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Investment Securities
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]  
Investment Securities
INVESTMENT SECURITIES
Investment securities principally include available-for-sale debt securities carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The CECL methodology, which became effective January 1, 2020, requires us to estimate lifetime expected credit losses for all available-for-sale debt securities in an unrealized loss position. Comparative information continues to be reported in accordance with the methodology in effect for prior periods. When estimating a security’s probability of default and the recovery rate, we assess the security’s credit indicators, including credit ratings. If our assessment indicates that an expected credit loss exists, we determine the portion of the unrealized loss attributable to credit deterioration and record a reserve for the expected credit loss through the Consolidated Statements of Income in Other loans Provision for credit losses. Unrealized gains and any portion of a security’s unrealized loss attributable to non-credit losses are recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, net of tax. We had accrued interest on our available-for-sale debt securities totaling $26 million and $20 million, as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively, presented as Other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Investment securities also include equity securities carried at fair value on the Consolidated Balance Sheets with unrealized gains and losses recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Income as Other, net expense.
Realized gains and losses are recognized upon disposition of the securities using the specific identification method.
Refer to Note 14 for a description of our methodology for determining the fair value of investment securities.
The following is a summary of investment securities as of December 31:
20202019
Description of Securities (Millions)
CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair
Value		CostGross
Unrealized
Gains		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Estimated
Fair
Value
Available-for-sale debt securities:
State and municipal obligations$172 $7 $— $179 $236 $8 $(1)$243 
U.S. Government agency obligations7 — — 7 9 — — 9 
U.S. Government treasury obligations20,655 76 — 20,731 7,395 35 (1)7,429 
Corporate debt securities22 — — 22 27 — — 27 
Mortgage-backed securities (a)
28 2 — 30 39 2 — 41 
Foreign government bonds and obligations581 — — 581 578 1 — 579 
Equity securities (b)
56 27 (2)81 55 25 (2)78 
Total$21,521 $112 $(2)$21,631 $8,339 $71 $(4)$8,406 
(a)Represents mortgage-backed securities guaranteed by Fannie Mae, Freddie Mac or Ginnie Mae.
(b)Equity securities comprise investments in common stock, exchange-traded funds and mutual funds.
The following table provides information about our available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses and the length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position as of December 31, 2019. There were no available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2020.
2019
Less than 12 months12 months or more
Description of Securities (Millions)
Estimated Fair
Value		Gross Unrealized
Losses		Estimated Fair
Value		Gross Unrealized
Losses
State and municipal obligations$18 $(1)$— $— 
U.S. Government treasury obligations— — 324 (1)
Total$18 $(1)$324 $(1)
The following table summarizes the gross unrealized losses by ratio of fair value to amortized cost as of December 31, 2019. There were no available-for-sale debt securities with gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2020.
Less than 12 months12 months or moreTotal
Ratio of Fair Value to
Amortized Cost (Dollars in millions)
Number of
Securities		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Number of
Securities		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses		Number of
Securities		Estimated
Fair Value		Gross
Unrealized
Losses
2019:
90%–100%2$18 $(1)3$324 $(1)5$342 $(2)
Total as of December 31, 20192$18 $(1)3$324 $(1)5$342 $(2)
Weighted average yields and contractual maturities for investment securities with stated maturities as of December 31, 2020 were as follows:
(Millions)Due within 1 yearDue after 1 year but within 5 yearsDue after 5 years but within 10 yearsDue after 10 yearsTotal
State and municipal obligations(a)
$15 $21 $49 $94 $179 
U.S. Government agency obligations(a)
— — — 7 7 
U.S. Government treasury obligations19,097 1,621 13 — 20,731 
Corporate debt securities11 11 — — 22 
Mortgage-backed securities(a)
— — — 30 30 
Foreign government bonds and obligations580 1 — — 581 
Total Estimated Fair Value$19,703 $1,654 $62 $131 $21,550 
Total Cost$19,685 $1,598 $55 $127 $21,465 
Weighted average yields(b)
0.31 %1.87 %5.53 %4.06 %0.46 %
(a)The expected payments on state and municipal obligations, U.S. government agency obligations and mortgage-backed securities may not coincide with their contractual maturities because the issuers have the right to call or prepay certain obligations.
(b)Average yields for investment securities have been calculated using the effective yield on the date of purchase. Yields on tax-exempt investment securities have been computed on a tax-equivalent basis using the U.S. federal statutory tax rate of 21 percent.