Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies (Policies)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2023

Talcott Resolution Life Insurance Company, together with its subsidiaries, (collectively, "TL," the "Company," "we" or "our") is a life insurance and annuity company and comprehensive risk solutions-provider in the United States ("U.S.") and is a wholly-owned subsidiary of TR Re, Ltd. ("TR Re"), a Bermuda based entity. Talcott Resolution Life, Inc. ("TLI"), a Delaware corporation and Talcott Holdings, L.P. ("THLP") are indirect parents of the Company and the Company has an ultimate parent of Talcott Financial Group, Ltd. ("TFG" or "Talcott Financial Group").

The financial statements have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the U.S. (“U.S. GAAP”), which differ materially from the accounting practices prescribed by various insurance regulatory authorities. Certain reclassifications were made to prior year balances for the presentation of unearned premiums and deferred gains on reinsurance to be consistent with current year presentation.

Description of Business

As of December 31, 2023, the Company managed approximately 446 thousand annuity contracts with an account value of approximately $38 billion, gross of reinsurance, and private placement life insurance with an account value of approximately $41.7 billion. Upon the Company's acquisition by Sixth Street, the Company's strategy changed to be one of a life insurance aggregator through reinsurance. Since the Sixth Street acquisition, the Company has participated in multiple assumed reinsurance transactions that have positioned the Company, as part of the Talcott Financial Group, as a leading participant in this area of the life insurance marketplace. As part of the Company's growth strategy, the Company assumes life insurance blocks of business, providing external insurers with solutions to create capital flexibility and risk management efficiencies. Since the Sixth Street Acquisition and as of December 31, 2023, the Company has assumed fixed indexed annuities ("FIA") of $7.3 billion and variable annuities ("VA") of $6.4 billion.

Consolidation

The financial statements include the accounts of the Company and entities the Company directly or indirectly has a controlling financial interest in which the Company is required to consolidate. All intercompany transactions and balances between the Company and its subsidiaries have been eliminated. Entities in which the Company has significant influence over the operating and financing decisions but is not required to consolidate are reported using the equity method.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with US GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions affecting the reported amount of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses for the reporting period. In applying these estimates and assumptions, management makes subjective and complex judgments that are uncertain and subject to change. Many of these policies, estimates, and related judgments are common in the insurance and financial services industries; others are specific to the Company’s business and operations. Actual results could differ from these estimates.

Our principal estimates and assumptions impact the following reported amounts and disclosures:

•Fair value of investments;

•Impairment of investments and allowance for credit losses (“ACL”);

•Derivatives valuation, including embedded derivatives;

•Market risk benefits (“MRB”);

•Reserve for future policy benefits;

•Valuation allowances on deferred tax assets (“DTA”);

•Evaluation of goodwill for impairment.

Certain of these estimates are particularly sensitive to market conditions, and deterioration and/or volatility in the worldwide debt or equity markets could have a material impact on the annual financial statements. Additional details regarding these estimates and assumptions are discussed in the following significant accounting policies and the related footnote disclosures.

Segment Information

The Company has one reportable segment and its principal products and services are comprised of variable, fixed and payout annuities, FIAs, and private-placement life insurance. The Company's determination that it has one reportable segment is based on the fact that the Company's chief operating decision maker reviews the Company's financial performance at an aggregate level.

Investments

Fixed Maturities

Fixed maturities consist of debt securities including bonds, structured securities, redeemable preferred stock and commercial paper. Structured securities include asset-backed securities (“ABS”), collateralized loan obligations (“CLO”), commercial mortgage-backed securities (“CMBS”), and residential mortgage-backed securities (“RMBS”). Most of these investments are classified as available-for-sale (“AFS”) and are carried at fair value, net of ACL. Unrealized gains and losses (i.e., after-tax difference between fair value and cost or amortized cost) not attributable to ACL are reflected in equity as a component of accumulated other comprehensive loss ("AOCI").

Equity Securities

Equity securities are carried at fair value with any changes in fair value recorded in investment and derivative related losses, net in the statement of operations.

Mortgage Loans

Mortgage loans are carried at the outstanding principal balance adjusted for amortization of premiums and accretion of discounts, net of ACL. Interest income is accrued on the principal balance of the loan based on the loan’s contractual interest rate.

Policy Loans

Policy loans are carried at outstanding principal balance, which approximates fair value. Interest income is recognized as earned using the contractual interest rate. Generally, accrued interest is capitalized on the policy’s anniversary date. Valuation allowances are not established for policy loans, as they are fully collateralized by the cash surrender value of the underlying insurance policies. Any unpaid principal and accrued interest are deducted from the cash surrender value or the death benefit prior to settlement of the insurance policy.

Investment Funds

Investment funds principally represent LPs and other similar legal entity structures accounted for under the equity method. Under the equity method, investments are generally carried based on the Company’s pro rata ownership percentage in the net assets of the investee, and the Company’s share of earnings is included in net investment income.

Recognition of income related to investment funds is often delayed due to the availability of the related financial information, which may be reported on a lag of up to three months. Accordingly, income for the years ended December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the period of July 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021 (Successor Company) and the period of January 1, 2021 to June 30, 2021 (Predecessor Company) may not include the full impact of current year changes in valuations of the underlying assets and liabilities of the funds for that same calendar year, which are generally obtained from the entity’s managers, general partners, or managing members.

Other Investments

Other investments consist of derivative instruments carried at fair value and real estate held directly, which is recorded at amortized cost.

Cash and Cash Equivalents

Cash is carried at cost and includes cash on hand, demand deposits with banks or other financial institutions, money market funds, and all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with an original maturity of three months or less.

Short-Term Investments

Short-term investments include financial instruments with remaining maturities less than twelve months when purchased. Short-term investments include financial instruments that would otherwise qualify as cash equivalents but are acquired with the primary objective of earning investment income, and make up $714 and $1,272 of the carrying amount as of December 31, 2023 and 2022, respectively. Short-term loans and short-term investments that would otherwise qualify as cash equivalents are carried at fair value, where amortized cost approximates fair value. Short-term debt securities are generally classified as AFS and accounted for consistent with our policies for fixed maturities described above.

Funds Withheld Liability

The Company records a funds withheld liability under ceded coinsurance with funds withheld or modified coinsurance arrangements, which represents the fair value of segregated invested assets. The funds withheld liability is comprised of a host contract and an embedded derivative. The funds withheld liability is measured as the total of the host contract, which the Company has assessed as the book value of assets, and the embedded derivative, which the Company has assessed as the net unrealized gains (losses) on the underlying assets as the Company is obligated to pay the total return on the underlying investments. The Company records the total return of the funds withheld within net income (inclusive of the return on both the host contract and the embedded derivative). The Company allocates the total return between net investment income, measured as a risk-free rate on the host contract, and net investment and derivative related losses, net, measured as the difference between the total return and host accretion.

Fair Value Option ("FVO")

The Company has elected the fair value option (“FVO”) for certain corporate bonds included in fixed maturities, and investment funds. Where elected, changes in fair value of investments are recorded as investment and derivative related losses, net.

Impairment of Investments and the Allowance for Credit Losses

We review our fixed maturities for declines in fair value that could be impairment related, or attributable to credit risk factors that may require an ACL. If we intend to sell a debt security where amortized cost exceeds fair value, or we determine it is more likely than not that we will be required to sell a debt security before recovery of amortized cost, we determine an impairment has occurred and amortized cost is written down to fair value with a corresponding charge recorded as a component of investment and derivative related losses, net.

If amortized cost exceeds fair value, but we do not intend to sell a security and we determine it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell before recovery of amortized cost, we evaluate the security for indicators of a credit loss that may require an ACL. We evaluate a number of factors to determine whether a decline in fair value is attributable to a credit loss, including but not limited to: market interest rates and issuer credit ratings and outlooks. The significance of the decline in fair value is a factor in our analysis, but is generally not determinative in whether we record a credit loss, as other factors are often more relevant in our evaluation of a security. If we determine a credit loss has occurred, we record as an ACL with a corresponding charge recorded as component of investment and derivative related losses, net. The remaining change in fair value is recorded in equity as a component of AOCI.

We also evaluate other financial instruments for credit losses, such as mortgage loans, reinsurance recoverables, and off-balance sheet credit exposures that the Company cannot unconditionally cancel. The measurement of the expected credit loss is based on historical loss data, current conditions, and reasonable and supportable forecasts and recorded as an ACL, consistent with treatment for fixed maturity debt securities.

Subsequent recoveries of credit losses are recognized as reversals of the ACL with a corresponding reversal recorded as a component of investment and derivative related losses, net. Additionally, for any purchased financial assets with a more-than-insignificant amount of credit deterioration since original issuance, we establish an ACL at acquisition, which is recorded with the purchase price to establish the initial amortized cost of the investment.

Net Investment Income

The components of net investment income include:

•Interest income from AFS debt securities and mortgage loans, which is recognized when earned on the constant effective yield method based on estimated timing of cash flows. The amortization of premium and accretion of discount for fixed maturities also takes into consideration call and maturity dates that produce the lowest yield. For securitized financial assets subject to prepayment risk, yields are recalculated and adjusted periodically to reflect historical and/or estimated future prepayments;

•Prepayment fees and make-whole payments on AFS debt securities and mortgage loans, which are recognized when earned;

•Dividends for equity securities, which are recognized on the ex-dividend date;

•Share of earnings for the Company's interests in investment funds, which is recognized when reported in the investee’s financial statements;

•A portion of the change in funds withheld, measured as the risk-free return on the host contract;

•A reduction for investment expenses.

Investment and Derivative Related Losses, Net

The components of investment and derivative related losses, net include:

•Realized gains and losses on the sale of investments, determined on a specific identification basis;

•Fair value changes in equity securities;

•Fair value changes in derivative contracts (both freestanding and embedded, including the embedded derivative within the funds withheld) that do not qualify, or are not designated, as a hedge for accounting purposes;

•Fair value changes for investments where the FVO has been elected;

•Impairments and changes in the ACL on AFS debt securities; mortgage loans; and reinsurance recoverables;

•Foreign currency transaction remeasurements.

Accrued Interest Receivable

Accrued interest receivable on AFS debt securities and mortgage loans are recorded in other assets on the balance sheets and are not included in the carrying value of the investment. The Company does not include the current accrued interest receivable balance when estimating the ACL. The Company has a policy to write-off accrued interest receivable balances that are more than 90 days past due. Write-offs of accrued interest receivable are recorded as a credit loss component of investment and derivative related losses, net.

Interest income on AFS debt securities and mortgage loans is accrued unless it is past due over 90 days or management deems the interest uncollectible.

Variable Interest Entities

The Company is engaged with various special purpose entities and other entities that are deemed to be variable interest entities ("VIE") primarily as an investor through normal investment activities.

A VIE is an entity that either has investors that lack certain essential characteristics of a controlling financial interest, such as simple majority kick-out rights, or lacks sufficient funds to finance its own activities without financial support provided by other entities. The Company performs ongoing qualitative assessments of its VIE exposures to determine whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in the VIE and therefore is the primary beneficiary. The Company is deemed to have a controlling financial interest when it has both the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Based on the Company’s assessment, if it determines it is the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates the VIE on the Company’s Financial Statements.

Non-Consolidated Variable Interest Entities

The Company, through normal investment activities, makes passive investments in LP and similar legal entity structures which are reported in investment funds on the Company’s balance sheets. For these non-consolidated VIEs, the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary as it has no ability to direct activities that could significantly affect the economic performance of the investments.

In addition, the Company makes passive investments in structured securities issued by VIEs for which the Company is not the manager. These investments are reported in fixed maturities, on the Company’s balance sheets. The Company has not provided financial or other support with respect to these investments other than its original investment. For these investments, the Company determined it is not the primary beneficiary due to the relative size of the Company’s investment in comparison to the principal amount of the structured securities issued by the VIE, the Company’s inability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE, and, where applicable, the level of credit subordination which reduces the Company’s obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these investments is limited to the amount of the Company’s investment.

Derivative Instruments

Accounting and Financial Statement Presentation of Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities

Derivatives are financial instruments whose values are derived from interest rates, foreign exchange rates, financial indices or other underlying notional amounts. We regularly invest in derivatives to hedge the risks inherent in our business, such as interest rate, equity market, issuer credit, currency exchange, or market volatility. We may also invest in derivatives to manage liquidity or engage in synthetic replication transactions. Derivatives are carried on the balance sheets at fair value and are reported in other investments and other liabilities. We have master netting agreements with certain of our counterparties that provide the legal right of offset and allow for the netting of our derivative asset and liability positions by counterparty. Where applicable, the Company has elected to offset the fair value amounts, income accruals, and related cash collateral receivables and payables of derivatives executed in a legal entity and with the same counterparty or under a master netting agreement.

On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as (1) a hedge of the variability in cash flows of a forecasted transaction or of amounts to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability (“cash flow hedge”) or (2) held for other investment and/or risk management purposes, which primarily involve managing asset or liability related risks and do not qualify for hedge accounting.

We formally document all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as the risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking each hedge transaction. The documentation identifies how the hedging instrument (i.e., the derivative) is expected to hedge the designated risk (i.e., the specific forecasted transactions) and the method that will be used to assess the hedging instrument’s effectiveness.

To qualify for hedge accounting, the hedging instrument must be assessed as highly effective in offsetting the designated risk. We formally assess hedge effectiveness at both at the hedge’s inception and on a quarterly basis. This assessment is primarily performed using quantitative methods as well as using qualitative methods. Quantitative methods include regression or other statistical analysis of changes in fair value or cash flows associated with the hedge relationship. Qualitative methods may include comparison of critical terms of the derivative to the hedged item.

For derivatives that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, including foreign-currency cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the derivatives are recorded in OCI and are reclassified into net income in the same period during which the hedged transaction impacts net income. Gains and losses on derivatives that are reclassified from AOCI to net income, as well as periodic net coupon settlements, are included in the line item within the statements of operations in which the cash flows of the hedged transaction are reported. Cash flows from cash flow hedge are presented in the same category as the cash flows from the hedged transaction on the statements of cash flows.

Investments in derivatives for the Company’s other investment or risk management activities do not receive hedge accounting treatment, and primarily relate to strategies used to reduce economic risk or replicate permitted investments. Gains and losses on such derivatives, including periodic net coupon settlements, are reported as a component of investment and derivative related losses, net in the statements of operations.

We discontinue hedge accounting prospectively if: (1) it is determined that the qualifying criteria are no longer met; (2) the derivative is no longer designated as a hedging instrument; or (3) the derivative expires or is sold, terminated or exercised. When cash flow hedge accounting is discontinued because we become aware that it is not probable that the forecasted transaction will occur, the derivative continues to be carried at fair value on the balance sheets, and gains and losses previously recorded in OCI and reported in AOCI are immediately reclassified in net income. In other situations where hedge accounting is discontinued, including those where the derivative is sold, terminated or exercised, amounts previously deferred in AOCI are reclassified into earnings when earnings are impacted by the hedged transaction.

Embedded Derivatives

The Company purchases and historically issued and assumed financial instruments and products that contain embedded derivative instruments that we record with the associated host contract. For measurement purposes, we bifurcate the embedded derivative from the host contract when we determine that (1) the embedded derivative possesses economic

characteristics that are not clearly and closely related to the economic characteristics of the host contract and (2) a separate instrument with the same terms would qualify as a derivative instrument. The embedded derivative is presented on the same financial statement line item as the host contract, and is carried at fair value with changes in fair value recorded as a component of investment and derivative related losses.

Credit Risk

Credit risk is defined as the risk of financial loss due to uncertainty of an obligors’ or counterparty’s ability or willingness to meet its obligations in accordance with agreed upon terms. The Company minimizes the credit risk of derivative instruments by entering into transactions with high quality counterparties primarily rated A or better, which are monitored and evaluated by the Company’s risk management team and reviewed by senior management. The Company monitors counterparty credit exposure on a monthly basis to ensure compliance with Company policies and statutory limitations. Credit exposures are measured using the market value of the derivatives, resulting in amounts owed to the Company by its counterparties or potential payment obligations from the Company to its counterparties.

The Company generally requires that over-the-counter (“OTC”) derivative contracts, other than certain forward contracts, be governed by International Swaps and Derivatives Association agreements which are structured by legal entity and by counterparty, and permit right of offset. OTC-cleared derivatives are governed by clearing house rules. Transactions cleared through a central clearing house reduce risk due to their ability to require daily variation margin and act as an independent valuation source. Some agreements require daily collateral settlement based upon agreed upon thresholds. For purposes of daily derivative collateral maintenance, credit exposures are generally quantified based on the prior business day’s market value and collateral is pledged to and held by, or on behalf of, the Company to the extent the current value of the derivatives exceed the contractual thresholds. For the Company’s domestic derivative programs, the maximum uncollateralized threshold for a derivative counterparty for a single legal entity is $7.

Reinsurance

The Company enters into reinsurance transactions with unaffiliated and affiliate insurer counterparties for a variety of reasons, including strategic business growth opportunities (for assumed transactions) and capital and risk management (for ceded transactions). Reinsurance is placed with reinsurers that meet strict financial criteria established by the Company, and the Company regularly evaluates the financial condition of its reinsurers and concentrations of credit risk. Failure of counterparties to honor their obligations could result in losses to the Company. Ceded reinsurance arrangements do not discharge the Company’s liability as the primary insurer.

We assume insurance from and cede insurance to our counterparties using a variety of structures, including: coinsurance, coinsurance with funds withheld, modified coinsurance, and yearly renewable term. For an agreement to qualify for reinsurance accounting, it must include insurance risk (inclusive of underwriting, investment, and timing risk) and satisfy risk transfer conditions that include a reasonable possibility of a significant loss for the assuming entity. If an arrangement does not meet risk transfer requirements, the Company accounts for the arrangement using deposit accounting (i.e., as a financing transaction).

Reinsurance recoverables are generally recognized and measured consistent with the liabilities of the underlying contracts. Reinsurance recoverables include balances due from counterparties for paid and unpaid losses and are presented net of an ACL, which is based on the expectation of potential lifetime credit loss from the counterparty. Premiums and benefits and losses reflect the net effects of assumed and ceded reinsurance transactions. Included in other assets are prepaid reinsurance premiums, which represent the portion of premiums ceded to reinsurers applicable to the unexpired terms of the reinsurance agreements. For assumed reinsurance of existing in-force blocks, a net loss on reinsurance is recorded as deferred acquisition costs (“DAC”) and a net gain on reinsurance is recorded as unearned revenue reserves (“URR”). Certain MRBs have also been reinsured, and these are reflected within reinsurance recoverables on the balance sheets.

Under coinsurance arrangements, reserves and invested assets are transferred from the ceding insurer to the reinsurer. In certain arrangements, the reinsurer holds the assets supporting the reserves in a trust for the benefit of the ceding insurer. Refer to Note 6 - Reinsurance for additional information related to the various trusts the Company maintains.

Under coinsurance with funds withheld arrangements, ceded reserves are transferred to the reinsurer; however, invested assets that support the reserves are retained by the ceding insurer, and the counterparties periodically settle profit and loss with respect to the investment returns. Under modified coinsurance arrangements, both the ceded reserves and the invested assets that support the reserves are retained by the ceding insurer, and the counterparties periodically net settle profit and loss with respect to both the investment returns and the underlying insurance obligations.

Both modified coinsurance and coinsurance with funds withheld arrangements require the ceding insurer to establish a mechanism which legally segregates the invested assets. The Company maintains the right of offset on general account assets and liabilities reinsured on both a coinsurance with funds withheld and modified coinsurance basis, but we have elected to present balances due from and due to reinsurance counterparties on a gross basis, as reinsurance recoverables

and funds withheld liability for ceded reinsurance or funds withheld at interest for assumed reinsurance on the balance sheets. Separate account assets and liabilities assumed on a modified coinsurance basis are reported on a net basis on the balance sheets. Revenue, however, is recorded from the reinsurance of separate accounts as premiums or policy charges and fee income on the statements of operations.

Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Acquisition Costs, Unearned Revenue Reserves, And Other Balances Policy

Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Acquisition Costs, Unearned Revenue Reserves, and Other Balances

Value of Business Acquired

Value of business acquired (“VOBA”) is an intangible asset that represents the portion of a purchase price allocated to the estimated value assigned to the right to receive future gross profits from cash flows and earnings of acquired insurance and investment contracts as of the date of the acquisition. It is based on the actuarially estimated present value of future cash flows of the acquired contracts in-force as of the date of the acquisition. The principal assumptions used in estimating VOBA include equity market returns, mortality, persistency, expenses, and discount rates, in addition to other factors that the Company expects to experience in future years. Actual experience on the acquired contracts may vary from these projections and the recovery of VOBA is dependent upon the future profitability of the related business.

For certain transactions, the fair value of obligations related to acquired insurance and investment contracts exceed the book value of policy liabilities, resulting in additional reserves (“negative VOBA”). Negative VOBA is presented separately from VOBA as an additional reserve included either in the reserve for future policy benefits or other policyholder funds and benefits payable on the balance sheets, depending on the presentation for the underlying contracts generating the amount.

The Company tests the aggregate recoverability of positive VOBA by comparing the existing balance to the present value of future profitability.

Deferred Acquisition Costs

As noted in the Reinsurance section above, specific to assumed block reinsurance, the excess of reserves and ceding commission over assets received is recorded as DAC. In addition, costs such as commissions are capitalized when incurred if directly related to the successful acquisition of new or existing insurance contracts.

Unearned Revenue Reserve

As noted in the Reinsurance section above, a net gain on assumed reinsurance is recorded as URR within other policyholder funds and benefits payable on the balance sheets.

Amortization of Deferred Acquisition Costs and Other Balances

The Company amortizes VOBA, DAC, URR and other balances (e.g., adjustments associated with FIA MRBs) through net income on a constant-level basis over the expected term for a group of contracts (i.e., cohorts), using the same cohorts used to estimate the associated liabilities for those contracts. Inputs and assumptions are required for determining the expected term of contracts and are consistent with those used to estimate the related liabilities. The determination of such assumptions uses accepted actuarial methods to estimate decrement rates related to policyholder behavior for lapses, withdrawals (surrenders) and mortality.

The constant-level basis uses a method specific to the underlying product, generally policy counts or gross premiums, and approximates a pattern of straight-line amortization at an individual contract level. The amortization rate is calculated at the end of each reporting period, and is inclusive of actual experience for the reporting period and any assumption updates. The revised amortization rate is applied prospectively from the beginning of the current reporting period. Amortization can never result in an increase of the VOBA, DAC or URR balance initially established.

Refer to Note 7 - Value of Business Acquired, Deferred Acquisition Costs, Unearned Revenue Reserves, and Other Balances for further information.

Refer to Note 10 - Reserve for Future Policy Benefits for additional information regarding the assumptions for the LFPB and additional liabilities for other insurance benefits.

Income Taxes

We measure income taxes using the asset and liability method, where deferred income taxes are recognized to represent the tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting and tax basis of assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years the temporary differences are expected to reverse. We evaluate the likelihood of realizing the benefit of deferred tax assets, and if required, record a valuation allowance to reduce the total deferred tax asset, net of valuation allowance, to an amount that will more likely than not be realized. The Company classifies interest and penalties (if applicable) as income tax expense in the statements of operations.

Goodwill

Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price of an acquired business over the fair value of identifiable net assets acquired, and is allocated to identified reporting units. Goodwill is not amortized but is evaluated for impairment on an annual basis or more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying value. Our methodology for conducting this goodwill impairment evaluation includes both a qualitative and quantitative assessment.

The Company has the option to initially perform an assessment of qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount. The qualitative factors may include, but are not limited to, economic conditions, industry and market considerations, cost factors, overall financial performance of the entity or a reporting unit and other company and entity-level or reporting unit-specific events. If it is determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is less than its carrying amount, we then perform a quantitative assessment. If the carrying values of the reporting units exceed their fair value, an impairment loss is recognized and the carrying amount of goodwill is adjusted.

Other Intangible Assets

Other intangible assets with definite lives are amortized over the estimated useful life of the asset and consist of software amortized over a period not to exceed seven years. Other intangible assets with indefinite lives primarily consist of state insurance licenses, and are not amortized but are reviewed annually in the Company’s impairment evaluation. They will be tested for impairment more frequently if an event occurs or circumstances change to indicate the fair value of indefinite-lived other intangible assets is less than the carrying value.

Separate Accounts

The Company has issued VA and life insurance contracts through its separate accounts, which represent funds maintained to meet specific investment objectives of policyholders who direct the investments and bear the investment risk, with the exception of any contractual minimum guarantees made by the Company with respect to certain accounts, which are considered market risk benefits. Separate account assets are legally segregated and are not subject to claims that arise out of any other business of the Company. The Company’s separate account products include the variable account value portion of VA, variable life insurance products and individual, institutional, and governmental investment contracts. The Company has reinsured certain separate account policies on a modified coinsurance basis to unaffiliated reinsurers.

We report separate account assets as a summary total based on the fair value of the underlying investments. A corresponding summary total separate account liabilities is reported at an amount equal to separate account assets, and represents the account balance to be returned to the contractholder. The investment risk is solely borne by the contractholders and investment income and investment related and unrealized gains and losses of the separate accounts directly accrue to the contractholders; therefore, they are not recognized in the statements of operations. The Company recognizes fee income for investment management, certain administrative services and cost of insurance charges.

Reserve for Future Policy Benefits and Other Policyholder Funds and Benefits Payable

Reserve for Future Policy Benefits

Reserve for future policy benefits represent estimated insurance liabilities and primarily consist of the liability for future policy benefits (“LFPB”), deferred profit liability (“DPL”) related to life-contingent payout annuities, and additional liabilities for ULSG contracts. Reserve for Future Policy Benefits also consists of traditional long-duration insurance reserves for whole life and guaranteed term life insurance and other contracts.

Liability for Future Policy Benefits

The LFPB includes reserves for life-contingent contract annuitizations, including structured settlements and terminal funding agreements and traditional life insurance contracts. Insurance contracts are grouped into cohorts based on issue year and contract type for purposes of recognizing the LFPB. For contracts acquired through an inforce reinsurance arrangement or business combination, multiple issue years prior to the acquisition date are generally aggregated for purposes of identifying a single, issue-year cohort.

The LFPB is calculated using standard actuarial methods, which consider the present value of future benefits and related expenses to be paid, less the present value of the portion of future premiums required. Such calculations are measured using updated cash flow and discount rate assumptions. The Company updates the LFPB at least quarterly for actual

experience and future cash flow assumptions are evaluated at least annually. Cash flow assumptions include, among others, mortality and lapse rates, and are reviewed and updated, as needed, following the Company’s assumption review in the third quarter. Cash flow assumptions may be updated more frequently, if necessary, based on trending experience and future expectations. The effect on the LFPB attributable to updates for actual experience and updates in cash flow assumptions are both recorded as benefits and losses. However, actual experience (e.g., paid claims) is reported as benefits and losses while remeasurement of the LFPB for the effect of cash flow assumption updates is reported as a separate remeasurement gain (loss).

The LFPB is computed at amounts that, with additions from interest on such reserves compounded annually at assumed rates, are expected to be sufficient to meet the Company’s policy obligations at their maturities or in the event of an insured’s death.

Cash flows are discounted using an upper-medium grade (or low credit risk), fixed-income instrument yield (the equivalent of a Single A corporate bond rate). We establish the upper-medium grade yield for each cohort as of contract inception. The contract inception date is identified as the acquisition date for contracts acquired through an inforce reinsurance arrangement or business combination. For contracts issued evenly throughout a reporting period (or subsequent annuitizations for life-contingent payout annuities), a weighted-average discount rate is calculated on a quarterly basis. Reserve accretion in subsequent measurement periods calculated using the locked-in yield curve established at contract inception is recorded as benefit expense through net income.

The LFPB is additionally remeasured each reporting period using current upper-medium grade yields, and the effect on the LFPB attributable to changes in the discount rate is recorded in OCI. The Company maximizes the use of observable data as of each valuation date when developing an upper-medium grade yield curve designed to reflect the duration characteristics of the insurance liabilities.

Deferred Profit Liability

The DPL is recognized at contract inception of limited-payment contracts and represents the profit margin in premiums paid over a shorter duration than the claim payment period. The DPL accretes interest similar to the LFPB and is amortized in a constant relationship with expected future benefits payments for annuity contracts and insurance in force for life contracts. Amortization is recognized in benefits and losses within the statements of operations.

Consistent with the LFPB, the Company updates the DPL at least quarterly for actual experience, and future cash flow assumptions are reviewed and updated, as needed, following the Company’s assumptions review in the third quarter. Cash flow assumptions may be updated more frequently, if necessary, based on trending experience and future expectations. Consistent with the LFPB, actual experience is reported as benefits and losses while the effect on the DPL attributable to updates in cash flow assumptions is reported as a separate remeasurement loss (gain) within benefits and losses in the statements of operations.

Refer to Note 10 - Reserve for Future Policy Benefits for additional information.

Additional Liability for Universal Life with Secondary Guarantees

Reserves for such ULSG benefits are included within the reserve for future policy benefits on the balance sheets, as they provide additional protection against policy termination and may continue to provide a death benefit, even if there is insufficient policy value to cover the monthly deductions and charges.

Additional liabilities for other insurance benefits are determined by estimating the expected present value of the benefits in excess of the policyholder’s expected account value in proportion to the present value of total expected contract assessments and investment margin. Present values are discounted at the contract rate, and interest accrues on the liability using the same rate. The reserve is reduced by the amount of cumulative excess payments but is never reduced below zero. Consistent with the LFPB, the reserve calculation is updated on a quarterly basis for actual experience, and future cash flow assumptions are reviewed and updated, as needed, following the Company’s assumptions review in the third quarter. Consistent with the LFPB, actual experience is reported as benefits and losses while the effect on the additional liabilities attributable to updates in cash flow assumptions is reported as a separate remeasurement loss (gain) within benefits and losses in the statements of operations.

Other Policyholder Funds and Benefits Payable

Other policyholder funds and benefits payable primarily consists of policyholder account balances (“PABs”), URR, negative VOBA, and other balances. Refer to the Reinsurance and VOBA policy sections above for additional information on URR and negative VOBA. Other balances primarily include FIA host offsets, which are amounts used to offset the value of the MRB at contract inception, and is further described in the MRB policy section below.

Policyholder Account Balance

PABs represent the fixed contract value that has accrued to the benefit of the policyholder as of the balance sheet date and are applicable for contracts with explicit account values, including VA, fixed annuities, corporate-owned life insurance (“COLI”), and other universal life-type products (“UL”). This liability is primarily associated with the accumulated account deposits, plus interest credited, less policyholder withdrawals and other charges assessed against the account balance, as applicable. The liability recognized for non-life contingent payout annuities, including structured settlements, is measured as the present value of future payments using the effective yield at contract inception. Significant changes in experience or assumptions related to PABs for UL-type products may require the Company to establish premium deficiency reserves. Premium deficiency reserves, if any, are established based on current assumptions without considering a provision for adverse deviation. Changes in or deviations from the assumptions used can significantly affect the Company’s reserve levels and results from operations.

FIA contract balances appreciate based on a minimum guaranteed credited rate or the performance of market indices, and generally protect the contract owner against loss of principal and may include living withdrawal benefits or enhanced annuitization benefits. FIAs allow the policyholder to elect a fixed interest rate return or an equity market index.

For FIA contracts where an equity market index is elected, the account value attributable to equity performance, which is not clearly and closely related to the host insurance contract, is recognized as an embedded derivative. The liability reported on the balance sheets is equal to the sum of the fair value of the embedded derivative and the host contract. The host contract, identified as the non-variable guaranteed minimum contract value, is initially measured as the contract inception account value less a host contract adjustment equal to the initial fair value of the embedded derivative. The host contract adjustment is subsequently accreted over the underlying policy’s expected life. The fair value of the embedded derivative is measured as the present value of cash flows attributable to the indexed strategies, and is derived using assumptions to estimate future account values. The embedded derivative cash flows are discounted using a rate that reflects our own credit rating.

Refer to Note 11 - Other Policyholder Funds and Benefits Payable and Note 5 - Fair Value Measurements for additional information.

Market Risk Benefits

The Company historically issued and assumes via reinsurance certain guarantees and product features on VA and FIA products which protect the contractholder from, and expose the Company to, other-than-nominal capital market risk. The Company recognizes these features as MRBs, which include guaranteed minimum death benefit (“GMDB”), guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (“GMWB”) and guaranteed minimum income benefit (“GMIB”) for VA products, as well as guaranteed lifetime withdrawal benefit (“GLWB”), as well as expected annuitization benefits for FIA products.

MRBs are measured at the individual contract level and multiple MRBs within a single contract are measured and recognized as a single, compound MRB. MRBs are carried at fair value and may be recognized as a liability or an asset, and are reported separately as MRB liabilities or assets on the balance sheets as there is no legal right of offset between contracts.

The fair value of MRBs is measured as the present value of expected future benefits payments to contractholder, less the present value of expected fees attributable to the MRB, if applicable. The cash flows associated with MRBs are discounted utilizing a risk-free discount rate, plus an applicable credit spread for the instrument-specific credit risk (“ISCR”). To estimate the appropriate credit spread, the Company considers its own credit risk for directly written and assumed contracts and the reinsurer’s credit risk for MRBs that are reinsured. Changes in the fair value of MRBs are recorded as a change in market risk benefits within net income, excluding portions attributed to changes in the Company’s own credit risk, which are recorded in OCI. For MRBs that are reinsured, changes in the MRB attributable to changes in the reinsurer’s nonperformance risk are recognized as part of the change in market risk benefits recorded through net income.

At contract inception, we assess the fees and assessments collectible from the policyholder and allocate them to the extent they are attributable to the MRB. If attributed fees are sufficient to cover the projected benefits, a non-option based valuation model is used. If attributed fees are insufficient to cover the projected benefits (or there are no explicit fees collectible from the policyholder), an option-based valuation model is used. MRBs calculated using an option-based model are measured and recognized at contract inception and for FIA contracts, an equivalent contra-liability, referred to as a host offset, is recognized in other policyholder funds and benefits payable on the balance sheets.

Upon annuitization of the contract or the extinguishment of the account balance, the MRB, related annuity contract and unamortized deferred costs are derecognized, including amounts within AOCI, and a LFPB for the remaining payout annuity contract is established, if applicable.

Directly written and assumed MRBs are not reduced for those riders that are ceded under reinsurance agreements. Instead, ceded MRBs are measured at fair value and are separately recorded in reinsurance recoverables on the balance sheets.

Refer to Note 12 - Market Risk Benefits for additional information.

Revenue Recognition

For investment and universal life-type contracts, amounts collected from policyholders are considered deposits and are not included in revenue. Policy charges and fee income for VA, FIA, fixed annuities and other universal life-type contracts primarily consists of policy charges for policy administration, cost of insurance charges and surrender charges assessed against policyholders’ account balances and are recognized in the period in which services are provided. For traditional life products, premiums are recognized as revenue when due from policyholders.

Adoption of New Accounting Standards and Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Adoption of New Accounting Standards

Targeted Improvements to the Accounting for Long-Duration Contracts (ASU 2018-12)

Refer to Note 2 - Adoption of Long-Duration Targeted Improvements for additional information.

Business Combinations – Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers (ASU 2021-08)

ASU 2021-08 applies to business combinations on or after January 1, 2023 and modifies how acquiring entities measure contract assets and contract liabilities from contracts with customers held by the acquiree. Such balances will be measured in a manner consistent with how the acquiree recognized and measured them in its pre-acquisition financial statements. We adopted these updates effective January 1, 2023, and it did not have an impact on our financial statements as the Company did not enter into any business combinations in 2023.

Financial Instruments – Credit Losses (Topic 326) – Troubled Debt Restructurings and Vintage Disclosures (ASU 2022-02)

ASU 2022-02 modified guidance for troubled debt restructurings and expanded disclosure requirements to present write-off of financing receivables disaggregated by year of origination (i.e., vintage). We adopted these updates effective January 1, 2023, and it did not have a material effect on our financial statements.

Reference Rate Reform (Topic 848) (ASU 2020-04, ASU 2021-01, and ASU 2022-06)

ASU 2020-04 and ASU 2021-01 provided practical expedients as codified within Topic 848 which were intended to ease operational burdens related to modifications to certain contracts, hedges and derivatives compelled due to reference rate reform. Each ASU was effective at issuance, adopted by the Company in prior years, and did not have a material effect on our financial statements. ASU 2022-06 deferred the sunset of Topic 848 from December 31, 2022 to December 31, 2024, at which point the practical expedients within Topic 848 will no longer be available. The Company will continue to evaluate the impact of reference rate reform on contract modifications and hedging relationships.

Derivatives and Hedging: Fair Value Hedging - Portfolio Layer Method (ASU 2022-01)

ASU 2022-01 expanded the scope of financial assets that are qualified for use in a portfolio layer hedging strategy. We adopted these updates effective January 1, 2023, and it did not have a material effect on our financial statements.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Fair Value Measurements of Equity Securities Subject to Contractual Sale Restrictions (ASU 2022-03)

ASU 2022-03 applies to both holders and issuers of equity and equity-linked securities measured at fair value, and clarifies that a contractual sales restriction is not considered in measurement. The amendments are effective for the Company in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt the provisions of ASU 2022-03 in the first quarter of 2024 and does not expect it to have a material effect on the financial statements.

Segment Reporting - Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures (ASU 2023-07)

ASU 2023-07 will require additional disclosures regarding segment expenses and additional information regarding the Company's Chief Operating Decision Maker. The ASU also clarifies the expanded disclosures will be applicable to entities with a single reportable segment. The amendments are effective for the Company in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. The Company will adopt the provisions of ASU 2023-07 in the first quarter of 2024 and does not expect it to have a material effect on the financial statements.

Income Taxes - Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09)

ASU 2023-09 will require additional disclosures with respect to taxes paid and the Company's effective tax rate reconciliation for federal, state, and foreign income taxes. The amendments are effective for the Company in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this guidance on the financial statements.

Derivatives

The Company utilizes a variety of OTC, OTC-cleared and exchange traded derivative instruments as a part of its overall risk management strategy as well as to enter into replication transactions. Derivative instruments are used to manage risk associated with interest rate, equity market, credit spread, issuer default and currency exchange rate exposures or movements. Replication transactions are used as an economical means to synthetically replicate the characteristics and performance of assets that are permissible investments under the Company’s investment policies.

Derivatives Designated and Qualifying as Hedging Instruments

Some of the Company's derivatives satisfy hedge accounting requirements as outlined in Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of these financial statements. Typically, these hedging instruments include interest rate swaps and, to a lesser extent, foreign currency swaps where the terms or expected cash flows of the hedged item closely match the terms of the swap. The interest rate swaps are typically used to manage interest rate duration of certain fixed maturity securities or liability contracts. The hedge strategies by hedge accounting designation include:

Cash Flow Hedges

Interest rate swaps are predominantly used to manage portfolio duration and better match cash receipts from assets with cash disbursements required to fund liabilities. These derivatives primarily convert interest receipts on floating-rate fixed maturity securities to fixed rates. Foreign currency swaps are used to convert foreign currency-denominated cash flows related to certain investment receipts and liability payments to U.S. dollars in order to reduce cash flow fluctuations due to changes in currency rates.

Derivatives Not Designated as Hedging Instruments

Derivative relationships that do not qualify for hedge accounting (“non-qualifying strategies”) primarily include the hedge program for the Company's VA products, as well as the hedging and replication strategies that utilize credit default swaps. In addition, hedges of interest rate, foreign currency and equity risk of certain fixed maturities, equities and liabilities do not qualify for hedge accounting.

The non-qualifying strategies include:

Interest Rate Swaps, Swaptions and Futures

The Company uses interest rate swaps, swaptions and futures to manage interest rate duration between assets and liabilities in certain investment portfolios. In addition, the Company enters into interest rate swaps to terminate existing swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap. As of December 31, 2023 (Successor Company), there were no interest rate swaps in offsetting relationships and as of December 31, 2022 (Successor Company), the notional amount of interest rate swaps in offsetting relationships was $276.

Foreign Currency Swaps and Forwards

The Company enters into foreign currency swaps to convert the foreign currency exposures of certain foreign currency-denominated fixed maturity investments to U.S. dollars. The Company also enters into foreign currency forwards to hedge non-U.S. dollar denominated cash.

Credit Contracts

Credit default swaps are used to purchase credit protection on an individual entity or referenced index to economically hedge against default risk and credit-related changes in the value of fixed maturity securities. Credit default swaps are also used to assume credit risk related to an individual entity or referenced index as a part of replication transactions. These contracts require the Company to pay or receive a periodic fee in exchange for compensation from the counterparty or the Company should the referenced security issuers experience a credit event, as defined in the contract. In addition, the Company enters into credit default swaps to terminate existing credit default swaps, thereby offsetting the changes in value of the original swap going forward.

Macro Hedge Program

The Company utilizes equity swaps, options and futures as well as interest rate swaps to provide protection against the statutory tail scenario risk to the Company's statutory surplus arising from higher GMWB and GMDB claims, as well as lower VA fee revenue.

Embedded Derivatives

The Company has assumed through reinsurance certain FIA products with index-based crediting that constitutes an embedded derivative. The cedant hedges this risk and provides the benefits of this hedging as part of the reinsurance settlements.

The Company formerly offered, and subsequently fully reinsured, certain UL products with index-linked features that also constitute an embedded derivative.

Ceded Modified Coinsurance Reinsurance Contracts

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company had approximately $877 and $645, respectively, of invested assets supporting other policyholder funds and benefits payable reinsured under a modified coinsurance arrangement in connection with the sale of the Individual Life business, which was structured as a reinsurance transaction. The assets are primarily held in trust accounts established by the Company. The Company pays or receives cash quarterly to settle the operating results of the reinsured business, including the investment results. As a result of this modified coinsurance arrangement, the Company has an embedded derivative that transfers to the reinsurer certain unrealized changes in fair value of investments subject to interest rate and credit risk. The notional amount of the embedded derivative reinsurance contracts are the reinsured liabilities which are generally measured on a statutory basis and equivalent to the book value of the identified invested assets which support the reinsured reserves. The identified underlying is the total return on the identified invested assets which support the reinsured reserves. A funds withheld liability is recorded for funds contractually withheld by the Company under funds withheld modified coinsurance arrangements in which the Company is the cedant.

Derivative Balance Sheet Classification

For reporting purposes, the Company has elected to offset within assets or liabilities based upon the net of the fair value amounts, income accruals, and related cash collateral receivables and payables of OTC derivative instruments executed in a legal entity and with the same counterparty under a master netting agreement, which provides the Company with the legal right of offset. The following fair value amounts do not include income accruals or related cash collateral receivables and payables, which are netted with derivative fair value amounts to determine balance sheet presentation. Derivatives in the Company’s separate accounts, where the associated gains and losses accrue directly to policyholders are not included in the table below. The Company’s derivative instruments are held for risk management purposes, unless otherwise noted in the following table. The notional amount of derivative contracts represents the basis upon which pay or receive amounts are calculated and is presented in the table to quantify the volume of the Company’s derivative activity. Notional amounts are not necessarily reflective of credit risk. The following tables exclude investments that contain an embedded credit derivative for which the Company has elected the FVO.

The table below provides a summary of the gross notional amount and fair value of derivative contracts by the primary underlying risks they are utilized to manage. The fair value amounts below represent the value of derivative contracts prior to taking into account the netting effects of master netting agreements, accrued interest, and cash collateral.


	Notional Amount		Fair Value
			Net		Assets		Liabilities
As of December 31, 2023
Designated and qualifying as hedges
Cash flow hedges
Interest rate swaps	$	250	$	(29)	$	—	$	29

Not designated as hedges
Embedded derivatives
Funds withheld on modified coinsurance [2] [3]	—		302		—		(302)
Fixed indexed annuities [2] [3]	—		(135)		406		541
Other [2] [3]	—		—		(5)		(5)
Total embedded derivatives	—		167		401		234

Freestanding derivatives [1]
Variable annuities macro hedge program	10,340		5		151		146
Foreign currency swaps and forwards	202		12		12		—
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures	1,087		(188)		—		188


	Notional Amount		Fair Value
			Net		Assets		Liabilities
Credit derivatives	500		10		10		—
Total freestanding derivatives	12,129		(161)		173		334

Total not designated as hedges	12,129		6		574		568

Total derivatives	$	12,379	$	(23)	$	574	$	597

As of December 31, 2022
Designated and qualifying as hedges
Cash flow hedges [1]
Interest rate swaps	$	250	$	—	$	—	$	—

Not designated as hedges
Embedded derivatives
Funds withheld on modified coinsurance [2] [3]	—		726		129		(597)
Fixed indexed annuities [2] [3]	—		(81)		243		324
Other [2] [3]	—		—		(29)		(29)
Total embedded derivatives	—		645		343		(302)

Freestanding derivatives [1]
Variable annuities macro hedge program	22,823		211		506		295
Foreign currency swaps and forwards	161		15		16		1
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures	1,363		(1)		3		4
Credit derivatives	500		4		4		—
Total freestanding derivatives	24,847		229		529		300

Total not designated as hedges	24,847		874		872		(2)

Total derivatives	$	25,097	$	874	$	872	$	(2)

[1]Represents the gross fair value of freestanding derivatives excluding collateral and accrued income which are recorded in other investments and other liabilities on the balance sheets.

[2]For certain assumed and ceded reinsurance agreements the notional value is not indicative of the volume of activity. Refer to Note 6 - Reinsurance for additional information regarding the activity which generated the value of the embedded derivative.

[3]These derivatives are not held for risk management purposes. Assets are recorded in reinsurance recoverables and liabilities in other policyholder funds and benefits payable.

Offsetting of Derivative Assets/Liabilities

The following table presents the gross fair value amounts, inclusive of income accruals, amounts offset, and the net position of derivative instruments eligible for offset on the Company's balance sheets. Amounts offset include fair value amounts, income accruals and related cash collateral receivables and payables associated with derivative instruments that are traded under a common master netting agreement, as described in the preceding discussion. Also included in the tables are financial collateral receivables and payables, which are contractually permitted to be offset upon an event of default, although are disallowed for offsetting under US GAAP.

The following presents the effect or potential effect of rights of set-off associated with recognized derivative assets and liabilities:


	As of December 31, 2023				As of December 31, 2022
	Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities		Derivative Assets		Derivative Liabilities
Gross amounts recognized [1]	$	202	$	(386)	$	529	$	(300)
Gross amounts offset [2]	(167)		329		(446)		195
Net amount presented [3]	35		(57)		83		(105)

Gross amounts not offset:
Cash collateral [2]	(30)		30		—		—
Net amount	5		(27)		83		(105)

Off-balance sheet securities collateral [4]	(1)		58		(68)		103
Net amount	$	4	$	31	$	15	$	(2)

[1]Represents the fair value of freestanding derivatives inclusive of accrued income.

[2]Excludes collateral associated with exchange-traded derivative instruments included in other assets.

[3]Derivative assets and liabilities, including cash collateral and accrued interest, are presented on the Company's balance sheets in other investments and other liabilities, respectively.

[4]Non-cash collateral received excludes initial margin and is not recognized on our balance sheets unless the obligor (transferor) has defaulted under the terms of the secured contract and is no longer entitled to redeem the pledged asset.

Refer to Note 3 - Investments for the effect of rights of set-off associated with repurchase agreements.

Cash Flow Hedges

For derivative instruments that are designated and qualify as cash flow hedges, the gain or loss on the derivative is reported as a component of OCI and reclassified into earnings in the same period or periods during which the hedged transaction affects earnings. All components of each derivative’s gain or loss were included in the assessment of hedge effectiveness.

As of December 31, 2023 (Successor Company), there were no before tax deferred net losses on derivative instruments expected to be reclassified from AOCI to earnings over the next twelve months. This expectation is based on the anticipated interest payments on hedged investments in fixed maturity securities that will occur over the next twelve months, at which time the Company will recognize the deferred net gains (losses) as an adjustment to net investment income over the term of the investment cash flows.

For all periods presented, the Company had no net reclassifications from AOCI to earnings resulting from the discontinuance of cash-flow hedges due to forecasted transactions that were no longer probable of occurring.

Refer to Note 18 - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) for details regarding amounts recorded in and reclassified from AOCI for cash flow hedges.

Non-Qualifying Derivatives

For non-qualifying, including embedded derivatives that are required to be bifurcated from their host contracts, the gain or loss on the derivative is recognized within investment and derivative related losses, net as follows:


	Successor Company						Predecessor Company
	For the Years Ended December 31,				For the Period of July 1, 2021 to December 31, 2021		For the Six Months Ended June 30, 2021
	2023		2022
Embedded derivatives
Modified coinsurance	$	247	$	809	$	15	$	22
Fixed indexed annuities	(54)		200		—		—
GMWB reinsurance contracts	—		—		—		(24)
GMWB and other products	5		5		—		82
Total embedded derivatives	198		1,014		15		80

Freestanding derivatives
Variable annuities macro hedge program	(897)		(1)		(100)		(301)
Foreign currency swaps and forwards	(1)		7		5		(2)
Interest rate swaps, swaptions, and futures	(40)		(306)		21		(76)
Credit derivatives	12		3		1		—
Total freestanding derivatives	(926)		(297)		(73)		(379)

Total	$	(728)	$	717	$	(58)	$	(299)

Credit Risk Assumed through Credit Derivatives

The Company enters into credit default swaps that assume credit risk of a single entity or referenced index in order to synthetically replicate investment transactions that are permissible under the Company's investment policies. The Company will receive periodic payments based on an agreed upon rate and notional amount and will only make a payment if there is a credit event. A credit event payment will typically be equal to the notional value of the swap contract less the value of the referenced security issuer’s debt obligation after the occurrence of the credit event. A credit event is generally defined as a default on contractually obligated interest or principal payments or bankruptcy of the referenced entity. The credit default swaps in which the Company assumes credit risk primarily reference investment grade single corporate issuers and baskets, which include standard diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers. The diversified portfolios of corporate issuers are established within sector concentration limits and may be divided into tranches that possess different credit ratings.


	Notional Amount [2]		Fair Value		Weighted Average Years to Maturity	Underlying Referenced Credit Obligation [1]		Offsetting Notional Amount		Offsetting Fair Value
	Notional Amount [2]		Fair Value		Weighted Average Years to Maturity	Type	Average Credit Rating	Offsetting Notional Amount		Offsetting Fair Value
Basket credit default swaps [3] with investment grade risk exposure:
As of December 31, 2023	$	500	$	10	5 years	Corporate Credit	BBB+	$	—	$	—
As of December 31, 2022	$	500	$	4	5 years	Corporate Credit	BBB+	$	—	$	—

[1]The average credit ratings are based on availability and are generally the midpoint of the available ratings among Moody’s, S&P, and Fitch. If no rating is available from a rating agency, then an internally developed rating is used.

[2]Notional amount is equal to the maximum potential future loss amount. These derivatives are governed by agreements and applicable law which include collateral posting requirements. There is no additional specific collateral related to these contracts or recourse provisions included in the contracts to offset losses.

[3]Comprised of swaps of standard market indices of diversified portfolios of corporate and CMBS issuers referenced through credit default swaps. These swaps are subsequently valued based upon the observable standard market index.

Derivative Collateral Arrangements

The Company enters into various collateral arrangements in connection with its derivative instruments, which require both the pledging and accepting of collateral. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company pledged cash collateral with a fair value of $265 and $5, respectively, associated with derivative instruments. The collateral

receivable has been recorded in other assets or other liabilities on the Company's balance sheets, as determined by the Company's election to offset on the balance sheet. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company also pledged securities collateral associated with derivative instruments with a fair value of $58 and $106, respectively, which have been included in fixed maturities, AFS on the balance sheets. The counterparties have the right to sell or re-pledge these securities. In addition, as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company has pledged initial margin of cash related to OTC-cleared and exchange traded derivatives with a fair value of $42 and $15, respectively, which is recorded in other investments or other assets on the Company's balance sheets. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company has pledged initial margin of securities related to OTC-cleared and exchange traded derivatives with a fair value of $130 and $187, respectively, which are included within fixed maturities, AFS on the Company's balance sheets.

As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company accepted cash collateral associated with derivative instruments of $89 and $262, respectively, which was invested and recorded on the balance sheets in fixed maturities, AFS and short-term investments with corresponding amounts recorded in other investments or other liabilities as determined by the Company's election to offset on the balance sheet. The Company also accepted securities collateral as of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company) with a fair value of $1 and $79, respectively, which the Company has the right to sell or repledge. As of December 31, 2023 and 2022 (Successor Company), the Company had not repledged securities and did not sell any securities. The non-cash collateral accepted was held in separate custodial accounts and was not included on the Company's balance sheets.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

Level 1 Fair values based primarily on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities, in active markets that the Company has the ability to access at the measurement date.

Level 2 Fair values primarily based on observable inputs, other than quoted prices included in Level 1, or based on prices for similar assets and liabilities.

Level 3 Fair values derived when one or more of the significant inputs are unobservable (including assumptions about risk). With little or no observable market, the determination of fair value uses considerable judgment and represents the Company’s best estimate of an amount that could be realized in a market exchange for the asset or liability. Also included are securities that are traded within illiquid markets and/or priced by independent brokers.

Net Asset Value ("NAV") – Other invested assets within separate accounts are typically measured using NAV as a practical expedient in determining fair value and are not classified in the fair value hierarchy. The carrying value reflects the pro rata ownership percentage as indicated by NAV in the investment’s financial statements, which may be adjusted if it’s determined NAV is not calculated consistent with investment company fair value principles. The underlying investments may have significant unobservable inputs, which may include but are not limited to, comparable multiples and weighted average cost of capital rates applied in valuation models or a discounted cash flow model.

Valuation Techniques

The Company generally determines fair values using valuation techniques that use prices, rates, and other relevant information evident from market transactions involving identical or similar instruments. Valuation techniques also include, where appropriate, estimates of future cash flows that are converted into a single discounted amount using current market expectations. The Company uses a "waterfall" approach comprised of the following pricing sources and techniques, which are listed in priority order:

•Quoted prices, unadjusted, for identical assets or liabilities in active markets, which are classified as Level 1.

•Prices from third-party pricing services, which primarily utilize a combination of techniques. These services utilize recently reported trades of identical, similar, or benchmark securities making adjustments for market observable inputs available through the reporting date. If there are no recently reported trades, they may use a discounted cash flow

technique to develop a price using expected cash flows based upon the anticipated future performance of the underlying collateral discounted at an estimated market rate. Both techniques develop prices that consider the time value of future cash flows and provide a margin for risk, including liquidity and credit risk. Most prices provided by third-party pricing services are classified as Level 2 because the inputs used in pricing the securities are observable. However, some securities that are less liquid or trade less actively are classified as Level 3. Additionally, certain long-dated securities, such as municipal securities and bank loans, include benchmark interest rate or credit spread assumptions that are not observable in the marketplace and are thus classified as Level 3.

•Internal matrix pricing is a valuation process internally developed for private placement securities for which the Company is unable to obtain a price from a third-party pricing service. Internal pricing matrices determine credit spreads that, when combined with risk-free rates, are applied to contractual cash flows to develop a price. The Company develops credit spreads using market based data for public securities adjusted for credit spread differentials between public and private securities, which are obtained from a survey of multiple private placement brokers. The market-based reference credit spread considers the issuer’s sector, financial strength, and term to maturity, using an independent public security index, while the credit spread differential considers the non-public nature of the security. Securities priced using internal matrix pricing are classified as Level 2 because the significant inputs are observable or can be corroborated with observable data.

•Independent broker quotes, which are typically non-binding use inputs that can be difficult to corroborate with observable market based data. Brokers may use present value techniques using assumptions specific to the security types, or they may use recent transactions of similar securities. Due to the lack of transparency in the process that brokers use to develop prices, valuations that are based on independent broker quotes are classified as Level 3.

The fair value of freestanding derivative instruments is determined primarily using a discounted cash flow model or option model technique and incorporates counterparty credit risk. In some cases, quoted market prices for exchange-traded and OTC cleared derivatives may be used and in other cases independent broker quotes may be used. The pricing valuation models primarily use inputs that are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data. The valuation of certain derivatives may include significant inputs that are unobservable, such as volatility levels, and reflect the Company’s view of what other market participants would use when pricing such instruments.

Fair values for FIA embedded derivatives are classified as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy and are calculated using internally developed models that utilize significant unobservable inputs because active, observable markets do not exist for these items.

Valuation Inputs

Quoted prices for identical assets in active markets are considered Level 1 and consist of on-the-run U.S. Treasuries, money market funds, exchange-traded equity securities, open-ended mutual funds, certain short-term investments, and exchange traded futures and option contracts.

Primary observable and unobservable inputs for level 2 and level 3 fair value measurements are described below.

Fixed Maturities

Structured Securities

Primary observable inputs include: benchmark yields and spreads; monthly payment information; collateral performance, which varies by vintage year and includes delinquency rates, loss severity rates and refinancing assumptions; and credit default swap indices. Primary observable inputs specific to ABS, CLOs, and RMBS include: estimates of future principal prepayments, derived from the characteristics of the underlying structure; and prepayment speeds previously experienced at the interest rate levels projected for the collateral.

Primary unobservable inputs include: independent broker quotes; and credit spreads and interest rates beyond the observable curves. Primary unobservable inputs specific to less liquid securities or those that trade less actively, including subprime RMBS include: estimated cash flows; credit spreads, which include illiquidity premium; constant prepayment rates; constant default rates; and loss severity.

Corporate Bonds

Includes private placement securities for which the Company has elected the fair value option.

Primary observable inputs include: benchmark yields and spreads; reported trades, bids, offers of the same or similar securities; issuer spreads; and credit default swap curves. Primary observable specific to investment grade privately placed securities that utilize internal matrix pricing include credit spreads for public securities of similar quality, maturity, and sector, adjusted for non-public nature.

Primary unobservable inputs include: independent broker quotes; credit spreads beyond the observable curve; and interest rates beyond the observable curve. Primary unobservable inputs specific to below investment grade privately placed securities and private bank loans include credit spreads for public securities of similar quality, maturity, and sector, adjusted for non-public nature.

Foreign Government and Agencies, Municipal Bonds, and U.S. Treasury Bonds

Primary observable inputs include: benchmark yields and spreads; issuer credit default swap curves; political events in emerging market economies; Municipal Securities Rulemaking Board reported trades and material event notices; and issuer financial statements.

Primary unobservable inputs include credit spreads and interest rates beyond the observable curves.

Equity Securities

Primary observable inputs include quoted prices in markets that are not active.

Primary unobservable inputs include internal discounted cash flow models utilizing earnings multiples or other cash flow assumptions.

Investment Funds

There are no primary observable inputs.

Primary unobservable inputs include: prices of privately traded securities; and characteristics of privately traded securities, including yield, duration and spread duration. For equity method investments not held at fair value, the carrying value of the investment is based on the latest capital statement received by the Company for their investment.

Freestanding Derivatives

Credit Derivatives

Primary observable inputs include: swap yield curves; and credit default swap curves.

Foreign Currency Derivatives

Primary observable inputs include: the swap yield curve; currency spot and forward rates; and cross currency basis curves.

Interest Rate Derivatives

Primary observable inputs include the swap yield curve.

Primary unobservable inputs include: independent broker quotes; interest rate volatility; and the swap curve beyond 30 years.

Short-Term Investments

Primary observable inputs include: benchmark yields and spreads; reported trades, bids, and offers; issuer spreads and credit default swap curves; and material event notices and new issue money market rates.

Primary unobservable inputs include independent broker quotes.

Fixed Indexed Annuities Embedded Derivatives

Primary observable inputs include: risk-free rates as represented by the Eurodollar futures, LIBOR deposits and swap rates to derive forward curve rates; correlations of 10 years of observed historical returns across underlying well-known market indices; correlations of historical index returns compared to separate account fund returns; and equity index levels.

Primary unobservable inputs include: market implied equity volatility assumptions; credit standing adjustment assumptions; option budgets; and assumptions about policyholder behavior, such as withdrawal utilization, withdrawal rates, lapse rates, and reset elections.

The fair value for the FIA embedded derivatives are calculated as an aggregation of the following components: Best Estimate Benefits; Credit Standing Adjustment; and Margins. The Company believes the aggregation of these components results in an amount that a market participant in an active liquid market would require, if such a market existed. Each component described in the following discussion is unobservable in the marketplace and requires subjectivity by the Company in determining its value.

Best Estimate Benefits

The Best Estimate Benefits are calculated based on actuarial and capital market assumptions related to projected cash flows, including the present value of benefits and related contract charges, over the lives of the contracts, incorporating unobservable inputs including expectations concerning policyholder behavior.

Credit Standing Adjustment

The credit standing adjustment is an estimate of the adjustment to the fair value that market participants would require in determining fair value to reflect the risk will not be fulfilled. The Company incorporates a blend of estimates of peer company and reinsurer bond spreads and credit default spreads from capital markets.

Margins

The behavior risk margin adds a margin that market participants would require, in determining fair value, for the risk that the Company’s assumptions about policyholder behavior could differ from actual experience. The behavior risk margin is calculated by taking the difference between adverse policyholder behavior assumptions and best estimate assumptions.

Separate Account Assets

Separate account assets include fixed maturities, equity securities (largely consisted of mutual funds), mortgage loans, short-term investments, and other invested assets (largely consisted of investment funds and freestanding derivatives) that are valued in the same manner, and using the same pricing sources and inputs, as those investments held by the Company.

For other invested assets in which fair value represents a share of the NAV 34% and 53% were subject to significant liquidation restrictions as of December 31, 2023 (Successor Company) and December 31, 2022 (Predecessor Company), respectively. As of December 31, 2023 (Successor Company) and December 31, 2022 (Predecessor Company), there were no investment funds that did not allow any form of redemption.

Separate account assets classified as Level 3 primarily include long-dated bank loans, subprime RMBS and commercial mortgage loans.