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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2016
Accounting Policies [Abstract]  
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block]
Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(b) Principles of Consolidation

The accounts of Houston Electric and its wholly-owned subsidiaries are included in Houston Electric’s consolidated financial statements. All intercompany transactions and balances are eliminated in consolidation. As of December 31, 2016, Houston Electric had VIEs consisting of the Bond Companies, which it consolidates. The consolidated VIEs are wholly-owned, bankruptcy remote special purpose entities that were formed specifically for the purpose of securitizing transition and system restoration related property. Creditors of Houston Electric have no recourse to any assets or revenues of the Bond Companies. The bonds issued by these VIEs are payable only from and secured by transition and system restoration property and the bondholders have no recourse to the general credit of Houston Electric.

(c) Revenues

Houston Electric records revenue for electricity delivery under the accrual method and these revenues are recognized upon delivery to customers. Electricity deliveries not billed by month-end are accrued based on actual AMS data, daily supply volumes and applicable rates.

(d) Long-lived Assets and Intangibles

Houston Electric records property, plant and equipment at historical cost. Houston Electric expenses repair and maintenance costs as incurred.

Houston Electric periodically evaluates long-lived assets, including property, plant and equipment, and specifically identifiable intangibles, when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value of these assets may not be recoverable. The determination of whether an impairment has occurred is based on an estimate of undiscounted cash flows attributable to the assets compared to the carrying value of the assets.

(e) Regulatory Assets and Liabilities

Houston Electric applies the guidance for accounting for regulated operations. Houston Electric’s rate-regulated subsidiaries may collect revenues subject to refund pending final determination in rate proceedings. In connection with such revenues, estimated rate refund liabilities are recorded which reflect management’s current judgment of the ultimate outcomes of the proceedings.

Houston Electric had current regulatory liabilities of $7 million and $2 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, included in other current liabilities in its Consolidated Balance Sheets.

Houston Electric recognizes removal costs as a component of depreciation expense in accordance with regulatory treatment. As of December 31, 2016 and 2015, these removal costs of $345 million and $350 million, respectively, are classified as regulatory liabilities in Houston Electric’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. In addition, a portion of the amount of removal costs that relate to AROs has been reclassified from a regulatory liability to an asset retirement liability in accordance with accounting guidance for AROs.

(f) Depreciation and Amortization Expense

Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method based on economic lives or a regulatory-mandated recovery period. Transition and system restoration property is being amortized over the expected life of the Securitization Bonds (12 to 14 years), based on estimated revenue from transition or system restoration charges, interest accruals and other expenses. Other amortization expense includes amortization of regulatory assets and other intangibles.

(g) Capitalization of Interest and AFUDC

Interest and AFUDC are capitalized as a component of projects under construction and are amortized over the assets’ estimated useful lives once the assets are placed in service. AFUDC represents the composite interest cost of borrowed funds and a reasonable return on the equity funds used for construction. Although AFUDC increases both utility plant and earnings, it is realized in cash when the assets are included in rates. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, Houston Electric capitalized interest and AFUDC of $6 million, $8 million and $10 million, respectively. During 2016, 2015 and 2014, Houston Electric recorded AFUDC equity of $6 million, $12 million and $14 million, respectively, which is included in Other Income in its Statements of Consolidated Income.

(h) Income Taxes

Houston Electric is a member of the U.S. federal consolidated income tax return of CenterPoint Energy. Houston Electric reports its income tax provision on a separate entity basis pursuant to a tax sharing agreement with CenterPoint Energy.  Houston Electric uses the asset and liability method of accounting for deferred income taxes. Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. A valuation allowance is established against deferred tax assets for which management believes realization is not considered to be more likely than not. Houston Electric recognizes interest and penalties as a component of income tax expense. Current federal and certain state income taxes are payable to or receivable from CenterPoint Energy.

(i) Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Accounts receivable are recorded at the invoiced amount and do not bear interest. It is the policy of management to review the outstanding accounts receivable monthly, as well as the bad debt write-offs experienced in the past, and establish an allowance for doubtful accounts. Account balances are charged off against the allowance when management determines it is probable the receivable will not be recovered. The provision for doubtful accounts in Houston Electric’s Statements of Consolidated Income for 2016, 2015 and 2014 was less than $1 million, less than $1 million and $3 million, respectively.

(j) Inventory

Inventory consists principally of materials and supplies and is valued at the lower of average cost or market. Materials and supplies are recorded to inventory when purchased and subsequently charged to expense or capitalized to plant when installed.

(k) Statements of Consolidated Cash Flows

For purposes of reporting cash flows, Houston Electric considers cash equivalents to be short-term, highly-liquid investments with maturities of three months or less from the date of purchase. In connection with the issuance of securitization bonds, Houston Electric was required to establish restricted cash accounts to collateralize the bonds that were issued in these financing transactions. These restricted cash accounts are not available for withdrawal until the maturity of the bonds and are not included in cash and cash equivalents. These restricted cash accounts of $40 million and $35 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, are included in other current assets in Houston Electric’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. For additional information regarding Securitization Bonds, see Note 8. Cash and cash equivalents included $340 million and $264 million as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively, that was held by the Bond Companies solely to support servicing the Securitization Bonds.

(l) New Accounting Pronouncements

In February 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-02, Consolidation (Topic 810): Amendments to the Consolidation Analysis (ASU 2015-02). ASU 2015-02 changes the analysis that reporting organizations must perform to evaluate whether they should consolidate certain legal entities, such as limited partnerships. The changes include, among others, modification of the evaluation of whether limited partnerships and similar legal entities are VIEs or voting interest entities and elimination of the presumption that a general partner should consolidate a limited partnership. ASU 2015-02 does not amend the related party guidance for situations in which power is shared between two or more entities that hold interests in a VIE. Houston Electric adopted ASU 2015-02 on January 1, 2016, which did not have a material impact on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures.

In April 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-03, Interest-Imputation of Interest (Subtopic 835-30): Simplifying the Presentation of Debt Issuance Cost (ASU 2015-03). ASU 2015-03 requires that debt issuance costs related to a recognized debt liability be presented in the balance sheet as a direct deduction from the carrying amount of that debt liability, consistent with debt discounts. The recognition and measurement guidance for debt issuance costs are not affected by ASU 2015-03. Houston Electric adopted ASU 2015-03 retrospectively on January 1, 2016, which resulted in a reduction of both other long-term assets and total long-term debt on its Consolidated Balance Sheets. Houston Electric had debt issuance costs, excluding amounts related to credit facility arrangements, of $23 million and $21 million as a reduction to long-term debt on its Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015, respectively.

In May 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-07, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosures for Investments in Certain Entities That Calculate Net Asset Value per Share (or Its Equivalent) (ASU 2015-07). ASU 2015-07 removes the requirement to categorize within the fair value hierarchy investments for which fair values are measured at NAV using the practical expedient. Entities will be required to disclose the fair value of investments measured using the NAV practical expedient so that financial statement users can reconcile amounts reported in the fair value hierarchy table to amounts reported on the balance sheet. Houston Electric retrospectively adopted ASU 2015-07 on January 1, 2016, which impacts its employee benefit plan disclosures. See Note 5 for the impacts on the employee benefit plan disclosures. This standard did not have an impact on Houston Electric’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In September 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-16, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Simplifying the Accounting for Measurement-Period Adjustments (ASU 2015-16). ASU 2015-16 eliminates the requirement for an acquirer in a business combination to account for measurement-period adjustments retrospectively. Instead, an acquirer would recognize a measurement-period adjustment during the period in which the amount of the adjustment is determined. Houston Electric prospectively adopted ASU 2015-16 on January 1, 2016, which did not have an impact on its financial position, results of operations or cash flows.

In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Financial Instruments-Overall (Subtopic 825-10): Recognition and Measurement of Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities (ASU 2016-01). ASU 2016-01 requires equity investments that do not result in consolidation and are not accounted for under the equity method to be measured at fair value and to recognize any changes in fair value in net income unless the investments qualify for the new practicability exception. It does not change the guidance for classifying and measuring investments in debt securities and loans. ASU 2016-01 also changes certain disclosure requirements and other aspects related to recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities. ASU 2016-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those years, beginning after December 15, 2017. As of the first reporting period in which the guidance is adopted, a cumulative-effect adjustment to beginning retained earnings will be made, with two features that will be adopted prospectively. Houston Electric is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures.

In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) (ASU 2016-02). ASU 2016-02 provides a comprehensive new lease model that requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for most leases and would change certain aspects of lessor accounting. ASU 2016-02 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018, with early adoption permitted. A modified retrospective adoption approach is required. Houston Electric is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its financial position, results of operations, cash flows and disclosures.

In 2016, the FASB issued ASUs which amended ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). ASU 2014-09, as amended, provides a comprehensive new revenue recognition model that requires revenue to be recognized in a manner that depicts the transfer of goods or services to a customer at an amount that reflects the consideration expected to be received in exchange for those goods or services. Early adoption is not permitted, and entities have the option of using either a full retrospective or a modified retrospective adoption approach. Houston Electric is currently evaluating its revenue streams under these ASUs and has not yet identified any significant changes as the result of these new standards. A substantial amount of Houston Electric’s revenues are tariff based, which we do not anticipate significant impact from these ASUs. Houston Electric is considering the impacts of the new guidance on its ability to recognize revenue for certain contracts when collectability is uncertain and its accounting for contributions in aid of construction. Houston Electric expects to adopt these ASUs on January 1, 2018 and is evaluating the method of adoption.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments (ASU 2016-15). ASU 2016-15 provides clarifying guidance on the classification of certain cash receipts and payments in the statement of cash flows and eliminates the variation in practice related to such classifications. ASU 2016-15 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. A retrospective adoption approach is required. Houston Electric is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its statement of cash flows.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (ASU 2016-18). ASU 2016-18 requires a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. As a result the statement of cash flows will no longer present transfers between cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents. When cash, cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents are presented in more than one line item on the balance sheet, the new guidance requires a reconciliation of the totals in the statement of cash flows to the related captions in the balance sheet. ASU 2016-18 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted. A retrospective adoption approach is required. Houston Electric is currently assessing the impact that this standard will have on its statement of cash flows and disclosures.

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Clarifying the Definition of a Business (ASU 2017-01). ASU 2017-01 revises the definition of a business. If substantially all of the fair value of the gross assets acquired is concentrated in a single identifiable asset or a group of similar identifiable assets, then under ASU 2017-01, the asset or group of assets is not a business. The guidance also requires a business to include at least one substantive process and narrows the definition of outputs to be more closely aligned with how outputs are described in ASC 606. ASU 2017-01 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2017, with early adoption permitted in certain circumstances. A prospective adoption approach is required. ASU 2017-01 could have a potential impact on Houston Electric’s accounting for future acquisitions.

Management believes that other recently issued standards, which are not yet effective, will not have a material impact on Houston Electric’s consolidated financial position, results of operations or cash flows upon adoption.

(m) Other Current Liabilities

Included in other current liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of December 31, 2016 and 2015 was $17 million and $12 million, respectively, of customer deposits primarily held by the Bond Companies.

(n) Environmental Costs

Houston Electric expenses or capitalizes environmental expenditures, as appropriate, depending on their future economic benefit. Houston Electric expenses amounts that relate to an existing condition caused by past operations that do not have future economic benefit. Houston Electric records undiscounted liabilities related to these future costs when environmental assessments and/or remediation activities are probable and the costs can be reasonably estimated.