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Maui windstorm and wildfires
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Unusual or Infrequent Items, or Both [Abstract]  
Maui windstorm and wildfires Maui windstorm and wildfires
On August 8, 2023, a number of brush fires in the West Maui (Lahaina) and Upcountry Maui areas caused widespread property damage, including damage to property of the Utilities, and 102 confirmed fatalities in Lahaina (the Maui windstorm and wildfires). The Maui windstorm and wildfires were fueled by extreme winds and drought-like conditions in those parts of Maui.
Restoration costs and recoveries. The Utilities are continuing restoration work to rebuild portions of the electric system in Lahaina to ensure safe and reliable power to all West Maui customers. Restoration efforts include the rebuilding of transmission and distribution lines along former routes in the Lahaina area with the installation of new interim steel poles and electrical equipment. To date, power has been restored to all customers that were able to have power restored in Lahaina and the rest of West Maui.
On December 27, 2023, the Public Utilities Commission of the State of Hawaii (PUC) issued an order authorizing deferred accounting treatment for the Utilities’ incremental non-labor expenses related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The deferred accounting treatment applies to certain non-labor expenses incurred from August 8, 2023 through December 31, 2024 that are not already a part of the base rates. The approval pertains only to deferred cost treatment; any cost recovery of deferred costs will be the subject of a separate application(s). As of September 30, 2024, the Utilities have deferred $38.8 million of certain incremental costs related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires to a regulatory asset.
The Utilities are actively seeking recovery of damage to covered electrical infrastructure under their property insurance programs. The Utilities have submitted claims, received and recorded the insurance recoveries of $0.7 million in October 2024; however, the timing and amount of any future insurance recoveries remain indeterminable at this time and as such, an insurance
receivable has not been recorded as of the date of this filing. The Company’s property insurance has a total policy limit of $500 million with a $1 million retention for damages related to Utility-owned non-generating assets, including overhead transmission and distribution assets within 1,000 feet of such assets. The Utilities believe capital expenditures related to restoration that are not covered by insurance will be managed under their current regulatory mechanisms, the recovery of which would be subject to PUC approval.
ASB’s Lahaina branch, including most of its contents and automated teller machine, was destroyed in the fire. The Bank leased the property of its Lahaina location.
Third-party claims and other proceedings.
Tort-related legal claims. As of November 4, 2024, HEI and the Utilities have each been named in approximately 750 lawsuits related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires. These civil and class action lawsuits are pending in the Maui Circuit Court against HEI, the Utilities, and other defendants, including the County of Maui, the State of Hawaii and related state entities, private landowners and developers, and telecommunications companies (collectively, tort-related legal claims). One class action is also pending in federal court. Most of these lawsuits allege that the defendants were responsible for, and/or negligent in failing to prevent or respond to the wildfires that led to the property destruction and loss of life. Other claims include, among other things, personal injury, wrongful death, emotional distress and inverse condemnation. One lawsuit asserting similar theories and claims was filed by the County of Maui against HEI and the Utilities, one lawsuit was filed by Spectrum Oceanic, LLC against HEI and the Utilities and other defendants, and other lawsuits were filed by approximately 160 subrogation insurers against HEI, the Utilities, a private landowner, and telecommunications companies. Additional lawsuits may be filed against the Company and other defendants in the future. The plaintiffs seek to recover damages and other costs, including punitive damages. Defendants have asserted cross-claims against one another for indemnification, contribution, and subrogation.
The County of Maui Origin and Cause Report, released on October 2, 2024, attaching the investigative report by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives, estimated the total economic damage of approximately $6 billion. That estimate has not been validated by the Company, and it represents a gross number that does not take into account causation or liability and does not attempt to allocate responsibility among the various defendants. As such, the estimate is not intended to provide a reasonably possible loss in excess of the recorded amount under ASC Topic 450-20, “Loss Contingencies” attributable to the Company arising from the Maui windstorm and wildfires.
On November 8, 2023, Hawaii Governor Josh Green announced the One ‘Ohana Initiative (the One ‘Ohana Initiative) as a collective path forward to recovery from the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The One ‘Ohana Initiative is a new humanitarian aid fund of $175 million, with the objective to compensate, in an expedited manner, those who have lost loved ones and those who have suffered severe injuries in the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The One ‘Ohana Initiative provides an alternative to a lengthy and expensive legal process. Beneficiaries who have lost loved ones are anticipated to receive payments of $1.5 million per decedent, and those who suffered severe injuries are expected to share in a specially allocated pool of compensation. In exchange for receiving such a payment, beneficiaries will be required to waive their ability to pursue legal claims for wrongful death and severe injuries, except if they seek compensation through the litigation settlement. Hawaiian Electric fully supports this humanitarian initiative and has contributed $75 million. The Governor announced that other parties, including the State of Hawaii, the County of Maui, and Kamehameha Schools have all agreed to contribute to the fund. Hawaiian Electric’s contribution to the Initiative was less than half of the total, and Hawaiian Electric's insurance carriers funded its share of the contributions to the fund. Hawaiian Electric’s contribution is reflective of its commitment to join with community partners to provide solutions to promote Maui’s recovery. Hawaiian Electric’s commitment to contribute to the One ‘Ohana Initiative is not an admission of guilt or reflection of fault or liability related to the wildfires. Under the One ‘Ohana Initiative, all claimants (except families of missing persons) were required to submit a completed registration form and registrants who meet the Fund’s eligibility requirements then were required to complete and submit a claim form. As of the claim-submission deadline of July 15, 2024, 35 claim forms were received that relate to death claims and 12 claim forms were received that relate to physical injury claims. The One ‘Ohana Initiative will retain its separate existence and claimants eligible will be required to apply to the One ‘Ohana Initiative before obtaining benefits from the litigation settlement.
Effective November 1, 2024, HEI and Hawaiian Electric entered into two definitive settlement agreements (collectively, the Settlement Agreements) to settle the tort-related legal claims in the litigation arising out of the Maui windstorm and wildfires (expressly excluding securities and derivative actions) on a global basis without any admission of liability. Under the Settlement Agreements, subject to certain conditions (including those described below), HEI and Hawaiian Electric, along with other defendants (the State of Hawaii, the County of Maui, Kamehameha Schools, entities affiliated with the West Maui Land Co., Hawaiian Telcom, and Spectrum/Charter Communications) have agreed to settle the claims of those who filed lawsuits in state and federal courts, or who may have claims but have not yet filed lawsuits, in connection with the Maui windstorm and wildfires. One Settlement Agreement is between the defendants, class counsel, and class plaintiffs (the Class Settlement
Agreement), and the other is between the defendants and over 30 lawyers representing numerous individual plaintiffs who have brought their own lawsuits (the Individual Settlement Agreement). The Settlement Agreements do not resolve claims with insurers who have asserted or could assert subrogation claims in separate lawsuits and such insurers are not parties to the Settlement Agreements, but resolving such claims in the manner set forth in the Settlement Agreements (described below) is a condition that must be satisfied before any payment is due from the defendants. Both Settlement Agreements remain subject to court approval and other conditions, including those set out below.
Under the Settlement Agreements, HEI and Hawaiian Electric are obligated to contribute a total of $1.99 billion (out of a total defendant contribution of approximately $4.04 billion), which includes $75 million previously contributed for the One ‘Ohana Initiative, which is to be divided between two settlement funds, one for the benefit of individual plaintiffs, and the other for the benefit of the class plaintiffs. HEI and Hawaiian Electric must pay such amounts in four equal annual installments of $479 million, with the first installment expected to be made in late 2025. HEI and Hawaiian Electric have the option to accelerate the payments, in whole or in part, with such accelerated payments to be discounted at a rate of 5.5% per annum. HEI has agreed to transfer the amount of the first payment, $479 million, into a new subsidiary, which is restricted from disbursing such funds except in connection with the initial payments to the settlement funds. Additionally, under the Settlement Agreements, HEI and Hawaiian Electric are obligated to contribute a share to the settlement administration fees only if certain other sources are exhausted when those fees are due, for which, $3.5 million was accrued as of September 30, 2024 based on the best estimate at this time.
The Settlement Agreements are intended to resolve all of the tort-related legal claims related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The Class Settlement Agreement provides releases by plaintiffs to the defendants, and among defendants, for acts and omissions relating to the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The Individual Settlement Agreement provides that individual plaintiffs who elect to accept the settlement will sign releases. The releases in the Settlement Agreements, including those among defendants (subject to certain conditions), are effective on the initial payment due date. The Settlement Agreements also provide that $500 million of the total settlement payments will be reserved and made available to defendants to defray the cost to resolve any claims brought by nonparticipating plaintiffs. Defendants have the right to terminate the Settlement Agreements under certain circumstances, including if more than specified thresholds of plaintiffs choose not to participate in the settlement.
The Settlement Agreements contain multiple conditions that must be met before any payment from HEI and Hawaiian Electric to the settlement funds are due. Those conditions include, among others, resolving claims of the insurers (either through agreement or a final court order stating that the insurers cannot maintain independent lawsuits against the defendants), legislation appropriating money from the state, and court approval of the Settlement Agreements.
The Settlement Agreements do not resolve claims with insurers who have asserted subrogation claims in separate lawsuits, and such insurers are not parties to the Settlement Agreements. However, the Settlement Agreements provide that all subrogation claims by insurers that have been or could be brought against defendants arising out of the Maui windstorm and wildfires must be resolved in order for HEI and Hawaiian Electric’s payment obligation to arise. The Settlement Agreements include a condition to the defendants’ obligations providing that by May 19, 2025, either (a) insurers that have brought claims arising out of the Maui windstorm and wildfires enter into a written agreement that provides for releases of all claims against the defendants, or (b) that there is a final and unappealable court order providing that if the final definitive agreement between the plaintiffs and the defendants becomes effective, then those same insurers’ exclusive remedy for any claims against the defendants would be limited to asserting liens against the settlement amounts obtained by the individual plaintiffs. The Supreme Court of Hawaii is currently considering three reserved questions regarding the scope of Hawaii subrogation law that may resolve the condition described in this paragraph in the manner described in (b) above. The parties’ briefing on these questions is expected to conclude in December 2024. No date for oral argument has been set.
In the third quarter of 2024, HEI and Hawaiian Electric evaluated various financing plans to pay the proposed settlement in a lump sum and determined that paying in four equal annual installments is the most viable option as of September 30, 2024 and aligns with the Companies’ expectations of how the settlement amount will be paid. Therefore, the Utilities revised their total settlement accrual to $1.92 billion, classifying the first $479 million installment as a current liability based on expected timing of the payment and the remaining $1.44 billion as a non-current liability on the Utilities’ Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024. The Settlement Agreements contain no admission of any liability by HEI or the Utilities and reflects the collective efforts of the State, HEI and the Utilities, and other defendants to seek a comprehensive resolution of the litigation arising out of the Maui windstorm and wildfires. The Utilities have recorded an additional $40 million in other accounts receivable, net on the Utilities’ Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet as of September 30, 2024, based on the amounts expected to be remaining under the applicate insurance policies at time of settlement payment.
As part of the agreement in principle preceding the Settlement Agreements, the parties agreed to vacate all trial dates and stay the litigation, except for (i) litigation activities between the plaintiffs (individual and class) and the subrogation insurers and (ii) actions taken to further settlement. On August 2, 2024, the Maui Circuit Court overseeing the Special Proceeding, in
which most of the actions have been coordinated, vacated the trial dates that previously had been set. Accordingly, no trial dates are currently set in any action. No stay of litigation has been agreed to in the subrogation actions, but no trial dates have been set in those actions. On October 21, 2024, the three subrogation actions that had been pending in the Oahu Circuit Court were transferred to the Maui Circuit Court.
The Company intends to vigorously defend itself in the litigation if a definitive settlement is ultimately not achieved. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of the litigation or that insurance will be available or adequate to fund any potential settlements, judgments, or costs associated with the litigation. If additional liabilities were to be incurred, the loss could be material to the Company’s results of operations, financial position and cash flows and could result in violations of the financial covenants in the Company’s debt agreements. If any such losses were to be sufficiently high, the Company may not have liquidity or the ability to access liquidity at levels necessary to satisfy such losses. However, any possible loss in excess of the amount recorded cannot reasonably be estimated at this time.
Securities class action and shareholder lawsuits. On August 24, 2023, a putative securities class action captioned Bhangal v. Hawaiian Electric Industries, Inc., et al., No.: 3:23-cv-04332-JSC (the Securities Action) was filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California. The lawsuit alleges violations of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder against HEI and certain of its current and former officers (collectively, Defendants), and Section 20(a) of the Exchange Act against certain of HEI’s current and former officers. Plaintiff broadly alleges that Defendants made materially false and misleading statements or omissions regarding HEI’s wildfire prevention and safety protocols and related matters. Plaintiff seeks unspecified monetary damages. On December 7, 2023, the court appointed Daniel Warren as lead plaintiff and Pomerantz LLP as lead plaintiff’s counsel. On March 8, 2024, the lead plaintiff filed an amended complaint. On October 15, 2024, the court granted defendants’ motion to dismiss the amended complaint, with leave to amend. The court set November 12, 2024 as the deadline for the lead plaintiff to file an amended complaint. The Company anticipates filing a motion to dismiss any further amended complaint and intends to vigorously defend against this action. The parties have agreed to mediate this case and are in the process of engaging a private mediator and scheduling a mediation session. There is no assurance that the Company will be successful in the defense of the litigation or that insurance will be available or adequate to fund any potential settlement or judgment or the litigation costs of the action. The Company does not believe that a loss is probable and any possible loss or range of loss is not reasonably estimable.
On September 11, 2023, a putative shareholder derivative action captioned Rice v. Connors, et al., No. 1CCV-23-0001181 was filed in the Circuit Court of the First Circuit, State of Hawaii. On December 6, 2023, the case was removed to the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii and captioned Rice v. Connors, et al., No. 1:23-cv-00577-JAO-BMK. On March 14, 2024, the United States District Court remanded the case to the Circuit Court of the First Circuit, State of Hawaii. This action is purportedly brought by a shareholder on behalf of nominal defendants HEI and Hawaiian Electric against certain current and former officers and directors of HEI and Hawaiian Electric. Plaintiff asserts Hawaii state law breach of fiduciary duty, abuse of control, corporate waste, unjust enrichment, and aiding and abetting breach of fiduciary duty claims allegedly arising in connection with the Maui windstorm and wildfires that occurred in August 2023 and certain of the Company’s prior public disclosures. Plaintiff seeks, on behalf of HEI and Hawaiian Electric, compensatory and punitive damages, restitution, disgorgement, and equitable relief in the form of changes to corporate governance, policies and culture. HEI has moved to stay the proceeding pending resolution of the tort-related legal claims and the Securities Action. While the Company has obligations to indemnify and/or advance the defendants’ legal fees and costs in connection with this lawsuit, any monetary recovery in the derivative litigation should accrue to the Company. The parties have agreed to mediate this case and are in the process of engaging a private mediator and scheduling a mediation session. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome and is unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of loss, if any, that could result from any unfavorable outcome.
Three putative shareholder derivative actions were filed in the United States District Court for the Northern District of California between December 26, 2023 and February 8, 2024, including:
Kallaus v. Johns, et al., No. 3:23-cv-06627 (the Kallaus Action), Cole v. Johns, et al., No. 3:24-cv-00598 (the Cole Action), and Tai v. Seu, et al., No. 3:24-cv-01198 (the Tai Action). On March 19, 2024, upon stipulation by the parties, the court consolidated the Kallaus Action, the Cole Action, and the Tai Action under the caption In Re Hawaiian Electric Industries, Inc. and Hawaiian Electric Company, Inc. Derivative Litigation, No. 3:23-cv-06627 (the Consolidated Derivative Actions). On June 19, 2024, Plaintiffs filed a consolidated amended complaint. The Consolidated Derivative Actions are purportedly brought by shareholders of HEI on behalf of nominal defendants HEI and Hawaiian Electric against certain current and former officers and directors of HEI and Hawaiian Electric. Plaintiffs purport to assert both Hawaii state law and federal securities law claims. Plaintiffs assert state law breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, unjust enrichment, gross mismanagement, and abuse of control claims purportedly arising in connection with the Maui windstorm and wildfires that occurred in August 2023 and certain public disclosures. Plaintiffs also assert claims under Section 10(b) of the Exchange Act, and Rule 10b-5 promulgated thereunder, and generally allege that the Company and certain of its current and former officers made materially false and misleading statements or omissions regarding the Company’s wildfire prevention and safety protocols and related matters. Plaintiffs seek, on behalf of HEI and Hawaiian Electric, unspecified monetary and punitive damages, disgorgement, and other
relief. HEI moved to stay the Consolidated Derivative Actions pending resolution of the tort-related legal claims and the Securities Action, and also moved to dismiss the consolidated amended complaint for failing to adequately allege that the Board’s refusal of the plaintiffs’ demands was wrongful. While the Company has certain obligations to indemnify and/or advance the defendants’ legal fees and costs in connection with this lawsuit, any monetary recovery in the Consolidated Derivative Actions should accrue to the Company. The parties have agreed to mediate this case and are in the process of engaging a private mediator and scheduling a mediation session. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome and is unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of loss, if any, that could result from any unfavorable outcome.
Two putative shareholder derivative actions were filed in the United States District Court for the District of Hawaii between April 8, 2024 and June 8, 2024, including:
Assad v. Seu, et al., No. 1:24-cv-00164 (the Assad Action), and Faris v. Seu, et al., No. 1:24-cv-00247 (the Faris Action). On July 3, 2024, upon stipulation by the parties, the court consolidated the Assad Action and Faris Action under the caption In Re Hawaiian Electric Industries, Inc., Stockholder Derivative Litigation, No. 1:24-cv-00164 (the Hawaii Federal Derivative Actions). Both actions are purportedly brought by shareholders on behalf of nominal defendant HEI and against certain current and former officers and directors of HEI and Hawaiian Electric. Plaintiffs purport to assert Hawaii state law claims for breach of fiduciary duty, corporate waste, and unjust enrichment allegedly arising in connection with the Maui windstorm and wildfires that occurred in August 2023 and certain public disclosures. Plaintiffs generally allege that the Company and certain of its current and former officers made materially false and misleading statements or omissions regarding the Company’s wildfire prevention and safety protocols and related matters. Plaintiffs seek, on behalf of HEI, compensatory damages, restitution, disgorgement, injunctive relief, and equitable relief, including in the form of changes to HEI’s corporate governance policies and procedures. On July 30, 2024, upon HEI’s motion, the court stayed the Hawaii Federal Derivative Actions pending resolution of the motion to dismiss the Securities Action and the motions to stay and dismiss the Consolidated Derivative Actions. While the Company has obligations to indemnify and/or advance the defendants’ legal fees and costs in connection with this lawsuit, any monetary recovery in the derivative litigation should accrue to the Company. The parties have agreed to mediate this case and are in the process of engaging a private mediator and scheduling a mediation session. The Company is unable to predict the ultimate outcome and is unable to make a reasonable estimate of the amount or range of loss, if any, that could result from any unfavorable outcome.
Maui windstorm and wildfires costs. Legal costs in connection with the litigation and loss contingencies are expensed as incurred. The Company has $165 million of excess liability insurance and $25 million of miscellaneous professional liability insurance for third party claims, including claims related to wildfires, with a retention of $0.3 million and $1.0 million, respectively, and $145 million directors and officers liability insurance to cover claims related to the shareholder and derivative lawsuits, with a retention of $1.0 million. As of September 30, 2024, the Company’s and Utilities’ insurance receivable totaled $74 million and $69 million, respectively, under the policies. As of September 30, 2024, HEI and its subsidiaries have approximately $16 million, nil and $130 million of insurance coverage remaining under the excess liability, miscellaneous professional liability and directors and officers liability policies, respectively.
See table below for the incremental expenses related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires.
Three months ended September 30, 2024Nine months ended September 30, 2024
(in thousands)
Electric utility
HEI Consolidated
Electric utility
HEI Consolidated
Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses:
Legal expenses$11,821 $17,963 $40,169 $57,990 
Wildfire tort-related claims
203,000 203,000 1,915,000 1,915,000 
Other expense
13,429 15,433 36,523 41,819 
Total Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses228,250 236,396 1,991,692 2,014,809 
Insurance recoveries
(49,625)(52,158)(75,973)(83,610)
Deferral treatment approved by the PUC1
(8,589)(8,589)(24,143)(24,143)
Total Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses, net of insurance recoveries and approved deferral treatment$170,036 $175,649 $1,891,576 $1,907,056 
Three and nine months ended September 30, 2023Year ended December 31, 2023
(in thousands)
Electric utility
HEI Consolidated
Electric utilityHEI Consolidated
Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses:
Legal expenses$6,251 $10,751 $24,737 $34,876 
Wildfire tort-related claims
75,000 75,000 75,000 75,000 
Other expense
7,691 16,831 15,071 28,507 
Total Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses88,942 102,582 114,808 138,383 
Insurance recoveries
(75,000)(75,000)(98,613)(104,580)
Deferral treatment approved by the PUC1
— — (14,692)(14,692)
Total Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses, net of insurance recoveries and approved deferral treatment$13,942 $27,582 $1,503 $19,111 
1    Related to the PUC’s order, received on December 27, 2023, approving deferred accounting treatment for the Utilities’ incremental non-labor expenses related to the August 2023 Maui windstorm and wildfires. Amounts were reclassified to a regulatory asset.
On May 4, 2024, HEI and the Utilities reached an agreement to settle indemnification claims asserted by the State of Hawaii without any admission of fault or responsibility. Under the terms of the agreement, HEI and the Utilities agreed to contribute up to $18.4 million through the end of 2024 related to the costs of the professional advisors engaged by the State of Hawaii to advise on a variety of matters related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires. Under certain circumstances, HEI and the Utilities have the unilateral right to terminate the agreement and stop paying the costs for future periods. As of September 30, 2024, a total of $14.5 million of such costs were accrued and reflected in Maui windstorm and wildfires related expenses-Other expense in the table above. HEI and the Utilities are seeking insurance recoveries for such costs; however, the timing and amount of any insurance recoveries are not determinable at this time.
In addition, the Utilities incurred $1.2 million and $8.9 million of total capital costs related to the Maui windstorm and wildfires for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024, respectively.