated basis as well as the netting of both (i) cash collateral received or posted under credit support agreements and (ii) derivative assets and derivative liabilities under master netting agreements. These balances have been presented gross in the table above. |
Credco did not measure any financial instruments at fair value using significantly unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 or during the year ended December 31, 2010 nor were there transfers between levels of the valuation hierarchy during those periods. | ||
GAAP requires disclosure of the estimated fair value of all financial instruments. A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership in an entity, or a contract between two entities to deliver cash or another financial instrument or to exchange other financial instruments. The disclosure requirements for the fair value of financial instruments exclude leases, equity method investments, affiliate investments, pension and benefit obligations, insurance contracts and all non-financial instruments. | ||
Valuation Techniques Used in Measuring Fair Value | ||
For the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (categorized in the valuation hierarchy table above), Credco applies the following valuation techniques to measure fair value: | ||
Derivative Financial Instruments | ||
The fair value of Credcos derivative financial instruments, which could be presented as either assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is estimated either by third-party valuation services that use proprietary pricing models or by internal pricing models. The pricing models do not contain a high level of subjectivity as the valuation techniques used do not require significant judgment, and inputs to those models are readily observable from actively quoted markets. The pricing models used are consistently applied and reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period of maturity, and market-based parameters such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity indices or prices, and volatility. | ||
Credit valuation adjustments are necessary when the market parameters, such as a benchmark curve, used to value derivatives are not indicative of the credit quality of Credco or its counterparties. Credco considers the counterparty credit risk by applying an observable forecasted default rate to the current exposure, which is adjusted by agreements to exchange collateral and/or net derivative assets and derivative liabilities, as applicable. Refer to Note 6 for additional fair value information. |
5
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value | ||
The following table discloses the estimated fair value for Credcos financial assets and financial liabilities that are not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010: |
2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||
Carrying | Fair | Carrying | Fair | ||||||||||||
(Billions) | Value | Value | Value | Value | |||||||||||
Financial Assets: |
|||||||||||||||
Assets for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value |
$ | 19 | $ | 19 | $ | 18 | $ | 18 | |||||||
Loans to affiliates |
$ | 10 | $ | 10 | $ | 11 | $ | 11 | |||||||
Financial Liabilities: |
|||||||||||||||
Liabilities for which carrying values equal or approximate fair
value |
$ | 6 | $ | 6 | $ | 7 | $ | 7 | |||||||
Long-term debt |
$ | 21 | $ | 21 | $ | 19 | $ | 19 |
The fair values of these financial instruments are estimates based upon the market conditions and perceived risks as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and require management judgment. These figures may not be indicative of their future fair values. The fair value of Credco cannot be reliably estimated by aggregating the amounts presented. | ||
The following methods were used to determine estimated fair values: | ||
Financial Assets for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value | ||
Financial assets for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include cash and cash equivalents, cardmember receivables, cardmember loans, due from affiliates, accrued interest and certain other assets. For these assets, the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration or variable rate in nature. | ||
Financial Assets Carried at Other Than Fair Value | ||
Loans to affiliates | ||
Loans to affiliates are recorded at historical cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated based on either the fair value of the underlying collateral or the terms implicit in the loan agreements as compared with current market terms for similar loans. | ||
Financial Liabilities for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value | ||
Financial liabilities for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include short-term debt, short-term debt to affiliates, accrued interest, and certain other liabilities for which the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration, variable rate in nature or have no defined maturity. | ||
Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value | ||
Long-term debt | ||
Long-term debt is recorded at historical issuance cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated using either quoted market prices or discounted cash flows based on Credcos current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowings. |
6
3. | Cardmember Receivables and Loans |
Cardmember Receivables | ||
Cardmember receivables representing amounts due from American Express charge payment product customers, are recorded at the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant. Each charge card transaction is authorized based on its likely economics reflecting a cardmembers most recent credit information and spend patterns. Global limits are established to limit the maximum exposure for American Express from high risk and some high spend charge cardmembers and accounts of high risk, out of pattern charge cardmembers can be monitored even if they are current. Charge card customers generally must pay the full amount billed each month. | ||
Credco records these cardmember receivables at the time they are purchased from TRS and certain of its subsidiaries that issue the Card (card issuers). Cardmember receivable balances are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of reserves for losses (refer to Note 4), and typically include principal and any related accrued fees. Cardmember receivables also include participation interests purchased from an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables represent undivided interests in the cash flows of the non-interest-bearing cardmember receivables and are purchased without recourse by Credco Receivables Corporation (CRC), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Credco, from American Express Receivables Financing Corporation V LLC (RFC V). As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, CRC owned approximately $3.2 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, of participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from RFC V. | ||
Cardmember receivables as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consisted of: |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | |||||
U.S. Consumer and Small Business Services |
$ | 2,974 | $ | 3,497 | |||
International and Global Commercial Services(a) |
9,693 | 8,876 | |||||
Cardmember receivables, gross |
12,667 | 12,373 | |||||
Less: Cardmember receivables reserve for losses |
72 | 112 | |||||
Cardmember receivables, net(b) |
$ | 12,595 | $ | 12,261 | |||
(a) | International is comprised of consumer and small business services. | ||
(b) | Cardmember receivables modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) program were immaterial. |
Cardmember Loans | ||
Cardmember loans represent amounts due from customers of American Express and certain of its affiliates lending payment products. For American Express, these cardmember loans are recorded at the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant or when a charge card customer enters into an extended payment arrangement. American Express lending portfolios primarily include revolving loans to cardmembers obtained through either credit card accounts or the lending on charge feature of their charge card accounts. These loans have a range of terms such as credit limits, interest rates, fees and payment structures, which can be adjusted over time based on new information about cardmembers and in accordance with applicable regulations and the respective products terms and conditions. Cardmembers holding revolving loans are typically required to make monthly payments greater than or equal to certain pre-established amounts. The amounts that cardmembers choose to revolve are subject to finance charges. When cardmembers fall behind on their required payments, their accounts are monitored. | ||
Credco records these cardmember loans at the time they are purchased from TRS and certain of its affiliates. Cardmember loans are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of reserves for cardmember losses and include accrued interest and fees receivable. Credcos policy generally is to cease accruing for interest receivable on a cardmember loan at the time the account is written off. Credco establishes reserves for interest that Credco believes will not be collected. |
7
Cardmember loans, consisting of loans in the International card services portfolio, as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were as follows: |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | |||||
Cardmember loans, gross |
$ | 388 | $ | 380 | |||
Less: Cardmember loans reserve for losses |
6 | 9 | |||||
Cardmember loans, net(a) |
$ | 382 | $ | 371 | |||
(a) | Cardmember loans modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) program were immaterial. |
Cardmember Receivables and Cardmember Loans Aging | ||
Generally, a cardmember account is considered past due if payment is not received within 30 days after the billing statement date. The following table represents the aging of cardmember receivables and cardmember loans as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010: |
30-59 | 60-89 | ||||||||||||||||||
Days | Days | 90+ Days | |||||||||||||||||
2011 (Millions) | Current | Past Due | Past Due | Past Due | Total | ||||||||||||||
Cardmember Receivables: |
|||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Consumer and Small Business Services |
$ | 2,923 | $ | 24 | $ | 9 | $ | 18 | $ | 2,974 | |||||||||
International and Global Commercial Services
(a) |
(b | ) | (b | ) | (b | ) | 72 | 9,693 | |||||||||||
Cardmember Loans: |
|||||||||||||||||||
International Card Services (c) |
$ | 377 | $ | 6 | $ | 2 | $ | 3 | $ | 388 |
30-59 | 60-89 | ||||||||||||||||||
Days | Days | 90+ Days | |||||||||||||||||
2010 (Millions) | Current | Past Due | Past Due | Past Due | Total | ||||||||||||||
Cardmember Receivables: |
|||||||||||||||||||
U.S. Consumer and Small Business Services |
$ | 3,453 | $ | 18 | $ | 8 | $ | 18 | $ | 3,497 | |||||||||
International and Global Commercial Services
(a) |
(b | ) | (b | ) | (b | ) | 76 | 8,876 | |||||||||||
Cardmember Loans: |
|||||||||||||||||||
International Card Services (c) |
$ | 367 | $ | 7 | $ | 2 | $ | 4 | $ | 380 |
(a) | For cardmember receivables in International and Global Commercial Services, delinquency data is tracked based on days past billing status rather than days past due. A cardmember account is considered 90 days past billing if payment has not been received within 90 days of the cardmembers billing statement date. In addition, if collection procedures are initiated on an account prior to the account becoming 90 days past billing, the associated cardmember receivable balance is considered as 90 days past billing. These amounts are shown above as 90+ Days Past Due for presentation purposes. | ||
(b) | Historically, data for periods prior to 90 days past billing are not available due to system constraints. Therefore, it has not been utilized for risk management purposes. The balances that are current to 89 days past due can be derived as the difference between the Total and the 90+ Days Past Due balances. | ||
(c) | Cardmember loans over 90 days past due continue to accrue interest. |
8
Credit Quality Indicators for Cardmember Receivables and Cardmember Loans | ||
The following tables present the key credit quality indicators as of or for the nine months ended September 30: |
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||
30 Days | 30 Days | |||||||||||||||
Net | Past Due | Net | Past Due | |||||||||||||
Write-off | as a % of | Write-off | as a % of | |||||||||||||
Rate | (a) | Total | Rate | (a) | Total | |||||||||||
U.S. Consumer and Small Business Services Cardmember Receivables |
1.36 | % | 1.70 | % | 1.48 | % | 1.53 | % | ||||||||
International Card Services Cardmember Loans |
0.57 | % | 2.84 | % | 2.39 | % | 3.69 | % | ||||||||
|
||||||||||||||||
2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||
Net Loss | 90 Days | Net Loss | 90 Days | |||||||||||||
Ratio as a | Past | Ratio as a | Past | |||||||||||||
% of | Billing | % of | Billing | |||||||||||||
Charge | as a % of | Charge | as a % of | |||||||||||||
Volume | (b)(c) | Receivables | Volume | (b)(c) | Receivables | |||||||||||
International and Global Commercial Services Cardmember Receivables |
0.04 | % | 0.74 | % | 0.13 | % | 0.80 | % |
(a) | Credcos write-offs, net of recoveries, represent the amount of cardmember receivables or cardmember loans owned by Credco that are written off, consisting of principal, interest and/or fees, expressed as a percentage of the average cardmember receivables or cardmember loans balances during the period. | ||
(b) | Credcos write-offs, net of recoveries, represent the amount of cardmember receivables owned by Credco that are written off, consisting of principal and fees, expressed as a percentage of the volume of cardmember receivables purchased by Credco during the period. | ||
(c) | Effective January 1, 2010, American Express revised the time period in which past due cardmember receivables for its International Card Services and Global Commercial Services segments are written off to 180 days past due or earlier, consistent with applicable bank regulatory guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for U.S. Consumer and Small Business receivables in the fourth quarter of 2008. Previously, these cardmember receivables were written off when 360 days past billing. Therefore, the net write-offs for the first quarter of 2010 include net write-offs resulting from this write-off methodology change, which decreased the 90 days past billing metrics and increased net loss ratios, but did not have a significant impact on provisions for losses. |
Refer to Note 4 for other factors, including external environmental factors, that management considers as part of its evaluation of reserves for losses. |
4. | Reserves for Losses | |
Reserves for Losses Cardmember Receivables and Loans | ||
Reserves for losses relating to cardmember receivables and loans represent managements best estimate of the losses inherent in Credcos outstanding portfolios. Credcos total provisions for losses were $43 million and $85 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Managements evaluation process requires certain estimates and judgments. | ||
Reserves for these losses are primarily based upon models that analyze portfolio performance and reflect managements judgment regarding overall reserve adequacy. The analytic models take into account several factors, including average losses and recoveries over an appropriate historical period. Management considers whether to adjust the analytic models for specific factors such as increased risk in certain portfolios, impact of risk management initiatives on portfolio performance and concentration of credit risk based on factors such as tenure, industry or geographic regions. In addition, management adjusts the reserves for losses on cardmember loans for other external environmental factors including leading economic and market indicators, such as the unemployment rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), home price indices, non-farm payrolls, personal consumption expenditures index, consumer confidence index, purchasing managers index, bankruptcy filings and the legal and regulatory environment. Generally, due to the short-term nature of cardmember receivables, the impact of additional external factors on the inherent losses within the |
9
cardmember receivables portfolio is not significant. As part of this evaluation process, management also considers various reserve coverage metrics, such as reserves as a percentage of past-due amounts, reserves as a percentage of cardmember receivables or loans and net write-off coverage. | ||
Cardmember loans and receivables balances are written off when management deems amounts to be uncollectible and is generally determined by the number of days past due, which is generally no later than 180 days past due. Cardmember loans and receivables in bankruptcy or owed by deceased individuals are written off upon notification. Recoveries are recognized on a cash basis. | ||
Changes in Cardmember Receivables Reserve for Losses | ||
The following table presents changes in the cardmember receivables reserve for losses for the nine months ended September 30: |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 112 | $ | 141 | ||||
Additions: |
||||||||
Cardmember receivables provisions(a) |
45 | 82 | ||||||
Other credits(b) |
23 | 26 | ||||||
Deductions: |
||||||||
Cardmember receivables net write-offs(c) |
(92 | ) | (142 | ) | ||||
Other debits(d) |
(16 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||
Balance, September 30(e) |
$ | 72 | $ | 106 | ||||
(a) | Represents loss provisions for cardmember receivables consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions) and fee reserve components. | ||
(b) | Primarily represents reserve balances applicable to participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from an affiliate totaled $2.7 billion and $2.6 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. | ||
(c) | Represents write-offs consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions) and fee components, less recoveries of $74 million and $83 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. | ||
(d) | Primarily relates to reserves for losses attributable to participation interests in cardmember receivables sold to an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables sold to an affiliate totaled $2.2 billion and nil for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. | ||
(e) | Volume of receivables purchased was $130 billion and $115 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. |
Changes in Cardmember Loans Reserve for Losses | ||
The following table presents changes in the cardmember loans reserve for losses for the nine months ended September 30: |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 9 | $ | 19 | ||||
Additions: |
||||||||
Cardmember loans provisions(a) |
(2 | ) | 3 | |||||
Deductions: |
||||||||
Cardmember loans net write-offs(b) |
(1 | ) | (9 | ) | ||||
Other debits(c) |
| (3 | ) | |||||
Balance, September 30(d) |
$ | 6 | $ | 10 | ||||
(a) | Represents loss provisions for cardmember loans consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions), interest and fee reserves components. | ||
(b) | Cardmember loans net write-offs include recoveries of $5 million and $7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. | ||
(c) | These amounts include foreign currency translation adjustments. | ||
(d) | Volume of loans purchased was $2 billion for both the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. |
10
5. | Comprehensive Income (Loss) | |
Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income and changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), which is a balance sheet item in the Shareholders Equity section of Credcos Consolidated Balance Sheets. AOCI is comprised of items that have not been recognized in earnings but may be recognized in earnings in the future when certain events occur. The components of comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, were as follows: |
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||
September 30, | September 30, | |||||||||||||||
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 119 | $ | 82 | $ | 295 | $ | 269 | ||||||||
Other comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||
Net unrealized securities losses |
| (4 | ) | | (12 | ) | ||||||||||
Net unrealized derivatives (loss) gains |
(1 | ) | 2 | (1 | ) | 3 | ||||||||||
Foreign currency translation adjustments |
(150 | ) | 357 | 1 | 67 | |||||||||||
Total |
$ | (32 | ) | $ | 437 | $ | 295 | $ | 327 | |||||||
6. | Derivatives and Hedging Activities | |
Credco uses derivative financial instruments (derivatives) to manage exposure to various market risks. Market risk is the risk to earnings or value resulting from movements in market prices. Credcos market risk exposure is primarily generated by: |
| Interest rate risk in its funding activities; and | ||
| Foreign exchange risk in its operations outside the United States. |
General principles and the overall framework for managing market risk across American Express and its subsidiaries, including Credco, are defined in the Market Risk Policy, which is the responsibility of the Asset-Liability Committee (ALCO). Market risk limits and escalation triggers in that policy are approved by the ALCO and by the Enterprise-wide Risk Management Committee (ERMC). Market risk is centrally monitored for compliance with policy and limits by the Market Risk Committee, which reports into the ALCO and is chaired by the Chief Market Risk Officer of American Express. Market risk management is also guided by policies covering the use of derivatives, funding and liquidity and investments. | ||
Derivatives derive their value from an underlying variable or multiple variables, including interest rate and foreign exchange rate. These instruments enable end users to increase, reduce or alter exposure to various market risks and, for that reason, are an integral component of Credcos market risk management. Credco does not engage in derivatives for trading purposes. | ||
Interest rate exposure within Credcos charge card and fixed-rate lending products is managed by varying the proportion of total funding provided by short-term and variable-rate debt compared to fixed-rate debt. In addition, interest rate swaps are used from time to time to synthetically convert fixed-rate debt obligations to variable-rate obligations or to convert variable-rate debt obligations to fixed-rate obligations. Credco may change the mix between variable-rate and fixed-rate funding based on changes in business volumes and mix, among other factors. | ||
Foreign exchange risk is generated by (i) funding foreign currency cardmember receivables and loans with U.S. dollars and (ii) foreign subsidiary equity and foreign currency earnings in units outside the United States. Credco hedges this market exposure to the extent it is economically justified through various means, including the use of derivatives such as foreign exchange forwards and cross-currency swap contracts, which can help lock-in the value of Credcos exposure to specific currencies. Exposures from foreign subsidiary equity in Credcos units outside the United States are hedged through various means, including the use of foreign currency debt and foreign exchange forwards executed either by Credco or TRS. | ||
Derivatives may give rise to counterparty credit risk, which is the risk that a derivative counterparty will default on, or otherwise be unable to perform pursuant to, an uncollateralized derivative exposure. Credco manages this risk by considering the current exposure, which is the replacement cost of contracts on the measurement date, as well as |
11
estimating the maximum potential value of the contracts over the next 12 months, considering such factors as the volatility of the underlying or reference index. To mitigate derivative credit risk, counterparties are required to be pre-approved and rated as investment grade. Counterparty risk exposures are monitored by American Express Institutional Risk Management Committee (IRMC). The IRMC formally reviews large institutional exposures to ensure compliance with American Express ERMC guidelines and procedures and determines the risk mitigation actions, when necessary. Additionally, in order to mitigate the bilateral counterparty credit risk associated with derivatives, Credco has in certain instances entered into master netting agreements with its derivative counterparties that provide a right of offset for certain exposures between the parties. To further mitigate bilateral counterparty credit risk, during the third quarter of 2011 Credco exercised its rights under executed credit support agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties. These agreements require that, in the event the fair value change in the net derivatives position between the two parties exceeds certain dollar thresholds, the party in the net liability position posts collateral to its counterparty. | ||
In relation to Credcos credit risk, under the terms of the derivative agreements it has with its various counterparties, Credco is not required to either immediately settle any outstanding liability balances or post collateral upon the occurrence of a specified credit risk-related event. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the counterparty credit risk associated with Credcos derivatives was not significant. | ||
Credcos derivatives are carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The accounting for changes in fair value depends on the instruments intended use and the resulting hedge designation, if any, as discussed below. Refer to Note 2 for a description of Credcos methodology for determining the fair value of its derivatives. | ||
The following table summarizes the total gross fair value, excluding interest accruals, of derivative assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010: |
Deferred Charges and | Accrued Interest and | |||||||||||||||
Other Assets | Other Liabilities | |||||||||||||||
Fair Value | Fair Value | |||||||||||||||
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||
Derivatives designated as hedging instruments: |
||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
||||||||||||||||
Fair value hedges |
$ | 530 | $ | 444 | $ | 2 | $ | 38 | ||||||||
Cash flow hedges |
| 2 | 1 | 2 | ||||||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
||||||||||||||||
Net investment hedges |
79 | | | 16 | ||||||||||||
Total derivatives designated as hedging instruments |
$ | 609 | $ | 446 | $ | 3 | $ | 56 | ||||||||
Derivatives not designated as hedging instruments: |
||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
$ | 1 | $ | 1 | $ | 3 | $ | 3 | ||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
58 | 51 | 121 | 22 | ||||||||||||
Total derivatives not designated as hedging instruments |
$ | 59 | $ | 52 | $ | 124 | $ | 25 | ||||||||
Total derivatives gross |
$ | 668 | $ | 498 | $ | 127 | $ | 81 | ||||||||
Cash collateral netting(a) |
(345 | ) | | | | |||||||||||
Derivative asset and derivative liability netting(a) |
(11 | ) | (1 | ) | (11 | ) | (1 | ) | ||||||||
Total derivatives, net |
$ | 312 | $ | 497 | $ | 116 | $ | 80 | ||||||||
(a) | As permitted under GAAP, balances represent the netting of cash collateral received and posted under credit support agreements, and the netting of derivative assets and derivative liabilities under master netting agreements. |
Derivative Financial Instruments that Qualify for Hedge Accounting | ||
Derivatives executed for hedge accounting purposes are documented and designated as such when Credco enters into the contracts. In accordance with its risk management policies, Credco structures its hedges with very similar terms to the hedged items. Credco formally assesses, at inception of the hedge accounting relationship and on a quarterly basis, whether derivatives designated as hedges are highly effective in offsetting the fair value or cash flows of the hedged |
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items. These assessments usually are made through the application of a regression analysis method. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, Credco will discontinue the application of hedge accounting. | ||
Fair Value Hedges | ||
A fair value hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge Credcos exposure to future changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability, or an identified portion thereof that is attributable to a particular risk. Credco is exposed to interest rate risk associated with its fixed-rate long-term debt. Credco uses interest rate swaps to synthetically convert certain fixed-rate long-term debt obligations to floating-rate obligations at the time of issuance. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, Credco hedged $10.6 billion and $8.9 billion, respectively, of its fixed-rate debt to floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps. |
To the extent the fair value hedge is effective, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument offsets the loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. Any difference between the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item is referred to as hedge ineffectiveness and is reflected in earnings as a component of other, net expenses. Hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by differences between the debts interest coupon and the benchmark rate, which are primarily due to credit spreads at inception of the hedging relationship that are not reflected in the valuation of the interest rate swap. Furthermore, hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by changes in the relationship between 3-month LIBOR and 1-month LIBOR rates, as these so-called basis spreads may impact the valuation of the interest rate swap without causing an offsetting impact in the value of the hedged debt. If a fair value hedge is de-designated or no longer considered to be effective, changes in fair value of the derivative continue to be recorded through earnings but the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value due to changes in interest rates. The existing basis adjustment of the hedged asset or liability is then amortized or accreted as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of that asset or liability. | ||
The following table summarizes the impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings associated with Credcos hedges of fixed-rate long-term debt: |
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative contract | Hedged item | Net hedge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Amount | ineffectiveness | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Relationship | Location | 2011 | 2010 | Location | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
Other, net expenses | $ | 108 | $ | 100 | Other, net expenses | $ | (97 | ) | $ | (106 | ) | $ | 11 | $ | (6 | ) |
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative contract | Hedged item | Net hedge | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | Amount | ineffectiveness | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivative Relationship | Location | 2011 | 2010 | Location | 2011 | 2010 | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
Other, net expenses | $ | 121 | $ | 300 | Other, net expenses | $ | (118 | ) | $ | (286 | ) | $ | 3 | $ | 14 |
Credco also recognized a net reduction in interest expense on long-term debt and other of $65 million and $63 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, primarily related to the net settlements (interest accruals) on Credcos interest rate derivatives designated as fair value hedges. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the impact on interest expense was a net reduction in interest expense on long-term debt and other of $191 million and $192 million, respectively. |
13
Cash Flow Hedges | ||
A cash flow hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge Credcos exposure to variable future cash flows attributable to a particular risk. Such exposures may relate to either an existing recognized asset or liability, or a forecasted transaction. Credco hedges existing long-term variable-rate debt, the rollover of short-term borrowings and the anticipated forecasted issuance of additional funding through the use of derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps. These derivative instruments synthetically convert floating-rate debt obligations to fixed-rate obligations for the duration of the instrument. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, Credco hedged $0.3 billion and $0.8 billion, respectively, of its floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps. | ||
For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivatives is recorded in AOCI and reclassified into earnings when the hedged cash flows are recognized in earnings. The amount that is reclassified into earnings is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings in the same line item in which the hedged instrument or transaction is recognized, primarily in interest expense. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivatives is reported as a component of other, net expenses. If a cash flow hedge is de-designated or terminated prior to maturity, the amount previously recorded in AOCI is recognized into earnings over the period that the hedged item impacts earnings. If a hedge relationship is discontinued because it is probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur according to the original strategy, any related amounts previously recorded in AOCI are recognized into earnings immediately. | ||
In the normal course of business, as the hedged cash flows are recognized into earnings, Credco expects to reclassify $1 million of net pretax losses on derivatives from AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months. | ||
The following table summarizes the impact of cash flow hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings: |
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
reclassified from | Net hedge | |||||||||||||||||||||||
AOCI into income | ineffectiveness | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Location | 2011 | 2010 | Location | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges:(a)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts
|
Interest expense | $ | | $ | (1 | ) | Other, net expenses | $ | | $ | |
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Amount | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
reclassified from | Net hedge | |||||||||||||||||||||||
AOCI into income | ineffectiveness | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Location | 2011 | 2010 | Location | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||||||||||||
Cash flow hedges:(a) |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest rate contracts
|
Interest expense | $ | (1 | ) | $ | (3 | ) | Other, net expenses | $ | | $ | |
(a) | During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, there were no forecasted transactions that were considered no longer probable to occur. |
Net Investment Hedges | ||
A net investment hedge is used to hedge future changes in currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Credco primarily designates foreign currency derivatives, typically foreign exchange forwards, and on occasion foreign currency denominated debt, as hedges of net investments in certain foreign operations. These instruments reduce exposure to changes in currency exchange rates on Credcos investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges recorded in AOCI, as part of the cumulative translation adjustment, was $64 million and $(18) million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the effective portion of the gain or loss on net |
14
investment hedges was $26 million and $(47) million, respectively. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges is recognized in other, net expenses during the period of change. No ineffectiveness or other amounts were reclassified from AOCI into income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010. | ||
Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges | ||
Credco has derivatives that act as economic hedges, but are not designated for hedge accounting purposes. Foreign currency transactions and non-U.S. dollar cash flow exposures from time to time may be partially or fully economically hedged through foreign currency contracts, primarily foreign exchange forwards, options and cross-currency swaps. These hedges generally mature within one year. Foreign currency contracts involve the purchase and sale of a designated currency at an agreed upon rate for settlement on a specified date. The changes in the fair value of the derivatives effectively offset the related foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying balance sheet exposures. From time to time, Credco may enter into interest rate swaps to specifically manage funding costs related to American Express proprietary card business. | ||
For derivatives that are not designated as hedges, changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings. | ||
The following table summarizes the impact of derivatives not designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings: |
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | ||||||||||
Amount | |||||||||||
Location | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
Other, net expenses | $ | (6 | ) | $ | 105 | |||||
Total |
$ | (6 | ) | $ | 105 | ||||||
(Millions) | Gains (losses) recognized in income | ||||||||||
Amount | |||||||||||
Location | 2011 | 2010 | |||||||||
Interest rate contracts |
Other, net expenses | $ | | $ | 1 | ||||||
Foreign exchange contracts |
Other, net expenses | 6 | 83 | ||||||||
Interest expense | | 43 | |||||||||
Total |
$ | 6 | $ | 127 | |||||||
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7. | Variable Interest Entity | |
Credco has established a variable interest entity (VIE), American Express Canada Credit Corporation (AECCC), used primarily to loan funds to affiliates. Credco has a shelf registration in Canada for a medium-term note program providing for the issuance of notes by AECCC. All notes issued under this program are fully guaranteed by Credco. These medium-term note issuances are the primary source of financing loans to the Canadian affiliate. Credco is considered the primary beneficiary of the entity and owns all of the outstanding voting interests and therefore, consolidates the entity in accordance with accounting guidance governing consolidation of VIEs. Total assets as of both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were $2.4 billion and are eliminated in consolidation. Total liabilities as of both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were $2.3 billion and are primarily recorded in long-term debt. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $123 million and $501 million, respectively, of liabilities were eliminated in consolidation. The assets of the VIE are not used solely to settle the obligations of the VIE. The note holders of the VIE have recourse to Credco. |
8. | Income Taxes | |
The results of operations of Credco are included in the consolidated U.S. federal income tax return of American Express. Under an agreement with TRS, provision for income taxes is recognized on a separate company basis. If benefits for net operating losses, future tax deductions and foreign tax credits cannot be recognized on a separate company basis, such benefits are then recognized based upon a share, derived by formula, of those deductions and credits that are recognizable on a TRS consolidated reporting basis. | ||
American Express is under continuous examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and tax authorities in other countries and states in which American Express has significant business operations. The tax years under examination and open for examination vary by jurisdiction. In June 2008, the IRS completed its field examination of American Express federal tax returns for the years 1997 through 2002. In July 2009, the IRS completed its field examination of American Express federal tax returns for the years 2003 and 2004. In April 2011, unagreed issues for 1997-2004 were resolved at IRS Appeals. Additional refund claims for those years continue to be reviewed by the IRS. In addition, American Express is currently under examination by the IRS for the years 2005 through 2007. | ||
Credco believes it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits could decrease within the next 12 months by as much as $590 million principally as a result of potential resolutions of prior years tax items with various taxing authorities. Of the $590 million of unrecognized tax benefits, approximately $580 million relate to amounts recorded to equity that, if recognized, would not impact the effective rate. With respect to the remaining $10 million, it is not possible to quantify the impact such changes may have on the effective tax rate and net income due to the inherent complexities and the number of tax years currently under examination. Resolution of the prior years items that comprise this remaining amount could have an impact on the effective tax rate and on net income, either favorably (principally as a result of settlements that are less than the liability for unrecognized tax benefits) or unfavorably (if such settlements exceed the liability for unrecognized tax benefits). | ||
The following table summarizes Credcos effective tax rate: |
Three Months Ended | Nine Months Ended | Year ended | ||||||||||
September 30, 2011 | September 30, 2011 | December 31, 2010 | ||||||||||
Effective tax rate(a) (b) |
(17.8) | % | (7.7) | % | (7.4 | )% |
(a) | Each of the periods reflects recurring, permanent tax benefits in relation to the level of pretax income and geographic mix of business. | ||
(b) | The income tax provision for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, includes the impact of certain discrete state tax items and the impact of the favorable resolution of certain prior years tax items. In addition, the income tax provision for the three months ended September 30, 2011, includes the impact of a federal discrete item. |
16
ITEM 2. | MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS |
17
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Discount revenue earned from purchased cardmember receivables and loans: |
||||||||
Volume of receivables and loans purchased |
$ | 43 | $ | 203 | ||||
Discount rates |
(41 | ) | (408 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | 2 | $ | (205 | ) | |||
Interest income from affiliates: |
||||||||
Average loans to affiliates |
$ | 28 | $ | (23 | ) | |||
Interest rates |
9 | 42 | ||||||
Total |
$ | 37 | $ | 19 | ||||
Interest income from investments: |
||||||||
Average investments outstanding |
$ | (21 | ) | $ | (59 | ) | ||
Interest rates |
(3 | ) | 14 | |||||
Total |
$ | (24 | ) | $ | (45 | ) | ||
Finance revenue: |
||||||||
Average cardmember loans outstanding |
$ | (6 | ) | $ | (1 | ) | ||
Interest rates |
4 | (6 | ) | |||||
Total |
$ | (2 | ) | $ | (7 | ) | ||
Interest expense: |
||||||||
Average debt outstanding |
$ | | $ | (23 | ) | |||
Interest rates |
94 | (11 | ) | |||||
Total |
$ | 94 | $ | (34 | ) | |||
Interest expense to affiliates: |
||||||||
Average debt outstanding |
$ | (1 | ) | $ | (19 | ) | ||
Interest rates |
(2 | ) | (7 | ) | ||||
Total |
$ | (3 | ) | $ | (26 | ) | ||
18
19
(Millions, except percentages) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Total gross cardmember receivables |
$ | 12,667 | $ | 12,689 | ||||
Loss reserves cardmember receivables |
$ | 72 | $ | 106 | ||||
Loss reserves as a % of receivables |
0.6 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||
Average life of cardmember receivables (in days)(a) |
30 | 29 | ||||||
U.S. Consumer and Small Business gross cardmember receivables |
$ | 2,974 | $ | 4,003 | ||||
30 days past due as a % of total |
1.7 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
Average receivables |
$ | 3,740 | $ | 3,634 | ||||
Write-offs, net of recoveries |
$ | 38 | $ | 40 | ||||
Net write-off rate (b) |
1.4 | % | 1.5 | % | ||||
International and Global Commercial gross cardmember receivables |
$ | 9,693 | $ | 8,686 | ||||
90 days past billing as a % of total |
0.7 | % | 0.8 | % | ||||
Write-offs, net of recoveries (c) |
$ | 54 | $ | 102 | ||||
Net loss ratio (c)(d) |
0.04 | % | 0.13 | % | ||||
(a) | Represents the average life of cardmember receivables owned by Credco, based upon the ratio of the average amount of both billed and unbilled receivables owned by Credco at the end of each month, during the years indicated, to the volume of cardmember receivables purchased by Credco. | |
(b) | Credcos write-offs, net of recoveries, represent the amount of cardmember receivables owned by Credco that are written off, consisting of principal and fees, expressed as a percentage of the average cardmember receivables balance during the period. | |
(c) | Effective January 1, 2010, American Express revised the time period in which past due cardmember receivables for its International Card Services and Global Commercial Services segments are written off to 180 days past due or earlier, consistent with applicable bank regulatory guidance and the write-off methodology adopted for U.S. Consumer and Small Business receivables in the fourth quarter of 2008. Previously, these cardmember receivables were written off when 360 days past billing. Therefore, the net write-offs for the first quarter of 2010 include net write-offs resulting from this write-off methodology change, which decreased the 90 days past billing metrics and increased net loss ratios, but did not have a significant impact on provisions for losses. | |
(d) | Credcos write-offs, net of recoveries, represent the amount of cardmember receivables owned by Credco that are written off, consisting of principal and fees, expressed as a percentage of the volume of cardmember receivables purchased by Credco during the period. |
20
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Balance, January 1 |
$ | 121 | $ | 160 | ||||
Provisions for losses |
43 | 85 | ||||||
Accounts written-off(a)(b) |
(93 | ) | (151 | ) | ||||
Other(c) |
7 | 22 | ||||||
Balance, September 30 |
$ | 78 | $ | 116 | ||||
(a) | Includes recoveries on accounts previously written off of $79 million and $90 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. | |
(b) | Includes $92 million of cardmember receivables net write-offs and $1 million of cardmember loans net write-offs during the nine months ended September 30, 2011. Includes $142 million of cardmember receivable net write-offs and $9 million of cardmember loan net write-offs during the nine months ended September 30, 2010. | |
(c) | Primarily includes reserve balances applicable to net purchases of participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from an affiliate. |
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | |||||
TRS Subsidiaries: |
|||||||
American Express Australia Limited |
$ | 3,692 | $ | 3,935 | |||
American Express Services Europe Limited |
2,815 | 2,698 | |||||
Amex Bank of Canada |
2,440 | 2,969 | |||||
American Express International, Inc. |
405 | 519 | |||||
American Express Co. (Mexico) S.A. de C.V. |
465 | 483 | |||||
American Express Bank (Mexico) S.A. |
368 | 383 | |||||
Total |
$ | 10,185 | $ | 10,987 | |||
21
(Millions) | 2011 | 2010 | |||||
AE Exposure Management Ltd |
$ | 1,499 | $ | 2,789 | |||
American Express Europe Limited |
790 | 100 | |||||
American Express Company |
738 | 11 | |||||
American Express Holdings (Netherlands) C.V. |
295 | 295 | |||||
American Express Swiss Holdings |
249 | 191 | |||||
National Express Company, Inc. |
157 | 158 | |||||
Other |
188 | 237 | |||||
Total |
$ | 3,916 | $ | 3,781 | |||
| A broad, deep and diverse set of funding sources to finance its assets and meet operating requirements; and | |
| Liquidity programs that enable Credco to satisfy all maturing financing obligations for at least a 12-month period should some or all of its funding sources become inaccessible. |
22
Credit | Short-Term | Long-Term | ||||
Agency | Ratings | Ratings | Outlook | |||
DBRS
|
R-1 (middle) | A (high) | Stable | |||
Fitch
|
F1 | A+ | Stable | |||
Moodys
|
Prime-1 | A2 | Stable | |||
S&P
|
A-2 | BBB+ | Stable | |||
23
(Billions) | ||||||||||||||||
Period | Ending | Average | Minimum | Maximum | ||||||||||||
Q111 |
$ | 0.8 | $ | 0.7 | $ | 0.4 | $ | 0.9 | ||||||||
Q211 |
0.7 | 0.7 | 0.5 | 0.8 | ||||||||||||
Q311 |
0.8 | 0.7 | 0.4 | 0.9 | ||||||||||||
Q110 |
0.9 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Q210 |
1.4 | 0.9 | 0.8 | 1.4 | ||||||||||||
Q310 |
0.9 | 1.0 | 0.8 | 1.2 | ||||||||||||
Q410 |
0.6 | 0.8 | 0.5 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
Q109 |
1.8 | 3.7 | 1.4 | 7.4 | ||||||||||||
Q209 |
1.4 | 1.5 | 1.2 | 2.0 | ||||||||||||
Q309 |
1.1 | 1.1 | 0.9 | 1.3 | ||||||||||||
Q409 |
1.0 | 0.8 | 0.6 | 1.1 | ||||||||||||
(Billions) | 2011 | 2010 | ||||||
Long-term debt outstanding |
$ | 21.0 | $ | 19.0 | ||||
Average long-term debt |
$ | 19.1 | $ | 19.0 | ||||
24
| Maintaining a diversified set of funding sources (refer to the Funding Strategy section for more detail); | |
| Maintaining unencumbered liquid assets and off-balance sheet liquidity sources; and | |
| Projecting cash inflows and outflows from a variety of sources and under a variety of scenarios. |
American | ||||||||||||
(Billions) | Express | Credco | Total | |||||||||
Committed |
$ | 0.8 | $ | 6.6 | $ | 7.4 | (a) | |||||
Outstanding |
$ | | $ | 4.5 | $ | 4.5 | ||||||
(a) | Credco has the right to borrow a maximum amount of $7.4 billion with a commensurate maximum $0.8 billion reduction in the amount available to American Express. |
25
(Billions) | |||
2012 |
$ | 2.9 | |
2014 (a) |
2.0 | ||
2016 (a) |
2.5 | ||
Total |
$ | 7.4 | |
(a) | On August 3, 2011, Credco repaid AUD $4.1 billion on its Australian Syndicated Credit Facility and on the same day entered into a new Credit Facility agreement for AUD $4.5 billion, which was fully drawn. |
26
| changes in global economic and business conditions, including consumer and business spending, the availability and cost of credit, unemployment and political conditions, all of which may significantly affect spending on American Express cards, delinquency rates, loan balances and other aspects of Credcos business and results of operations; | |
| changes in capital and credit market conditions, including sovereign creditworthiness, which may significantly affect Credcos ability to meet its liquidity needs, access to capital and cost of capital, including changes in interest rates; changes in market conditions affecting the valuation of Credcos assets; or any reduction in Credcos credit ratings or those of its subsidiaries, which could materially increase the cost and other terms of Credcos funding, restrict its access to the capital markets or result in contingent payments under contracts; | |
| the effectiveness of Credcos risk management policies and procedures, including Credcos ability to accurately estimate the provisions for losses in Credcos outstanding portfolio of cardmember receivables and loans; | |
| fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates; | |
| changes in laws or government regulations affecting American Express business, including the potential impact of regulations adopted by federal bank regulators relating to certain credit and charge card practices, the impact of the CARD Act, and the impact of the Dodd-Frank Reform Act, which is subject to further extensive rulemaking, the implications of which are not fully known at this time; or potential changes in the Federal tax system that could substantially alter, among other things, the taxation of American Express international businesses or the allowance of deductions for significant expenses; | |
| the impact on American Express business that could result from litigation such as class actions or proceedings brought by governmental and regulatory agencies (including the lawsuit filed against American Express by the DOJ and certain state attorneys general); and | |
| Credcos ability to satisfy its liquidity needs and execute on its funding plans, which will depend on, among other things, Credcos future business growth, Credcos credit ratings, market capacity and demand for securities offered by Credco, performance by Credcos counterparties under its bank credit facilities and other lending facilities, and regulatory changes. |
27
28
29
Date: November 9, 2011 | By | /s/ David L. Yowan | ||
David L. Yowan | ||||
Chief Executive Officer | ||||
Date: November 9, 2011 | By | /s/ Kimberly R. Scardino | ||
Kimberly R. Scardino | ||||
Vice President and Chief Accounting Officer |
30
Exhibit No. | Description | How Filed | ||
Exhibit 10.1
|
Syndicated Facility Subscription Agreement dated as of August 3, 2011. | Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the registrants Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (Commission File No. 1-6908) for the quarter ended June 30, 2011. | ||
Exhibit 12.1
|
Computation in Support of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges of American Express Credit Corporation. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
Exhibit 12.2
|
Computation in Support of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges of American Express Company. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
Exhibit 31.1
|
Certification of David L. Yowan, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
Exhibit 31.2
|
Certification of Anderson Y. Lee, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
Exhibit 32.1
|
Certification of David L. Yowan, Chief Executive Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
Exhibit 32.2
|
Certification of Anderson Y. Lee, Chief Financial Officer, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. | Electronically filed herewith. | ||
101.INS
|
XBRL Instance Document* | |||
101.SCH
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document* | |||
101.CAL
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document* | |||
101.LAB
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document* | |||
101.PRE
|
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document* |
* | These interactive data files are furnished and deemed not filed or part of a registration statement or prospectus for purposes of Sections 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, are deemed not filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and otherwise are not subject to liability under those sections. |
E-1
Nine Months | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ended | Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Net income |
$ | 295 | $ | 348 | $ | 362 | $ | 864 | $ | 725 | ||||||||||
Income tax (benefit) provision |
(21 | ) | (24 | ) | 8 | 132 | 60 | |||||||||||||
Interest expense |
519 | 598 | 629 | 1,618 | 2,046 | |||||||||||||||
Total earnings (a) |
$ | 793 | $ | 922 | $ | 999 | $ | 2,614 | $ | 2,831 | ||||||||||
Fixed
charges Interest expense (b) |
$ | 519 | $ | 598 | $ | 629 | $ | 1,618 | $ | 2,046 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges (a/b) |
1.53 | 1.54 | 1.59 | 1.62 | 1.38 | |||||||||||||||
Nine Months | ||||||||||||||||||||
Ended | Years Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||
September 30, 2011 | 2010 | 2009 | 2008 | 2007 | ||||||||||||||||
Earnings: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Pretax income from continuing operations |
$ | 5,208 | $ | 5,964 | $ | 2,841 | $ | 3,581 | $ | 5,694 | ||||||||||
Interest expense (a) |
1,745 | 2,423 | 2,208 | 3,628 | 4,525 | |||||||||||||||
Other adjustments (b) |
89 | 126 | 129 | 144 | 143 | |||||||||||||||
Total earnings |
$ | 7,042 | $ | 8,513 | $ | 5,178 | $ | 7,353 | $ | 10,362 | ||||||||||
Fixed charges: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
$ | 1,745 | $ | 2,423 | $ | 2,208 | $ | 3,628 | $ | 4,525 | ||||||||||
Other adjustments (c) |
64 | 85 | 121 | 114 | 106 | |||||||||||||||
Total fixed charges |
$ | 1,809 | $ | 2,508 | $ | 2,329 | $ | 3,742 | $ | 4,631 | ||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges |
3.89 | 3.39 | 2.22 | 1.96 | 2.24 | |||||||||||||||
(a) | Included in interest expense is interest expense related to the cardmember lending activities, international banking operations, and charge card and other activities in the Consolidated Statements of Income. Interest expense does not include interest on liabilities recorded under GAAP governing accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. American Express policy is to classify such interest in income tax provision in the Consolidated Statements of Income. | |
(b) | For purposes of the earnings computation, other adjustments include adding the amortization of capitalized interest, the net loss of affiliates accounted for under the equity method whose debt is not guaranteed by American Express, the noncontrolling interest in the earnings of majority-owned subsidiaries with fixed charges, and the interest component of rental expense, and subtracting undistributed net income of affiliates accounted for under the equity method. | |
(c) | For purposes of the fixed charges computation, other adjustments include capitalized interest costs and the interest component of rental expense. |
1. | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of American Express Credit Corporation; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; | ||
(b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | ||
(c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and | ||
(d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and | ||
(b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: November 9, 2011 | /s/ David L. Yowan | |||
David L. Yowan | ||||
Chief Executive Officer |
1. | I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of American Express Credit Corporation; |
2. | Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report; |
3. | Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report; |
4. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have: |
(a) | Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared; | ||
(b) | Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles; | ||
(c) | Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrants disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and | ||
(d) | Disclosed in this report any change in the registrants internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrants most recent fiscal quarter (the registrants fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrants internal control over financial reporting; and |
5. | The registrants other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrants auditors and the audit committee of the registrants board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions): |
(a) | All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrants ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and | ||
(b) | Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrants internal control over financial reporting. |
Date: November 9, 2011 | /s/ Anderson Y. Lee | |||
Anderson Y. Lee | ||||
Chief Financial Officer |
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | ||
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
/s/ David L. Yowan | ||||
Name: | David L. Yowan | |||
Title: | Chief Executive Officer | |||
Date: | November 9, 2011 |
(1) | The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and | ||
(2) | The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations of the Company. |
/s/ Anderson Y. Lee | ||||
Name: | Anderson Y. Lee | |||
Title: | Chief Financial Officer | |||
Date: | November 9, 2011 |
Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) (USD $) In Millions, except Share data | Sep. 30, 2011 | Dec. 31, 2010 |
---|---|---|
Assets | ||
Cardmember receivables, reserves | $ 72 | $ 112 |
Cardmember loans, reserves | 6 | 9 |
Shareholder's Equity | ||
Common shares, par value | $ 0.10 | $ 0.10 |
Common shares, authorized | 3 | 3 |
Common shares, issued | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Common shares, outstanding | 1.5 | 1.5 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: | ||
Foreign currency translation adjustments, tax | 11 | 49 |
Net unrealized derivatives losses, tax | $ 0 | $ 0 |
Document and Entity Information | 9 Months Ended | |
---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2011 | Nov. 09, 2011 | |
Document and Entity Information [Abstract] | ||
Entity Registrant Name | AMERICAN EXPRESS CREDIT CORPORATION | |
Entity Central Index Key | 0000004969 | |
Document Type | 10-Q | |
Document Period End Date | Sep. 30, 2011 | |
Amendment Flag | false | |
Document Fiscal Year Focus | 2011 | |
Document Fiscal Period Focus | Q3 | |
Current Fiscal Year End Date | --12-31 | |
Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer | Yes | |
Entity Voluntary Filers | No | |
Entity Current Reporting Status | Yes | |
Entity Filer Category | Non-accelerated Filer | |
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding | 1,504,938 |
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Variable Interest Entity | 9 Months Ended |
---|---|
Sep. 30, 2011 | |
Variable Interest Entity [Abstract] | |
Variable Interest Entity | 7. Variable Interest Entity Credco has established a variable interest entity (VIE), American Express Canada Credit Corporation (AECCC), used primarily to loan funds to affiliates. Credco has a shelf registration in Canada for a medium-term note program providing for the issuance of notes by AECCC. All notes issued under this program are fully guaranteed by Credco. These medium-term note issuances are the primary source of financing loans to the Canadian affiliate. Credco is considered the primary beneficiary of the entity and owns all of the outstanding voting interests and therefore, consolidates the entity in accordance with accounting guidance governing consolidation of VIEs. Total assets as of both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were $2.4 billion and are eliminated in consolidation. Total liabilities as of both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were $2.3 billion and are primarily recorded in long-term debt. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, $123 million and $501 million, respectively, of liabilities were eliminated in consolidation. The assets of the VIE are not used solely to settle the obligations of the VIE. The note holders of the VIE have recourse to Credco. |
Cardmember Receivables and Loans | 9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Sep. 30, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cardmember Receivables and Loans [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cardmember Receivables and Loans | 3. Cardmember Receivables and Loans Cardmember Receivables Cardmember receivables representing amounts due from American Express charge payment product customers, are recorded at the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant. Each charge card transaction is authorized based on its likely economics reflecting a cardmember's most recent credit information and spend patterns. Global limits are established to limit the maximum exposure for American Express from high risk and some high spend charge cardmembers and accounts of high risk, out of pattern charge cardmembers can be monitored even if they are current. Charge card customers generally must pay the full amount billed each month.
Credco records these cardmember receivables at the time they are purchased from TRS and certain of its subsidiaries that issue the Card (card issuers). Cardmember receivable balances are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of reserves for losses (refer to Note 4), and typically include principal and any related accrued fees. Cardmember receivables also include participation interests purchased from an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables represent undivided interests in the cash flows of the non-interest-bearing cardmember receivables and are purchased without recourse by Credco Receivables Corporation (CRC), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of Credco, from American Express Receivables Financing Corporation V LLC (RFC V). As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, CRC owned approximately $3.2 billion and $3.7 billion, respectively, of participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from RFC V.
Cardmember receivables as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consisted of:
(a) International is comprised of consumer and small business services. (b) Cardmember receivables modified in a troubled debt restructuring (TDR) program were immaterial.
Cardmember Loans Cardmember loans represent amounts due from customers of American Express and certain of its affiliates' lending payment products. For American Express, these cardmember loans are recorded at the time a cardmember enters into a point-of-sale transaction with a merchant or when a charge card customer enters into an extended payment arrangement. American Express' lending portfolios primarily include revolving loans to cardmembers obtained through either credit card accounts or the lending on charge feature of their charge card accounts. These loans have a range of terms such as credit limits, interest rates, fees and payment structures, which can be adjusted over time based on new information about cardmembers and in accordance with applicable regulations and the respective product's terms and conditions. Cardmembers holding revolving loans are typically required to make monthly payments greater than or equal to certain pre-established amounts. The amounts that cardmembers choose to revolve are subject to finance charges. When cardmembers fall behind on their required payments, their accounts are monitored.
Credco records these cardmember loans at the time they are purchased from TRS and certain of its affiliates. Cardmember loans are presented on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, net of reserves for cardmember losses and include accrued interest and fees receivable. Credco's policy generally is to cease accruing for interest receivable on a cardmember loan at the time the account is written off. Credco establishes reserves for interest that Credco believes will not be collected.
Cardmember loans, consisting of loans in the International card services portfolio, as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 were as follows:
Cardmember Receivables and Cardmember Loans Aging Generally, a cardmember account is considered past due if payment is not received within 30 days after the billing statement date. The following table represents the aging of cardmember receivables and cardmember loans as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
Cardmember Receivables and Cardmember Loans Aging Generally, a cardmember account is considered past due if payment is not received within 30 days after the billing statement date. The following table represents the aging of cardmember receivables and cardmember loans as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
Credit Quality Indicators for Cardmember Receivables and Cardmember Loans
The following tables present the key credit quality indicators as of or for the nine months ended September 30:
Refer to Note 4 for other factors, including external environmental factors, that management considers as part of its evaluation of reserves for losses. |
Income Taxes | 9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Sep. 30, 2011 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Income Taxes |
The results of operations of Credco are included in the consolidated U.S. federal income tax return of American Express. Under an agreement with TRS, provision for income taxes is recognized on a separate company basis. If benefits for net operating losses, future tax deductions and foreign tax credits cannot be recognized on a separate company basis, such benefits are then recognized based upon a share, derived by formula, of those deductions and credits that are recognizable on a TRS consolidated reporting basis. American Express is under continuous examination by the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and tax authorities in other countries and states in which American Express has significant business operations. The tax years under examination and open for examination vary by jurisdiction. In June 2008, the IRS completed its field examination of American Express' federal tax returns for the years 1997 through 2002. In July 2009, the IRS completed its field examination of American Express' federal tax returns for the years 2003 and 2004. In April 2011, unagreed issues for 1997-2004 were resolved at IRS Appeals. Additional refund claims for those years continue to be reviewed by the IRS. In addition, American Express is currently under examination by the IRS for the years 2005 through 2007. Credco believes it is reasonably possible that the unrecognized tax benefits could decrease within the next 12 months by as much as $590 million principally as a result of potential resolutions of prior years' tax items with various taxing authorities. Of the $590 million of unrecognized tax benefits, approximately $580 million relate to amounts recorded to equity that, if recognized, would not impact the effective rate. With respect to the remaining $10 million, it is not possible to quantify the impact such changes may have on the effective tax rate and net income due to the inherent complexities and the number of tax years currently under examination. Resolution of the prior years' items that comprise this remaining amount could have an impact on the effective tax rate and on net income, either favorably (principally as a result of settlements that are less than the liability for unrecognized tax benefits) or unfavorably (if such settlements exceed the liability for unrecognized tax benefits). The following table summarizes Credco's effective tax rate:
|
Basis of Presentation | 9 Months Ended |
---|---|
Sep. 30, 2011 | |
Basis of Presentation [Abstract] | |
Basis of Presentation | 1. Basis of Presentation American Express Credit Corporation (Credco), together with its subsidiaries, is a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Express Travel Related Services Company, Inc. (TRS), which is a wholly-owned subsidiary of American Express Company (American Express). American Express charge cards and American Express credit cards are collectively referred to herein as the Card. Credco is engaged in the business of financing non-interest-bearing cardmember receivables arising from the use of the American Express® Card, the American Express® Gold Card, Platinum Card®, Corporate Card and other American Express cards issued in the United States and in certain countries outside the United States. Credco also finances certain interest-bearing and discounted revolving loans generated by cardmember spending on American Express credit cards issued in non-U.S. markets, although interest-bearing and revolving loans are primarily funded by subsidiaries of TRS other than Credco. Credco executes material transactions with its affiliates. The agreements between Credco and its affiliates provide that the parties intend that the transactions thereunder be conducted on an arm's length basis; however, there can be no assurance that the terms of these arrangements are the same as would be negotiated between independent, unrelated parties. American Express provides Credco with financial support with respect to maintenance of its minimum overall 1.25 fixed charge coverage ratio, which is achieved by adjusting the discount rates on the purchases of receivables Credco makes from, and the interest rates on the loans Credco provides to, TRS and other American Express subsidiaries. Each monthly period, the discount and interest rates are adjusted to generate income for Credco that is sufficient to maintain its minimum fixed charge coverage ratio. The accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Annual Report on Form 10-K (Form 10-K) of Credco for the year ended December 31, 2010. Significant accounting policies disclosed therein have not changed. The interim consolidated financial information in this report has not been audited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated financial position and the consolidated results of operations for the interim periods have been made. All adjustments made were of a normal, recurring nature. Results of operations reported for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results for the entire year. Accounting estimates are an integral part of the Consolidated Financial Statements. These estimates are based, in part, on management's assumptions concerning future events. Among the more significant assumptions are those that relate to reserves for cardmember losses relating to cardmember receivables and loans, fair value measurement and income taxes. These accounting estimates reflect the best judgment of management, but actual results could differ. |
Reserves for Losses | 9 Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Reserves for Losses [Abstract] | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Reserves for Losses | Reserves for Losses Reserves for Losses – Cardmember Receivables and Loans Reserves for losses relating to cardmember receivables and loans represent management's best estimate of the losses inherent in Credco's outstanding portfolios. Credco's total provisions for losses were $43 million and $85 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. Management's evaluation process requires certain estimates and judgments.
Reserves for these losses are primarily based upon models that analyze portfolio performance and reflect management's judgment regarding overall reserve adequacy. The analytic models take into account several factors, including average losses and recoveries over an appropriate historical period. Management considers whether to adjust the analytic models for specific factors such as increased risk in certain portfolios, impact of risk management initiatives on portfolio performance and concentration of credit risk based on factors such as tenure, industry or geographic regions. In addition, management adjusts the reserves for losses on cardmember loans for other external environmental factors including leading economic and market indicators, such as the unemployment rate, Gross Domestic Product (GDP), home price indices, non-farm payrolls, personal consumption expenditures index, consumer confidence index, purchasing managers index, bankruptcy filings and the legal and regulatory environment. Generally, due to the short-term nature of cardmember receivables, the impact of additional external factors on the inherent losses within the cardmember receivables portfolio is not significant. As part of this evaluation process, management also considers various reserve coverage metrics, such as reserves as a percentage of past-due amounts, reserves as a percentage of cardmember receivables or loans and net write-off coverage.
Cardmember loans and receivables balances are written off when management deems amounts to be uncollectible and is generally determined by the number of days past due, which is generally no later than 180 days past due. Cardmember loans and receivables in bankruptcy or owed by deceased individuals are written off upon notification. Recoveries are recognized on a cash basis.
Changes in Cardmember Receivables Reserve for Losses The following table presents changes in the cardmember receivables reserve for losses for the nine months ended September 30:
(a) Represents loss provisions for cardmember receivables consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions) and fee reserve components. (b) Primarily represents reserve balances applicable to participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables purchased from an affiliate totaled $2.7 billion and $2.6 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. (c) Represents write-offs consisting of principal (resulting from authorized transactions) and fee components, less recoveries of $74 million and $83 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. (d) Primarily relates to reserves for losses attributable to participation interests in cardmember receivables sold to an affiliate. Participation interests in cardmember receivables sold to an affiliate totaled $2.2 billion and nil for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. (e) Volume of receivables purchased was $130 billion and $115 billion for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Changes in Cardmember Loans Reserve for Losses The following table presents changes in the cardmember loans reserve for losses for the nine months ended September 30:
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Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive Income (Loss) | 5. Comprehensive Income (Loss) Comprehensive income (loss) includes net income and changes in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) (AOCI), which is a balance sheet item in the Shareholder's Equity section of Credco's Consolidated Balance Sheets. AOCI is comprised of items that have not been recognized in earnings but may be recognized in earnings in the future when certain events occur. The components of comprehensive income (loss), net of tax, were as follows:
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Derivatives and Hedging Activities | 9 Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Derivatives and Hedging Activities [Abstract] | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Derivatives and Hedging Activities | 6. Derivatives and Hedging Activities Credco uses derivative financial instruments (derivatives) to manage exposure to various market risks. Market risk is the risk to earnings or value resulting from movements in market prices. Credco's market risk exposure is primarily generated by:
General principles and the overall framework for managing market risk across American Express and its subsidiaries, including Credco, are defined in the Market Risk Policy, which is the responsibility of the Asset-Liability Committee (ALCO). Market risk limits and escalation triggers in that policy are approved by the ALCO and by the Enterprise-wide Risk Management Committee (ERMC). Market risk is centrally monitored for compliance with policy and limits by the Market Risk Committee, which reports into the ALCO and is chaired by the Chief Market Risk Officer of American Express. Market risk management is also guided by policies covering the use of derivatives, funding and liquidity and investments. Derivatives derive their value from an underlying variable or multiple variables, including interest rate and foreign exchange rate. These instruments enable end users to increase, reduce or alter exposure to various market risks and, for that reason, are an integral component of Credco's market risk management. Credco does not engage in derivatives for trading purposes. Interest rate exposure within Credco's charge card and fixed-rate lending products is managed by varying the proportion of total funding provided by short-term and variable-rate debt compared to fixed-rate debt. In addition, interest rate swaps are used from time to time to synthetically convert fixed-rate debt obligations to variable-rate obligations or to convert variable-rate debt obligations to fixed-rate obligations. Credco may change the mix between variable-rate and fixed-rate funding based on changes in business volumes and mix, among other factors. Foreign exchange risk is generated by (i) funding foreign currency cardmember receivables and loans with U.S. dollars and (ii) foreign subsidiary equity and foreign currency earnings in units outside the United States. Credco hedges this market exposure to the extent it is economically justified through various means, including the use of derivatives such as foreign exchange forwards and cross-currency swap contracts, which can help “lock-in” the value of Credco's exposure to specific currencies. Exposures from foreign subsidiary equity in Credco's units outside the United States are hedged through various means, including the use of foreign currency debt and foreign exchange forwards executed either by Credco or TRS. Derivatives may give rise to counterparty credit risk, which is the risk that a derivative counterparty will default on, or otherwise be unable to perform pursuant to, an uncollateralized derivative exposure. Credco manages this risk by considering the current exposure, which is the replacement cost of contracts on the measurement date, as well as estimating the maximum potential value of the contracts over the next 12 months, considering such factors as the volatility of the underlying or reference index. To mitigate derivative credit risk, counterparties are required to be pre-approved and rated as investment grade. Counterparty risk exposures are monitored by American Express' Institutional Risk Management Committee (IRMC). The IRMC formally reviews large institutional exposures to ensure compliance with American Express' ERMC guidelines and procedures and determines the risk mitigation actions, when necessary. Additionally, in order to mitigate the bilateral counterparty credit risk associated with derivatives, Credco has in certain instances entered into master netting agreements with its derivative counterparties that provide a right of offset for certain exposures between the parties. To further mitigate bilateral counterparty credit risk, during the third quarter of 2011 Credco exercised its rights under executed credit support agreements with certain of its derivative counterparties. These agreements require that, in the event the fair value change in the net derivatives position between the two parties exceeds certain dollar thresholds, the party in the net liability position posts collateral to its counterparty. In relation to Credco's credit risk, under the terms of the derivative agreements it has with its various counterparties, Credco is not required to either immediately settle any outstanding liability balances or post collateral upon the occurrence of a specified credit risk-related event. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the counterparty credit risk associated with Credco's derivatives was not significant. Credco's derivatives are carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The accounting for changes in fair value depends on the instruments' intended use and the resulting hedge designation, if any, as discussed below. Refer to Note 2 for a description of Credco's methodology for determining the fair value of its derivatives. The following table summarizes the total gross fair value, excluding interest accruals, of derivative assets and liabilities as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
Derivative Financial Instruments that Qualify for Hedge Accounting Derivatives executed for hedge accounting purposes are documented and designated as such when Credco enters into the contracts. In accordance with its risk management policies, Credco structures its hedges with very similar terms to the hedged items. Credco formally assesses, at inception of the hedge accounting relationship and on a quarterly basis, whether derivatives designated as hedges are highly effective in offsetting the fair value or cash flows of the hedged items. These assessments usually are made through the application of a regression analysis method. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, Credco will discontinue the application of hedge accounting. Fair Value Hedges A fair value hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge Credco's exposure to future changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability, or an identified portion thereof that is attributable to a particular risk. Credco is exposed to interest rate risk associated with its fixed-rate long-term debt. Credco uses interest rate swaps to synthetically convert certain fixed-rate long-term debt obligations to floating-rate obligations at the time of issuance. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, Credco hedged $10.6 billion and $8.9 billion, respectively, of its fixed-rate debt to floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps. To the extent the fair value hedge is effective, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument offsets the loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. Any difference between the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item is referred to as hedge ineffectiveness and is reflected in earnings as a component of other, net expenses. Hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by differences between the debt's interest coupon and the benchmark rate, which are primarily due to credit spreads at inception of the hedging relationship that are not reflected in the valuation of the interest rate swap. Furthermore, hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by changes in the relationship between 3-month LIBOR and 1-month LIBOR rates, as these so-called basis spreads may impact the valuation of the interest rate swap without causing an offsetting impact in the value of the hedged debt. If a fair value hedge is de-designated or no longer considered to be effective, changes in fair value of the derivative continue to be recorded through earnings but the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value due to changes in interest rates. The existing basis adjustment of the hedged asset or liability is then amortized or accreted as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of that asset or liability. The following table summarizes the impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings associated with Credco's hedges of fixed-rate long-term debt:
Derivative Financial Instruments that Qualify for Hedge Accounting Derivatives executed for hedge accounting purposes are documented and designated as such when Credco enters into the contracts. In accordance with its risk management policies, Credco structures its hedges with very similar terms to the hedged items. Credco formally assesses, at inception of the hedge accounting relationship and on a quarterly basis, whether derivatives designated as hedges are highly effective in offsetting the fair value or cash flows of the hedged items. These assessments usually are made through the application of a regression analysis method. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective as a hedge, Credco will discontinue the application of hedge accounting. Fair Value Hedges A fair value hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge Credco's exposure to future changes in the fair value of an asset or a liability, or an identified portion thereof that is attributable to a particular risk. Credco is exposed to interest rate risk associated with its fixed-rate long-term debt. Credco uses interest rate swaps to synthetically convert certain fixed-rate long-term debt obligations to floating-rate obligations at the time of issuance. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, Credco hedged $10.6 billion and $8.9 billion, respectively, of its fixed-rate debt to floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps. To the extent the fair value hedge is effective, the gain or loss on the hedging instrument offsets the loss or gain on the hedged item attributable to the hedged risk. Any difference between the changes in the fair value of the derivative and the hedged item is referred to as hedge ineffectiveness and is reflected in earnings as a component of other, net expenses. Hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by differences between the debt's interest coupon and the benchmark rate, which are primarily due to credit spreads at inception of the hedging relationship that are not reflected in the valuation of the interest rate swap. Furthermore, hedge ineffectiveness may be caused by changes in the relationship between 3-month LIBOR and 1-month LIBOR rates, as these so-called basis spreads may impact the valuation of the interest rate swap without causing an offsetting impact in the value of the hedged debt. If a fair value hedge is de-designated or no longer considered to be effective, changes in fair value of the derivative continue to be recorded through earnings but the hedged asset or liability is no longer adjusted for changes in fair value due to changes in interest rates. The existing basis adjustment of the hedged asset or liability is then amortized or accreted as an adjustment to yield over the remaining life of that asset or liability. The following table summarizes the impact on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings associated with Credco's hedges of fixed-rate long-term debt:
Credco also recognized a net reduction in interest expense on long-term debt and other of $65 million and $63 million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, primarily related to the net settlements (interest accruals) on Credco's interest rate derivatives designated as fair value hedges. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the impact on interest expense was a net reduction in interest expense on long-term debt and other of $191 million and $192 million, respectively. Cash Flow Hedges A cash flow hedge involves a derivative designated to hedge Credco's exposure to variable future cash flows attributable to a particular risk. Such exposures may relate to either an existing recognized asset or liability, or a forecasted transaction. Credco hedges existing long-term variable-rate debt, the rollover of short-term borrowings and the anticipated forecasted issuance of additional funding through the use of derivatives, primarily interest rate swaps. These derivative instruments synthetically convert floating-rate debt obligations to fixed-rate obligations for the duration of the instrument. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, Credco hedged $0.3 billion and $0.8 billion, respectively, of its floating-rate debt using interest rate swaps. For derivatives designated as cash flow hedges, the effective portion of the gain or loss on the derivatives is recorded in AOCI and reclassified into earnings when the hedged cash flows are recognized in earnings. The amount that is reclassified into earnings is presented in the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings in the same line item in which the hedged instrument or transaction is recognized, primarily in interest expense. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on the derivatives is reported as a component of other, net expenses. If a cash flow hedge is de-designated or terminated prior to maturity, the amount previously recorded in AOCI is recognized into earnings over the period that the hedged item impacts earnings. If a hedge relationship is discontinued because it is probable that the forecasted transaction will not occur according to the original strategy, any related amounts previously recorded in AOCI are recognized into earnings immediately. In the normal course of business, as the hedged cash flows are recognized into earnings, Credco expects to reclassify $1 million of net pretax losses on derivatives from AOCI into earnings during the next 12 months. The following table summarizes the impact of cash flow hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings:
Net Investment Hedges A net investment hedge is used to hedge future changes in currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Credco primarily designates foreign currency derivatives, typically foreign exchange forwards, and on occasion foreign currency denominated debt, as hedges of net investments in certain foreign operations. These instruments reduce exposure to changes in currency exchange rates on Credco's investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges recorded in AOCI, as part of the cumulative translation adjustment, was $64 million and $(18) million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the effective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges was $26 million and $(47) million, respectively. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges is recognized in other, net expenses during the period of change. No ineffectiveness or other amounts were reclassified from AOCI into income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010. Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges Credco has derivatives that act as economic hedges, but are not designated for hedge accounting purposes. Foreign currency transactions and non-U.S. dollar cash flow exposures from time to time may be partially or fully economically hedged through foreign currency contracts, primarily foreign exchange forwards, options and cross-currency swaps. These hedges generally mature within one year. Foreign currency contracts involve the purchase and sale of a designated currency at an agreed upon rate for settlement on a specified date. The changes in the fair value of the derivatives effectively offset the related foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying balance sheet exposures. From time to time, Credco may enter into interest rate swaps to specifically manage funding costs related to American Express' proprietary card business. For derivatives that are not designated as hedges, changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings. The following table summarizes the impact of derivatives not designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings:
Net Investment Hedges A net investment hedge is used to hedge future changes in currency exposure of a net investment in a foreign operation. Credco primarily designates foreign currency derivatives, typically foreign exchange forwards, and on occasion foreign currency denominated debt, as hedges of net investments in certain foreign operations. These instruments reduce exposure to changes in currency exchange rates on Credco's investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries. The effective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges recorded in AOCI, as part of the cumulative translation adjustment, was $64 million and $(18) million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the effective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges was $26 million and $(47) million, respectively. Any ineffective portion of the gain or loss on net investment hedges is recognized in other, net expenses during the period of change. No ineffectiveness or other amounts were reclassified from AOCI into income for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 or 2010. Derivatives Not Designated as Hedges Credco has derivatives that act as economic hedges, but are not designated for hedge accounting purposes. Foreign currency transactions and non-U.S. dollar cash flow exposures from time to time may be partially or fully economically hedged through foreign currency contracts, primarily foreign exchange forwards, options and cross-currency swaps. These hedges generally mature within one year. Foreign currency contracts involve the purchase and sale of a designated currency at an agreed upon rate for settlement on a specified date. The changes in the fair value of the derivatives effectively offset the related foreign exchange gains or losses on the underlying balance sheet exposures. From time to time, Credco may enter into interest rate swaps to specifically manage funding costs related to American Express' proprietary card business. For derivatives that are not designated as hedges, changes in fair value are reported in current period earnings. The following table summarizes the impact of derivatives not designated as hedges on the Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings:
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Fair Values | 2. Fair Values Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, and is based on Credco's principal or most advantageous market for the specific asset or liability. U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) provide for a three-level hierarchy of inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, defined as follows:
- Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets - Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability - Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value The following table summarizes Credco's financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, categorized by GAAP's valuation hierarchy as Level 2 (as described in the preceding paragraphs), as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010: . Fair Values Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date, and is based on Credco's principal or most advantageous market for the specific asset or liability. U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) provide for a three-level hierarchy of inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value, defined as follows:
- Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets - Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active - Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability - Inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means
Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Fair Value The following table summarizes Credco's financial assets and financial liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis, categorized by GAAP's valuation hierarchy as Level 2 (as described in the preceding paragraphs), as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
Credco did not measure any financial instruments at fair value using significantly unobservable inputs (Level 3) during the nine months ended September 30, 2011 or during the year ended December 31, 2010 nor were there transfers between levels of the valuation hierarchy during those periods. GAAP requires disclosure of the estimated fair value of all financial instruments. A financial instrument is defined as cash, evidence of an ownership in an entity, or a contract between two entities to deliver cash or another financial instrument or to exchange other financial instruments. The disclosure requirements for the fair value of financial instruments exclude leases, equity method investments, affiliate investments, pension and benefit obligations, insurance contracts and all non-financial instruments. Valuation Techniques Used in Measuring Fair Value For the financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis (categorized in the valuation hierarchy table above), Credco applies the following valuation techniques to measure fair value: Derivative Financial Instruments The fair value of Credco's derivative financial instruments, which could be presented as either assets or liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, is estimated either by third-party valuation services that use proprietary pricing models or by internal pricing models. The pricing models do not contain a high level of subjectivity as the valuation techniques used do not require significant judgment, and inputs to those models are readily observable from actively quoted markets. The pricing models used are consistently applied and reflect the contractual terms of the derivatives, including the period of maturity, and market-based parameters such as interest rates, foreign exchange rates, equity indices or prices, and volatility. Credit valuation adjustments are necessary when the market parameters, such as a benchmark curve, used to value derivatives are not indicative of the credit quality of Credco or its counterparties. Credco considers the counterparty credit risk by applying an observable forecasted default rate to the current exposure, which is adjusted by agreements to exchange collateral and/or net derivative assets and derivative liabilities, as applicable. Refer to Note 6 for additional fair value information. Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value The following table discloses the estimated fair value for Credco's financial assets and financial liabilities that are not carried at fair value as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
The fair values of these financial instruments are estimates based upon the market conditions and perceived risks as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and require management judgment. These figures may not be indicative of their future fair values. The fair value of Credco cannot be reliably estimated by aggregating the amounts presented. The following methods were used to determine estimated fair values: Financial Assets for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value Financial assets for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include cash and cash equivalents, cardmember receivables, cardmember loans, due from affiliates, accrued interest and certain other assets. For these assets, the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration or variable rate in nature. Financial Assets Carried at Other Than Fair Value Loans to affiliates Loans to affiliates are recorded at historical cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated based on either the fair value of the underlying collateral or the terms implicit in the loan agreements as compared with current market terms for similar loans. Financial Liabilities for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value Financial liabilities for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include short-term debt, short-term debt to affiliates, accrued interest, and certain other liabilities for which the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration, variable rate in nature or have no defined maturity. Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value Long-term debt Long-term debt is recorded at historical issuance cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated using either quoted market prices or discounted cash flows based on Credco's current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowings. The fair values of these financial instruments are estimates based upon the market conditions and perceived risks as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, and require management judgment. These figures may not be indicative of their future fair values. The fair value of Credco cannot be reliably estimated by aggregating the amounts presented. The following methods were used to determine estimated fair values: Financial Assets for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value Financial assets for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include cash and cash equivalents, cardmember receivables, cardmember loans, due from affiliates, accrued interest and certain other assets. For these assets, the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration or variable rate in nature. Financial Assets Carried at Other Than Fair Value Loans to affiliates Loans to affiliates are recorded at historical cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated based on either the fair value of the underlying collateral or the terms implicit in the loan agreements as compared with current market terms for similar loans. Financial Liabilities for Which Carrying Values Equal or Approximate Fair Value Financial liabilities for which carrying values equal or approximate fair value include short-term debt, short-term debt to affiliates, accrued interest, and certain other liabilities for which the carrying values approximate fair value because they are short term in duration, variable rate in nature or have no defined maturity. Financial Liabilities Carried at Other Than Fair Value Long-term debt Long-term debt is recorded at historical issuance cost on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Fair value is estimated using either quoted market prices or discounted cash flows based on Credco's current borrowing rates for similar types of borrowings. |
Consolidated Statements of Income and Retained Earnings (Unaudited) (USD $) In Millions | 3 Months Ended | 9 Months Ended | ||
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Sep. 30, 2011 | Sep. 30, 2010 | Sep. 30, 2011 | Sep. 30, 2010 | |
Revenues | ||||
Discount revenue earned from purchased cardmember receivables and loans | $ 88 | $ 87 | $ 321 | $ 319 |
Interest income from affiliates | 128 | 119 | 376 | 339 |
Interest income from investments | 2 | 9 | 4 | 28 |
Finance revenue | 9 | 10 | 28 | 30 |
Total revenues | 227 | 225 | 729 | 716 |
Expenses | ||||
Provisions for losses | (8) | 11 | 43 | 85 |
Interest expense | 181 | 158 | 510 | 416 |
Interest expense to affiliates | 2 | 4 | 9 | 12 |
Other, net | (49) | (20) | (107) | (50) |
Total expenses | 126 | 153 | 455 | 463 |
Pretax income | 101 | 72 | 274 | 253 |
Income tax benefit | (18) | (10) | (21) | (16) |
Net income | 119 | 82 | 295 | 269 |
Retained earnings at beginning of period | 3,515 | 3,500 | 3,496 | 3,408 |
Dividends | (607) | (92) | (764) | (187) |
Retained earnings at end of period | $ 3,027 | $ 3,490 | $ 3,027 | $ 3,490 |