STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2013

Disclosure Of Compensation Related Costs, Share-Based Payments [Abstract]

Disclosure of Compensation Related Costs, Share-based Payments [Text Block]

NOTE 12 - STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

[A] Stock options:

The Company adopted the 1995 Stock Option Plan, pursuant to which the Company had the right to grant options to purchase up to an aggregate of 1,250,000 shares of common stock. The Company also adopted the 1999 Stock Option Plan, pursuant to which the Company had the right to grant stock awards and options to purchase up to 2,813,000 shares of common stock. The Company also adopted the 1999 Director Option Plan, pursuant to which the Company had the right to grant options to purchase up to an aggregate of 600,000 shares of common stock. The 1995 Stock Option Plan expired during 2005 and the 1999 Stock and Director Option Plans expired during 2009 and the Company cannot issue additional options under these plans.

The Company adopted the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, pursuant to which, as amended, the Company may grant options to purchase up to an aggregate of 2,500,000 shares of common stock. The Company also adopted the 2009 Non-Employee Director Equity Compensation Plan, pursuant to which, as amended, the Company may grant options to purchase up to an aggregate of 600,000 shares of common stock. The plans are administered by the Compensation Committee of the Company’s Board of Directors (the “Compensation Committee”), which has the authority to determine, among other things, the term during which an option may be exercised (not more than 10 years), the exercise price of an option and the vesting provisions.

A summary of the status of the Company’s stock options as of December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 and changes during the years then ended, is presented below:

	2011			2012			2013
		Weighted -			Weighted -			Weighted -
		Average			Average			Average
	Number of	Exercise		Number of	Exercise		Number of	Exercise
	Shares	Price		Shares	Price		Shares	Price
Outstanding at     beginning of year	2,666,000	$	7.34	2,462,000	$	7.41	2,568,000	$	7.33
Granted	135,000		4.55	272,000		5.93	367,000		5.63
Exercised	(32,000)		2.35	(56,000)		3.85	(67,000)		3.4
Expired	(230,000)		5.66	-		-	(25,000)		5.89
Forfeited	(77,000)		7.14	(110,000)		7.56	(53,000)		5.13
Outstanding at end     of year	2,462,000	$	7.41	2,568,000	$	7.33	2,790,000	$	7.25
Exercisable at end     of year	1,437,000	$	10.06	1,649,000	$	9.06	1,964,000	$	8.12

The following table summarizes information about stock options at December 31, 2013:

	Options Outstanding						Options Exercisable
		Weighted -
		Average		Weighted -					Weighted -
		Remaining		Average		Aggregate			Average		Aggregate
Exercise	Number	Contractual		Exercise		Intrinsic	Number		Exercise		Intrinsic
Prices ($)	Outstanding	Life		Price		Value	Outstanding		Price		Value
1.97 - 3.81	745,000	6 years	$	3.13			615,000	$	3.14
3.82 - 7.40	1,292,000	6 years		5.78			596,000		6.03
7.41 - 14.15	519,000	2 years		10.70			519,000		10.70
14.16 - 19.94	73,000	2 years		17.30			73,000		17.30
19.95 - 25.38	161,000	2 years		22.38			161,000		22.38
	2,790,000	5 years	$	7.25	$	2,350,000	1,964,000	$	8.12	$	1,818,000

						Weighted-
			Weighted-			Average
			Average		Aggregate	Remaining
	Number		Exercise		Intrinsic	Contractual
	Outstanding		Price		Value	Life
Options exercisable at December 31,     2013	1,964,000	$	8.12	$	1,818,000	3.26
Vested and expected to vest at December     31, 2013	2,790,000	$	7.25	$	2,350,000	4.74

The fair value of each option grant on the date of grant is estimated using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model reflecting the following weighted-average assumptions:

	December 31,
	2011			2012			2013
Expected volatility		54.1% - 57.2	%		44.4% - 55.5	%		44.4% - 54.8	%
Expected life of options		3.0 - 5.0 years			3.0 - 5.0 years			4.0 - 5.0 years
Risk free interest rate		1.6	%		0.5	%		0.6	%
Dividend yield		0	%		0	%		0	%
Weighted-average fair value of options granted during the year	$	1.91		$	1.86		$	2.17

Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of the Company’s common stock and the expected life of options is based on historical data with respect to employee exercise periods.

For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Company recorded $782,000, $614,000 and $579,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense in connection with the stock option grants. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 was $35,000, $83,000 and $209,000, respectively.

The fair value of options vested during the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 was $773,000, $657,000 and $633,000, respectively. As of December 31, 2013, there was $987,000 of total unrecognized compensation costs related to non-vested options granted under the Company’s stock option plans. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.84 years.

[B] Restricted Stock Awards:

In 2006, the Company began granting restricted stock to employees, whereby the employees are contractually restricted from transferring the shares until they are vested. The stock is unvested at the time of grant and, upon vesting, there are no legal restrictions on the stock. The fair value of each share is based on the Company’s closing stock price on the date of the grant. A summary of the non-vested shares for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 is as follows:

		Weighted -
		Average
	Number of	Grant
	Non-vested	Date
	Shares	Fair Value
Non-vested at January 1, 2011	319,000	$	3.07
Granted	63,000		4.55
Vested	(21,000)		2.88
Forfeited	-		-
Non-vested at December 31, 2011	361,000	$	3.34
Granted	75,000		5.93
Vested	(143,000)		3.79
Forfeited	-		-
Non-vested at December 31, 2012	293,000	$	3.79
Granted	101,000		5.67
Vested	(183,000)		3.35
Forfeited	(11,000)		4.92
Non-vested at December 31, 2013	200,000	$	5.08

For the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013, the Company recorded $370,000, $510,000 and $527,000 respectively, of stock-based compensation expense in connection with the restricted stock grants. As of December 31, 2013, there was $518,000 of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested shares. That cost is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 1.69 years.

[C] Performance Shares:

The Company grants performance shares to certain key employees pursuant to the 2007 Equity Compensation Plan, as amended. The issuance of the shares of the Company’s common stock underlying the performance shares is subject to the achievement of stock price targets of the Company’s common stock at the end of a three-year measurement period from the date of issuance, with the ability to achieve prorated performance shares during interim annual measurement periods. The annual measurement period is based on a trading-day average of the Company’s stock after the announcement of annual results. If the stock price performance triggers are not met, the performance shares will not vest and will automatically be returned to the plan. If the stock price performance triggers are met, then the shares will be issued to the employees. Under the applicable accounting guidance, stock compensation expense at the fair value of the shares expected to vest is recorded even if the aforementioned stock price targets are not met. Stock-based compensation expense related to these performance shares for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013 was insignificant.

The following table summarizes the activity relating to the Company’s performance shares for the years ended December 31, 2011, 2012 and 2013:

	Non-vested
	Shares
Performance shares, non-vested, January 1, 2011	327,000
Granted	-
Vested	-
Forfeited	-
Performance shares, non-vested, December 31, 2011	327,000
Granted	40,000
Vested	-
Forfeited	(233,000)
Performance shares, non-vested, December 31, 2012	134,000
Granted	-
Vested	-
Forfeited	(100,000)
Performance shares, non-vested, December 31, 2013	34,000

[D] Warrants:

In connection with the Purchase Agreement with Avis Budget Group, Inc. (“Avis Budget Group”) entered into on August 22, 2011 (the “Effective Date”), the Company issued and sold to Avis Budget Group a warrant (the “Warrant”) to purchase up to an aggregate of 600,000 shares of the Company’s common stock (collectively, the “Warrant Shares”) at an exercise price of $10.00 per share of common stock. The Warrant is exercisable (i) with respect to 100,000 shares of common stock, at any time after the Effective Date and on or before the fifth (5th) anniversary thereof, and (ii) with respect to 500,000 shares of common stock, at any time on or after the date (if any) on which Avis Budget Car Rental, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (“ABCR”) and the subsidiary of Avis Budget Group that is  the counterparty under the Master Agreement (described in Note 3 to the Consolidated Financial Statements), executes and delivers to the Company SOW#2 (as defined in the Master Agreement) and on or before the fifth (5th) anniversary of the Effective Date.

The Warrant may be exercised by means of a “cashless exercise” solely in the event that on the later of (i) the one-year anniversary of the Effective Date and (ii) the date on which the Warrant is exercised by the holder, the Company is eligible to file a registration statement on Form S-3 to register the Warrant Shares for resale by the holder and a re-sale registration statement on Form S-3 registering the Warrant Shares for resale by the holder is not then declared effective by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) and available for use by the holder.  The Company has agreed to file such a registration statement (on Form S-3 only, or a successor thereto) within 30 days of the holder’s request therefor, and to have such registration statement declared effective within 90 days of such request, if there is no review by the Staff of the SEC, and within 120 days, if there has been a review by the Staff of the SEC. As of December 31, 2013, the Company has not yet been requested to file such a registration statement.

The exercise price of the Warrant and, in some cases, the number of shares of our common stock issuable upon exercise, are subject to adjustment in the case of stock splits, stock dividends, combinations of shares, similar recapitalization transactions and certain pro-rata distributions to holders of common stock.  In the event of a fundamental transaction involving the Company, such as a merger, consolidation, sale of substantially all of the Company’s assets or similar reorganization or recapitalization, the holder will be entitled to receive, upon exercise of the Warrant, any securities or other consideration received by the holders of the Company’s common stock pursuant to such fundamental transaction.

The Company is required to reserve a sufficient number of shares of common stock for the purpose enabling the Company to issue the Warrant Shares pursuant to any exercise of the Warrants. As of December 31, 2013, the Company has sufficient shares reserved.

The 100,000 Warrant Shares which vested on the Effective Date were valued at $137,000 based on a Black-Scholes pricing model using the following assumptions: risk-free interest rate of 0.941%, expected life of 5 years, expected volatility of 54.6% and an expected dividend yield of 0.0%.  The $137,000 fair value was recorded as reduction of product revenue pursuant to the applicable accounting guidance during the third quarter of 2011. The Company has determined that the Warrants should be accounted for as an equity instrument.

The remaining 500,000 Warrant Shares underlying the Warrant, which vest upon the execution of SOW#2, have not been valued at this time since the Company has not determined that it is probable that SOW#2 will be executed and that the Warrant will become exercisable for these remaining 500,000 Warrant Shares.  Since there is no penalty for failure to execute SOW#2, there is no performance commitment date and, therefore, there is no measurement date for these 500,000 Warrant Shares underlying the Warrant until SOW#2 is executed.