10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

☒ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2023

OR

☐ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from              to            

Commission file number 1-4221

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware	73-0679879
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1437 South Boulder Avenue, Suite 1400, Tulsa, Oklahoma 74119

(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)

(918) 742-5531

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

N/A

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year,

if changed since last report)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class	Trading symbol(s)	Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock ($0.10 par value)	HP	New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒  No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non‑accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer	☒	Accelerated filer	☐
Non-accelerated filer	☐	Smaller reporting company	☐
		Emerging growth company	☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the Registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b‑2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐  No ☒

CLASS	OUTSTANDING AT April 20, 2023
Common Stock, $0.10 par value	102,584,517

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
INDEX TO FORM 10‑Q
PART I		3
Item 1.	Financial Statements	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022	3
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	4
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	5
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	6
	Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022	8
	Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements	10
Item 2.	Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	30
Item 3.	Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk	46
Item 4.	Controls and Procedures	46
PART II.		46
Item 1.	Legal Proceedings	46
Item 1A.	Risk Factors	47
Item 2.	Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	47
Item 6.	Exhibits	47
SIGNATURES		47

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 2

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
	March 31,		September 30,
(in thousands except share data and share amounts)	2023		2022
ASSETS
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$	159,672	$	232,131
Restricted cash	53,231		36,246
Short-term investments	85,090		117,101
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $6,096 and $2,975, respectively	525,611		458,713
Inventories of materials and supplies, net	99,408		87,957
Prepaid expenses and other, net	80,090		66,463
Assets held-for-sale	1,349		4,333
Total current assets	1,004,451		1,002,944
Investments	261,960		218,981
Property, plant and equipment, net	2,931,301		2,960,809
Other Noncurrent Assets:
Goodwill	45,653		45,653
Intangible assets, net	63,790		67,154
Operating lease right-of-use assets	37,150		39,064
Other assets, net	21,428		20,926
Total other noncurrent assets	168,021		172,797
Total assets	$	4,365,733	$	4,355,531
LIABILITIES & SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	$	160,101	$	126,966
Dividends payable	50,409		26,693
Accrued liabilities	203,211		241,151
Total current liabilities	413,721		394,810
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Long-term debt, net	542,734		542,610
Deferred income taxes	540,316		537,712
Other	113,156		114,927
Total noncurrent liabilities	1,196,206		1,195,249
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, $0.10 par value, 160,000,000 shares authorized, 112,222,865 shares issued as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, and 102,584,517 and 105,293,662 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively	11,222		11,222
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued	—		—
Additional paid-in capital	509,205		528,278
Retained earnings	2,608,100		2,473,572
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,560)		(12,072)
Treasury stock, at cost, 9,638,348 shares and 6,929,203 shares as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively	(361,161)		(235,528)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,755,806		2,765,472
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$	4,365,733	$	4,355,531

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 3

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
OPERATING REVENUES
Drilling services	$	766,682	$	465,370	$	1,483,852	$	872,904
Other	2,540		2,227		5,007		4,475
	769,222		467,597		1,488,859		877,379
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
Drilling services operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization	449,110		339,759		877,361		639,411
Other operating expenses	1,188		1,181		2,314		2,363
Depreciation and amortization	96,255		102,937		192,910		203,374
Research and development	8,702		6,387		15,635		12,914
Selling, general and administrative	52,855		47,051		101,310		90,766
Asset impairment charges	—		—		12,097		4,363
Restructuring charges	—		63		—		805
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(11,574)		(6,448)		(27,298)		(11,702)
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets	(2,519)		(716)		(4,898)		313
	594,017		490,214		1,169,431		942,607
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS	175,205		(22,617)		319,428		(65,228)
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055		3,399		9,760		5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)		(4,390)		(8,594)		(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752		22,132		24,661		69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		(60,083)
Other	(743)		(476)		(1,403)		(1,018)
	39,825		20,665		24,424		4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	215,030		(1,952)		343,852		(60,851)
Income tax expense (benefit)	51,129		2,672		83,524		(4,896)
Income (loss) from continuing operations	163,901		(4,624)		260,328		(55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes	139		(352)		857		(383)
Income tax expense	—		—		—		—
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$	164,040	$	(4,976)	$	261,185	$	(56,338)
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic	103,968		105,393		104,615		106,494
Diluted	104,363		105,393		105,003		106,494

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 4

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Net income (loss)	$	164,040	$	(4,976)	$	261,185	$	(56,338)
Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes:
Net change related to employee benefit plans, net of income taxes of $(0.1) million and $(0.2) million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively, and $(0.1) million and $(0.2) million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively	256		394		512		788
Other comprehensive income	256		394		512		788
Comprehensive income (loss)	$	164,296	$	(4,582)	$	261,697	$	(55,550)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 5

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
	Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
	Common Stock			Additional  Paid-In  Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated  Other  Comprehensive  Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Shares	Amount								Shares	Amount		Total
Balance at September 30, 2022	112,222	$	11,222	$	528,278	$	2,473,572	$	(12,072)	6,929	$	(235,528)	$	2,765,472
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—	—		—		97,145		—		—	—		97,145
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		256		—	—		256
Dividends declared ($0.25 base per share, $0.235 supplemental per share)	—	—		—		(76,611)		—		—	—		(76,611)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	—	—		(22,776)		—		—		(449)	13,293		(9,483)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		8,273		—		—		—	—		8,273
Share repurchases	—	—		—		—		—		844	(39,060)		(39,060)
Other	—	—		(847)		—		—		—	—		(847)
Balance at December 31, 2022	112,222	$	11,222	$	512,928	$	2,494,106	$	(11,816)	7,324	$	(261,295)	$	2,745,145
Comprehensive income:
Net income	—	—		—		164,040		—		—	—		164,040
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		256		—	—		256
Dividends declared ($0.25 base per share, $0.235 supplemental per share)	—	—		—		(50,046)		—		—	—		(50,046)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	—	—		(11,769)		—		—		(229)	6,842		(4,927)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		7,431		—		—		—	—		7,431
Share repurchases	—	—		—		—		—		2,543	(106,708)		(106,708)
Other	—	—		615		—		—		—	—		615
Balance at March 31, 2023	112,222	$	11,222	$	509,205	$	2,608,100	$	(11,560)	9,638	$	(361,161)	$	2,755,806

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 6

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (CONTINUED)
	Three and Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
	Common Stock			Additional  Paid-In  Capital		Retained Earnings		Accumulated  Other  Comprehensive  Income (Loss)		Treasury Stock
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Shares	Amount								Shares	Amount		Total
Balance at September 30, 2021	112,222	$	11,222	$	529,903	$	2,573,375	$	(20,244)	4,324	$	(181,638)	$	2,912,618
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net loss	—	—		—		(51,362)		—		—	—		(51,362)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		394		—	—		394
Dividends declared ($0.25 base per share)	—	—		—		(26,807)		—		—	—		(26,807)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	—	—		(21,152)		—		—		(381)	17,040		(4,112)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		6,218		—		—		—	—		6,218
Share repurchases	—	—		—		—		—		2,548	(60,358)		(60,358)
Balance at December 31, 2021	112,222	$	11,222	$	514,969	$	2,495,206	$	(19,850)	6,491	$	(224,956)	$	2,776,591
Comprehensive income (loss):
Net loss	—	—		—		(4,976)		—		—	—		(4,976)
Other comprehensive income	—	—		—		—		394		—	—		394
Dividends declared ($0.25 base per share)	—	—		—		(26,565)		—		—	—		(26,565)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes		—		(7,197)		—		—		(161)	5,805		(1,392)
Stock-based compensation	—	—		7,945		—		—		—	—		7,945
Share repurchases	—	—		—		—		—		607	(16,641)		(16,641)
Other	—	—		(946)		—				—	—		(946)
Balance at March 31, 2022	112,222	$	11,222	$	514,771	$	2,463,665	$	(19,456)	6,937	$	(235,792)	$	2,734,410

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 7

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$	261,185	$	(56,338)
Adjustment for (income) loss from discontinued operations	(857)		383
Income (loss) from continuing operations	260,328		(55,955)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	192,910		203,374
Asset impairment charges	12,097		4,363
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	664		559
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		60,083
Provision for credit loss	3,222		669
Stock-based compensation	15,704		14,163
Gain on investment securities	(24,661)		(69,994)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(27,298)		(11,702)
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets	(4,898)		313
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	3,165		(11,597)
Other	2,024		(4,287)
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(70,680)		(103,751)
Inventories of materials and supplies	(12,116)		158
Prepaid expenses and other	(16,387)		(4,068)
Other noncurrent assets	(1,060)		10,375
Accounts payable	33,610		32,138
Accrued liabilities	(42,614)		(29,322)
Deferred income tax liability	(711)		196
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,006		(16,777)
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations	326,305		18,938
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations	(51)		(42)
Net cash provided by operating activities	326,254		18,896
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures	(181,479)		(104,482)
Other capital expenditures related to assets held-for-sale	—		(10,550)
Purchase of short-term investments	(64,418)		(68,565)
Purchase of long-term investments	(18,771)		(14,124)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	97,744		117,456
Proceeds from asset sales	47,718		34,944
Net cash used in investing activities	(119,206)		(45,321)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Dividends paid	(102,941)		(54,007)
Payments for employee taxes on net settlement of equity awards	(14,410)		(5,503)
Payment of contingent consideration from acquisition of business	(250)		(250)
Payments for early extinguishment of long-term debt	—		(487,148)
Make-whole premium payment	—		(56,421)
Share repurchases	(145,013)		(76,999)
Other	(540)		(587)
Net cash used in financing activities	(263,154)		(680,915)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(56,106)		(707,340)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	269,009		936,716
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	$	212,903	$	229,376

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 8

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (CONTINUED)
	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
SUPPLEMENTAL DISCLOSURE OF CASH FLOW INFORMATION:
Cash paid during the period:
Interest paid	$	8,919	$	10,798
Income tax paid	118,090		695
Income tax received	25,687		62
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities:
Payments for operating leases	5,970		6,069
Non-cash operating and investing activities:
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to purchases of property, plant and equipment	601		(2,431)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 9

HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.

NOTES TO UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

NOTE 1 NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (“H&P,” which, together with its subsidiaries, is identified as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” except where stated or the context requires otherwise) through its operating subsidiaries provides performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies that are intended to make hydrocarbon recovery safer and more economical for oil and gas exploration and production companies.

Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." Refer to Note 13—Business Segments and Geographic Information for further details on our reportable segments.

Our North America Solutions operations are primarily located in Texas, but also traditionally operate in other states, depending on demand. Such states include: Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Additionally, Offshore Gulf of Mexico operations are conducted in Louisiana and in U.S. federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico and our International Solutions operations have rigs and/or services primarily located in four international locations: Argentina, Bahrain, Colombia and the United Arab Emirates. Our operations in Australia are expected to begin in the latter half of fiscal year 2023.

We also own and operate a limited number of commercial real estate properties located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our real estate investments include a shopping center and undeveloped real estate.

NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Interim Financial Information

The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of those of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company gains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income, expenses and other comprehensive income or loss of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the fiscal year are included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are subject to potential credit risk, and certain of our cash accounts carry balances greater than the federally insured limits.

    We had restricted cash of $53.2 million and $27.2 million at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $36.9 million and $19.2 million at September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Of the total at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, is related to the acquisition of drilling technology companies, and $52.6 million and $35.8 million, respectively, represents an amount management has elected to restrict for the purpose of potential insurance claims in our wholly-owned captive insurance companies. The restricted amounts are primarily invested in short-term money market securities.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 10

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

	March 31,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	159,672	$	202,206	$	232,131	$	917,534
Restricted cash	53,231		26,438		36,246		18,350
Restricted cash - long-term:
Other assets, net	—		732		632		832
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	212,903	$	229,376	$	269,009	$	936,716

Recently Issued Accounting Updates

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of ASUs listed below, immaterial, or already adopted by the Company.

The following table provides a brief description of recently adopted accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial  Statements or Other Significant Matters
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own equity (subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts In An Entity’s Own Equity	This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for convertible debt and other equity-linked instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021.	October 1, 2022	We adopted this ASU, as required, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.
ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments in this update clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value (i.e., the entity would not apply a discount related to the contractual sale restriction). Furthermore, an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions will be required: (1) the fair value of the equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet, (2) the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s), and (3) the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s). This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023.	October 1, 2022	We early adopted this ASU during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

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Self-Insurance

Our wholly-owned insurance captives (the "Captives") incurred direct operating costs consisting primarily of adjustments to accruals for estimated losses of $1.7 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $4.7 million and $(0.4) million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $10.9 million and $7.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively, and $20.9 million and $16.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. These operating costs were recorded within drilling services operating expenses in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $17.7 million and $13.2 million respectively, and $34.1 million and $26.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. These intercompany insurance premiums are reflected as segment operating expenses within the North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico, and International Solutions reportable operating segments and are reflected as intersegment sales within "Other." The Company self-insures employee health plan exposures in excess of employee deductibles. Starting in the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, the Captive insurer issued a stop-loss program that will reimburse the Company's health plan for claims that exceed $50,000. This program is reviewed at the end of each policy year by an outside actuary. Our medical stop loss operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $2.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively, and $5.3 million and $6.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

International Solutions Drilling Risks

International Solutions drilling operations may significantly contribute to our revenues and net operating income (loss). There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully conduct such operations, and a failure to do so may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Also, the success of our International Solutions operations will be subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, modified exchange controls, changes in international regulatory requirements and international employment issues, risk of expropriation of real and personal property and the burden of complying with foreign laws. Additionally, in the event that extended labor strikes occur or a country experiences significant political, economic or social instability, we could experience shortages in labor and/or material and supplies necessary to operate some of our drilling rigs, thereby potentially causing an adverse material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have also experienced certain risks specific to our Argentine operations. In Argentina, while our dayrate is denominated in U.S. dollars, we are paid the equivalent in Argentine pesos. The Argentine branch of one of our second-tier subsidiaries remits U.S. dollars to its U.S. parent by converting the Argentine pesos into U.S. dollars through the Argentine Foreign Exchange Market and repatriating the U.S. dollars. Argentina also has a history of implementing currency controls that restrict the conversion and repatriation of U.S. dollars. In September 2020, Argentina implemented additional currency controls in an effort to preserve Argentina's U.S. dollar reserves. As a result of these currency controls, our ability to remit funds from our Argentine subsidiary to its U.S. parent has been limited. In the past, the Argentine government has also instituted price controls on crude oil, diesel and gasoline prices and instituted an exchange rate freeze in connection with those prices. These price controls and an exchange rate freeze could be instituted again in the future. Further, there are additional concerns regarding Argentina's debt burden, notwithstanding Argentina's restructuring deal with international bondholders in August 2020, as Argentina attempts to manage its substantial sovereign debt issues. These concerns could further negatively impact Argentina's economy and adversely affect our Argentine operations. Argentina’s economy is considered highly inflationary, which is defined as cumulative inflation rates exceeding 100 percent in the most recent three-year period based on inflation data published by the respective governments. Nonetheless, all of our foreign subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency and local currency monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars with gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions included in current results of operations.

We recorded aggregate foreign currency losses of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 respectively, and $2.4 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. In the future, we may incur larger currency devaluations, foreign exchange restrictions or other difficulties repatriating U.S. dollars from Argentina or elsewhere, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As of March 31, 2023, our cash balance in Argentina was $16.3 million.

Because of the impact of local laws, our future operations in certain areas may be conducted through entities in which local citizens own interests and through entities (including joint ventures) in which we hold only a minority interest or pursuant to arrangements under which we conduct operations under contract to local entities. While we believe that neither operating through such entities nor pursuant to such arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our operations or revenues, there can be no assurance that we will in all cases be able to structure or restructure our operations to conform to local law (or the administration thereof) on terms acceptable to us.

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Although we attempt to minimize the potential impact of such risks by operating in more than one geographical area, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 7.4 percent and 7.5 percent of our operating revenues were generated from international locations compared to 5.9 percent and 7.5 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 86.3 percent and 88.4 percent of operating revenues from international locations were from operations in South America compared to 75.8 percent and 76.6 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of the South American operating revenues were from Argentina and Colombia. The future occurrence of one or more international events arising from the types of risks described above could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

NOTE 3 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 consisted of the following:

(in thousands)	Estimated Useful Lives	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Drilling services equipment	4 - 15 years	$	6,338,257	$	6,369,888
Tubulars	4 years	571,945		569,496
Real estate properties	10 - 45 years	46,293		45,557
Other	2 - 23 years	436,243		422,479
Construction in progress1		99,623		70,119
		7,492,361		7,477,539
Accumulated depreciation		(4,561,060)		(4,516,730)
Property, plant and equipment, net		$	2,931,301	$	2,960,809
Assets held-for-sale		$	1,349	$	4,333

(1)Included in construction in progress are costs for projects in progress to upgrade or refurbish certain rigs in our existing fleet. Additionally, we include other advances for capital maintenance purchase-orders that are open/in process. As these various projects are completed, the costs are then classified to their appropriate useful life category.

Depreciation

Depreciation expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $94.6 million and $101.1 million including abandonments of $1.0 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Depreciation expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $189.5 million and $199.8 million including abandonments of $2.1 million and $3.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In November 2022, a fire at a wellsite caused substantial damage to one of our super spec-rigs within our North America Solutions segment. The major components were destroyed beyond repair and considered a total loss, and, as a result, these assets were written off and the rig was removed from our available rig count. At the time of the loss, the rig was fully insured under replacement cost insurance. The insurance recovery is expected to exceed the net book value of the components written off. The loss of $9.2 million is recorded as abandonment expense within Depreciation and amortization in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and is offset by an insurance recovery that was also recognized within Depreciation and Amortization for the same amount as the loss. Any insurance proceeds in excess of the loss will be recognized once it is collected.

Assets Held-for-Sale

The following table summarizes the balance (in thousands) of our assets held-for-sale at the dates indicated below:

Balance at September 30, 2022	$	4,333
Plus:
Asset additions	767
Less:
Sale of assets held-for-sale	(1,018)
Impairment expense	(2,733)
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	1,349

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Fiscal Year 2023 Activity

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company initiated a plan to decommission and scrap four international FlexRig® drilling rigs and four conventional drilling rigs located in Argentina that are not suitable for unconventional drilling. As a result, these rigs were reclassified to Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023. The rigs’ aggregate net book value of $8.8 million was written down to the estimated scrap value of $0.7 million, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $8.1 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2023.

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, our North America Solutions assets that were previously classified as Assets held-for-sale at September 30, 2022 were either sold or written down to scrap value. The aggregate net book value of these remaining assets was $3.0 million, which exceeded the estimated scrap value of $0.3 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $2.7 million. During the same period, we also identified additional equipment that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and was reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The aggregate net book value of the equipment of $1.4 million was written down to its estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023. These impairment charges are recorded within our North America Solutions segment in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Fiscal Year 2022 Activity

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we closed on the sale of our trucking and casing running assets for total consideration less costs to sell of $6.0 million, in addition to the possibility of future earnout proceeds, resulting in a loss of $3.4 million recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 we recognized $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, in earnout proceeds associated with the sale of our trucking services assets within Other (gain) loss on sale of assets on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we identified two partial rig substructures that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The combined net book value of the rig substructures of $2.0 million were written down to their estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.9 million within our North America Solutions segment and recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2022. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, we completed the sale of these assets with a net book value of approximately $0.1 million, resulting in no gain or loss as a result of the sale. Two international FlexRig® drilling rigs located in Colombia were identified that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In conjunction with establishing a plan to sell the two international FlexRig® drilling rigs, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $2.5 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2022, as the rigs aggregate net book value of $3.4 million exceeded the fair value of the rigs less estimated cost to sell of $0.9 million. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, we completed the sale of the two international FlexRig® drilling rigs for total consideration of $0.9 million, resulting in no gain or loss as a result of the sale.

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, ADNOC Drilling accepted delivery of two rigs located in the U.A.E. with a net book value of $4.1 million and, as a result, we recognized a gain of $1.2 million, after incurring $2.4 million of selling costs, during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the rigs were removed from assets classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2022. The gain of $1.2 million is recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022.

The significant assumptions utilized in the valuations of held-for-sale were based on our intended method of disposal, historical sales of similar assets, and market quotes and are classified as Level 2 and Level 3 inputs by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures. Although we believe the assumptions used in our analysis are reasonable and appropriate, different assumptions and estimates could materially impact the analysis and our resulting conclusion.

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(Gain)/Loss on Sale of Assets

Gain on Reimbursement of Drilling Equipment

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 we recognized a gain of $11.6 million, $27.3 million, $6.4 million, and $11.7 million, respectively, related to customer reimbursement for the current replacement value of lost or damaged drill pipe. Gains related to these asset sales are recorded in Gains on reimbursement of drilling equipment within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Other (Gain)/Loss on Sale of Assets

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 we recognized a (gain) loss of $(2.5) million, $(4.9) million, $(0.7) million, and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the sale of rig equipment and other capital assets. These amounts are recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of Assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

NOTE 4 GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for potential impairment at the reporting unit level, at a minimum on an annual basis in the fourth fiscal quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. All of our goodwill is within our North America Solutions reportable segment.

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we had no additions or impairments to goodwill. As of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, the goodwill balance was $45.7 million.

Intangible Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the period in which these assets contribute to our cash flows and are evaluated for impairment in accordance with our policies for valuation of long-lived assets. All of our intangible assets are within our North America Solutions reportable segment and consist of the following:

		March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Finite-lived intangible asset:
Developed technology	15 years	$	89,096	$	31,115	$	57,981	$	89,096	$	28,137	$	60,959
Intellectual property	13 years	2,000		423		1,577		2,000		328		1,672
Trade name	20 years	5,865		1,633		4,232		5,865		1,475		4,390
Customer relationships	5 years	4,000		4,000		—		4,000		3,867		133
		$	100,961	$	37,171	$	63,790	$	100,961	$	33,807	$	67,154

Amortization expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $1.6 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively and $3.4 million and $3.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to be approximately $3.2 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2023, and approximately $6.4 million for fiscal year 2024 through 2027.

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NOTE 5 DEBT

We had the following unsecured long-term debt outstanding with maturities shown in the following table:

	March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value		Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value
Unsecured senior notes:
Due September 29, 2031	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610
	550,000		(7,266)		542,734		550,000		(7,390)		542,610
Less: long-term debt due within one year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Long-term debt	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610

Senior Notes

2.90% Senior Notes due 2031 On September 29, 2021, we issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2.90 percent 2031 Notes in an offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in the United States pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and to certain non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”). Interest on the 2031 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 29 and September 29 of each year, commencing on March 29, 2022. The 2031 Notes will mature on September 29, 2031 and bear interest at a rate of 2.90 percent per annum.

In June 2022, we settled a registered exchange offer (the “Registered Exchange Offer”) to exchange the 2031 Notes for new, SEC-registered notes that are substantially identical to the terms of the 2031 Notes, except that the offer and issuance of the new notes have been registered under the Securities Act and certain transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional interest provisions relating to the 2031 Notes do not apply to the new notes. All of the 2031 Notes were exchanged in the Registered Exchange Offer.

The indenture governing the 2031 Notes contains certain covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur certain liens; engage in sale and lease-back transactions; and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. The indenture governing the 2031 Notes also contains customary events of default with respect to the 2031 Notes.

4.65% Senior Notes due 2025 On October 27, 2021, we redeemed all of the outstanding 2025 Notes. As a result, the associated make-whole premium of $56.4 million and the write off of the unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $3.7 million were recognized during the first fiscal quarter of 2022 contemporaneously with the October 27, 2021 debt extinguishment and recorded in Loss on extinguishment of debt on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Credit Facility

On November 13, 2018, we entered into a credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, which was amended on November 13, 2019, providing for an unsecured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “2018 Credit Facility”), that was set to mature on November 13, 2024. On April 16, 2021, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 13, 2024 to November 12, 2025. No other terms of the 2018 Credit Facility were amended in connection with this extension. On March 8, 2022, we entered into the second amendment to the 2018 Credit Facility, which, among other things, raised the number of potential future extensions of the maturity date applicable to extending lenders from one to two such potential extensions and replaced provisions in respect of interest rate determinations that were based on the London Interbank Offered Rate with provisions based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Additionally, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 12, 2025 to November 11, 2026. On February 10, 2023, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 11, 2026 to November 12, 2027. The remaining $70.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility will expire on November 13, 2024, unless extended by the applicable lender before such date.

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The 2018 Credit Facility has $750.0 million in aggregate availability with a maximum of $75.0 million available for use as letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, there were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding, leaving $750.0 million available to borrow under the 2018 Credit Facility. For a full description of the 2018 Credit Facility, see Note 7—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2023, we had $95.0 million in uncommitted bilateral credit facilities, for the purpose of obtaining the issuance of international letters of credit, bank guarantees, and performance bonds. Of the $95.0 million, $40.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2023. Separately, we had $2.1 million in standby letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding. In total, we had $42.1 million outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

The applicable agreements for all unsecured debt contain additional terms, conditions and restrictions that we believe are usual and customary in unsecured debt arrangements for companies that are similar in size and credit quality. At March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES

We use an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision during interim reporting periods. In calculating our estimated annual effective tax rate, we consider forecasted annual pre-tax income and estimated permanent book versus tax differences. Adjustments to the effective tax rate and estimates could occur during the year as information and assumptions change which could include, but are not limited to, changes to the forecasted amounts, estimates of permanent book versus tax differences, and changes to tax laws and rates. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 we used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate income taxes as it was determined the estimated annual effective tax rate method would not provide a reliable estimate.

Our income tax provision from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $51.1 million and $2.7 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 23.8 percent and (136.9) percent, respectively. Our income tax provision (benefit) from continuing operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $83.5 million and $(4.9) million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 24.3 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively.

Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax adjustment of $0.2 million related to equity compensation.

Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differs from the statutory rate due to the adjustments required to reflect the change in methodology to calculate the provision for income taxes as discussed above.

For the next 12 months, we cannot predict with certainty whether we will achieve ultimate resolution of any uncertain tax positions associated with our U.S. and international operations that could result in increases or decreases of our unrecognized tax benefits. However, we do not expect these increases or decreases to have a material effect on our results of continuing operations or financial position.

NOTE 7 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The Company has an evergreen authorization from the Board of Directors for the repurchase of up to four million common shares in any calendar year. In December 2022, the Board of Directors increased the maximum number of shares authorized to be repurchased in calendar year 2023 to five million common shares, effective January 1, 2023. The repurchases may be made using our cash and cash equivalents or other available sources and are held as treasury shares on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased 2.5 million and 3.4 million common shares, at an aggregate cost of $106.7 million and $145.8 million (including excise tax of $0.8 million), respectively. We repurchased 0.6 million and 3.2 million common shares at an aggregate cost of $16.6 million and $77.0 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022.

A base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a supplemental dividend of $0.235 per share was declared on December 9, 2022 for shareholders of record on February 14, 2023, and was paid on February 28, 2023. On March 1, 2023, the Board of Directors declared a base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a supplemental cash dividend of $0.235 per share for shareholders of record on May 18, 2023, payable on June 1, 2023. As a result, we recorded Dividends Payable of $50.4 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023.

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Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows:

	March 31,		September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(15,041)	$	(15,703)
	(15,041)		(15,703)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)
	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)

The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, related to the defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023		Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	(11,816)	$	(12,072)
Activity during the period:
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	256		512
Net current-period other comprehensive income	256		512
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	(11,560)	$	(11,560)

NOTE 8 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Drilling Services Revenue

With most drilling contracts, we receive payments contractually designated for the mobilization and demobilization of drilling rigs and other equipment to and from the client’s drill site. Revenue associated with the mobilization and demobilization of our drilling rigs to and from the client’s drill site do not relate to a distinct good or service. These revenues are deferred and recognized ratably over the related contract term that drilling services are provided. For any contracts that include a provision for pooled term days at contract inception, followed by the assignment of days to specific rigs throughout the contract term, we have elected, as a practical expedient, to recognize revenue in an amount for which the entity has a right to invoice, as permitted by ASC 606.

On November 12, 2021, we settled a drilling contract dispute related to drilling services provided from fiscal years 2016 through 2019 with YPF S.A. (Argentina) ("YPF"). The settlement required that YPF make a one-time cash payment to H&P in the amount of $11.0 million and enter into drilling service contracts for three drilling rigs, each with multi-year terms. In addition, both parties were released of all outstanding claims against each other, and as a result, H&P recognized $5.4 million in revenue primarily due to accrued disputed amounts. Total revenue recognized as a result of the settlement in the amount of $16.4 million is included in Drilling Services Revenue within the International Solutions segment on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Contract Costs

We had capitalized fulfillment costs of $12.6 million and $6.3 million as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Remaining Performance Obligations

The total aggregate transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligations, commonly referred to as backlog, as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $1.3 billion, of which approximately $0.7 billion is expected to be recognized during the remainder of fiscal year 2023, approximately $0.5 billion during fiscal year 2024, and approximately $0.1 billion in fiscal year 2025 and thereafter. These amounts do not include anticipated contract renewals. Additionally, contracts that currently contain month-to-month terms are represented in our backlog as one month of unsatisfied performance obligations. Our contracts are subject to cancellation or modification at the election of the customer; however, due to the level of capital deployed by our customers on underlying projects, we have not been materially adversely affected by contract cancellations or modifications in the past.

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Contract Assets and Liabilities

The following tables summarize the balances of our contract assets (net of allowance for estimated credit losses) and liabilities at the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Contract assets, net	$	7,125	$	6,319

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023
Contract liabilities balance at September 30, 2022	$	20,646
Payment received/accrued and deferred	48,114
Revenue recognized during the period	(34,083)
Contract liabilities balance at March 31, 2023	$	34,677

NOTE 9 STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

A summary of compensation expense for stock-based payment arrangements recognized in Drilling services operating expense, Research and development expense and Selling, general and administrative expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense
Drilling services operating	$	1,532	$	1,282	$	2,917	$	2,522
Research and development	486		393		912		746
Selling, general and administrative	5,413		6,270		11,875		10,895
	$	7,431	$	7,945	$	15,704	$	14,163

Restricted Stock

A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested restricted stock outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Shares1	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at September 30, 2022	1,493	$	30.85
Granted	588	44.53
Vested2	(708)	33.95
Forfeited	(8)	33.93
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at March 31, 2023	1,365	$	35.12

(1)Restricted stock shares include restricted phantom stock units under our Director Deferred Compensation Plan. These phantom stock units confer the economic benefits of owning company stock without the actual ownership, transfer or issuance of any shares. Phantom stock units are subject to a vesting period of one year from the grant date. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, 12,591 restricted phantom stock units were granted and 14,199 restricted phantom stock units vested.

(2)The number of restricted stock awards vested includes shares that we withheld on behalf of our employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.

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Performance Units

A summary of the status of our performance-vested restricted share units ("performance units") as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested performance units outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per unit amounts)	Performance Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Non-vested performance units outstanding at September 30, 2022	726	$	33.67
Granted	144	54.30
Vested	(286)	43.40
Dividend equivalent rights performance units credited and performance factor adjustment1	191	36.10
Non-vested performance units outstanding at March 31, 20232	775	$	34.51

(1)At the end of the Vesting Period, recipients receive dividend equivalents, if any, with respect to the number of vested performance units. The vesting of units ranges from zero to 200 percent of the units granted depending on the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the TSR of the Peer Group on the vesting date.

(2)Of the total non-vested performance units at the end of the period, specified performance criteria has been achieved with respect to 225,308 performance units which is calculated based on the payout percentage for the completed performance period. The vesting and number of the remainder of non-vested performance units reflected at the end of the period is contingent upon our achievement of specified target performance criteria. If we meet the specified maximum performance criteria, approximately 379,152 additional performance units could vest or become eligible to vest.

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the applicable performance share unit award agreements and the 2020 Plan, grants of performance units are subject to a vesting period of three years (the “Vesting Period”) that is dependent on the achievement of certain performance goals. Such performance unit grants consist of two separate components. Performance units that comprise the first component are subject to a three-year performance cycle. Performance units that comprise the second component are further divided into three separate tranches, each of which is subject to a separate one-year performance cycle within the full three-year performance cycle.  The vesting of the performance units is generally dependent on (i) the achievement of the Company’s TSR performance goals relative to the TSR achievement of a peer group of companies over the applicable performance cycle, and (ii) the continued employment of the recipient of the performance unit award throughout the Vesting Period. The Vesting Period for performance units granted in November 2019 ended on December 31, 2022 and the performance units eligible to vest were settled in shares of common stock in January 2023.

NOTE 10 EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE

    ASC 260, Earnings per Share, requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share.  We have granted and expect to continue to grant to employees restricted stock grants that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Such grants are considered participating securities under ASC 260.  As such, we are required to include these grants in the calculation of our basic earnings per share and calculate basic earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings.

Basic earnings per share is computed utilizing the two-class method and is calculated based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented.

Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the periods utilizing the two-class method for stock options, non-vested restricted stock and performance units.

Under the two-class method of calculating earnings per share, dividends paid and a portion of undistributed net income, but not losses, are allocated to unvested restricted stock grants that receive dividends, which are considered participating securities.

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The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	163,901	$	(4,624)	$	260,328	$	(55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
Net income (loss)	164,040		(4,976)		261,185		(56,338)
Adjustment for basic earnings (loss) per share
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders	(2,237)		(396)		(3,511)		(770)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,664		(5,020)		256,817		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	161,803		(5,372)		257,674		(57,108)
Adjustment for diluted earnings (loss) per share
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders	6		—		6		—
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,670		(5,020)		256,823		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	$	161,809	$	(5,372)	$	257,680	$	(57,108)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share - weighted-average shares	103,968		105,393		104,615		106,494
Effect of dilutive shares from restricted stock and performance share units	395		—		388		—
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share - adjusted weighted-average shares	104,363		105,393		105,003		106,494
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)

We had a net loss for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022. Accordingly, our diluted earnings per share calculation for that period was equivalent to our basic earnings per share calculation since diluted earnings per share excluded any assumed vesting of equity awards. These were excluded because they were deemed to be anti-dilutive, meaning their inclusion would have reduced the reported net loss per share in the applicable period.

The following potentially dilutive average shares attributable to outstanding equity awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive	2,426		2,675		2,516		2,856
Weighted-average price per share	$	62.03	$	60.26	$	61.74	$	59.58

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 21

NOTE 11 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We have certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured and disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  We use the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820-10 to measure fair value to prioritize the inputs:

•Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2 — Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement.

	March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	71,984	$	—	$	71,984	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	13,106		13,106		—		—
Total short-term investments	85,090		13,106		71,984		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,578		14,578		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	171,745		171,745		—		—
Equity investment in Tamboran	14,196		14,196		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	2,140		—		—		2,140
Total investments	235,659		200,519		—		35,140
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	5,030	$	—	$	—	$	5,030

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 22

	September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	98,264	$	—	$	98,264	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	18,837		18,837		—		—
Total short-term investments	117,101		18,837		98,264		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,301		14,301		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	147,370		147,370		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	565		—		—		565
Total investments	195,236		161,671		—		33,565
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	4,022	$	—	$	—	$	4,022

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments primarily include securities classified as trading securities. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are included in other income (expense) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. These securities are recorded at fair value. Level 1 inputs include U.S. agency issued debt securities with active markets and money market funds. For these items, quoted current market prices are readily available. Level 2 inputs include corporate bonds measured using broker quotations that utilize observable market inputs.

Long-term Investments

Equity Securities Our long-term investments include debt and equity securities and assets held in a Non-Qualified Supplemental Savings Plan ("Savings Plan") and are recorded within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our assets that we hold in the Savings Plan are comprised of mutual funds that are measured using Level 1 inputs.

During September 2021, the Company made a $100.0 million cornerstone investment in ADNOC Drilling in advance of its announced initial public offering, representing 159.7 million shares of ADNOC Drilling, equivalent to a one percent ownership stake and subject to a three-year lockup period. ADNOC Drilling’s initial public offering was completed on October 3, 2021, and its shares are listed and traded on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value with any gains or losses recognized through net income (loss) and recorded within Gain (loss) on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we early adopted ASU No. 2022-03 which states that the contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security that is publicly traded is not considered in measuring fair value. The provisions of ASU No. 2022-03 were consistent with our historical accounting for our investment in ADNOC Drilling. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a gain of $42.6 million and $24.4 million respectively, on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment compared to a gain of $16.7 million and $64.5 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 respectively. As of March 31, 2023, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange.

Equity Securities with Fair Value Option In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106.0 million common shares (approximately 7.5 percent ownership stake), in Tamboran Resources Limited ("Tamboran"), a publicly traded company on the Australian Securities Exchange Ltd under the ticker "TBN." Tamboran is focused on playing a constructive role in the global energy transition towards a lower carbon future, by developing a significantly low CO2 gas resource within Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. Concurrent with the investment agreement, we entered into a fixed-term drilling services agreement with the same investee for which mobilization is expected to commence later this fiscal year. Approximately $30.3 million in revenue is expected to be earned over the term of the contract, and, as such, this amount is included within our contract backlog as of March 31, 2023.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 23

We believe we have a significant influence, but not control or joint control over the investee, due to several factors, including our ownership percentage, operational involvement and role on the investee's board of directors. We consider this investment to have a readily determinable fair value and have elected to account for this investment using the fair value option with any changes in fair value recognized through net income (loss). Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023. Under the guidance, Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price which is publicly available. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a gain (loss) of $(3.0) million and $0.1 million, respectively, recorded within Gain on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment during the period.

Debt Securities During April 2022, the Company made a $33.0 million cornerstone investment in Galileo Holdco 2 Limited Technologies ("Galileo Holdco 2"), part of the group of companies known as Galileo Technologies (“Galileo”) in the form of a convertible note. Galileo specializes in liquification, natural gas compression and re-gasification modular systems and technologies to make the production, transportation, and consumption of natural gas, biomethane, and hydrogen more economically viable. The convertible note bears interest at 5.0 percent per annum with a maturity date of the earlier of April 2027 or an exit event (as defined in the agreement as either an initial public offering or a sale of Galileo). If the conversion option is exercised, the note would convert into common shares of the parent of Galileo Holdco 2. We currently do not intend to sell this investment prior to its maturity date or an exit event. As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the convertible note was approximately equal to the cost basis.

All of our long-term debt securities, including our investment in Galileo, are classified as available-for-sale and are measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs based on the absence of market activity. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	33,107	$	3,500	$	33,565	$	500
Purchases	2,033		—		2,075		3,000
Transfers out1	—		—		(500)		—
Assets at end of period	$	35,140	$	3,500	$	35,140	$	3,500

(1)We reclassified a portion of our long-term debt securities to short-term notes receivable and is recorded in accounts receivable on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at March 31, 2023:

Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs
$	33,000	Black-Scholes-Merton model	Discount rate	22.4	%
			Risk-free rate	4.0	%
			Equity volatility	92.5	%

The above significant unobservable inputs are subject to change based on changes in economic and market conditions. The use of significant unobservable inputs creates uncertainty in the measurement of fair value as of the reporting date. Significant increases or decreases in the discount rate, risk-free rate, and equity volatility in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. It is not possible for us to predict the effect of future economic or market conditions on our estimated fair values.

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Contingent Consideration Other financial instruments measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs primarily consist of potential earnout payments associated with our business acquisitions in fiscal year 2019. Contingent consideration is recorded in Accrued liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the expected timing of milestone achievements. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 liabilities for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Liabilities at beginning of period	$	3,780	$	3,096	$	4,022	$	2,996
Additions	—		—		500		500
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings	1,750		(100)		1,758		(250)
Settlements1	(500)		—		(1,250)		(250)
Liabilities at end of period	$	5,030	$	2,996	$	5,030	$	2,996

(1)Settlements represent earnout payments that have been paid or earned during the period.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

We have certain assets that are subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. For these nonfinancial assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition is applicable if they are determined to be impaired. These assets generally include property, plant and equipment, goodwill, intangible assets, and operating lease right-of-use assets. If measured at fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, these would generally be classified within Level 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Further details on any changes in valuation of these assets is provided in their respective footnotes.

Other Equity Securities We also hold various other equity securities without readily determinable fair values, primarily comprised of geothermal investments. These equity securities are measured at cost, less any impairments, and will be marked to fair value when observable price changes in identical or similar investments from the same issuer occur. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and September 30, 2022, the aggregate balance of these equity securities was $26.3 million, $14.0 million, and $23.7 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not record any impairments on these investments.

The following table reconciles changes in the balance of our equity securities, without readily determinable fair values, for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	25,800	$	8,881	$	23,745	$	2,865
Purchases	501		5,109		2,556		11,125
Assets at end of period	$	26,301	$	13,990	$	26,301	$	13,990

Geothermal Investments

As of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 the aggregate balance of our debt and equity security investments in geothermal energy was $27.3 million and $23.7 million, respectively. These investments include assets measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis (discussed in the subsections above). In circumstances where we are required to revalue these investments based on observable changes in fair market value, these investments would be classified as Level 3 based on the absence of market activity.

Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. The majority of cash equivalents are invested in highly liquid money-market mutual funds invested primarily in direct or indirect obligations of the U.S. Government and in federally insured deposit accounts. The carrying value of accounts receivable, other current and noncurrent assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities approximated fair value at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022.

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The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in millions)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Long-term debt, net
Carrying value	$	542.7	$	542.6
Fair value	456.4		430.7

The fair values of the long-term fixed-rate debt is based on broker quotes at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022.  The notes are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as they are not actively traded in markets.

NOTE 12 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Purchase Commitments

Equipment, parts, and supplies are ordered in advance to promote efficient construction and capital improvement progress. At March 31, 2023, we had purchase commitments for equipment, parts and supplies of approximately $145.8 million.

Guarantee Arrangements

We are contingently liable to sureties in respect of bonds issued by the sureties in connection with certain commitments entered into by us in the normal course of business. We have agreed to indemnify the sureties for any payments made by them in respect of such bonds.

Contingencies

During the ordinary course of our business, contingencies arise resulting from an existing condition, situation or set of circumstances involving an uncertainty as to the realization of a possible gain or loss contingency.  We account for gain contingencies in accordance with the provisions of ASC 450, Contingencies, and, therefore, we do not record gain contingencies or recognize income until realized.  The property and equipment of our Venezuelan subsidiary was seized by the Venezuelan government on June 30, 2010.  Our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Helmerich & Payne International Drilling Co. ("HPIDC"), and Helmerich & Payne de Venezuela, C.A. filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on September 23, 2011 against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. and PDVSA Petroleo, S.A., seeking damages for the seizure of their Venezuelan drilling business in violation of international law and for breach of contract. While there exists the possibility of realizing a recovery on HPIDC's expropriation claims, we are currently unable to determine the timing or amounts we may receive, if any, or the likelihood of recovery.

In May 2018, an employee of our subsidiary, HPIDC, was involved in a car accident in his personal vehicle while not clocked in for work. The accident resulted in a fatality of a passenger in the other vehicle. The estate of the victim, his widow and children subsequently brought a lawsuit against the employee and HPIDC in Texas State District Court in January 2020. In February 2022, trial began in the matter and the jury reached a verdict against HPIDC and our employee for approximately $126.0 million, including interest. In March 2022, the court entered a judgment consistent with the findings of the jury. In April 2022, the Company and its insurers filed post-trial motions, none of which were granted by the trial judge. However, in June 2022, Plaintiffs' counsel filed a Voluntary Remittitur with the trial court, which formally reduced the verdict to $60.0 million. The Company and its insurers are currently filing motions to appeal the judgement. Accordingly, the Company cannot make an estimate of the possible loss at this time. As of March 31, 2023, we have incurred expenses, mainly legal fees, against the insurance deductible. At this time, we believe our insurance policies will be responsive to the amounts over our $3.0 million insurance deductible and that foreseeable exposures to the Company exceeding the deductible will be recovered through insurance.

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various other pending legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business. We maintain insurance against certain business risks subject to certain deductibles. Although no assurance can be given, we believe, based on our experiences to date and taking into account established reserves and insurance, that the ultimate resolution of such items will not have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations. When we determine a loss is probable of occurring and is reasonably estimable, we accrue an undiscounted liability for such contingencies based on our best estimate using information available at that time. If the estimated loss is a range of potential outcomes and there is no better estimate within the range, we accrue the amount at the low end of the range. We disclose contingencies where an adverse outcome may be material, or in the judgment of management, we conclude the matter should otherwise be disclosed.

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Significant Lease Not Yet Commenced

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we entered into a lease agreement for our new Tulsa corporate office. This lease is expected to commence sometime during the first half of calendar year 2024. The initial lease term is approximately 12 years with two unpriced five-year extension options. The aggregate future non-cancelable lease payments are estimated to be approximately $15.1 million.

NOTE 13 BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Description of the Business

We are a performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma with operations in all major U.S. onshore oil and gas producing basins as well as South America and the Middle East. Our drilling operations consist mainly of contracting Company-owned drilling equipment primarily to large oil and gas exploration companies. We believe we are the recognized industry leader in drilling as well as technological innovation. We focus on offering our customers an integrated solutions-based approach by combining proprietary rig technology, automation software, and digital expertise into our rig operations rather than a product-based offering, such as a rig or separate technology package. Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions. 

Each reportable operating segment is a strategic business unit that is managed separately, and consolidated revenues and expenses reflect the elimination of all material intercompany transactions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects, and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." External revenues included in “Other” primarily consist of rental income.

Segment Performance

We evaluate segment performance based on income or loss from continuing operations (segment operating income (loss)) before income taxes which includes:

•Revenues from external and internal customers

•Direct operating costs

•Depreciation and amortization

•Allocated general and administrative costs

•Asset impairment charges

but excludes gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment, other (gain) loss on sale of assets, corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation, and corporate restructuring charges.

General and administrative costs are allocated to the segments based primarily on specific identification and, to the extent that such identification is not practical, other methods may be used which we believe to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided.

Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is shown in the following tables:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	675,780	$	34,979	$	55,890	$	2,573	$	—	$	769,222
Intersegment	—		—		—		17,662		(17,662)		—
Total sales	675,780		34,979		55,890		20,235		(17,662)		769,222
Segment operating income	$	182,149	$	6,687	$	3,955	$	6,823	$	(2,267)	$	197,347

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 27

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	408,814	$	29,147	$	27,422	$	2,214	$	—	$	467,597
Intersegment	—		—		—		13,204		(13,204)		—
Total sales	408,814		29,147		27,422		15,418		(13,204)		467,597
Segment operating income (loss)	$	1,297	$	5,278	$	(848)	$	3,167	$	(2,031)	$	6,863

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	1,302,943	$	70,143	$	110,691	$	5,082	$	—	$	1,488,859
Intersegment	—		—		—		34,064		(34,064)		—
Total sales	1,302,943		70,143		110,691		39,146		(34,064)		1,488,859
Segment operating income	$	327,446	$	13,433	$	5,529	$	11,500	$	43	$	357,951

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	749,848	$	58,461	$	64,581	$	4,489	$	—	$	877,379
Intersegment	—		—		—		26,852		(26,852)		—
Total sales	749,848		58,461		64,581		31,341		(26,852)		877,379
Segment operating income (loss)	$	(27,596)	$	10,744	$	7,201	$	7,096	$	(3,313)	$	(5,868)

The following table reconciles segment operating income (loss) per the tables above to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Segment operating income (loss)	$	197,347	$	6,863	$	357,951	$	(5,868)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	11,574		6,448		27,298		11,702
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	2,519		716		4,898		(313)
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation and corporate restructuring charges	(36,235)		(36,644)		(70,719)		(70,749)
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	175,205		(22,617)		319,428		(65,228)
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055		3,399		9,760		5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)		(4,390)		(8,594)		(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752		22,132		24,661		69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		(60,083)
Other	(743)		(476)		(1,403)		(1,018)
Total unallocated amounts	39,825		20,665		24,424		4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$	215,030	$	(1,952)	$	343,852	$	(60,851)

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The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Total assets1
North America Solutions	$	3,445,085	$	3,406,824
Offshore Gulf of Mexico	82,935		80,993
International Solutions	401,629		330,974
Other	149,441		120,305
	4,079,090		3,939,096
Investments and corporate operations	286,643		416,435
	$	4,365,733	$	4,355,531

(1)Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity.

The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating revenues
United States	$	712,302	$	439,793	$	1,376,475	$	811,282
Argentina	35,490		15,450		69,324		44,601
Bahrain	4,198		4,826		6,467		12,459
United Arab Emirates	2,542		1,524		4,879		1,524
Colombia	13,652		5,622		30,021		5,997
Other foreign	1,038		382		1,693		1,516
Total	$	769,222	$	467,597	$	1,488,859	$	877,379

Refer to Note 8—Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional information regarding the recognition of revenue.

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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements

This Quarterly Report on Form 10‑Q (“Form 10‑Q”) contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), and Section 21E of the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”). All statements other than statements of historical facts included in this Form 10-Q, including without limitation, statements regarding our future financial position, business strategy, budgets, projected costs and plans, objectives of management for future operations, contract terms, and financing and funding are forward-looking statements. In addition, forward-looking statements include all statements that are not historical facts and can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as “may,” “will,” “expect,” “intend,” “estimate,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “predict,” “project,” “target,” “continue,” or the negative thereof or similar terminology. Forward-looking statements are based upon current plans, estimates, and expectations that are subject to risks, uncertainties, and assumptions. Although we believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that such expectations will prove to be correct. Actual results may vary materially from those indicated or anticipated by such forward-looking statements. The inclusion of such statements should not be regarded as a representation that such plans, estimates, or expectations will be achieved.

These forward-looking statements include, among others, information concerning our possible or assumed future results of operations and statements about the following such as:

•our business strategy;

•estimates of our revenues, income, earnings per share, and market share;

•our capital structure and our ability to return cash to stockholders through dividends or share repurchases;

•the amount and nature of our future capital expenditures and how we expect to fund our capital expenditures;

•the volatility of future oil and natural gas prices;

•contracting of our rigs and actions by current or potential customers;

•the effects of actions by, or disputes among or between, members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and other oil producing nations (together, “OPEC+”) with respect to production levels or other matters related to the prices of oil and natural gas;

•changes in future levels of drilling activity and capital expenditures by our customers, whether as a result of global capital markets and liquidity, changes in prices of oil and natural gas or otherwise, which may cause us to idle or stack additional rigs, or increase our capital expenditures and the construction, upgrade or acquisition of rigs;

•the ongoing effect and impact of public health crises, such as the coronavirus ("COVID-19") pandemic;

•changes in worldwide rig supply and demand, competition, or technology;

•possible cancellation, suspension, renegotiation or termination (with or without cause) of our contracts as a result of general or industry-specific economic conditions, mechanical difficulties, performance or other reasons;

•expansion and growth of our business and operations;

•our belief that the final outcome of our legal proceedings will not materially affect our financial results;

•impact of federal and state legislative and regulatory actions and policies, affecting our costs and increasing operation restrictions or delay and other adverse impacts on our business;

•environmental or other liabilities, risks, damages or losses, whether related to storms or hurricanes (including wreckage or debris removal), collisions, grounding, blowouts, fires, explosions, other accidents, terrorism or otherwise, for which insurance coverage and contractual indemnities may be insufficient, unenforceable or otherwise unavailable;

•impact of geopolitical developments and tensions, war and uncertainty in oil-producing countries (including the invasion of Ukraine by Russia and any related political or economic responses and counter-responses or otherwise by various global actors or the general effect on the global economy);

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•global economic conditions, such as a general slowdown in the global economy, supply chain disruptions, inflationary pressures, and instability of financial institutions, and their impact on the Company;

•our financial condition and liquidity;

•tax matters, including our effective tax rates, tax positions, results of audits, changes in tax laws, treaties and regulations, tax assessments and liabilities for taxes;

•the occurrence of cybersecurity incidents, attacks or other breaches to our information technology systems;

•potential impacts on our business resulting from climate change, greenhouse gas regulations, and the impact of climate change related changes in the frequency and severity of weather patterns;

•potential long-lived asset impairments; and

•our sustainability strategy, including expectations, plans, or goals related to corporate responsibility, sustainability and environmental matters, and any related reputational risks as a result of execution of this strategy.

Important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from our expectations or results discussed in the forward‑looking statements are disclosed in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10‑K under Part I, Item 1A— “Risk Factors” and Item 7— “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.” All subsequent written and oral forward‑looking statements attributable to us, or persons acting on our behalf, are expressly qualified in their entirety by such cautionary statements. Because of the underlying risks and uncertainties, we caution you against placing undue reliance on these forward-looking statements. We assume no duty to update or revise these forward‑looking statements based on changes in internal estimates, expectations or otherwise, except as required by law.

Executive Summary

Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (“H&P,” which, together with its subsidiaries, is identified as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” except where stated or the context requires otherwise) through its operating subsidiaries provides performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies that are intended to make hydrocarbon recovery safer and more economical for oil and gas exploration and production companies. As of March 31, 2023, our drilling rig fleet included a total of 262 drilling rigs. Our reportable operating business segments consist of the North America Solutions segment with 233 rigs, the Offshore Gulf of Mexico segment with seven offshore platform rigs and the International Solutions segment with 22 rigs as of March 31, 2023. At the close of the second quarter of fiscal year 2023, we had 198 active contracted rigs, of which 109 were under a fixed-term contract and 89 were working well-to-well, compared to 192 contracted rigs at September 30, 2022. Our long-term strategy remains focused on innovation, technology, safety, operational excellence and reliability. As we move forward, we believe that our advanced uniform rig fleet, technology offerings, financial strength, contract backlog and strong customer and employee base position us very well to respond to continued cyclical, and often times, volatile market conditions and to take advantage of future opportunities.

Market Outlook

Our revenues are primarily derived from the capital expenditures of companies involved in the exploration, development and production of crude oil and natural gas (“E&Ps”). Generally, the level of capital expenditures is dictated by current and expected future prices of crude oil and natural gas, which are determined by various supply and demand factors. Both commodities have historically been, and we expect them to continue to be, cyclical and highly volatile.

Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico, and International Solutions. With respect to North America Solutions, the resurgence of oil and natural gas production coming from the United States brought about by unconventional shale drilling for oil has significantly impacted the supply of oil and natural gas and the type of rig utilized in the U.S. land drilling industry.

The technical requirements of drilling longer lateral unconventional shale wells often necessitate the use of rigs that are commonly referred to in the industry as super-spec rigs and have the following specific characteristics: AC drive, minimum of 1,500 horsepower drawworks, minimum of 750,000 lbs. hookload rating, 7,500 psi mud circulating system, and multiple-well pad capability.

There is a strong customer preference for super-spec rigs not only due to the higher rig specifications that enable more technical drilling but also due to the drilling efficiencies gained in utilizing a super-spec rig. As a result, there has been a structural decline in the use of non-super-spec rigs across the industry. We are the largest provider of super-spec rigs in the industry and, accordingly, we believe we are well positioned to respond to various market conditions.

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Historically there has been a strong correlation between crude oil and natural gas prices and the demand for drilling rigs with the rig count increasing and decreasing with the up and down movements in the commodity prices. However, beginning in 2021, rig activity has not moved in tandem with crude oil prices to the same extent it had historically as a large portion of our customers instituted a more disciplined approach to their operations and capital spending in order to enhance their own financial returns. Those customers established capital budgets based upon commodity price assumptions for the upcoming year and adhered to them, not adjusting activity plans as commodity prices moved.

While overall customer capital budgets for calendar year 2023 appear to be modestly higher than those experienced in calendar year 2022, recent commodity price volatility, particularly the weakness in natural gas prices, has resulted in some customers, typically smaller ones, reducing activity and/or shifting activity to more crude oil centric basins at least temporarily. This has led to some idle super-spec rigs being readily available in the market. That said, we do not expect this level of idle supply in the market to have a material impact on overall rig pricing. We do see the potential for some of this recently idled super-spec capacity, especially as it relates to the Company's idled rigs, to be redeployed later in the calendar year 2023.

With regards to our North America Solutions segment, recent volatility in natural gas prices and resulting reduced rig demand has contributed to an increased level of rig releases in the market. These factors, in combination with the Company's fiscally disciplined approach to deploying capital and prioritizing economic margins over rig utilization, results in our belief that our active rig count will not likely reach 191 rigs during fiscal 2023 as previously projected. Having deployed 12 of the 16 potential fiscal 2023 rig reactivations during the first six months of fiscal year 2023, the Company's rig count sits at 179 active rigs as of March 31, 2023, with eight rigs available for rapid redeployment should customer demand warrant. Going forward into the final six months of fiscal year 2023, we expect additional rigs releases, which we project will result in a lower average Company active rig count relative to the first six months of fiscal year 2023. However, despite the lower activity outlook, we believe the Company's pricing discipline will result in a higher average revenue per day during the last six months of fiscal year 2023 relative to the first six months. Furthermore, we still believe the supply and demand dynamics surrounding our North America Solutions segment remain constructive for future activity and pricing levels.

Collectively, our other business segments, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions, are exposed to the same macro commodity price environment affecting our North America Solutions segment; however, activity levels in the International Solutions segment are also subject to other various geopolitical and financial factors specific to the countries of our operations. We do not foresee much activity or margin change in our Offshore Gulf of Mexico segment during the third fiscal quarter. However, one current active offshore rigs is expected to mobilize to the yard during the fourth fiscal quarter after completing its current contract. Regarding our International Solutions segment, we see opportunities for improvement in activity and the related corresponding margin improvement, but those will likely occur on a more extended timeline compared to what we have experienced in the North America Solutions segment.

Recent Developments

Credit Facility Extension

On February 10, 2023, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 11, 2026 to November 12, 2027. The remaining $70.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility will expire on November 13, 2024, unless extended by the applicable lender before such date.

Investment in Tamboran

In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106 million common shares (approximately 7.5 percent ownership stake), in Tamboran Resources Limited ("Tamboran"), a publicly traded company on the Australian Securities Exchange Ltd under the ticker "TBN." Tamboran is focused on playing a constructive role in the global energy transition towards a lower carbon future, by developing a significantly low CO2 gas resource within Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. Concurrent with the investment agreement, we entered into a fixed-term drilling services agreement with the same investee for which mobilization is expected to commence later this fiscal year. Approximately $30.3 million in revenue is expected to be earned over the term of the contract, and, as such, this amount is included within our contract backlog as of March 31, 2023. In April 2023, Tamboran appointed an executive of the Company to its Board of Directors.

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a gain (loss) of $(3.0) million and $0.1 million, respectively, recorded within Gain on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment during the period.

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Significant Lease Not Yet Commenced

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we entered into a lease agreement for our new Tulsa corporate office. This lease is expected to commence sometime during the first half of calendar year 2024. The initial lease term is approximately 12 years with two unpriced five-year extension options. The aggregate future non-cancelable lease payments are estimated to be approximately $15.1 million.

Contract Backlog

As of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, our contract drilling backlog, being the expected future dayrate revenue from executed contracts, was $1.3 billion and $1.2 billion, respectively. These amounts do not include anticipated contract renewals or expected performance bonuses. The increase in backlog at March 31, 2023 from September 30, 2022 is primarily due to the increase in contract pricing for fixed term drilling contracts executed during the period. Approximately 45.1 percent of the March 31, 2023 total backlog is reasonably expected to be fulfilled in fiscal year 2024 and thereafter.

The following table sets forth the total backlog by reportable segment as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, and the percentage of the March 31, 2023 backlog reasonably expected to be fulfilled in fiscal year 2024 and thereafter:

(in billions)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022		Percentage Reasonably Expected to be Fulfilled in Fiscal Year 2024 and Thereafter
North America Solutions	$	1.1	$	0.9	41.2	%
Offshore Gulf of Mexico	—		—		—
International Solutions	0.2		0.3		63.4
	$	1.3	$	1.2

The early termination of a contract may result in a rig being idle for an extended period of time, which could adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. In some limited circumstances, such as sustained unacceptable performance by us, no early termination payment would be paid to us. Early terminations could cause the actual amount of revenue earned to vary from the backlog reported. See Item 1A—"Risk Factors—Our current backlog of drilling services and solutions revenue may decline and may not be ultimately realized as fixed‑term contracts and may, in certain instances, be terminated without an early termination payment” within our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”), regarding fixed term contract risk. Additionally, see Item 1A—"Risk Factors—The impact and effects of public health crises, pandemics and epidemics, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations" within our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

Results of Operations for the Three Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Results of Operations

Net Income (Loss) We reported income from continuing operations of $163.9 million ($1.55 per diluted share) from operating revenues of $769.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a loss from continuing operations of $4.6 million ($0.05 loss per diluted share) from operating revenues of $467.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Included in net income for the three months ended March 31, 2023 is income of $0.1 million (with no impact on a per diluted share basis) from discontinued operations. Including discontinued operations, we recorded net income of $164.0 million ($1.55 per diluted share) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a net loss of $5.0 million ($0.05 loss per diluted share) for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Operating Revenue Consolidated operating revenues were $769.2 million and $467.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase is primarily driven by an increase in average rig pricing and activity levels in our North America Solutions segment and increased activity levels in our International Solutions segment. Refer to segment results below for further details.

Direct Operating Expenses, Excluding Depreciation and Amortization Direct operating expenses were $450.3 million and $340.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The increase was primarily attributable to the aforementioned higher activity levels as well as a North America Solutions wage increase that became effective at the end of fiscal year 2022.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $52.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $47.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase is primarily due to a $3.0 million increase in labor expenses and a $1.6 million increase in professional fees.

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Gain on Investment Securities During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized an aggregate gain of $39.8 million on investment securities compared to a gain of $22.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. This gain was comprised of a $42.6 million gain on our equity investment in ADNOC Drilling and offset by a $3.0 million loss on our equity investment in Tamboran as a result of changes in the fair value of these investments during the period. Comparatively, we recorded a gain of $16.7 million on our investment in ADNOC Drilling during the three months ended March 31, 2022.

Income Taxes We used an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2023. We used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate income taxes for the three months ended March 31, 2022 as we determined the estimated annual effective tax rate method would not provide a reliable estimate for the three months ended March 31, 2022.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we had income tax expense of $51.1 million compared to income tax expense of $2.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2022. Our statutory federal income tax rate for fiscal year 2023 and 2022 is 21.0 percent (before incremental state and foreign taxes).

North America Solutions

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	675,780	$	408,814	65.3	%
Direct operating expenses	379,611		294,397		28.9
Depreciation and amortization	89,070		95,817		(7.0)
Research and development	8,738		6,420		36.1
Selling, general and administrative expense	16,212		10,883		49.0
Segment operating income	$	182,149	$	1,297	13,943.9
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	296,169	$	114,417	158.9
Revenue days3	16,488		14,752		11.8
Average active rigs4	183		164		11.8
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	179		171		4.7
Number of available rigs at the end of period	233		236		(1.3)
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	77,442	$	46,664	66.0

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 90 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues were $675.8 million and $408.8 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The $267.0 million increase in operating revenue is primarily due to higher pricing levels and an 11.8 percent increase in activity levels.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $379.6 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $294.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily due to an increase of $46.7 million in labor expense driven by higher activity levels and increased field wages beginning in late September 2022. Additionally, materials and supplies expense increased $4.4 million, which was also driven by higher activity levels.

Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation expense decreased to $89.1 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $95.8 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease is primarily attributable to the relatively low levels of capital expenditures during the last twelve months.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense Selling, general and administrative expense increased to $16.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $10.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was largely driven by a $3.6 million increase in professional fees.

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Offshore Gulf of Mexico

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	34,979	$	29,147	20.0	%
Direct operating expenses	25,688		20,884		23.0
Depreciation	1,904		2,401		(20.7)
Selling, general and administrative expense	700		584		19.9
Segment operating income	$	6,687	$	5,278	26.7
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	9,291	$	8,263	12.4
Revenue days3	360		360		—
Average active rigs4	4		4		—
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	4		4		—
Number of available rigs at the end of period	7		7		—
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	7,994	$	5,809	37.6

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 90 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues were $35.0 million and $29.1 million in the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The 20.0 percent increase in operating revenue is primarily driven by pricing increases and wage increase pass-throughs which occurred in the latter portion of fiscal year 2022.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $25.7 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $20.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily driven by the mix of rigs working at full utilization as opposed to mobilizing or being on standby, in addition to the factors described above.

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International Solutions

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	55,890	$	27,422	103.8	%
Direct operating expenses	47,275		25,171		87.8
Depreciation	1,652		1,049		57.5
Selling, general and administrative expense	3,008		2,050		46.7
Segment operating income (loss)	$	3,955	$	(848)	566.4
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	8,615	$	2,251	282.7
Revenue days3	1,263		636		98.6
Average active rigs4	14		7		98.6
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	15		6		150.0
Number of available rigs at the end of period	22		28		(21.4)
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	2,789	$	1,226	127.5

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 90 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues increased to $55.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $27.4 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. This increase is primarily driven by a 98.6 percent increase in activity levels.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $47.3 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $25.2 million during the three months ended March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily driven by an increase of $10.5 million in labor expenses and an increase of $9.9 million in materials and supplies given higher activity levels.

Other Operations

Results of our other operations, excluding corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate restructuring, and corporate depreciation, are as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	20,235	$	15,418	31.2	%
Direct operating expenses	12,656		11,208		12.9
Depreciation	456		370		23.2
Selling, general and administrative expense	300		673		(55.4)
Operating income	$	6,823	$	3,167	115.4

Operating Revenues We continue to use our Captive insurance companies to insure the deductibles for our domestic workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability claims programs, and medical stop-loss program and to insure the deductibles from the Company's international casualty and rig property programs. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $17.7 million and $13.2 million, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. 

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses consisted primarily of $1.7 million and $1.8 million in adjustments to accruals for estimated losses allocated to the Captives and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $10.9 million and $7.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change to accruals for estimated losses is primarily due to actuarial valuation adjustments by our third-party actuary.

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Results of Operations for the Six Months Ended March 31, 2023 and 2022

Consolidated Results of Operations

Net Income (Loss) We reported income from continuing operations of $260.3 million ($2.45 per diluted share) from operating revenues of $1.5 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a loss from continuing operations of $56.0 million ($0.53 loss per diluted share) from operating revenues of $877.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022. Included in net income for the six months ended March 31, 2023 is income of $0.9 million ($0.01 per diluted share) from discontinued operations. Including discontinued operations, we recorded net income of $261.2 million ($2.46 per diluted share) for the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to a net loss of $56.3 million ($0.53 loss per diluted share) for the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Operating Revenue Consolidated operating revenues were $1.5 billion for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and $877.4 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase is primarily driven by an increase in average rig pricing and activity levels in our North America Solutions segment and increased activity levels in our International Solutions segment. Refer to segment results below for further details.

Direct Operating Expenses, Excluding Depreciation and Amortization Direct operating expenses for the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $879.7 million, compared to $641.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily attributable to the aforementioned higher activity levels as well as a North America Solutions wage increase that became effective at the end of fiscal year 2022.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense Selling, general and administrative expenses increased to $101.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $90.8 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase is primarily due to a $5.2 million increase in professional fees and a $2.9 million increase in labor expenses.

Asset Impairment Charges During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we recorded $12.1 million in asset impairment charges as the Company initiated a plan to decommission, scrap and/or sell certain assets including four international FlexRig® drilling rigs, four international conventional drilling rigs, and additional equipment. The aggregate net book value of these assets of $13.2 million was written down to their estimated scrap value of $1.1 million. Comparatively, during the six months ended March 31, 2022, we identified two partial rig substructures and two international FlexRig® drilling rigs that met the assets held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This resulted in an impairment charge of $4.4 million as the book values of these rig substructures were written down to their estimated scrap value of $0.1 million and the international drilling rigs were written down to their fair value less estimated cost to sell of $0.9 million.

Gain on Investment Securities During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized an aggregate gain of $24.7 million on investment securities compared to a gain of $70.0 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. This gain mainly comprised of a $24.4 million gain on our equity investment in ADNOC Drilling caused by an increase in the fair market value of the stock. Comparatively, we recorded a gain of $64.5 million on this investment during the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Income Taxes We used an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision for the six months ended March 31, 2023. We used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate income taxes for the six months ended March 31, 2022 as we determined the estimated annual effective tax rate method would not provide a reliable estimate for the six months ended March 31, 2022.

For the six months ended March 31, 2023 we had income tax expense of $83.5 million (which includes discrete tax expense of $0.2 million related to equity compensation) compared to an income tax benefit of $4.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2022 (which included discrete tax expense of $4.1 million related to equity compensation). Our statutory federal income tax rate for fiscal year 2023 and 2022 is 21.0 percent (before incremental state and foreign taxes).

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North America Solutions

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	1,302,943	$	749,848	73.8	%
Direct operating expenses	746,466		550,965		35.5
Depreciation and amortization	178,884		189,438		(5.6)
Research and development	15,797		12,988		21.6
Selling, general and administrative expense	30,402		21,712		40.0
Asset impairment charges	3,948		1,868		111.3
Restructuring charges	—		473		(100.0)
Segment operating income (loss)	$	327,446	$	(27,596)	1,286.6
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	556,477	$	198,883	179.8
Revenue days3	33,067		27,698		19.4
Average active rigs4	182		152		19.4
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	179		171		4.7
Number of available rigs at the end of period	233		236		(1.3)
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	156,601	$	89,793	74.4

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 182 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues were $1.3 billion and $0.7 billion in the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The $0.6 billion increase in operating revenue is primarily due to higher pricing levels and a 19.4 percent increase in activity levels.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $746.5 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $551.0 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily driven by a $104.2 million increase in labor expense driven by higher activity levels and increased field wages beginning in late September 2022. Additionally, materials and supplies expense increased $20.5 million, which was also driven by higher activity levels.

Depreciation and Amortization Depreciation expense decreased to $178.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $189.4 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The decrease is primarily attributable to the relatively low levels of capital expenditures during the last twelve months.

Selling, General and Administrative Expense Selling, general and administrative expense increased to $30.4 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $21.7 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was largely driven by a $6.3 million increase in professional fees.

Asset Impairment Charges During the six months ended March 31, 2023, our North America Solutions assets that were previously classified as Assets held-for-sale at September 30, 2022 were either sold or written down to scrap value. The aggregate net book value of these remaining assets was $3.0 million, which exceeded the estimated scrap value of $0.3 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $2.7 million. During the same period, we also identified additional equipment that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and was reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The aggregate net book value of the equipment of $1.4 million was written down to its estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023. These impairment charges are recorded within our North America Solutions segment in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we identified two partial rig substructures that met the assets held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This resulted in an impairment charge of $1.9 million as the book values of these rig substructures were written down to their estimated scrap value of $0.1 million.

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Offshore Gulf of Mexico

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	70,143	$	58,461	20.0	%
Direct operating expenses	51,379		41,595		23.5
Depreciation	3,798		4,781		(20.6)
Selling, general and administrative expense	1,533		1,341		14.3
Segment operating income	$	13,433	$	10,744	25.0
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	18,764	$	16,866	11.3
Revenue days3	728		728		—
Average active rigs4	4		4		—
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	4		4		—
Number of available rigs at the end of period	7		7		—
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	15,183	$	11,884	27.8

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 182 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues were $70.1 million and $58.5 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The 20.0 percent increase in operating revenue is primarily driven by pricing increases and wage increase pass-throughs which occurred in the latter portion of fiscal year 2022.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $51.4 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $41.6 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase was primarily driven by the mix of rigs working at full utilization as opposed to mobilizing or being on standby, in addition to the factors described above.

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International Solutions

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except operating statistics)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	110,691	$	64,581	71.4	%
Direct operating expenses	88,252		49,302		79.0
Depreciation	3,044		1,804		68.7
Selling, general and administrative expense	5,717		3,779		51.3
Asset impairment charges	8,149		2,495		226.6
Segment operating income	$	5,529	$	7,201	(23.2)
Financial Data and Other Operating Statistics1:
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)2	$	22,439	$	15,279	46.9
Revenue days3	2,403		1,283		87.3
Average active rigs4	13		7		87.3
Number of active rigs at the end of period5	15		6		150.0
Number of available rigs at the end of period	22		28		(21.4)
Reimbursements of "out-of-pocket" expenses	$	5,645	$	2,669	111.5

(1)These operating metrics and financial data, including average active rigs, are provided to allow investors to analyze the various components of segment financial results in terms of activity, utilization and other key results. Management uses these metrics to analyze historical segment financial results and as the key inputs for forecasting and budgeting segment financial results.

(2)Direct margin, which is considered a non-GAAP metric, is defined as operating revenues less direct operating expenses and is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. See — Non-GAAP Measurements below for a reconciliation of segment operating income (loss) to direct margin.

(3)Defined as the number of contractual days we recognized revenue for during the period.

(4)Active rigs generate revenue for the Company; accordingly, 'average active rigs' represents the average number of rigs generating revenue during the applicable time period. This metric is calculated by dividing revenue days by total days in the applicable period (i.e., 182 days).

(5)Defined as the number of rigs generating revenue at the applicable end date of the time period.

Operating Revenues Operating revenues increased to $110.7 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 compared to $64.6 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. This increase is primarily driven by a 87.3 percent increase in activity levels. Additionally, during the six months ended March 31, 2022, we recognized $16.4 million in revenue related to the settlement of a contract drilling dispute related to drilling services provided from fiscal years 2016 through 2019 with YPF S.A. Refer to Note 8—Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional details.

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses increased to $88.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 as compared to $49.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. This increase was primarily driven by an increase of $17.8 million in labor expense and an increase of $15.1 million in materials and supplies given higher activity levels.

Asset Impairment Charges During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company initiated a plan to decommission and scrap four international FlexRig® drilling rigs and four conventional drilling rigs located in Argentina that are not suitable for unconventional drilling. As a result, these rigs were reclassified to Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023. The rigs’ aggregate net book value of $8.8 million was written down to the estimated scrap value of $0.7 million, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $8.1 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2023. During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we identified two international FlexRig® drilling rigs that met the assets held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. This resulted in an impairment charge of $2.5 million as the book values of these international drilling rigs were written down to their fair value less estimated cost to sell of $0.9 million.

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Other Operations

Results of our other operations, excluding corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate restructuring, and corporate depreciation, are as follows:

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		% Change
Operating revenues	$	39,146	$	31,341	24.9	%
Direct operating expenses	26,245		22,528		16.5
Depreciation	913		715		27.7
Selling, general and administrative expense	488		1,002		(51.3)
Operating income	$	11,500	$	7,096	62.1

Operating Revenues We continue to use our Captive insurance companies to insure the deductibles for our domestic workers’ compensation, general liability, automobile liability claims programs, and medical stop-loss program and to insure the deductibles from the Company's international casualty and rig property programs. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $34.1 million and $26.9 million, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. 

Direct Operating Expenses Direct operating expenses consisted primarily of $4.7 million and $(0.4) million in adjustments to accruals for estimated losses allocated to the Captives and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $20.9 million and $16.7 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change to accruals for estimated losses is primarily due to actuarial valuation adjustments by our third-party actuary.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Sources of Liquidity

Our sources of available liquidity include existing cash balances on hand, cash flows from operations, and availability under the 2018 Credit Facility. Our liquidity requirements include meeting ongoing working capital needs, funding our capital expenditure projects, paying dividends declared, and repaying our outstanding indebtedness. Historically, we have financed operations primarily through internally generated cash flows. During periods when internally generated cash flows are not sufficient to meet liquidity needs, we may utilize cash on hand, borrow from available credit sources, access capital markets or sell our investments. Likewise, if we are generating excess cash flows or have cash balances on hand beyond our near-term needs, we may return cash to shareholders through dividends or share repurchases, or we may invest in highly rated short‑term money market and debt securities. These investments can include U.S. Treasury securities, U.S. Agency issued debt securities, highly rated corporate bonds and commercial paper, certificates of deposit and money market funds. However, in some international locations we may make short-term investments that are less conservative, as equivalent highly rated investments are unavailable. See—Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Related Risks and Uncertainties—International Solutions Drilling Risks.

We may seek to access the debt and equity capital markets from time to time to raise additional capital, increase liquidity as necessary, fund our additional purchases, exchange or redeem senior notes, or repay any amounts under the 2018 Credit Facility. Our ability to access the debt and equity capital markets depends on a number of factors, including our credit rating, market and industry conditions and market perceptions of our industry, general economic conditions, our revenue backlog and our capital expenditure commitments.

Cash Flows

Our cash flows fluctuate depending on a number of factors, including, among others, the number of our drilling rigs under contract, the revenue we receive under those contracts, the efficiency with which we operate our drilling rigs, the timing of collections on outstanding accounts receivable, the timing of payments to our vendors for operating costs, and capital expenditures. As our revenues increase, operating net working capital is typically a use of capital, while conversely, as our revenues decrease, operating net working capital is typically a source of capital. To date, general inflationary trends have not had a material effect on our operating margins or cash flows as we have been able to offset these cumulative cost trends with rate increases.

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As of March 31, 2023, we had cash and cash equivalents of $159.7 million and short-term investments of $85.1 million. Our cash flows for the six months ended March 31, 2023, and 2022 are presented below:

	Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Net cash provided by (used in):
Operating activities	$	326,254	$	18,896
Investing activities	(119,206)		(45,321)
Financing activities	(263,154)		(680,915)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	$	(56,106)	$	(707,340)

Operating Activities

Our operating net working capital (non-GAAP) as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 is presented below:

	March 31,		September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Total current assets	$	1,004,451	$	1,002,944
Less:
Cash and cash equivalents	159,672		232,131
Short-term investments	85,090		117,101
Assets held-for-sale	1,349		4,333
	758,340		649,379
Total current liabilities	413,721		394,810
Less:
Dividends payable	50,409		26,693
Advance payment for sale of property, plant and equipment	—		600
	$	363,312	$	367,517
Operating net working capital (non-GAAP)	$	395,028	$	281,862

Cash flows provided by operating activities were approximately $326.3 million and $18.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. The change in cash provided by operating activities is primarily driven by higher activity and rates, partially offset by changes in operating net working capital. For the purpose of understanding the impact on our cash flows from operating activities, operating net working capital is calculated as current assets, excluding cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and assets held-for-sale, less current liabilities, excluding dividends payable and advance payments for sale of property, plant and equipment. Operating net working capital was $395.0 million and $281.9 million as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively. This metric is considered a non-GAAP measure of the Company's liquidity. The Company considers operating net working capital to be a supplemental measure for presenting and analyzing trends in our cash flows from operations over time. Likewise, the Company believes that operating net working capital is useful to investors because it provides a means to evaluate the operating performance of the business using criteria that are used by our internal decision makers. The increase in operating net working capital was primarily driven by higher rig activity and rates.

Investing Activities

Capital Expenditures Our capital expenditures during the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $181.5 million compared to $104.5 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in capital expenditures is driven by higher activity and increased costs associated with rig upgrades and reactivations.

Sales of Short-Term Investments Our net sales of short-term investments during the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $33.3 million compared to $48.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The change is driven by our ongoing liquidity management.

Purchases of Long-Term Investments Our net purchases of long-term investments during the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $18.8 million compared to $14.1 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase is primarily driven by our purchase of $14.1 million equity investment in Tamboran Resources Limited and $4.1 million in debt and equity security investments in various geothermal energy companies.

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Sale of Assets Our proceeds from asset sales during the six months ended March 31, 2023 were $47.7 million compared to proceeds of $34.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022. The increase in proceeds is mainly driven by higher rig activity which drives higher reimbursement from customers for lost or damaged drill pipe and other used drilling equipment.

Financing Activities

Dividends We paid dividends of $0.97 per share, comprised of a base cash dividend of $0.50 and a supplemental cash dividend of $0.47, during the six months ended March 31, 2023. Comparatively, during the six months ended March 31, 2022, we paid dividends of $0.50 per share. Total dividends paid were $102.9 million and $54.0 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. A base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a quarterly supplemental cash dividend of $0.235 per share was declared on March 1, 2023 for shareholders of record on May 18, 2023, payable on June 1, 2023. The declaration and amount of future dividends is at the discretion of the Board and subject to our financial condition, results of operations, cash flows, and other factors the Board deems relevant.

Redemption of 4.65% Senior Notes due 2025 On October 27, 2021, we redeemed all of the outstanding 2025 Notes, resulting in a cash outflow of $487.1 million. As a result, the associated make-whole premium of $56.4 million was paid during the first fiscal quarter of 2022 contemporaneously with the October 27, 2021 debt extinguishment. The Company financed the redemption of the 2025 Notes with the net proceeds from the offering of the 2031 Notes, together with cash on hand. Additional details are fully discussed in Note 5—Debt.

Repurchase of Shares The Company has an evergreen authorization from the Board of Directors for the repurchase of up to four million common shares in any calendar year. In December 2022, the Board of Directors increased the maximum number of shares authorized to be repurchased in calendar year 2023 to five million common shares, effective January 1, 2023. The repurchases may be made using our cash and cash equivalents or other available sources and are held as treasury shares on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased 3.4 million common shares, at an aggregate cost of $145.8 million, including excise tax of $0.8 million and 3.2 million common shares were repurchased at an aggregate cost of $77.0 million during the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Credit Facility

On November 13, 2018, we entered into a credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, which was amended on November 13, 2019, providing for an unsecured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “2018 Credit Facility”), that was set to mature on November 13, 2024. On April 16, 2021, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 13, 2024 to November 12, 2025. No other terms of the 2018 Credit Facility were amended in connection with this extension. On March 8, 2022, we entered into the second amendment to the 2018 Credit Facility, which, among other things, raised the number of potential future extensions of the maturity date applicable to extending lenders from one to two such potential extensions and replaced provisions in respect of interest rate determinations that were based on the London Interbank Offered Rate with provisions based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Additionally, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 12, 2025 to November 11, 2026. On February 10, 2023, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 11, 2026 to November 12, 2027. The remaining $70.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility will expire on November 13, 2024, unless extended by the applicable lender before such date.

The 2018 Credit Facility has $750.0 million in aggregate availability with a maximum of $75.0 million available for use as letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, there were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding, leaving $750.0 million available to borrow under the 2018 Credit Facility. For a full description of the 2018 Credit Facility, see Note 7—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2023, we had $95.0 million in uncommitted bilateral credit facilities, for the purpose of obtaining the issuance of international letters of credit, bank guarantees, and performance bonds. Of the $95.0 million, $40.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2023. Separately, we had $2.1 million in standby letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding. In total, we had $42.1 million outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

The applicable agreements for all unsecured debt contain additional terms, conditions and restrictions that we believe are usual and customary in unsecured debt arrangements for companies that are similar in size and credit quality. At March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

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Senior Notes

2.90% Senior Notes due 2031 On September 29, 2021, we issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2.90 percent 2031 Notes in an offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in the United States pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and to certain non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”). Interest on the 2031 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 29 and September 29 of each year, commencing on March 29, 2022. The 2031 Notes will mature on September 29, 2031 and bear interest at a rate of 2.90 percent annum.

In June 2022, we settled a registered exchange offer (the “Registered Exchange Offer”) to exchange the 2031 Notes for new, SEC-registered notes that are substantially identical to the terms of the 2031 Notes, except that the offer and issuance of the new notes have been registered under the Securities Act and certain transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional interest provisions relating to the 2031 Notes do not apply to the new notes. All of the 2031 Notes were exchanged in the Registered Exchange Offer.

The indenture governing the 2031 Notes contains certain covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur certain liens; engage in sale and lease-back transactions; and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. The indenture governing the 2031 Notes also contains customary events of default with respect to the 2031 Notes.

4.65% Senior Notes due 2025 On December 20, 2018, we issued approximately $487.1 million in aggregate principal amount of the 2025 Notes. The debt issuance cost was being amortized straight-line over the stated life of the obligation, which approximated the effective interest method.

On September 27, 2021, the Company delivered a conditional notice of optional full redemption for all of the outstanding 2025 Notes at a redemption price calculated in accordance with the indenture governing the 2025 Notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest on the 2025 Notes to be redeemed. The Company financed the redemption of the 2025 Notes with the net proceeds from the offering of the 2031 Notes, together with cash on hand. The Company’s obligation to redeem the 2025 Notes was conditioned upon the prior consummation of the issuance of the 2031 Notes, which was satisfied on September 29, 2021.

On October 27, 2021, we redeemed all of the outstanding 2025 Notes. As a result, the associated make-whole premium of $56.4 million and the write off of the unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $3.7 million were recognized during the first fiscal quarter of 2022 contemporaneously with the October 27, 2021 debt extinguishment and recorded in Loss on extinguishment of debt on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Future Cash Requirements

Our operating cash requirements, scheduled debt repayments, interest payments, any declared dividends, and estimated capital expenditures for fiscal year 2023 are expected to be funded through current cash and cash to be provided from operating activities. However, there can be no assurance that we will continue to generate cash flows at current levels. If needed, we may decide to obtain additional funding from our $750.0 million 2018 Credit Facility. We currently do not anticipate the need to draw on the 2018 Credit Facility. Our indebtedness under our unsecured senior notes totaled $550.0 million at March 31, 2023 and matures on September 29, 2031. 

As of March 31, 2023, we had a $540.3 million deferred tax liability on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, primarily related to temporary differences between the financial and income tax basis of property, plant and equipment. Our levels of capital expenditures over the last several years have been subject to accelerated depreciation methods (including bonus depreciation) available under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, enabling us to defer a portion of cash tax payments to future years. Future levels of capital expenditures and results of operations will determine the timing and amount of future cash tax payments. We expect to be able to meet any such obligations utilizing cash and investments on hand, as well as cash generated from ongoing operations.

At March 31, 2023, we had $3.2 million recorded for uncertain tax positions and related interest and penalties. However, the timing of such payments to the respective taxing authorities cannot be estimated at this time.

The long‑term debt to total capitalization ratio was 16.6 percent at March 31, 2023 and 16.6 percent at September 30, 2022. For additional information regarding debt agreements, refer to Note 5—Debt to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

There were no other significant changes in our financial position since September 30, 2022.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 44

Material Commitments

Material commitments as reported in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K have not changed significantly at March 31, 2023, other than those disclosed in Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

Our accounting policies and estimates that are critical or the most important to understand our financial condition and results of operations, and that require management to make the most difficult judgments, are described in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K. There have been no material changes in these critical accounting policies and estimates.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

See Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Related Risks and Uncertainties to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for recently adopted accounting standards and new accounting standards not yet adopted.

Non-GAAP Measurements

Direct Margin

Direct margin is considered a non-GAAP metric. We define "Direct margin" as operating revenues less direct operating expenses. Direct margin is included as a supplemental disclosure because we believe it is useful in assessing and understanding our current operational performance, especially in making comparisons over time. Direct margin is not a substitute for financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP and should therefore be considered only as supplemental to such GAAP financial measures.

The following table reconciles direct margin to segment operating income (loss), which we believe is the financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP that is most directly comparable to direct margin.

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions
Segment operating income	$	182,149	$	6,687	$	3,955
Add back:
Depreciation and amortization	89,070		1,904		1,652
Research and development	8,738		—		—
Selling, general and administrative expense	16,212		700		3,008
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)	$	296,169	$	9,291	$	8,615

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions
Segment operating income (loss)	$	1,297	$	5,278	$	(848)
Add back:
Depreciation and amortization	95,817		2,401		1,049
Research and development	6,420		—		—
Selling, general and administrative expense	10,883		584		2,050
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)	$	114,417	$	8,263	$	2,251

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 45

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions
Segment operating income	$	327,446	$	13,433	$	5,529
Add back:
Depreciation and amortization	178,884		3,798		3,044
Research and development	15,797		—		—
Selling, general and administrative expense	30,402		1,533		5,717
Asset impairment charges	3,948		—		8,149
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)	$	556,477	$	18,764	$	22,439

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions
Segment operating income (loss)	$	(27,596)	$	10,744	$	7,201
Add back:
Depreciation and amortization	189,438		4,781		1,804
Research and development	12,988		—		—
Selling, general and administrative expense	21,712		1,341		3,779
Asset impairment charges	1,868		—		2,495
Restructuring charges	473		—		—
Direct margin (Non-GAAP)	$	198,883	$	16,866	$	15,279

ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

For a description of our market risks, see the following:

•Note 11—Fair Value Measurement of Financial Instruments to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of Part I hereof with regard to equity price risk which is incorporated herein by reference;

•“Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on November 16, 2022;

•Note 5—Debt to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of Part I hereof with regard to interest rate risk which is incorporated herein by reference; and

•Note 2—Summary of Significant Accounting Policies and Related Risks and Uncertainties to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1 of Part I hereof with regard to foreign currency exchange rate risk which is incorporated herein by reference.

ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

As of the end of the period covered by this report, an evaluation was performed with the participation of our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures. Based on that evaluation, our management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2023 at ensuring that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports we file or submit under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms.

There have been no material changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the most recent fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal controls over financial reporting.

PART II - OTHER INFORMATION

ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

See Note 12—Commitments and Contingencies to the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements for information regarding our legal proceedings.

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 46

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

There have been no material changes in the risk factors previously disclosed in Part I, Item 1A— “Risk Factors” in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS

The table below sets forth the information with respect to our repurchases of common shares during the three months ended March 31, 2023 (in thousands except per share amounts):

Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased1	Average Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares That May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs1
January 1 - January 31	491	$	47.34	491	4,509
February 1 - February 28	870	43.13		870	3,639
March 1 - March 31	1,182	38.22		1,182	2,457
Total	2,543			2,543

(1)Prior to January 1, 2023, the Company had an evergreen authorization from the Board for the repurchase of up to four million common shares in any calendar year. In December 2022, the Board increased the maximum number of shares authorized to be repurchased in the 2023 calendar year to five million common shares. The repurchases may be made using our cash and cash equivalents or other available sources. Shares of stock repurchased pursuant to such authorization are held as treasury shares.

ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

The following documents are included as exhibits to this Form 10-Q. Those exhibits below that are incorporated herein by reference are indicated as such by the information supplied in the parenthetical thereafter. If no parenthetical appears after an exhibit, the exhibit is filed or furnished herewith.

Exhibit Number	Description
3.1	Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company’s Form 8‑K filed on March 14, 2012, SEC File No. 001‑04221).
3.2	Amended and Restated By‑laws of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 3.1 of the Company's Form 8-K filed on March 3, 2023, SEC File No. 001-04221).
31.1	Certification of Chief Executive Officer, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
31.2	Certification of Chief Financial Officer, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
32	Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
101	Financial statements from the quarterly report on Form 10-Q of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. for the quarter ended March 31, 2023, filed on April 26, 2023, formatted in Inline Extensive Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, (iii) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iv) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Shareholders’ Equity, (v) the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and (vi) the Notes to Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
104	Cover Page Interactive Date File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101).

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 47

SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

		HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
		(Registrant)
Date:	April 26, 2023	By:	/S/ JOHN W. LINDSAY
			John W. Lindsay Director, President and Chief Executive Officer
Date:	April 26, 2023	By:	/S/ MARK W. SMITH
			Mark W. Smith Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

Q2FY23 FORM 10-Q | 48

EX-31.1

Exhibit 31.1

CERTIFICATION

I, John W. Lindsay, certify that:

1    I have reviewed this report on Form 10‑Q of Helmerich & Payne, Inc.;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 26, 2023
	/s/ John W. Lindsay
	John W. Lindsay
	Director, President and Chief Executive Officer

EX-31.2

Exhibit 31.2

CERTIFICATION

I, Mark W. Smith, certify that:

1.    I have reviewed this annual report on Form 10‑Q of Helmerich & Payne, Inc.;

2.    Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the period covered by this report;

3.    Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this report;

4.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(e) and 15d‑15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a‑15(f) and 15d‑15(f)) for the registrant and have:

(a)    Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision, to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;

(b)    Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;

(c)    Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant’s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation; and

(d)    Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant’s most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant’s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting; and

5.    The registrant’s other certifying officer and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over financial reporting, to the registrant’s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant’s board of directors (or persons performing the equivalent functions):

(a)    All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant’s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information; and

(b)    Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant’s internal control over financial reporting.

Date: April 26, 2023
	/s/ Mark W. Smith
	Mark W. Smith
	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

EX-32

Exhibit 32

Certification of CEO and CFO Pursuant to

18 U.S.C. Section 1350,

As Adopted Pursuant to

Section 906 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002

In connection with the Quarterly Report of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (the “Company”) on Form 10‑Q for the period ended March 31, 2023 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on the date hereof (the “Report”), John W. Lindsay, as Director, President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, and Mark W. Smith, as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of the Company, each hereby certifies, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes‑Oxley Act of 2002, to the best of his knowledge, that:

(1)    The Report fully complies with the requirements of Sections 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and

(2)    The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and result of operations of the Company.

/s/ John W. Lindsay	/s/ Mark W. Smith
John W. Lindsay	Mark W. Smith
Director, President and Chief Executive Officer	Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
Date: April 26, 2023	Date: April 26, 2023

XML

COVER - shares	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Apr. 20, 2023
Cover [Abstract]
Document Type	10-Q
Document Quarterly Report	true
Document Period End Date	Mar. 31, 2023
Document Transition Report	false
Entity File Number	1-4221
Entity Registrant Name	HELMERICH & PAYNE, INC.
Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code	DE
Entity Tax Identification Number	73-0679879
Entity Address, Address Line One	1437 South Boulder Avenue, Suite 1400
Entity Address, City or Town	Tulsa
Entity Address, State or Province	OK
Entity Address, Postal Zip Code	74119
City Area Code	918
Local Phone Number	742-5531
Title of 12(b) Security	Common Stock ($0.10 par value)
Trading Symbol	HP
Security Exchange Name	NYSE
Entity Current Reporting Status	Yes
Entity Interactive Data Current	Yes
Entity Filer Category	Large Accelerated Filer
Entity Small Business	false
Entity Emerging Growth Company	false
Entity Shell Company	false
Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding		102,584,517
Document Fiscal Period Focus	Q2
Amendment Flag	false
Document Fiscal Year Focus	2023
Current Fiscal Year End Date	--09-30
Entity Central Index Key	0000046765

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Current Assets:
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 159,672	$ 232,131
Restricted cash	53,231	36,246
Short-term investments	85,090	117,101
Accounts receivable, net of allowance of $6,096 and $2,975, respectively	525,611	458,713
Inventories of materials and supplies, net	99,408	87,957
Prepaid expenses and other, net	80,090	66,463
Assets held-for-sale	1,349	4,333
Total current assets	1,004,451	1,002,944
Investments	261,960	218,981
Property, plant and equipment, net	2,931,301	2,960,809
Other Noncurrent Assets:
Goodwill	45,653	45,653
Intangible assets, net	63,790	67,154
Operating lease right-of-use assets	37,150	39,064
Other assets, net	21,428	20,926
Total other noncurrent assets	168,021	172,797
Total assets	4,365,733	4,355,531
Current Liabilities:
Accounts payable	160,101	126,966
Dividends payable	50,409	26,693
Accrued liabilities	203,211	241,151
Total current liabilities	413,721	394,810
Noncurrent Liabilities:
Long-term debt, net	542,734	542,610
Deferred income taxes	540,316	537,712
Other	113,156	114,927
Total noncurrent liabilities	1,196,206	1,195,249
Commitments and Contingencies (Note 12)
Shareholders' Equity:
Common stock, $0.10 par value, 160,000,000 shares authorized, 112,222,865 shares issued as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, and 102,584,517 and 105,293,662 shares outstanding as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively	11,222	11,222
Preferred stock, no par value, 1,000,000 shares authorized, no shares issued	0	0
Additional paid-in capital	509,205	528,278
Retained earnings	2,608,100	2,473,572
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,560)	(12,072)
Treasury stock, at cost, 9,638,348 shares and 6,929,203 shares as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively	(361,161)	(235,528)
Total shareholders’ equity	2,755,806	2,765,472
Total liabilities and shareholders' equity	$ 4,365,733	$ 4,355,531

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Current Assets:
Allowance for accounts receivable	$ 6,096	$ 2,975
Common Stock
Common stock, par value (in dollars per share)	$ 0.10	$ 0.10
Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)	160,000,000	160,000,000
Common stock, shares issued (in shares)	112,222,865	112,222,865
Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)	102,584,517	105,293,662
Preferred Stock
Preferred stock shares par value (in shares)	$ 0	$ 0
Preferred stock, shares authorized (in shares)	1,000,000	1,000,000
Preferred stock, shares issued (in shares)	0	0
Treasury Stock
Treasury stock, shares (in shares)	9,638,348	6,929,203

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS - USD ($) shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
OPERATING REVENUES
Drilling services	$ 766,682	$ 465,370	$ 1,483,852	$ 872,904
Other	2,540	2,227	5,007	4,475
Total operating revenues	769,222	467,597	1,488,859	877,379
OPERATING COSTS AND EXPENSES
Drilling services operating expenses, excluding depreciation and amortization	449,110	339,759	877,361	639,411
Other operating expenses	1,188	1,181	2,314	2,363
Depreciation and amortization	96,255	102,937	192,910	203,374
Research and development	8,702	6,387	15,635	12,914
Selling, general and administrative	52,855	47,051	101,310	90,766
Asset impairment charges	0	0	12,097	4,363
Restructuring charges	0	63	0	805
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(11,574)	(6,448)	(27,298)	(11,702)
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets	2,519	716	4,898	(313)
Total operating costs and expenses	594,017	490,214	1,169,431	942,607
OPERATING INCOME (LOSS) FROM CONTINUING OPERATIONS	175,205	(22,617)	319,428	(65,228)
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055	3,399	9,760	5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)	(4,390)	(8,594)	(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752	22,132	24,661	69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0	0	(60,083)
Other	(743)	(476)	(1,403)	(1,018)
Total unallocated amounts	39,825	20,665	24,424	4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	215,030	(1,952)	343,852	(60,851)
Income tax expense (benefit)	51,129	2,672	83,524	(4,896)
Income (loss) from continuing operations	163,901	(4,624)	260,328	(55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations before income taxes	139	(352)	857	(383)
Income tax expense	0	0	0	0
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139	(352)	857	(383)
NET INCOME (LOSS)	$ 164,040	$ (4,976)	$ 261,185	$ (56,338)
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 1.55	$ (0.05)	$ 2.45	$ (0.53)
Income from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01	0
Net income (loss) (in dollars per share)	1.55	(0.05)	2.46	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	1.55	(0.05)	2.45	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0	0	0.01	0
Net income (loss) (in dollars per share)	$ 1.55	$ (0.05)	$ 2.46	$ (0.53)
Weighted average shares outstanding:
Basic (in shares)	103,968	105,393	104,615	106,494
Diluted (in shares)	104,363	105,393	105,003	106,494

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Net income (loss)	$ 164,040	$ (4,976)	$ 261,185	$ (56,338)
Other comprehensive income, net of income taxes:
Net change related to employee benefit plans, net of income taxes of $(0.1) million and $(0.2) million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, respectively, and $(0.1) million and $(0.2) million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively	256	394	512	788
Other comprehensive income	256	394	512	788
Comprehensive income (loss)	$ 164,296	$ (4,582)	$ 261,697	$ (55,550)

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS) (Parenthetical) - USD ($) $ in Millions	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]
Income tax on minimum pension liability adjustments	$ (0.1)	$ (0.1)	$ (0.2)	$ (0.2)

XML

UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Total	Common Stock	Additional Paid-In Capital	Retained Earnings	Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)	Treasury Stock
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2021	$ 2,912,618	$ 11,222	$ 529,903	$ 2,573,375	$ (20,244)	$ (181,638)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021						4,324,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(51,362)			(51,362)
Other comprehensive income	394				394
Dividends declared	(26,807)			(26,807)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(4,112)		(21,152)			$ 17,040
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(381,000)
Stock-based compensation	6,218		6,218
Share repurchases (in shares)						2,548,000
Share repurchases	(60,358)					$ (60,358)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		112,222,000
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2021	2,776,591	$ 11,222	514,969	2,495,206	(19,850)	$ (224,956)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021						6,491,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2021	2,912,618	$ 11,222	529,903	2,573,375	(20,244)	$ (181,638)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2021						4,324,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(56,338)
Other comprehensive income	788
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	2,734,410	$ 11,222	514,771	2,463,665	(19,456)	$ (235,792)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022						6,937,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2021	2,776,591	$ 11,222	514,969	2,495,206	(19,850)	$ (224,956)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2021						6,491,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	(4,976)			(4,976)
Other comprehensive income	394				394
Dividends declared	(26,565)			(26,565)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(1,392)		(7,197)			$ 5,805
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(161,000)
Stock-based compensation	7,945		7,945
Share repurchases (in shares)						607,000
Share repurchases	(16,641)					$ (16,641)
Other	(946)		(946)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2022	$ 2,734,410	$ 11,222	514,771	2,463,665	(19,456)	$ (235,792)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2022						6,937,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022	105,293,662	112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 2,765,472	$ 11,222	528,278	2,473,572	(12,072)	$ (235,528)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022	6,929,203					6,929,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	$ 97,145			97,145
Other comprehensive income	256				256
Dividends declared	(76,611)			(76,611)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(9,483)		(22,776)			$ 13,293
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(449,000)
Stock-based compensation	8,273		8,273
Share repurchases (in shares)						844,000
Share repurchases	(39,060)					$ (39,060)
Other	(847)		(847)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Ending balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 2,745,145	$ 11,222	512,928	2,494,106	(11,816)	$ (261,295)
Ending balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022						7,324,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022	105,293,662	112,222,000
Beginning balance at Sep. 30, 2022	$ 2,765,472	$ 11,222	528,278	2,473,572	(12,072)	$ (235,528)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Sep. 30, 2022	6,929,203					6,929,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	$ 261,185
Other comprehensive income	$ 512
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	102,584,517	112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 2,755,806	$ 11,222	509,205	2,608,100	(11,560)	$ (361,161)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	9,638,348					9,638,000
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022		112,222,000
Beginning balance at Dec. 31, 2022	$ 2,745,145	$ 11,222	512,928	2,494,106	(11,816)	$ (261,295)
Beginning balance (in shares) at Dec. 31, 2022						7,324,000
Increase (Decrease) in Shareholders' Equity
Net income (loss)	164,040			164,040
Other comprehensive income	256				256
Dividends declared	(50,046)			(50,046)
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes	(4,927)		(11,769)			$ 6,842
Vesting of restricted stock awards, net of shares withheld for employee taxes (in shares)						(229,000)
Stock-based compensation	7,431		7,431
Share repurchases (in shares)						2,543,000
Share repurchases	(106,708)					$ (106,708)
Other	$ 615		615
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	102,584,517	112,222,000
Ending balance at Mar. 31, 2023	$ 2,755,806	$ 11,222	$ 509,205	$ 2,608,100	$ (11,560)	$ (361,161)
Ending balance (in shares) at Mar. 31, 2023	9,638,348					9,638,000

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Parenthetical) - $ / shares	3 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022
Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.25	$ 0.25
Dividends declared, supplemental (in dollars per share)	$ 0.235	$ 0.235

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UNAUDITED CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
CASH FLOWS FROM OPERATING ACTIVITIES:
Net income (loss)	$ 261,185	$ (56,338)
Adjustment for (income) loss from discontinued operations	(857)	383
Income (loss) from continuing operations	260,328	(55,955)
Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization	192,910	203,374
Asset impairment charges	12,097	4,363
Amortization of debt discount and debt issuance costs	664	559
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	60,083
Provision for credit loss	3,222	669
Stock-based compensation	15,704	14,163
Gain on investment securities	(24,661)	(69,994)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	(27,298)	(11,702)
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets	(4,898)	313
Deferred income tax expense (benefit)	3,165	(11,597)
Other	2,024	(4,287)
Change in assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable	(70,680)	(103,751)
Inventories of materials and supplies	(12,116)	158
Prepaid expenses and other	(16,387)	(4,068)
Other noncurrent assets	(1,060)	10,375
Accounts payable	33,610	32,138
Accrued liabilities	(42,614)	(29,322)
Deferred income tax liability	(711)	196
Other noncurrent liabilities	3,006	(16,777)
Net cash provided by operating activities from continuing operations	326,305	18,938
Net cash used in operating activities from discontinued operations	(51)	(42)
Net cash provided by operating activities	326,254	18,896
CASH FLOWS FROM INVESTING ACTIVITIES:
Capital expenditures	(181,479)	(104,482)
Other capital expenditures related to assets held-for-sale	0	(10,550)
Purchase of short-term investments	(64,418)	(68,565)
Purchase of long-term investments	(18,771)	(14,124)
Proceeds from sale of short-term investments	97,744	117,456
Proceeds from asset sales	47,718	34,944
Net cash used in investing activities	(119,206)	(45,321)
CASH FLOWS FROM FINANCING ACTIVITIES:
Dividends paid	(102,941)	(54,007)
Payments for employee taxes on net settlement of equity awards	(14,410)	(5,503)
Payment of contingent consideration from acquisition of business	(250)	(250)
Payments for early extinguishment of long-term debt	0	(487,148)
Make-whole premium payment	0	(56,421)
Share repurchases	(145,013)	(76,999)
Other	(540)	(587)
Net cash used in financing activities	(263,154)	(680,915)
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash	(56,106)	(707,340)
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period	269,009	936,716
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period	212,903	229,376
Cash paid during the period:
Interest paid	8,919	10,798
Income tax paid	118,090	695
Income tax received	25,687	62
Payments for operating leases	5,970	6,069
Non-cash operating and investing activities:
Change in accounts payable and accrued liabilities related to purchases of property, plant and equipment	$ 601	$ (2,431)

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NATURE OF OPERATIONS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]

NATURE OF OPERATIONS

NOTE 1 NATURE OF OPERATIONS

Helmerich & Payne, Inc. (“H&P,” which, together with its subsidiaries, is identified as the “Company,” “we,” “us,” or “our,” except where stated or the context requires otherwise) through its operating subsidiaries provides performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies that are intended to make hydrocarbon recovery safer and more economical for oil and gas exploration and production companies.

Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." Refer to Note 13—Business Segments and Geographic Information for further details on our reportable segments.

Our North America Solutions operations are primarily located in Texas, but also traditionally operate in other states, depending on demand. Such states include: Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, North Dakota, Ohio, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, Utah, West Virginia, and Wyoming. Additionally, Offshore Gulf of Mexico operations are conducted in Louisiana and in U.S. federal waters in the Gulf of Mexico and our International Solutions operations have rigs and/or services primarily located in four international locations: Argentina, Bahrain, Colombia and the United Arab Emirates. Our operations in Australia are expected to begin in the latter half of fiscal year 2023.

We also own and operate a limited number of commercial real estate properties located in Tulsa, Oklahoma. Our real estate investments include a shopping center and undeveloped real estate.

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

NOTE 2 SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES

Interim Financial Information

The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of those of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

The Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company gains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income, expenses and other comprehensive income or loss of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the fiscal year are included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are subject to potential credit risk, and certain of our cash accounts carry balances greater than the federally insured limits.

    We had restricted cash of $53.2 million and $27.2 million at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $36.9 million and $19.2 million at September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Of the total at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, is related to the acquisition of drilling technology companies, and $52.6 million and $35.8 million, respectively, represents an amount management has elected to restrict for the purpose of potential insurance claims in our wholly-owned captive insurance companies. The restricted amounts are primarily invested in short-term money market securities.

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

	March 31,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	159,672	$	202,206	$	232,131	$	917,534
Restricted cash	53,231		26,438		36,246		18,350
Restricted cash - long-term:
Other assets, net	—		732		632		832
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	212,903	$	229,376	$	269,009	$	936,716

Recently Issued Accounting Updates

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of ASUs listed below, immaterial, or already adopted by the Company.

The following table provides a brief description of recently adopted accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial  Statements or Other Significant Matters
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own equity (subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts In An Entity’s Own Equity	This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for convertible debt and other equity-linked instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021.	October 1, 2022	We adopted this ASU, as required, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.
ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments in this update clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value (i.e., the entity would not apply a discount related to the contractual sale restriction). Furthermore, an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions will be required: (1) the fair value of the equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet, (2) the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s), and (3) the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s). This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023.	October 1, 2022	We early adopted this ASU during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

Self-Insurance

Our wholly-owned insurance captives (the "Captives") incurred direct operating costs consisting primarily of adjustments to accruals for estimated losses of $1.7 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $4.7 million and $(0.4) million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $10.9 million and $7.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively, and $20.9 million and $16.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. These operating costs were recorded within drilling services operating expenses in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $17.7 million and $13.2 million respectively, and $34.1 million and $26.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. These intercompany insurance premiums are reflected as segment operating expenses within the North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico, and International Solutions reportable operating segments and are reflected as intersegment sales within "Other." The Company self-insures employee health plan exposures in excess of employee deductibles. Starting in the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, the Captive insurer issued a stop-loss program that will reimburse the Company's health plan for claims that exceed $50,000. This program is reviewed at the end of each policy year by an outside actuary. Our medical stop loss operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $2.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively, and $5.3 million and $6.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

International Solutions Drilling Risks

International Solutions drilling operations may significantly contribute to our revenues and net operating income (loss). There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully conduct such operations, and a failure to do so may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Also, the success of our International Solutions operations will be subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, modified exchange controls, changes in international regulatory requirements and international employment issues, risk of expropriation of real and personal property and the burden of complying with foreign laws. Additionally, in the event that extended labor strikes occur or a country experiences significant political, economic or social instability, we could experience shortages in labor and/or material and supplies necessary to operate some of our drilling rigs, thereby potentially causing an adverse material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have also experienced certain risks specific to our Argentine operations. In Argentina, while our dayrate is denominated in U.S. dollars, we are paid the equivalent in Argentine pesos. The Argentine branch of one of our second-tier subsidiaries remits U.S. dollars to its U.S. parent by converting the Argentine pesos into U.S. dollars through the Argentine Foreign Exchange Market and repatriating the U.S. dollars. Argentina also has a history of implementing currency controls that restrict the conversion and repatriation of U.S. dollars. In September 2020, Argentina implemented additional currency controls in an effort to preserve Argentina's U.S. dollar reserves. As a result of these currency controls, our ability to remit funds from our Argentine subsidiary to its U.S. parent has been limited. In the past, the Argentine government has also instituted price controls on crude oil, diesel and gasoline prices and instituted an exchange rate freeze in connection with those prices. These price controls and an exchange rate freeze could be instituted again in the future. Further, there are additional concerns regarding Argentina's debt burden, notwithstanding Argentina's restructuring deal with international bondholders in August 2020, as Argentina attempts to manage its substantial sovereign debt issues. These concerns could further negatively impact Argentina's economy and adversely affect our Argentine operations. Argentina’s economy is considered highly inflationary, which is defined as cumulative inflation rates exceeding 100 percent in the most recent three-year period based on inflation data published by the respective governments. Nonetheless, all of our foreign subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency and local currency monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars with gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions included in current results of operations.

We recorded aggregate foreign currency losses of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 respectively, and $2.4 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. In the future, we may incur larger currency devaluations, foreign exchange restrictions or other difficulties repatriating U.S. dollars from Argentina or elsewhere, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As of March 31, 2023, our cash balance in Argentina was $16.3 million.

Because of the impact of local laws, our future operations in certain areas may be conducted through entities in which local citizens own interests and through entities (including joint ventures) in which we hold only a minority interest or pursuant to arrangements under which we conduct operations under contract to local entities. While we believe that neither operating through such entities nor pursuant to such arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our operations or revenues, there can be no assurance that we will in all cases be able to structure or restructure our operations to conform to local law (or the administration thereof) on terms acceptable to us.

Although we attempt to minimize the potential impact of such risks by operating in more than one geographical area, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 7.4 percent and 7.5 percent of our operating revenues were generated from international locations compared to 5.9 percent and 7.5 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 86.3 percent and 88.4 percent of operating revenues from international locations were from operations in South America compared to 75.8 percent and 76.6 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of the South American operating revenues were from Argentina and Colombia. The future occurrence of one or more international events arising from the types of risks described above could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

NOTE 3 PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT

Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 consisted of the following:

(in thousands)	Estimated Useful Lives	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Drilling services equipment	4 - 15 years	$	6,338,257	$	6,369,888
Tubulars	4 years	571,945		569,496
Real estate properties	10 - 45 years	46,293		45,557
Other	2 - 23 years	436,243		422,479
Construction in progress1		99,623		70,119
		7,492,361		7,477,539
Accumulated depreciation		(4,561,060)		(4,516,730)
Property, plant and equipment, net		$	2,931,301	$	2,960,809
Assets held-for-sale		$	1,349	$	4,333

(1)Included in construction in progress are costs for projects in progress to upgrade or refurbish certain rigs in our existing fleet. Additionally, we include other advances for capital maintenance purchase-orders that are open/in process. As these various projects are completed, the costs are then classified to their appropriate useful life category.

Depreciation

Depreciation expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $94.6 million and $101.1 million including abandonments of $1.0 million and $2.5 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Depreciation expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $189.5 million and $199.8 million including abandonments of $2.1 million and $3.8 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. In November 2022, a fire at a wellsite caused substantial damage to one of our super spec-rigs within our North America Solutions segment. The major components were destroyed beyond repair and considered a total loss, and, as a result, these assets were written off and the rig was removed from our available rig count. At the time of the loss, the rig was fully insured under replacement cost insurance. The insurance recovery is expected to exceed the net book value of the components written off. The loss of $9.2 million is recorded as abandonment expense within Depreciation and amortization in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and is offset by an insurance recovery that was also recognized within Depreciation and Amortization for the same amount as the loss. Any insurance proceeds in excess of the loss will be recognized once it is collected.

Assets Held-for-Sale

The following table summarizes the balance (in thousands) of our assets held-for-sale at the dates indicated below:

Balance at September 30, 2022	$	4,333
Plus:
Asset additions	767
Less:
Sale of assets held-for-sale	(1,018)
Impairment expense	(2,733)
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	1,349

Fiscal Year 2023 Activity

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, the Company initiated a plan to decommission and scrap four international FlexRig® drilling rigs and four conventional drilling rigs located in Argentina that are not suitable for unconventional drilling. As a result, these rigs were reclassified to Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023. The rigs’ aggregate net book value of $8.8 million was written down to the estimated scrap value of $0.7 million, which resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $8.1 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2023.

During the six months ended March 31, 2023, our North America Solutions assets that were previously classified as Assets held-for-sale at September 30, 2022 were either sold or written down to scrap value. The aggregate net book value of these remaining assets was $3.0 million, which exceeded the estimated scrap value of $0.3 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $2.7 million. During the same period, we also identified additional equipment that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and was reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The aggregate net book value of the equipment of $1.4 million was written down to its estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.3 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023. These impairment charges are recorded within our North America Solutions segment in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations.

Fiscal Year 2022 Activity

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we closed on the sale of our trucking and casing running assets for total consideration less costs to sell of $6.0 million, in addition to the possibility of future earnout proceeds, resulting in a loss of $3.4 million recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2022 and 2023 we recognized $0.3 million and $1.2 million, respectively, in earnout proceeds associated with the sale of our trucking services assets within Other (gain) loss on sale of assets on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, we identified two partial rig substructures that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. The combined net book value of the rig substructures of $2.0 million were written down to their estimated scrap value of $0.1 million, resulting in a non-cash impairment charge of $1.9 million within our North America Solutions segment and recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2022. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, we completed the sale of these assets with a net book value of approximately $0.1 million, resulting in no gain or loss as a result of the sale. Two international FlexRig® drilling rigs located in Colombia were identified that met the asset held-for-sale criteria and were reclassified as Assets held-for-sale on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. In conjunction with establishing a plan to sell the two international FlexRig® drilling rigs, we recognized a non-cash impairment charge of $2.5 million within our International Solutions segment and recorded in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2022, as the rigs aggregate net book value of $3.4 million exceeded the fair value of the rigs less estimated cost to sell of $0.9 million. During the second quarter of fiscal year 2022, we completed the sale of the two international FlexRig® drilling rigs for total consideration of $0.9 million, resulting in no gain or loss as a result of the sale.

During the six months ended March 31, 2022, ADNOC Drilling accepted delivery of two rigs located in the U.A.E. with a net book value of $4.1 million and, as a result, we recognized a gain of $1.2 million, after incurring $2.4 million of selling costs, during the three months ended March 31, 2022 and the rigs were removed from assets classified as held-for-sale as of March 31, 2022. The gain of $1.2 million is recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022.

The significant assumptions utilized in the valuations of held-for-sale were based on our intended method of disposal, historical sales of similar assets, and market quotes and are classified as Level 2 and Level 3 inputs by ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement and Disclosures. Although we believe the assumptions used in our analysis are reasonable and appropriate, different assumptions and estimates could materially impact the analysis and our resulting conclusion.

(Gain)/Loss on Sale of Assets

Gain on Reimbursement of Drilling Equipment

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 we recognized a gain of $11.6 million, $27.3 million, $6.4 million, and $11.7 million, respectively, related to customer reimbursement for the current replacement value of lost or damaged drill pipe. Gains related to these asset sales are recorded in Gains on reimbursement of drilling equipment within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Other (Gain)/Loss on Sale of Assets

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 we recognized a (gain) loss of $(2.5) million, $(4.9) million, $(0.7) million, and $0.3 million, respectively, related to the sale of rig equipment and other capital assets. These amounts are recorded in Other (gain) loss on sale of Assets within our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations.

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

NOTE 4 GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the fair values of the assets acquired and liabilities assumed in a business combination, at the date of acquisition. Goodwill is not amortized but is tested for potential impairment at the reporting unit level, at a minimum on an annual basis in the fourth fiscal quarter, or when indications of potential impairment exist. All of our goodwill is within our North America Solutions reportable segment.

During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we had no additions or impairments to goodwill. As of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, the goodwill balance was $45.7 million.

Intangible Assets

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the period in which these assets contribute to our cash flows and are evaluated for impairment in accordance with our policies for valuation of long-lived assets. All of our intangible assets are within our North America Solutions reportable segment and consist of the following:

		March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Finite-lived intangible asset:
Developed technology	15 years	$	89,096	$	31,115	$	57,981	$	89,096	$	28,137	$	60,959
Intellectual property	13 years	2,000		423		1,577		2,000		328		1,672
Trade name	20 years	5,865		1,633		4,232		5,865		1,475		4,390
Customer relationships	5 years	4,000		4,000		—		4,000		3,867		133
		$	100,961	$	37,171	$	63,790	$	100,961	$	33,807	$	67,154

Amortization expense in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations was $1.6 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively and $3.4 million and $3.6 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively. Amortization expense is estimated to be approximately $3.2 million for the remainder of fiscal year 2023, and approximately $6.4 million for fiscal year 2024 through 2027.

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DEBT

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

DEBT

NOTE 5 DEBT

We had the following unsecured long-term debt outstanding with maturities shown in the following table:

	March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value		Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value
Unsecured senior notes:
Due September 29, 2031	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610
	550,000		(7,266)		542,734		550,000		(7,390)		542,610
Less: long-term debt due within one year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Long-term debt	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610

Senior Notes

2.90% Senior Notes due 2031 On September 29, 2021, we issued $550.0 million aggregate principal amount of the 2.90 percent 2031 Notes in an offering to persons reasonably believed to be qualified institutional buyers in the United States pursuant to Rule 144A under the Securities Act (“Rule 144A”) and to certain non-U.S. persons in transactions outside the United States pursuant to Regulation S under the Securities Act (“Regulation S”). Interest on the 2031 Notes is payable semi-annually on March 29 and September 29 of each year, commencing on March 29, 2022. The 2031 Notes will mature on September 29, 2031 and bear interest at a rate of 2.90 percent per annum.

In June 2022, we settled a registered exchange offer (the “Registered Exchange Offer”) to exchange the 2031 Notes for new, SEC-registered notes that are substantially identical to the terms of the 2031 Notes, except that the offer and issuance of the new notes have been registered under the Securities Act and certain transfer restrictions, registration rights and additional interest provisions relating to the 2031 Notes do not apply to the new notes. All of the 2031 Notes were exchanged in the Registered Exchange Offer.

The indenture governing the 2031 Notes contains certain covenants that, among other things and subject to certain exceptions, limit the ability of the Company and its subsidiaries to incur certain liens; engage in sale and lease-back transactions; and consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the assets of the Company. The indenture governing the 2031 Notes also contains customary events of default with respect to the 2031 Notes.

4.65% Senior Notes due 2025 On October 27, 2021, we redeemed all of the outstanding 2025 Notes. As a result, the associated make-whole premium of $56.4 million and the write off of the unamortized discount and debt issuance costs of $3.7 million were recognized during the first fiscal quarter of 2022 contemporaneously with the October 27, 2021 debt extinguishment and recorded in Loss on extinguishment of debt on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Credit Facility

On November 13, 2018, we entered into a credit agreement by and among the Company, as borrower, Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, and the lenders party thereto, which was amended on November 13, 2019, providing for an unsecured revolving credit facility (as amended, the “2018 Credit Facility”), that was set to mature on November 13, 2024. On April 16, 2021, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 13, 2024 to November 12, 2025. No other terms of the 2018 Credit Facility were amended in connection with this extension. On March 8, 2022, we entered into the second amendment to the 2018 Credit Facility, which, among other things, raised the number of potential future extensions of the maturity date applicable to extending lenders from one to two such potential extensions and replaced provisions in respect of interest rate determinations that were based on the London Interbank Offered Rate with provisions based on the Secured Overnight Financing Rate. Additionally, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 12, 2025 to November 11, 2026. On February 10, 2023, lenders with $680.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility exercised their option to extend the maturity of the 2018 Credit Facility from November 11, 2026 to November 12, 2027. The remaining $70.0 million of commitments under the 2018 Credit Facility will expire on November 13, 2024, unless extended by the applicable lender before such date.

The 2018 Credit Facility has $750.0 million in aggregate availability with a maximum of $75.0 million available for use as letters of credit. As of March 31, 2023, there were no borrowings or letters of credit outstanding, leaving $750.0 million available to borrow under the 2018 Credit Facility. For a full description of the 2018 Credit Facility, see Note 7—Debt to the Consolidated Financial Statements in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K.

As of March 31, 2023, we had $95.0 million in uncommitted bilateral credit facilities, for the purpose of obtaining the issuance of international letters of credit, bank guarantees, and performance bonds. Of the $95.0 million, $40.0 million was outstanding as of March 31, 2023. Separately, we had $2.1 million in standby letters of credit and bank guarantees outstanding. In total, we had $42.1 million outstanding as of March 31, 2023.

The applicable agreements for all unsecured debt contain additional terms, conditions and restrictions that we believe are usual and customary in unsecured debt arrangements for companies that are similar in size and credit quality. At March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all debt covenants.

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INCOME TAXES

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

INCOME TAXES

NOTE 6 INCOME TAXES

We use an estimated annual effective tax rate for purposes of determining the income tax provision during interim reporting periods. In calculating our estimated annual effective tax rate, we consider forecasted annual pre-tax income and estimated permanent book versus tax differences. Adjustments to the effective tax rate and estimates could occur during the year as information and assumptions change which could include, but are not limited to, changes to the forecasted amounts, estimates of permanent book versus tax differences, and changes to tax laws and rates. For the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 we used a discrete effective tax rate method to calculate income taxes as it was determined the estimated annual effective tax rate method would not provide a reliable estimate.

Our income tax provision from continuing operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $51.1 million and $2.7 million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 23.8 percent and (136.9) percent, respectively. Our income tax provision (benefit) from continuing operations for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 was $83.5 million and $(4.9) million, respectively, resulting in effective tax rates of 24.3 percent and 8.0 percent, respectively.

Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes, and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the six months ended March 31, 2023 differs from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent due to a discrete tax adjustment of $0.2 million related to equity compensation.

Effective tax rates differ from the U.S. federal statutory rate of 21.0 percent for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 primarily due to state and foreign income taxes and permanent non-deductible items. Additionally, the effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2022 differs from the statutory rate due to the adjustments required to reflect the change in methodology to calculate the provision for income taxes as discussed above.

For the next 12 months, we cannot predict with certainty whether we will achieve ultimate resolution of any uncertain tax positions associated with our U.S. and international operations that could result in increases or decreases of our unrecognized tax benefits. However, we do not expect these increases or decreases to have a material effect on our results of continuing operations or financial position.

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SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

NOTE 7 SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

The Company has an evergreen authorization from the Board of Directors for the repurchase of up to four million common shares in any calendar year. In December 2022, the Board of Directors increased the maximum number of shares authorized to be repurchased in calendar year 2023 to five million common shares, effective January 1, 2023. The repurchases may be made using our cash and cash equivalents or other available sources and are held as treasury shares on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased 2.5 million and 3.4 million common shares, at an aggregate cost of $106.7 million and $145.8 million (including excise tax of $0.8 million), respectively. We repurchased 0.6 million and 3.2 million common shares at an aggregate cost of $16.6 million and $77.0 million, respectively, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022.

A base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a supplemental dividend of $0.235 per share was declared on December 9, 2022 for shareholders of record on February 14, 2023, and was paid on February 28, 2023. On March 1, 2023, the Board of Directors declared a base cash dividend of $0.25 per share and a supplemental cash dividend of $0.235 per share for shareholders of record on May 18, 2023, payable on June 1, 2023. As a result, we recorded Dividends Payable of $50.4 million on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023.

Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss

Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows:

	March 31,		September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(15,041)	$	(15,703)
	(15,041)		(15,703)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)
	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)

The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, related to the defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023		Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	(11,816)	$	(12,072)
Activity during the period:
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	256		512
Net current-period other comprehensive income	256		512
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	(11,560)	$	(11,560)

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

NOTE 8 REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS

Drilling Services Revenue

With most drilling contracts, we receive payments contractually designated for the mobilization and demobilization of drilling rigs and other equipment to and from the client’s drill site. Revenue associated with the mobilization and demobilization of our drilling rigs to and from the client’s drill site do not relate to a distinct good or service. These revenues are deferred and recognized ratably over the related contract term that drilling services are provided. For any contracts that include a provision for pooled term days at contract inception, followed by the assignment of days to specific rigs throughout the contract term, we have elected, as a practical expedient, to recognize revenue in an amount for which the entity has a right to invoice, as permitted by ASC 606.

On November 12, 2021, we settled a drilling contract dispute related to drilling services provided from fiscal years 2016 through 2019 with YPF S.A. (Argentina) ("YPF"). The settlement required that YPF make a one-time cash payment to H&P in the amount of $11.0 million and enter into drilling service contracts for three drilling rigs, each with multi-year terms. In addition, both parties were released of all outstanding claims against each other, and as a result, H&P recognized $5.4 million in revenue primarily due to accrued disputed amounts. Total revenue recognized as a result of the settlement in the amount of $16.4 million is included in Drilling Services Revenue within the International Solutions segment on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations for the six months ended March 31, 2022.

Contract Costs

We had capitalized fulfillment costs of $12.6 million and $6.3 million as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, respectively.

Remaining Performance Obligations

The total aggregate transaction price allocated to the unsatisfied performance obligations, commonly referred to as backlog, as of March 31, 2023 was approximately $1.3 billion, of which approximately $0.7 billion is expected to be recognized during the remainder of fiscal year 2023, approximately $0.5 billion during fiscal year 2024, and approximately $0.1 billion in fiscal year 2025 and thereafter. These amounts do not include anticipated contract renewals. Additionally, contracts that currently contain month-to-month terms are represented in our backlog as one month of unsatisfied performance obligations. Our contracts are subject to cancellation or modification at the election of the customer; however, due to the level of capital deployed by our customers on underlying projects, we have not been materially adversely affected by contract cancellations or modifications in the past.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

The following tables summarize the balances of our contract assets (net of allowance for estimated credit losses) and liabilities at the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Contract assets, net	$	7,125	$	6,319

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023
Contract liabilities balance at September 30, 2022	$	20,646
Payment received/accrued and deferred	48,114
Revenue recognized during the period	(34,083)
Contract liabilities balance at March 31, 2023	$	34,677

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

NOTE 9 STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

A summary of compensation expense for stock-based payment arrangements recognized in Drilling services operating expense, Research and development expense and Selling, general and administrative expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense
Drilling services operating	$	1,532	$	1,282	$	2,917	$	2,522
Research and development	486		393		912		746
Selling, general and administrative	5,413		6,270		11,875		10,895
	$	7,431	$	7,945	$	15,704	$	14,163

Restricted Stock

A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested restricted stock outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Shares1	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at September 30, 2022	1,493	$	30.85
Granted	588	44.53
Vested2	(708)	33.95
Forfeited	(8)	33.93
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at March 31, 2023	1,365	$	35.12

(1)Restricted stock shares include restricted phantom stock units under our Director Deferred Compensation Plan. These phantom stock units confer the economic benefits of owning company stock without the actual ownership, transfer or issuance of any shares. Phantom stock units are subject to a vesting period of one year from the grant date. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, 12,591 restricted phantom stock units were granted and 14,199 restricted phantom stock units vested.

(2)The number of restricted stock awards vested includes shares that we withheld on behalf of our employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.

Performance Units

A summary of the status of our performance-vested restricted share units ("performance units") as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested performance units outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per unit amounts)	Performance Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Non-vested performance units outstanding at September 30, 2022	726	$	33.67
Granted	144	54.30
Vested	(286)	43.40
Dividend equivalent rights performance units credited and performance factor adjustment1	191	36.10
Non-vested performance units outstanding at March 31, 20232	775	$	34.51

(1)At the end of the Vesting Period, recipients receive dividend equivalents, if any, with respect to the number of vested performance units. The vesting of units ranges from zero to 200 percent of the units granted depending on the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the TSR of the Peer Group on the vesting date.

(2)Of the total non-vested performance units at the end of the period, specified performance criteria has been achieved with respect to 225,308 performance units which is calculated based on the payout percentage for the completed performance period. The vesting and number of the remainder of non-vested performance units reflected at the end of the period is contingent upon our achievement of specified target performance criteria. If we meet the specified maximum performance criteria, approximately 379,152 additional performance units could vest or become eligible to vest.

Subject to the terms and conditions set forth in the applicable performance share unit award agreements and the 2020 Plan, grants of performance units are subject to a vesting period of three years (the “Vesting Period”) that is dependent on the achievement of certain performance goals. Such performance unit grants consist of two separate components. Performance units that comprise the first component are subject to a three-year performance cycle. Performance units that comprise the second component are further divided into three separate tranches, each of which is subject to a separate one-year performance cycle within the full three-year performance cycle.  The vesting of the performance units is generally dependent on (i) the achievement of the Company’s TSR performance goals relative to the TSR achievement of a peer group of companies over the applicable performance cycle, and (ii) the continued employment of the recipient of the performance unit award throughout the Vesting Period. The Vesting Period for performance units granted in November 2019 ended on December 31, 2022 and the performance units eligible to vest were settled in shares of common stock in January 2023.

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EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE

NOTE 10 EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE

    ASC 260, Earnings per Share, requires companies to treat unvested share-based payment awards that have non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents as a separate class of securities in calculating earnings per share.  We have granted and expect to continue to grant to employees restricted stock grants that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends. Such grants are considered participating securities under ASC 260.  As such, we are required to include these grants in the calculation of our basic earnings per share and calculate basic earnings per share using the two-class method. The two-class method of computing earnings per share is an earnings allocation formula that determines earnings per share for each class of common stock and participating security according to dividends declared (or accumulated) and participation rights in undistributed earnings.

Basic earnings per share is computed utilizing the two-class method and is calculated based on the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the periods presented.

Diluted earnings per share is computed using the weighted-average number of common and common equivalent shares outstanding during the periods utilizing the two-class method for stock options, non-vested restricted stock and performance units.

Under the two-class method of calculating earnings per share, dividends paid and a portion of undistributed net income, but not losses, are allocated to unvested restricted stock grants that receive dividends, which are considered participating securities.

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	163,901	$	(4,624)	$	260,328	$	(55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
Net income (loss)	164,040		(4,976)		261,185		(56,338)
Adjustment for basic earnings (loss) per share
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders	(2,237)		(396)		(3,511)		(770)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,664		(5,020)		256,817		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	161,803		(5,372)		257,674		(57,108)
Adjustment for diluted earnings (loss) per share
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders	6		—		6		—
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,670		(5,020)		256,823		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	$	161,809	$	(5,372)	$	257,680	$	(57,108)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share - weighted-average shares	103,968		105,393		104,615		106,494
Effect of dilutive shares from restricted stock and performance share units	395		—		388		—
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share - adjusted weighted-average shares	104,363		105,393		105,003		106,494
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)

We had a net loss for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022. Accordingly, our diluted earnings per share calculation for that period was equivalent to our basic earnings per share calculation since diluted earnings per share excluded any assumed vesting of equity awards. These were excluded because they were deemed to be anti-dilutive, meaning their inclusion would have reduced the reported net loss per share in the applicable period.

The following potentially dilutive average shares attributable to outstanding equity awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive	2,426		2,675		2,516		2,856
Weighted-average price per share	$	62.03	$	60.26	$	61.74	$	59.58

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

NOTE 11 FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

We have certain assets and liabilities that are required to be measured and disclosed at fair value. Fair value is defined as the exchange price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (an exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date.  We use the fair value hierarchy established in ASC 820-10 to measure fair value to prioritize the inputs:

•Level 1 — Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date.

•Level 2 — Observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, such as quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets; quoted prices for similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active; or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data.

•Level 3 — Unobservable inputs that are supported by little or no market activity and that are significant to the fair value of the assets or liabilities. This includes pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies and similar techniques that use significant unobservable inputs.

The Company's assessment of the significance of a particular input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors specific to the asset or liability.

Recurring Fair Value Measurements

The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement.

	March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	71,984	$	—	$	71,984	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	13,106		13,106		—		—
Total short-term investments	85,090		13,106		71,984		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,578		14,578		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	171,745		171,745		—		—
Equity investment in Tamboran	14,196		14,196		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	2,140		—		—		2,140
Total investments	235,659		200,519		—		35,140
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	5,030	$	—	$	—	$	5,030

	September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	98,264	$	—	$	98,264	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	18,837		18,837		—		—
Total short-term investments	117,101		18,837		98,264		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,301		14,301		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	147,370		147,370		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	565		—		—		565
Total investments	195,236		161,671		—		33,565
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	4,022	$	—	$	—	$	4,022

Short-term Investments

Short-term investments primarily include securities classified as trading securities. Both realized and unrealized gains and losses on trading securities are included in other income (expense) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. These securities are recorded at fair value. Level 1 inputs include U.S. agency issued debt securities with active markets and money market funds. For these items, quoted current market prices are readily available. Level 2 inputs include corporate bonds measured using broker quotations that utilize observable market inputs.

Long-term Investments

Equity Securities Our long-term investments include debt and equity securities and assets held in a Non-Qualified Supplemental Savings Plan ("Savings Plan") and are recorded within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets. Our assets that we hold in the Savings Plan are comprised of mutual funds that are measured using Level 1 inputs.

During September 2021, the Company made a $100.0 million cornerstone investment in ADNOC Drilling in advance of its announced initial public offering, representing 159.7 million shares of ADNOC Drilling, equivalent to a one percent ownership stake and subject to a three-year lockup period. ADNOC Drilling’s initial public offering was completed on October 3, 2021, and its shares are listed and traded on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange. Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and measured at fair value with any gains or losses recognized through net income (loss) and recorded within Gain (loss) on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we early adopted ASU No. 2022-03 which states that the contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security that is publicly traded is not considered in measuring fair value. The provisions of ASU No. 2022-03 were consistent with our historical accounting for our investment in ADNOC Drilling. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a gain of $42.6 million and $24.4 million respectively, on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment compared to a gain of $16.7 million and $64.5 million during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022 respectively. As of March 31, 2023, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price on the Abu Dhabi Securities Exchange.

Equity Securities with Fair Value Option In October 2022, we made a $14.1 million equity investment, representing 106.0 million common shares (approximately 7.5 percent ownership stake), in Tamboran Resources Limited ("Tamboran"), a publicly traded company on the Australian Securities Exchange Ltd under the ticker "TBN." Tamboran is focused on playing a constructive role in the global energy transition towards a lower carbon future, by developing a significantly low CO2 gas resource within Australia's Beetaloo Sub-basin. Concurrent with the investment agreement, we entered into a fixed-term drilling services agreement with the same investee for which mobilization is expected to commence later this fiscal year. Approximately $30.3 million in revenue is expected to be earned over the term of the contract, and, as such, this amount is included within our contract backlog as of March 31, 2023.

We believe we have a significant influence, but not control or joint control over the investee, due to several factors, including our ownership percentage, operational involvement and role on the investee's board of directors. We consider this investment to have a readily determinable fair value and have elected to account for this investment using the fair value option with any changes in fair value recognized through net income (loss). Our investment is classified as a long-term equity investment within Investments on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of March 31, 2023. Under the guidance, Topic 820, Fair Value Measurement, this investment is classified as a Level 1 investment based on the quoted stock price which is publicly available. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, we recognized a gain (loss) of $(3.0) million and $0.1 million, respectively, recorded within Gain on investment securities on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, as a result of the change in fair value of the investment during the period.

Debt Securities During April 2022, the Company made a $33.0 million cornerstone investment in Galileo Holdco 2 Limited Technologies ("Galileo Holdco 2"), part of the group of companies known as Galileo Technologies (“Galileo”) in the form of a convertible note. Galileo specializes in liquification, natural gas compression and re-gasification modular systems and technologies to make the production, transportation, and consumption of natural gas, biomethane, and hydrogen more economically viable. The convertible note bears interest at 5.0 percent per annum with a maturity date of the earlier of April 2027 or an exit event (as defined in the agreement as either an initial public offering or a sale of Galileo). If the conversion option is exercised, the note would convert into common shares of the parent of Galileo Holdco 2. We currently do not intend to sell this investment prior to its maturity date or an exit event. As of March 31, 2023, the fair value of the convertible note was approximately equal to the cost basis.

All of our long-term debt securities, including our investment in Galileo, are classified as available-for-sale and are measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs based on the absence of market activity. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	33,107	$	3,500	$	33,565	$	500
Purchases	2,033		—		2,075		3,000
Transfers out1	—		—		(500)		—
Assets at end of period	$	35,140	$	3,500	$	35,140	$	3,500

(1)We reclassified a portion of our long-term debt securities to short-term notes receivable and is recorded in accounts receivable on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at March 31, 2023:

Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs
$	33,000	Black-Scholes-Merton model	Discount rate	22.4	%
			Risk-free rate	4.0	%
			Equity volatility	92.5	%

The above significant unobservable inputs are subject to change based on changes in economic and market conditions. The use of significant unobservable inputs creates uncertainty in the measurement of fair value as of the reporting date. Significant increases or decreases in the discount rate, risk-free rate, and equity volatility in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. It is not possible for us to predict the effect of future economic or market conditions on our estimated fair values.

Contingent Consideration Other financial instruments measured using Level 3 unobservable inputs primarily consist of potential earnout payments associated with our business acquisitions in fiscal year 2019. Contingent consideration is recorded in Accrued liabilities and Other noncurrent liabilities on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets based on the expected timing of milestone achievements. The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 liabilities for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Liabilities at beginning of period	$	3,780	$	3,096	$	4,022	$	2,996
Additions	—		—		500		500
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings	1,750		(100)		1,758		(250)
Settlements1	(500)		—		(1,250)		(250)
Liabilities at end of period	$	5,030	$	2,996	$	5,030	$	2,996

(1)Settlements represent earnout payments that have been paid or earned during the period.

Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements

We have certain assets that are subject to measurement at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. For these nonfinancial assets, measurement at fair value in periods subsequent to their initial recognition is applicable if they are determined to be impaired. These assets generally include property, plant and equipment, goodwill, intangible assets, and operating lease right-of-use assets. If measured at fair value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, these would generally be classified within Level 2 or 3 of the fair value hierarchy. Further details on any changes in valuation of these assets is provided in their respective footnotes.

Other Equity Securities We also hold various other equity securities without readily determinable fair values, primarily comprised of geothermal investments. These equity securities are measured at cost, less any impairments, and will be marked to fair value when observable price changes in identical or similar investments from the same issuer occur. As of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and September 30, 2022, the aggregate balance of these equity securities was $26.3 million, $14.0 million, and $23.7 million, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we did not record any impairments on these investments.

The following table reconciles changes in the balance of our equity securities, without readily determinable fair values, for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	25,800	$	8,881	$	23,745	$	2,865
Purchases	501		5,109		2,556		11,125
Assets at end of period	$	26,301	$	13,990	$	26,301	$	13,990

Geothermal Investments

As of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 the aggregate balance of our debt and equity security investments in geothermal energy was $27.3 million and $23.7 million, respectively. These investments include assets measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis (discussed in the subsections above). In circumstances where we are required to revalue these investments based on observable changes in fair market value, these investments would be classified as Level 3 based on the absence of market activity.

Other Financial Instruments

The carrying amount of cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash approximates fair value due to the short-term nature of these items. The majority of cash equivalents are invested in highly liquid money-market mutual funds invested primarily in direct or indirect obligations of the U.S. Government and in federally insured deposit accounts. The carrying value of accounts receivable, other current and noncurrent assets, accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other liabilities approximated fair value at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022.

The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in millions)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Long-term debt, net
Carrying value	$	542.7	$	542.6
Fair value	456.4		430.7

The fair values of the long-term fixed-rate debt is based on broker quotes at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022.  The notes are classified within Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy as they are not actively traded in markets.

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]

COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

NOTE 12 COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

Purchase Commitments

Equipment, parts, and supplies are ordered in advance to promote efficient construction and capital improvement progress. At March 31, 2023, we had purchase commitments for equipment, parts and supplies of approximately $145.8 million.

Guarantee Arrangements

We are contingently liable to sureties in respect of bonds issued by the sureties in connection with certain commitments entered into by us in the normal course of business. We have agreed to indemnify the sureties for any payments made by them in respect of such bonds.

Contingencies

During the ordinary course of our business, contingencies arise resulting from an existing condition, situation or set of circumstances involving an uncertainty as to the realization of a possible gain or loss contingency.  We account for gain contingencies in accordance with the provisions of ASC 450, Contingencies, and, therefore, we do not record gain contingencies or recognize income until realized.  The property and equipment of our Venezuelan subsidiary was seized by the Venezuelan government on June 30, 2010.  Our wholly-owned subsidiaries, Helmerich & Payne International Drilling Co. ("HPIDC"), and Helmerich & Payne de Venezuela, C.A. filed a lawsuit in the United States District Court for the District of Columbia on September 23, 2011 against the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela, Petroleos de Venezuela, S.A. and PDVSA Petroleo, S.A., seeking damages for the seizure of their Venezuelan drilling business in violation of international law and for breach of contract. While there exists the possibility of realizing a recovery on HPIDC's expropriation claims, we are currently unable to determine the timing or amounts we may receive, if any, or the likelihood of recovery.

In May 2018, an employee of our subsidiary, HPIDC, was involved in a car accident in his personal vehicle while not clocked in for work. The accident resulted in a fatality of a passenger in the other vehicle. The estate of the victim, his widow and children subsequently brought a lawsuit against the employee and HPIDC in Texas State District Court in January 2020. In February 2022, trial began in the matter and the jury reached a verdict against HPIDC and our employee for approximately $126.0 million, including interest. In March 2022, the court entered a judgment consistent with the findings of the jury. In April 2022, the Company and its insurers filed post-trial motions, none of which were granted by the trial judge. However, in June 2022, Plaintiffs' counsel filed a Voluntary Remittitur with the trial court, which formally reduced the verdict to $60.0 million. The Company and its insurers are currently filing motions to appeal the judgement. Accordingly, the Company cannot make an estimate of the possible loss at this time. As of March 31, 2023, we have incurred expenses, mainly legal fees, against the insurance deductible. At this time, we believe our insurance policies will be responsive to the amounts over our $3.0 million insurance deductible and that foreseeable exposures to the Company exceeding the deductible will be recovered through insurance.

The Company and its subsidiaries are parties to various other pending legal actions arising in the ordinary course of our business. We maintain insurance against certain business risks subject to certain deductibles. Although no assurance can be given, we believe, based on our experiences to date and taking into account established reserves and insurance, that the ultimate resolution of such items will not have a material adverse impact on our financial condition, cash flows, or results of operations. When we determine a loss is probable of occurring and is reasonably estimable, we accrue an undiscounted liability for such contingencies based on our best estimate using information available at that time. If the estimated loss is a range of potential outcomes and there is no better estimate within the range, we accrue the amount at the low end of the range. We disclose contingencies where an adverse outcome may be material, or in the judgment of management, we conclude the matter should otherwise be disclosed.

Significant Lease Not Yet Commenced During the six months ended March 31, 2023, we entered into a lease agreement for our new Tulsa corporate office. This lease is expected to commence sometime during the first half of calendar year 2024. The initial lease term is approximately 12 years with two unpriced five-year extension options. The aggregate future non-cancelable lease payments are estimated to be approximately $15.1 million.

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

NOTE 13 BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION

Description of the Business

We are a performance-driven drilling solutions and technologies company based in Tulsa, Oklahoma with operations in all major U.S. onshore oil and gas producing basins as well as South America and the Middle East. Our drilling operations consist mainly of contracting Company-owned drilling equipment primarily to large oil and gas exploration companies. We believe we are the recognized industry leader in drilling as well as technological innovation. We focus on offering our customers an integrated solutions-based approach by combining proprietary rig technology, automation software, and digital expertise into our rig operations rather than a product-based offering, such as a rig or separate technology package. Our drilling services operations are organized into the following reportable operating business segments: North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico and International Solutions. 

Each reportable operating segment is a strategic business unit that is managed separately, and consolidated revenues and expenses reflect the elimination of all material intercompany transactions. Our real estate operations, our incubator program for new research and development projects, and our wholly-owned captive insurance companies are included in "Other." External revenues included in “Other” primarily consist of rental income.

Segment Performance

We evaluate segment performance based on income or loss from continuing operations (segment operating income (loss)) before income taxes which includes:

•Revenues from external and internal customers

•Direct operating costs

•Depreciation and amortization

•Allocated general and administrative costs

•Asset impairment charges

but excludes gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment, other (gain) loss on sale of assets, corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation, and corporate restructuring charges.

General and administrative costs are allocated to the segments based primarily on specific identification and, to the extent that such identification is not practical, other methods may be used which we believe to be a reasonable reflection of the utilization of services provided.

Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is shown in the following tables:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	675,780	$	34,979	$	55,890	$	2,573	$	—	$	769,222
Intersegment	—		—		—		17,662		(17,662)		—
Total sales	675,780		34,979		55,890		20,235		(17,662)		769,222
Segment operating income	$	182,149	$	6,687	$	3,955	$	6,823	$	(2,267)	$	197,347

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	408,814	$	29,147	$	27,422	$	2,214	$	—	$	467,597
Intersegment	—		—		—		13,204		(13,204)		—
Total sales	408,814		29,147		27,422		15,418		(13,204)		467,597
Segment operating income (loss)	$	1,297	$	5,278	$	(848)	$	3,167	$	(2,031)	$	6,863

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	1,302,943	$	70,143	$	110,691	$	5,082	$	—	$	1,488,859
Intersegment	—		—		—		34,064		(34,064)		—
Total sales	1,302,943		70,143		110,691		39,146		(34,064)		1,488,859
Segment operating income	$	327,446	$	13,433	$	5,529	$	11,500	$	43	$	357,951

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	749,848	$	58,461	$	64,581	$	4,489	$	—	$	877,379
Intersegment	—		—		—		26,852		(26,852)		—
Total sales	749,848		58,461		64,581		31,341		(26,852)		877,379
Segment operating income (loss)	$	(27,596)	$	10,744	$	7,201	$	7,096	$	(3,313)	$	(5,868)

The following table reconciles segment operating income (loss) per the tables above to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Segment operating income (loss)	$	197,347	$	6,863	$	357,951	$	(5,868)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	11,574		6,448		27,298		11,702
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	2,519		716		4,898		(313)
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation and corporate restructuring charges	(36,235)		(36,644)		(70,719)		(70,749)
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	175,205		(22,617)		319,428		(65,228)
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055		3,399		9,760		5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)		(4,390)		(8,594)		(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752		22,132		24,661		69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		(60,083)
Other	(743)		(476)		(1,403)		(1,018)
Total unallocated amounts	39,825		20,665		24,424		4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$	215,030	$	(1,952)	$	343,852	$	(60,851)

The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Total assets1
North America Solutions	$	3,445,085	$	3,406,824
Offshore Gulf of Mexico	82,935		80,993
International Solutions	401,629		330,974
Other	149,441		120,305
	4,079,090		3,939,096
Investments and corporate operations	286,643		416,435
	$	4,365,733	$	4,355,531

(1)Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity.

The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating revenues
United States	$	712,302	$	439,793	$	1,376,475	$	811,282
Argentina	35,490		15,450		69,324		44,601
Bahrain	4,198		4,826		6,467		12,459
United Arab Emirates	2,542		1,524		4,879		1,524
Colombia	13,652		5,622		30,021		5,997
Other foreign	1,038		382		1,693		1,516
Total	$	769,222	$	467,597	$	1,488,859	$	877,379

Refer to Note 8—Revenue from Contracts with Customers for additional information regarding the recognition of revenue.

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SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Subsequent Events [Abstract]

SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

NOTE 14 SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Policies)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Interim Financial Information

Interim Financial Information

The accompanying Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“U.S. GAAP”) and applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”) pertaining to interim financial information. Accordingly, these interim financial statements do not include all information or footnote disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements and, therefore, should be read in conjunction with the Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto in our 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K and other current filings with the SEC. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting of those of a normal recurring nature, necessary to present fairly the results of the periods presented have been included. The results of operations for the interim periods presented may not necessarily be indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Principles of Consolidation

Principles of ConsolidationThe Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of Helmerich & Payne, Inc. and its domestic and foreign subsidiaries. Consolidation of a subsidiary begins when the Company gains control over the subsidiary and ceases when the Company loses control of the subsidiary. Specifically, income, expenses and other comprehensive income or loss of a subsidiary acquired or disposed of during the fiscal year are included in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income from the date the Company gains control until the date when the Company ceases to control the subsidiary. All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated upon consolidation.

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash

Cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, demand deposits with banks and all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less. Our cash, cash equivalents and short-term investments are subject to potential credit risk, and certain of our cash accounts carry balances greater than the federally insured limits.

    We had restricted cash of $53.2 million and $27.2 million at March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $36.9 million and $19.2 million at September 30, 2022 and 2021, respectively. Of the total at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022, $0.6 million and $1.1 million, respectively, is related to the acquisition of drilling technology companies, and $52.6 million and $35.8 million, respectively, represents an amount management has elected to restrict for the purpose of potential insurance claims in our wholly-owned captive insurance companies. The restricted amounts are primarily invested in short-term money market securities.

Recently Issued Accounting Updates

Recently Issued Accounting Updates

Changes to U.S. GAAP are established by the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) in the form of Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC"). We consider the applicability and impact of all ASUs. ASUs not listed below were assessed and determined to be either not applicable, clarifications of ASUs listed below, immaterial, or already adopted by the Company.

The following table provides a brief description of recently adopted accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial  Statements or Other Significant Matters
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own equity (subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts In An Entity’s Own Equity	This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for convertible debt and other equity-linked instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021.	October 1, 2022	We adopted this ASU, as required, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.
ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments in this update clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value (i.e., the entity would not apply a discount related to the contractual sale restriction). Furthermore, an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions will be required: (1) the fair value of the equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet, (2) the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s), and (3) the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s). This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023.	October 1, 2022	We early adopted this ASU during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

Self-Insurance

Self-InsuranceOur wholly-owned insurance captives (the "Captives") incurred direct operating costs consisting primarily of adjustments to accruals for estimated losses of $1.7 million and $1.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $4.7 million and $(0.4) million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, and rig and casualty insurance premiums of $10.9 million and $7.9 million during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 respectively, and $20.9 million and $16.7 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. These operating costs were recorded within drilling services operating expenses in our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations. Intercompany premium revenues recorded by the Captives during the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 amounted to $17.7 million and $13.2 million respectively, and $34.1 million and $26.9 million during the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively, which were eliminated upon consolidation. These intercompany insurance premiums are reflected as segment operating expenses within the North America Solutions, Offshore Gulf of Mexico, and International Solutions reportable operating segments and are reflected as intersegment sales within "Other." The Company self-insures employee health plan exposures in excess of employee deductibles. Starting in the second quarter of fiscal year 2020, the Captive insurer issued a stop-loss program that will reimburse the Company's health plan for claims that exceed $50,000. This program is reviewed at the end of each policy year by an outside actuary. Our medical stop loss operating expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 were $2.5 million and $3.6 million, respectively, and $5.3 million and $6.9 million for the six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively.

International Solutions Drilling Risks

International Solutions Drilling Risks

International Solutions drilling operations may significantly contribute to our revenues and net operating income (loss). There can be no assurance that we will be able to successfully conduct such operations, and a failure to do so may have an adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations, and cash flows. Also, the success of our International Solutions operations will be subject to numerous contingencies, some of which are beyond management’s control. These contingencies include general and regional economic conditions, fluctuations in currency exchange rates, modified exchange controls, changes in international regulatory requirements and international employment issues, risk of expropriation of real and personal property and the burden of complying with foreign laws. Additionally, in the event that extended labor strikes occur or a country experiences significant political, economic or social instability, we could experience shortages in labor and/or material and supplies necessary to operate some of our drilling rigs, thereby potentially causing an adverse material effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We have also experienced certain risks specific to our Argentine operations. In Argentina, while our dayrate is denominated in U.S. dollars, we are paid the equivalent in Argentine pesos. The Argentine branch of one of our second-tier subsidiaries remits U.S. dollars to its U.S. parent by converting the Argentine pesos into U.S. dollars through the Argentine Foreign Exchange Market and repatriating the U.S. dollars. Argentina also has a history of implementing currency controls that restrict the conversion and repatriation of U.S. dollars. In September 2020, Argentina implemented additional currency controls in an effort to preserve Argentina's U.S. dollar reserves. As a result of these currency controls, our ability to remit funds from our Argentine subsidiary to its U.S. parent has been limited. In the past, the Argentine government has also instituted price controls on crude oil, diesel and gasoline prices and instituted an exchange rate freeze in connection with those prices. These price controls and an exchange rate freeze could be instituted again in the future. Further, there are additional concerns regarding Argentina's debt burden, notwithstanding Argentina's restructuring deal with international bondholders in August 2020, as Argentina attempts to manage its substantial sovereign debt issues. These concerns could further negatively impact Argentina's economy and adversely affect our Argentine operations. Argentina’s economy is considered highly inflationary, which is defined as cumulative inflation rates exceeding 100 percent in the most recent three-year period based on inflation data published by the respective governments. Nonetheless, all of our foreign subsidiaries use the U.S. dollar as the functional currency and local currency monetary assets and liabilities are remeasured into U.S. dollars with gains and losses resulting from foreign currency transactions included in current results of operations.

We recorded aggregate foreign currency losses of $0.1 million and $0.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 respectively, and $2.4 million and $3.3 million for the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. In the future, we may incur larger currency devaluations, foreign exchange restrictions or other difficulties repatriating U.S. dollars from Argentina or elsewhere, which could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations. As of March 31, 2023, our cash balance in Argentina was $16.3 million.

Because of the impact of local laws, our future operations in certain areas may be conducted through entities in which local citizens own interests and through entities (including joint ventures) in which we hold only a minority interest or pursuant to arrangements under which we conduct operations under contract to local entities. While we believe that neither operating through such entities nor pursuant to such arrangements would have a material adverse effect on our operations or revenues, there can be no assurance that we will in all cases be able to structure or restructure our operations to conform to local law (or the administration thereof) on terms acceptable to us.

Although we attempt to minimize the potential impact of such risks by operating in more than one geographical area, during the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 7.4 percent and 7.5 percent of our operating revenues were generated from international locations compared to 5.9 percent and 7.5 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. During the three and six months ended March 31, 2023, approximately 86.3 percent and 88.4 percent of operating revenues from international locations were from operations in South America compared to 75.8 percent and 76.6 percent during the three and six months ended March 31, 2022, respectively. Substantially all of the South American operating revenues were from Argentina and Colombia. The future occurrence of one or more international events arising from the types of risks described above could have a material adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Accounting Policies [Abstract]

Schedule of Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

	March 31,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	159,672	$	202,206	$	232,131	$	917,534
Restricted cash	53,231		26,438		36,246		18,350
Restricted cash - long-term:
Other assets, net	—		732		632		832
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	212,903	$	229,376	$	269,009	$	936,716

Schedule of Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash are reflected on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as follows:

	March 31,				September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2022		2021
Cash and cash equivalents	$	159,672	$	202,206	$	232,131	$	917,534
Restricted cash	53,231		26,438		36,246		18,350
Restricted cash - long-term:
Other assets, net	—		732		632		832
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	$	212,903	$	229,376	$	269,009	$	936,716

Schedule of Description of Recent Accounting Pronouncements and Analysis of the Effects on the Financial Statements

The following table provides a brief description of recently adopted accounting pronouncements and our analysis of the effects on our financial statements:

Standard	Description	Date of Adoption	Effect on the Financial  Statements or Other Significant Matters
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements
ASU No. 2020-06, Debt with conversion and other options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging – Contracts in Entity’s own equity (subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts In An Entity’s Own Equity	This ASU reduces the complexity of accounting for convertible debt and other equity-linked instruments by reducing the number of accounting models for convertible debt instruments and convertible preferred stock. Limiting the accounting models results in fewer embedded conversion features being separately recognized from the host contract as compared with current GAAP. Convertible instruments that continue to be subject to separation models are (1) those with embedded conversion features that are not clearly and closely related to the host contract, that meet the definition of a derivative, and that do not qualify for a scope exception from derivative accounting and (2) convertible debt instruments issued with substantial premiums for which the premiums are recorded as paid-in capital. This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2021.	October 1, 2022	We adopted this ASU, as required, during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.
ASU No. 2022-03, Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Fair Value Measurement of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions	The amendments in this update clarify that a contractual restriction on the sale of an equity security is not considered part of the unit of account of the equity security and, therefore, is not considered in measuring fair value (i.e., the entity would not apply a discount related to the contractual sale restriction). Furthermore, an entity cannot, as a separate unit of account, recognize and measure a contractual sale restriction. The following disclosures for equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions will be required: (1) the fair value of the equity securities subject to contractual sale restrictions reflected in the balance sheet, (2) the nature and remaining duration of the restriction(s), and (3) the circumstances that could cause a lapse in the restriction(s). This update is effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2023.	October 1, 2022	We early adopted this ASU during the first quarter of fiscal year 2023. The adoption did not have a material effect on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements and disclosures.

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Property, Plant and Equipment [Abstract]

Schedule of Property, Plant and Equipment

Property, plant and equipment as of March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022 consisted of the following:

(in thousands)	Estimated Useful Lives	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Drilling services equipment	4 - 15 years	$	6,338,257	$	6,369,888
Tubulars	4 years	571,945		569,496
Real estate properties	10 - 45 years	46,293		45,557
Other	2 - 23 years	436,243		422,479
Construction in progress1		99,623		70,119
		7,492,361		7,477,539
Accumulated depreciation		(4,561,060)		(4,516,730)
Property, plant and equipment, net		$	2,931,301	$	2,960,809
Assets held-for-sale		$	1,349	$	4,333

(1)Included in construction in progress are costs for projects in progress to upgrade or refurbish certain rigs in our existing fleet. Additionally, we include other advances for capital maintenance purchase-orders that are open/in process. As these various projects are completed, the costs are then classified to their appropriate useful life category.

Schedule of Assets Held-for-Sale

The following table summarizes the balance (in thousands) of our assets held-for-sale at the dates indicated below:

Balance at September 30, 2022	$	4,333
Plus:
Asset additions	767
Less:
Sale of assets held-for-sale	(1,018)
Impairment expense	(2,733)
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	1,349

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Intangible Assets Arising from Business Acquisitions

Finite-lived intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the period in which these assets contribute to our cash flows and are evaluated for impairment in accordance with our policies for valuation of long-lived assets. All of our intangible assets are within our North America Solutions reportable segment and consist of the following:

		March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net		Gross Carrying Amount		Accumulated Amortization		Net
Finite-lived intangible asset:
Developed technology	15 years	$	89,096	$	31,115	$	57,981	$	89,096	$	28,137	$	60,959
Intellectual property	13 years	2,000		423		1,577		2,000		328		1,672
Trade name	20 years	5,865		1,633		4,232		5,865		1,475		4,390
Customer relationships	5 years	4,000		4,000		—		4,000		3,867		133
		$	100,961	$	37,171	$	63,790	$	100,961	$	33,807	$	67,154

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DEBT (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Debt Disclosure [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Unsecured Long-Term Debt Outstanding

We had the following unsecured long-term debt outstanding with maturities shown in the following table:

	March 31, 2023						September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value		Face Amount		Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost		Book Value
Unsecured senior notes:
Due September 29, 2031	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610
	550,000		(7,266)		542,734		550,000		(7,390)		542,610
Less: long-term debt due within one year	—		—		—		—		—		—
Long-term debt	$	550,000	$	(7,266)	$	542,734	$	550,000	$	(7,390)	$	542,610

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SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]

Schedule of Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Components of accumulated other comprehensive loss were as follows:

	March 31,		September 30,
(in thousands)	2023		2022
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(15,041)	$	(15,703)
	(15,041)		(15,703)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)
	$	(11,560)	$	(12,072)

Schedule of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)

The following is a summary of the changes in accumulated other comprehensive loss, net of tax, related to the defined benefit pension plan for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023:

(in thousands)	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023		Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
Balance at beginning of period	$	(11,816)	$	(12,072)
Activity during the period:
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	256		512
Net current-period other comprehensive income	256		512
Balance at March 31, 2023	$	(11,560)	$	(11,560)

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]

Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities

The following tables summarize the balances of our contract assets (net of allowance for estimated credit losses) and liabilities at the dates indicated:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Contract assets, net	$	7,125	$	6,319

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023
Contract liabilities balance at September 30, 2022	$	20,646
Payment received/accrued and deferred	48,114
Revenue recognized during the period	(34,083)
Contract liabilities balance at March 31, 2023	$	34,677

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Share-Based Payment Arrangement [Abstract]

Schedule of Compensation Cost for Stock-Based Payment Arrangements

A summary of compensation expense for stock-based payment arrangements recognized in Drilling services operating expense, Research and development expense and Selling, general and administrative expense on our Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations, is as follows:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Stock-based compensation expense
Drilling services operating	$	1,532	$	1,282	$	2,917	$	2,522
Research and development	486		393		912		746
Selling, general and administrative	5,413		6,270		11,875		10,895
	$	7,431	$	7,945	$	15,704	$	14,163

Schedule of the Status of Restricted Stock Awards and Changes in Restricted Stock Outstanding

A summary of the status of our restricted stock awards as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested restricted stock outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per share amounts)	Shares1	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at September 30, 2022	1,493	$	30.85
Granted	588	44.53
Vested2	(708)	33.95
Forfeited	(8)	33.93
Non-vested restricted stock outstanding at March 31, 2023	1,365	$	35.12

(1)Restricted stock shares include restricted phantom stock units under our Director Deferred Compensation Plan. These phantom stock units confer the economic benefits of owning company stock without the actual ownership, transfer or issuance of any shares. Phantom stock units are subject to a vesting period of one year from the grant date. During the six months ended March 31, 2023, 12,591 restricted phantom stock units were granted and 14,199 restricted phantom stock units vested.

(2)The number of restricted stock awards vested includes shares that we withheld on behalf of our employees to satisfy the statutory tax withholding requirements.

A summary of the status of our performance-vested restricted share units ("performance units") as of March 31, 2023 and changes in non-vested performance units outstanding during the six months then ended is presented below:

(in thousands, except per unit amounts)	Performance Units	Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Non-vested performance units outstanding at September 30, 2022	726	$	33.67
Granted	144	54.30
Vested	(286)	43.40
Dividend equivalent rights performance units credited and performance factor adjustment1	191	36.10
Non-vested performance units outstanding at March 31, 20232	775	$	34.51

(1)At the end of the Vesting Period, recipients receive dividend equivalents, if any, with respect to the number of vested performance units. The vesting of units ranges from zero to 200 percent of the units granted depending on the Company’s total shareholder return ("TSR") relative to the TSR of the Peer Group on the vesting date.

(2)Of the total non-vested performance units at the end of the period, specified performance criteria has been achieved with respect to 225,308 performance units which is calculated based on the payout percentage for the completed performance period. The vesting and number of the remainder of non-vested performance units reflected at the end of the period is contingent upon our achievement of specified target performance criteria. If we meet the specified maximum performance criteria, approximately 379,152 additional performance units could vest or become eligible to vest.

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EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Earnings Per Share [Abstract]

Schedule of Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share

The following table sets forth the computation of basic and diluted earnings (loss) per share:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	163,901	$	(4,624)	$	260,328	$	(55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
Net income (loss)	164,040		(4,976)		261,185		(56,338)
Adjustment for basic earnings (loss) per share
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders	(2,237)		(396)		(3,511)		(770)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,664		(5,020)		256,817		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	161,803		(5,372)		257,674		(57,108)
Adjustment for diluted earnings (loss) per share
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders	6		—		6		—
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,670		(5,020)		256,823		(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857		(383)
	$	161,809	$	(5,372)	$	257,680	$	(57,108)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share - weighted-average shares	103,968		105,393		104,615		106,494
Effect of dilutive shares from restricted stock and performance share units	395		—		388		—
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share - adjusted weighted-average shares	104,363		105,393		105,003		106,494
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.45	$	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations	—		—		0.01		—
Net income (loss)	$	1.55	$	(0.05)	$	2.46	$	(0.53)

Schedule of Anti-Dilutive Shares Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share

The following potentially dilutive average shares attributable to outstanding equity awards were excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings (loss) per share because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except per share amounts)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive	2,426		2,675		2,516		2,856
Weighted-average price per share	$	62.03	$	60.26	$	61.74	$	59.58

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]

Schedule of Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis

The following tables summarize our financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis and indicate the level in the fair value hierarchy in which we classify the fair value measurement.

	March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	71,984	$	—	$	71,984	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	13,106		13,106		—		—
Total short-term investments	85,090		13,106		71,984		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,578		14,578		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	171,745		171,745		—		—
Equity investment in Tamboran	14,196		14,196		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	2,140		—		—		2,140
Total investments	235,659		200,519		—		35,140
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	5,030	$	—	$	—	$	5,030

	September 30, 2022
(in thousands)	Fair Value		Level 1		Level 2		Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:
Corporate debt securities	$	98,264	$	—	$	98,264	$	—
U.S. government and federal agency securities	18,837		18,837		—		—
Total short-term investments	117,101		18,837		98,264		—
Investments:
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,301		14,301		—		—
Equity investment in ADNOC Drilling	147,370		147,370		—		—
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000		—		—		33,000
Other debt securities	565		—		—		565
Total investments	195,236		161,671		—		33,565
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	$	4,022	$	—	$	—	$	4,022

Schedule of Reconciliation of Long Term Debt Securities Available For Sale, Classified as Level 3

The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 assets for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	33,107	$	3,500	$	33,565	$	500
Purchases	2,033		—		2,075		3,000
Transfers out1	—		—		(500)		—
Assets at end of period	$	35,140	$	3,500	$	35,140	$	3,500

(1)We reclassified a portion of our long-term debt securities to short-term notes receivable and is recorded in accounts receivable on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The following table reconciles changes in the balance of our equity securities, without readily determinable fair values, for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Assets at beginning of period	$	25,800	$	8,881	$	23,745	$	2,865
Purchases	501		5,109		2,556		11,125
Assets at end of period	$	26,301	$	13,990	$	26,301	$	13,990

Schedule of Fair Value, Debt Security Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation

The following table provides quantitative information (in thousands) about our Level 3 unobservable significant inputs related to our debt security investment with Galileo at March 31, 2023:

Fair Value		Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs
$	33,000	Black-Scholes-Merton model	Discount rate	22.4	%
			Risk-free rate	4.0	%
			Equity volatility	92.5	%

Schedule of Reconciliation of Changes in Fair Value of Financial Liabilities Classified as Level 3

The following table reconciles changes in the fair value of our Level 3 liabilities for the periods presented below:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Liabilities at beginning of period	$	3,780	$	3,096	$	4,022	$	2,996
Additions	—		—		500		500
Total gains or losses:
Included in earnings	1,750		(100)		1,758		(250)
Settlements1	(500)		—		(1,250)		(250)
Liabilities at end of period	$	5,030	$	2,996	$	5,030	$	2,996

(1)Settlements represent earnout payments that have been paid or earned during the period.

Schedule of Supplemental Fair Value Information about Long-Term Fixed-Rate Debt

The following information presents the supplemental fair value information for our long-term fixed-rate debt at March 31, 2023 and September 30, 2022:

(in millions)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Long-term debt, net
Carrying value	$	542.7	$	542.6
Fair value	456.4		430.7

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION (Tables)

6 Months Ended

Mar. 31, 2023

Segment Reporting [Abstract]

Schedule of Financial Information of Reportable Segments

Summarized financial information of our reportable segments for the three and six months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is shown in the following tables:

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	675,780	$	34,979	$	55,890	$	2,573	$	—	$	769,222
Intersegment	—		—		—		17,662		(17,662)		—
Total sales	675,780		34,979		55,890		20,235		(17,662)		769,222
Segment operating income	$	182,149	$	6,687	$	3,955	$	6,823	$	(2,267)	$	197,347

	Three Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	408,814	$	29,147	$	27,422	$	2,214	$	—	$	467,597
Intersegment	—		—		—		13,204		(13,204)		—
Total sales	408,814		29,147		27,422		15,418		(13,204)		467,597
Segment operating income (loss)	$	1,297	$	5,278	$	(848)	$	3,167	$	(2,031)	$	6,863

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2023
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	1,302,943	$	70,143	$	110,691	$	5,082	$	—	$	1,488,859
Intersegment	—		—		—		34,064		(34,064)		—
Total sales	1,302,943		70,143		110,691		39,146		(34,064)		1,488,859
Segment operating income	$	327,446	$	13,433	$	5,529	$	11,500	$	43	$	357,951

	Six Months Ended March 31, 2022
(in thousands)	North America Solutions		Offshore Gulf of Mexico		International Solutions		Other		Eliminations		Total
External sales	$	749,848	$	58,461	$	64,581	$	4,489	$	—	$	877,379
Intersegment	—		—		—		26,852		(26,852)		—
Total sales	749,848		58,461		64,581		31,341		(26,852)		877,379
Segment operating income (loss)	$	(27,596)	$	10,744	$	7,201	$	7,096	$	(3,313)	$	(5,868)

Schedule of Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss) to Income from Continuing Operations Before Income Taxes

The following table reconciles segment operating income (loss) per the tables above to income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Segment operating income (loss)	$	197,347	$	6,863	$	357,951	$	(5,868)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	11,574		6,448		27,298		11,702
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	2,519		716		4,898		(313)
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation and corporate restructuring charges	(36,235)		(36,644)		(70,719)		(70,749)
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	175,205		(22,617)		319,428		(65,228)
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055		3,399		9,760		5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)		(4,390)		(8,594)		(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752		22,132		24,661		69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	—		—		—		(60,083)
Other	(743)		(476)		(1,403)		(1,018)
Total unallocated amounts	39,825		20,665		24,424		4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	$	215,030	$	(1,952)	$	343,852	$	(60,851)

Schedule of Total Assets by Reportable Segment

The following table reconciles segment total assets to total assets as reported on the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets:

(in thousands)	March 31, 2023		September 30, 2022
Total assets1
North America Solutions	$	3,445,085	$	3,406,824
Offshore Gulf of Mexico	82,935		80,993
International Solutions	401,629		330,974
Other	149,441		120,305
	4,079,090		3,939,096
Investments and corporate operations	286,643		416,435
	$	4,365,733	$	4,355,531

(1)Assets by segment exclude investments in subsidiaries and intersegment activity.

Schedule of Revenues from External Customers by Country

The following table presents revenues from external customers by country based on the location of service provided:

	Three Months Ended March 31,				Six Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands)	2023		2022		2023		2022
Operating revenues
United States	$	712,302	$	439,793	$	1,376,475	$	811,282
Argentina	35,490		15,450		69,324		44,601
Bahrain	4,198		4,826		6,467		12,459
United Arab Emirates	2,542		1,524		4,879		1,524
Colombia	13,652		5,622		30,021		5,997
Other foreign	1,038		382		1,693		1,516
Total	$	769,222	$	467,597	$	1,488,859	$	877,379

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NATURE OF OPERATIONS (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 location
Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]
Number of international locations	4

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) geographical_area	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2021 USD ($)
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 53,200,000	$ 27,200,000	$ 53,200,000	$ 27,200,000	$ 36,900,000	$ 19,200,000
Additional cash and cash equivalents restricted at the election of management for potential insurance claims	52,600,000		52,600,000		35,800,000
Underwriting expenses	1,700,000	1,800,000	4,700,000	(400,000)
Casualty insurance premiums	10,900,000	7,900,000	20,900,000	16,700,000
Premium revenues and expenses	17,700,000	13,200,000	34,100,000	26,900,000
Stop-loss program, maximum amount of claim		50,000
Stop-loss medical expenses	2,500,000	3,600,000	$ 5,300,000	6,900,000
Cumulative inflation rate before a country is considered highly inflationary			100.00%
Foreign currency losses	$ 100,000	$ 2,400,000	$ 300,000	$ 3,300,000
International Locations | Geographic Concentration Risk | Operating Revenue
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration percentage	7.40%	5.90%	7.50%	7.50%
Minimum
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Number of geographical areas operating | geographical_area			1
Argentina
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Cash	$ 16,300,000		$ 16,300,000
South America | International Locations | Geographic Concentration Risk | Operating Revenue | International Solutions
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Concentration percentage	86.30%	75.80%	88.40%	76.60%
Acquisition of Drilling Technologies Companies
Summary Of Significant Accounting Policies [Line Items]
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 600,000		$ 600,000		$ 1,100,000

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SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND RELATED RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIES - Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021
Restricted Cash and Investments
Cash and cash equivalents	$ 159,672	$ 232,131	$ 202,206	$ 917,534
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	53,200	36,900	27,200	19,200
Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash	212,903	269,009	229,376	936,716
Restricted cash
Restricted Cash and Investments
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	53,231	36,246	26,438	18,350
Other assets, net
Restricted Cash and Investments
Restricted cash and cash equivalents	$ 0	$ 632	$ 732	$ 832

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Summary of Property, Plant and Equipment (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 7,492,361	$ 7,477,539
Accumulated depreciation	(4,561,060)	(4,516,730)
Property, plant and equipment, net	2,931,301	2,960,809
Assets held-for-sale	1,349	4,333
Drilling services equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 6,338,257	6,369,888
Drilling services equipment | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	4 years
Drilling services equipment | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	15 years
Tubulars
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	4 years
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 571,945	569,496
Real estate properties
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 46,293	45,557
Real estate properties | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	10 years
Real estate properties | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	45 years
Other
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 436,243	422,479
Other | Minimum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	2 years
Other | Maximum
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Estimated useful life	23 years
Construction in progress
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, gross	$ 99,623	$ 70,119

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands	1 Months Ended	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 30, 2022 rig	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) rig	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) rig	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) rig	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($) rig	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Depreciation		$ 94,600	$ 101,100	$ 189,500	$ 199,800
Abandonments included in depreciation		1,000	2,500	2,100	3,800
Rigs damaged by fire | rig	1
Abandonment expense				9,200
Property, plant and equipment, net		2,931,301		2,931,301		$ 2,960,809
Asset impairment charges		0	0	12,097	4,363
Assets held-for-sale		1,349		1,349		$ 4,333
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets		2,519	716	4,898	(313)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment		$ (11,574)	$ (6,448)	$ (27,298)	$ (11,702)
International FlexRig
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale | rig		4		4
Property, plant and equipment, net		$ 8,800		$ 8,800
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value		$ 700		700
Asset impairment charges				$ 8,100
International FlexRig | International Solutions
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale | rig			2		2
Property, plant and equipment, net			$ 3,400		$ 3,400
Asset impairment charges					2,500
Assets held-for-sale			$ 900		900
Proceeds from sale of assets					900
Conventional Drilling Rigs
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale | rig		4		4
Assets Previously Held For Sale
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, net		$ 3,000		$ 3,000
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value		300		300
Asset impairment charges				2,700
Additional Equipment
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Property, plant and equipment, net		1,400		1,400
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value		$ 100		100
Asset impairment charges				1,300
Assets Related To Trucking And Casino Running Services | North America Solutions
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Proceeds from sale of assets					6,000
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets					(3,400)
Earnout proceeds from sale				$ 1,200	$ 300
Partial Rig Substructures | North America Solutions
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale | rig			2		2
Property, plant and equipment, net			$ 2,000		$ 2,000
Property, plant, and equipment, salvage value			$ 100		100
Asset impairment charges					$ 1,900
FlexRig4 Asset Group | United Arab Emirates
Property, Plant and Equipment [Line Items]
Number of rigs, held-for -sale | rig			2		2
Property, plant and equipment, net			$ 4,100		$ 4,100
Other (gain) loss on sale of assets			$ 1,200		1,200
Sale of property, plant and equipment, selling costs					$ 2,400

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PROPERTY, PLANT AND EQUIPMENT - Summary of Assets Held-for-Sale (Details) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Change In Assets Held-For-Sale [Roll Forward]
Assets held-for-sale, beginning balance	$ 4,333
Asset additions	767
Sale of assets held-for-sale	(1,018)
Impairment expense	(2,733)
Assets held-for-sale, ending balance	$ 1,349

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($)	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]
Goodwill additions	$ 0		$ 0
Impairments of goodwill	0		0
Goodwill	45,653,000		45,653,000		$ 45,653,000
Amortization	1,600,000	$ 1,800,000	3,400,000	$ 3,600,000
Expected amortization in remainder 2023	3,200,000		3,200,000
Expected amortization in 2024	6,400,000		6,400,000
Expected amortization in 2025	6,400,000		6,400,000
Expected amortization in 2026	6,400,000		6,400,000
Expected amortization in 2027	$ 6,400,000		$ 6,400,000

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GOODWILL AND INTANGIBLE ASSETS - Intangible Assets Arising from Business Acquisitions (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 100,961	$ 100,961
Accumulated Amortization	37,171	33,807
Net	$ 63,790	67,154
Developed technology
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	15 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 89,096	89,096
Accumulated Amortization	31,115	28,137
Net	$ 57,981	60,959
Intellectual property
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	13 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 2,000	2,000
Accumulated Amortization	423	328
Net	$ 1,577	1,672
Trade name
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	20 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 5,865	5,865
Accumulated Amortization	1,633	1,475
Net	$ 4,232	4,390
Customer relationships
Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]
Weighted Average Estimated Useful Lives	5 years
Gross Carrying Amount	$ 4,000	4,000
Accumulated Amortization	4,000	3,867
Net	$ 0	$ 133

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DEBT - Unsecured Long-Term Debt Outstanding (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Long-term debt, gross
Face Amount	$ 550,000	$ 550,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	(7,266)	(7,390)
Book Value	542,734	542,610
Less: long-term debt due within one year
Face Amount	0	0
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	0	0
Current portion of long-term debt, net	0	0
Long-term debt
Face Amount	550,000	550,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	(7,266)	(7,390)
Long-term debt, net	542,734	542,610
Unsecured Senior Notes due September 29, 2031
Long-term debt, gross
Face Amount	550,000	550,000
Unamortized Discount and Debt Issuance Cost	(7,266)	(7,390)
Book Value	$ 542,734	$ 542,610

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DEBT - Narrative (Details)	3 Months Ended
	Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 08, 2022 USD ($) optionForDebtExtension	Mar. 07, 2022 optionForDebtExtension	Oct. 27, 2021	Sep. 29, 2021 USD ($)	Apr. 16, 2021 USD ($)	Nov. 13, 2018 USD ($)
Unsecured Senior Notes due September 29, 2031
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)						2.90%
Face amount of debt						$ 550,000,000
Unsecured Senior Notes due March 19, 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)					4.65%
Make-whole premium and accrued interest	$ 56,400,000
Write-off of unamortized discount and debt issuance costs	$ 3,700,000
2018 Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity								$ 750,000,000
Borrowings outstanding		$ 0
Available borrowing capacity		750,000,000
2018 Credit Facility | Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity								$ 75,000,000
2018 Credit Facility, Due November 2025
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity			$ 680,000,000				$ 680,000,000
Number of debt extensions | optionForDebtExtension			2	1
2018 Credit Facility, Due November 2024
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity		70,000,000
Unsecured Standalone Line of Credit Facility
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Maximum borrowing capacity		95,000,000
Borrowings outstanding		40,000,000
Letter of Credit - Instrument 1 | Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding		2,100,000
Letter of Credit - Instrument 3 | Letters of Credit
Debt Instrument [Line Items]
Letters of credit outstanding		$ 42,100,000

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INCOME TAXES - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]
Income tax expense (benefit)	$ 51,129	$ 2,672	$ 83,524	$ (4,896)
Effective tax rate (as a percent)	23.80%	(136.90%)	24.30%	8.00%
Federal statutory income tax rate (as percent)	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%	21.00%
Equity compensation	$ 200

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SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, $ in Thousands, shares in Millions					3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	May 18, 2023	Mar. 01, 2023	Feb. 14, 2023	Dec. 09, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Jan. 01, 2023	Nov. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee [Line Items]
Number of common shares authorized to be repurchased (in shares)											5.0	4.0
Shares of common stock repurchased (in shares)					2.5		0.6		3.4	3.2
Aggregate cost of repurchased shares					$ 106,700		$ 16,600		$ 145,800	$ 77,000
Excise tax					$ 800				800
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)		$ 0.25	$ 0.235	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25	$ 0.25
Dividends payable					$ 50,409				$ 50,409				$ 26,693
Subsequent Event
Subsidiary or Equity Method Investee [Line Items]
Dividends declared (in dollars per share)	$ 0.235

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SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Components of Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$ (11,560)	$ (12,072)
Unrealized actuarial loss
Pre-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	(15,041)	(15,703)
After-tax amounts:
Unrealized actuarial loss	$ (11,560)	$ (12,072)

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SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY - Summary of Changes in Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022
Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	$ (11,560)				$ (11,560)		$ (12,072)
Rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Beginning balance	2,745,145	$ 2,765,472	$ 2,776,591	$ 2,912,618	2,765,472	$ 2,912,618
Other comprehensive income	256	256	394	394	512	788
Ending balance	2,755,806	2,745,145	2,734,410	2,776,591	2,755,806	2,734,410
Unrealized actuarial loss
Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized actuarial loss	(15,041)				(15,041)		(15,703)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,560)				(11,560)		(12,072)
Rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Beginning balance	(11,816)	(12,072)			(12,072)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss	256				512
Other comprehensive income	256				512
Ending balance	(11,560)	(11,816)			(11,560)
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)
Components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
Unrealized actuarial loss	(15,041)				(15,041)		(15,703)
Accumulated other comprehensive loss	(11,560)				(11,560)		$ (12,072)
Rollforward of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax
Beginning balance	(11,816)	(12,072)	(19,850)	(20,244)	(12,072)	(20,244)
Other comprehensive income	256	256	394	394
Ending balance	$ (11,560)	$ (11,816)	$ (19,456)	$ (19,850)	$ (11,560)	$ (19,456)

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Narrative (Details) $ in Thousands		3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Nov. 12, 2021 USD ($) rig	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2022 USD ($)	Sep. 30, 2022 USD ($)
Revenue From Contract With Customer [Line Items]
Drilling services		$ 766,682	$ 465,370	$ 1,483,852	$ 872,904
Capitalized fulfillment costs		$ 12,600		$ 12,600		$ 6,300
YPF S.A.
Revenue From Contract With Customer [Line Items]
Litigation settlement, amount awarded from other party	$ 11,000
Drilling service contract, number of rigs | rig	3
Revenue recognized	$ 5,400
Drilling services					$ 16,400

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Remaining Performance Obligations (Details) $ in Billions	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($)
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 1.3
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Period of unsatisfied performance obligations represented in backlog contracts with month-to-month terms	1 month
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-04-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.7
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	6 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2023-10-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.5
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	12 months
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-01
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Amount of remaining performance obligation	$ 0.1
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]
Expected timing of satisfaction for remaining performance obligation	12 months

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REVENUE FROM CONTRACTS WITH CUSTOMERS - Schedule of Contract Assets and Liabilities (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]
Contract assets, net	$ 7,125	$ 6,319
Change in contract liabilities balance:
Contract liabilities beginning balance	20,646
Payment received/accrued and deferred	48,114
Revenue recognized during the period	(34,083)
Contract liabilities ending balance	$ 34,677

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Schedule of Compensation Cost for Stock-Based Payment Arrangements (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 7,431	$ 7,945	$ 15,704	$ 14,163
Drilling services operating
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	1,532	1,282	2,917	2,522
Research and development
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	486	393	912	746
Selling, general and administrative
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Stock-based compensation expense	$ 5,413	$ 6,270	$ 11,875	$ 10,895

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Schedule of the Status of Restricted Stock Awards and Changes in Restricted Stock Outstanding (Details) shares in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Restricted Stock
Shares
Outstanding (in shares)	1,493
Granted (in shares)	588
Vested (in shares)	(708)
Forfeited (in shares)	(8)
Outstanding (in shares)	1,365
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Share
Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 30.85
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	44.53
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	33.95
Forfeited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	33.93
Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 35.12
Phantom Share Units (PSUs)
Shares
Granted (in shares)	12,591
Vested (in shares)	(14,199)

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Schedule of the Status of Performance Share Units (Details) - Performance Share Units	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 $ / shares shares
Performance Units
Outstanding (in shares)	726,000
Granted (in shares)	144,000
Vested (in shares)	(286,000)
Dividend rights performance units credited (in shares)	191,000
Outstanding (in shares)	775,000
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 33.67
Granted (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	54.30
Vested (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	43.40
Dividend rights performance units credited (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	36.10
Outstanding (in dollars per share) | $ / shares	$ 34.51
Shares where performance criteria has been achieved (in shares)	225,308
Vested and expected to vest (in shares)	379,152
Minimum
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Vesting of units (in percent)	0.00%
Maximum
Weighted-Average Grant Date Fair Value per Unit
Vesting of units (in percent)	200.00%

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STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION - Narrative (Details)	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023 tranche component
Performance Share Units
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Vesting period	3 years
Number of components included in award units | component	2
First Component of Performance Share Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Performance cycle period of each tranche	3 years
Second Component of Performance Share Unit
Share-based Compensation Arrangement by Share-based Payment Award [Line Items]
Performance cycle period of each tranche	1 year
Number of tranches in component | tranche	3
Period over which awards expire	3 years

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EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE - Computation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - USD ($) $ / shares in Units, shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended				6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Dec. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Numerator:
Income (loss) from continuing operations	$ 163,901		$ (4,624)		$ 260,328	$ (55,955)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations	139		(352)		857	(383)
NET INCOME (LOSS)	164,040	$ 97,145	(4,976)	$ (51,362)	261,185	(56,338)
Adjustment for basic earnings (loss) per share
Earnings allocated to unvested shareholders	(2,237)		(396)		(3,511)	(770)
Numerator for basic earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,664		(5,020)		256,817	(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857	(383)
Net income (loss) attributable to parent, basic	161,803		(5,372)		257,674	(57,108)
Effect of reallocating undistributed earnings of unvested shareholders	6		0		6	0
Numerator for diluted earnings (loss) per share:
From continuing operations	161,670		(5,020)		256,823	(56,725)
From discontinued operations	139		(352)		857	(383)
Net income (loss) attributable to parent, diluted	$ 161,809		$ (5,372)		$ 257,680	$ (57,108)
Denominator:
Denominator for basic earnings (loss) per share - weighted-average shares (in shares)	103,968		105,393		104,615	106,494
Effect of dilutive shares from stock options, restricted stock and performance share units (in shares)	395		0		388	0
Denominator for diluted earnings (loss) per share - adjusted weighted-average shares (in shares)	104,363		105,393		105,003	106,494
Basic earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	$ 1.55		$ (0.05)		$ 2.45	$ (0.53)
Income from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0		0		0.01	0
Net income (loss) (in dollars per share)	1.55		(0.05)		2.46	(0.53)
Diluted earnings (loss) per common share:
Income (loss) from continuing operations (in dollars per share)	1.55		(0.05)		2.45	(0.53)
Income from discontinued operations (in dollars per share)	0		0		0.01	0
Net income (loss) (in dollars per share)	$ 1.55		$ (0.05)		$ 2.46	$ (0.53)

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EARNINGS (LOSSES) PER COMMON SHARE - Anti-Dilutive Shares Excluded from the Calculation of Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - $ / shares shares in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Earnings Per Share [Abstract]
Potentially dilutive shares excluded as anti-dilutive (in shares)	2,426	2,675	2,516	2,856
Weighted-average price per share (in dollars per share)	$ 62.03	$ 60.26	$ 61.74	$ 59.58

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value (Details) - Recurring Fair Value Measurements - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Assets
Short-term investments:	$ 85,090	$ 117,101
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,578	14,301
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000	33,000
Other debt securities	2,140	565
Total investments	235,659	195,236
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	5,030	4,022
ADNOC Drilling
Assets
Equity investment	171,745	147,370
Tamboran Resources Limited
Assets
Equity investment	14,196
Level 1
Assets
Short-term investments:	13,106	18,837
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	14,578	14,301
Debt security investment in Galileo	0
Other debt securities	0	0
Total investments	200,519	161,671
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level 1 | ADNOC Drilling
Assets
Equity investment	171,745	147,370
Debt security investment in Galileo		0
Level 1 | Tamboran Resources Limited
Assets
Equity investment	14,196
Level 2
Assets
Short-term investments:	71,984	98,264
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	0	0
Debt security investment in Galileo	0	0
Other debt securities	0	0
Total investments	0	0
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	0	0
Level 2 | ADNOC Drilling
Assets
Equity investment	0	0
Level 2 | Tamboran Resources Limited
Assets
Equity investment	0
Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:	0	0
Non-qualified supplemental savings plan	0	0
Equity investment		0
Debt security investment in Galileo	33,000	33,000
Other debt securities	2,140	565
Total investments	35,140	33,565
Liabilities
Contingent consideration	5,030	4,022
Level 3 | ADNOC Drilling
Assets
Equity investment	0
Level 3 | Tamboran Resources Limited
Assets
Equity investment	0
Corporate debt securities
Assets
Short-term investments:	71,984	98,264
Corporate debt securities | Level 1
Assets
Short-term investments:	0	0
Corporate debt securities | Level 2
Assets
Short-term investments:	71,984	98,264
Corporate debt securities | Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:	0	0
U.S. government and federal agency securities
Assets
Short-term investments:	13,106	18,837
U.S. government and federal agency securities | Level 1
Assets
Short-term investments:	13,106	18,837
U.S. government and federal agency securities | Level 2
Assets
Short-term investments:	0	0
U.S. government and federal agency securities | Level 3
Assets
Short-term investments:	$ 0	$ 0

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Narrative (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands, shares in Millions	1 Months Ended			3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Oct. 31, 2022	Apr. 30, 2022	Sep. 30, 2021	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Dec. 31, 2022	Sep. 30, 2022	Dec. 31, 2021
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Gain (loss) resulting from the change in the fair value of investments				$ 42,600	$ 16,700	$ 24,400	$ 64,500
Unrealized gain (loss) on investments				(3,000)		100
Revenue included in contract backlog						30,300
Geothermal Investments
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Other debt securities				27,300		27,300			$ 23,700
Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity securities			$ 2,865	26,301	13,990	26,301	13,990	$ 25,800	23,745	$ 8,881
Galileo Technologies | Convertible Debt
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Interest rate (as a percent)		5.00%
ADNOC Drilling
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments			$ 100,000
Investment balance (in shares)			159.7
Investments lockup period (in years)			3 years
ADNOC Drilling | ADNOC Drilling
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Ownership percentage (as a percent)			1.00%
Tamboran Resources Limited
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments	$ 14,100
Investment shares acquired (in shares)	106.0
Tamboran Resources Limited | Tamboran Resources Limited
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Ownership percentage (as a percent)	7.50%
Galileo Technologies
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Payments to acquire investments		$ 33,000
Galileo Technologies | Level 3
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Equity securities			$ 500	$ 35,140	$ 3,500	$ 35,140	$ 3,500	$ 33,107	$ 33,565	$ 3,500

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Reconciliation of Changes in Fair Value of Financial Assets and Liabilities Classified as Level 3 (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial liabilities
Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]			Selling, general and administrative
Level 3
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial assets
Assets at beginning of period	$ 25,800	$ 8,881	$ 23,745	$ 2,865
Purchases	501	5,109	2,556	11,125
Assets at end of period	26,301	13,990	26,301	13,990
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial liabilities
Liabilities at beginning of period	3,780	3,096	4,022	2,996
Additions	0	0	500	500
Total gains or losses included in earnings	1,750	(100)	1,758	(250)
Settlements	(500)	0	(1,250)	(250)
Liabilities at end of period	5,030	2,996	5,030	2,996
Level 3 | Galileo Technologies
Reconciliation of changes in the fair value of our financial assets
Assets at beginning of period	33,107	3,500	33,565	500
Purchases	2,033	0	2,075	3,000
Transfers out	0	0	(500)	0
Assets at end of period	$ 35,140	$ 3,500	$ 35,140	$ 3,500

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Level 3 Unobservable Inputs (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value	$ 33,000	$ 33,000
Level 3
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Discount rate	22.40%
Risk-free rate	4.00%
Equity volatility	92.50%
Level 3 | Recurring Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value, Liabilities Measured on Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation [Line Items]
Fair Value	$ 33,000	$ 33,000

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FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS - Supplemental Fair Value Information about Long-Term Fixed-Rate Debt (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt, net, carrying value	$ 542,734	$ 542,610
Carrying value
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt, net, carrying value	542,700	542,600
Fair value | Level 2
Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]
Long-term debt, net, fair value	$ 456,400	$ 430,700

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COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES - Narrative (Details) $ in Millions	1 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Jun. 30, 2022 USD ($)	Feb. 28, 2022 USD ($)	Mar. 31, 2023 USD ($) lease_extension
Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]
Purchase commitments for equipment, parts and supplies			$ 145.8
Damages sought		$ 126.0
Damages awarded	$ 60.0
Loss contingency accrual			$ 3.0
Initial lease term not yet commenced			12 years
Number of lease extensions | lease_extension			2
Term of extension			5 years
Estimated aggregated future lease payments			$ 15.1

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Summary of Financial Information of Reportable Segments (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	$ 769,222	$ 467,597	$ 1,488,859	$ 877,379
Segment operating income (loss)	175,205	(22,617)	319,428	(65,228)
Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	(17,662)	(13,204)	(34,064)	(26,852)
Segment operating income (loss)	(2,267)	(2,031)	43	(3,313)
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	769,222	467,597	1,488,859	877,379
Segment operating income (loss)	197,347	6,863	357,951	(5,868)
North America Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	675,780	408,814	1,302,943	749,848
North America Solutions | Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
North America Solutions | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	675,780	408,814	1,302,943	749,848
Segment operating income (loss)	182,149	1,297	327,446	(27,596)
Offshore Gulf of Mexico
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	34,979	29,147	70,143	58,461
Offshore Gulf of Mexico | Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
Offshore Gulf of Mexico | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	34,979	29,147	70,143	58,461
Segment operating income (loss)	6,687	5,278	13,433	10,744
International Solutions
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	55,890	27,422	110,691	64,581
International Solutions | Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	0	0	0	0
International Solutions | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	55,890	27,422	110,691	64,581
Segment operating income (loss)	3,955	(848)	5,529	7,201
Other
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	2,573	2,214	5,082	4,489
Other | Intersegment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	(17,662)	(13,204)	(34,064)	(26,852)
Other | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Revenues	20,235	15,418	39,146	31,341
Segment operating income (loss)	$ 6,823	$ 3,167	$ 11,500	$ 7,096

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Reconciliation of Segment Operating Income (Loss) to Income from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	$ 175,205	$ (22,617)	$ 319,428	$ (65,228)
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	11,574	6,448	27,298	11,702
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	2,519	716	4,898	(313)
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation and corporate restructuring charges	52,855	47,051	101,310	90,766
Other income (expense)
Interest and dividend income	5,055	3,399	9,760	5,988
Interest expense	(4,239)	(4,390)	(8,594)	(10,504)
Gain on investment securities	39,752	22,132	24,661	69,994
Loss on extinguishment of debt	0	0	0	(60,083)
Other	(743)	(476)	(1,403)	(1,018)
Total unallocated amounts	39,825	20,665	24,424	4,377
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes	215,030	(1,952)	343,852	(60,851)
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Operating income (loss) from continuing operations	197,347	6,863	357,951	(5,868)
Segment Reconciling Items
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Gain on reimbursement of drilling equipment	11,574	6,448	27,298	11,702
Other gain (loss) on sale of assets	2,519	716	4,898	(313)
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Reconciling Item for Operating Profit (Loss) from Segment to Consolidated [Abstract]
Corporate selling, general and administrative costs, corporate depreciation and corporate restructuring charges	$ (36,235)	$ (36,644)	$ (70,719)	$ (70,749)

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Reconciliation of Segment Assets to Consolidated Assets (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	Mar. 31, 2023	Sep. 30, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	$ 4,365,733	$ 4,355,531
Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	4,079,090	3,939,096
Corporate, Non-Segment
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	286,643	416,435
North America Solutions | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	3,445,085	3,406,824
Offshore Gulf of Mexico | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	82,935	80,993
International Solutions | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	401,629	330,974
Other | Operating Segments
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Assets	$ 149,441	$ 120,305

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BUSINESS SEGMENTS AND GEOGRAPHIC INFORMATION - Revenues from External Customers and Long-Lived Assets by Country (Details) - USD ($) $ in Thousands	3 Months Ended		6 Months Ended
	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022	Mar. 31, 2023	Mar. 31, 2022
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 769,222	$ 467,597	$ 1,488,859	$ 877,379
United States
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	712,302	439,793	1,376,475	811,282
Argentina
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	35,490	15,450	69,324	44,601
Bahrain
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	4,198	4,826	6,467	12,459
United Arab Emirates
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	2,542	1,524	4,879	1,524
Colombia
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	13,652	5,622	30,021	5,997
Other foreign
Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]
Operating revenues	$ 1,038	$ 382	$ 1,693	$ 1,516