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Investment Holding Level 1 (Notes)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Investments [Abstract]  
Investment Holdings [Text Block]
Net Investment Income
Successor CompanyPredecessor Company
For the Years Ended December 31,June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018
(Before tax)20202019
Fixed maturities [1]$518 $586 $343 $395 
Equity securities
Mortgage loans92 92 49 54 
Policy loans82 84 48 32 
Limited partnerships and other alternative investments130 161 67 41 
Other investments [2]13 19 11 13 
Investment expenses(26)(24)(18)(19)
Total net investment income$816 $924 $509 $520 
[1]    Includes net investment income on short-term investments.
[2]    Includes income from derivatives that qualify for hedge accounting and hedge fixed maturities along with income on assets from the Corporate Owned Life Insurance ("COLI") block of business.
Net Realized Capital Gains (Losses)
Successor CompanyPredecessor Company
For the Years Ended December 31,June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018
(Before tax)20202019
Gross gains on sales$166 $67 $12 $49 
Gross losses on sales(32)(18)(38)(112)
Equity securities [1](21)
Net credit losses on fixed maturities, AFS [2](1)
Change in ACL on mortgage loans [3](8)
Intent-to-sell impairments(6)— (1)— 
Net OTTI losses recognized in earnings(4)(6)— 
Valuation allowances on mortgage loans— (5)— 
Results of variable annuity hedge program:
GMWB derivatives, net82 53 12 12 
Macro hedge program(414)(418)153 (36)
Total results of variable annuity hedge program(332)(365)165 (24)
Transactional foreign currency revaluation(4)(6)
Non-qualifying foreign currency derivatives(7)(4)(10)
Other, net [4]142 51 37 (23)
Net realized capital gains (losses)$(74)$(275)$142 $(107)
[1]     The net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities included in net realized capital gains (losses) related to equity securities still held as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), were $4 for the year ended December 31, 2020 (Successor Company).The net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities included in net realized capital gains (losses) related to equity securities still held as of December 31, 2019 (Successor Company), were $(2) for the year ended December 31, 2019 (Successor Company).The net unrealized gains (losses) on equity securities included in net realized capital gains (losses) related to equity securities were $(14) for the period of June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 (Successor Company), and $(3) for the period of January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018 (Predecessor Company).
[2]    Due to the adoption of accounting guidance for credit losses on January 1, 2020, realized capital losses previously reported as OTTI are now presented as credit losses which are net of any recoveries. For further information, refer to Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
[3]    Represents the change in ACL recorded during the period following the adoption of accounting guidance for credit losses on January 1, 2020. For further information, refer to Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
[4] Includes gains (losses) on non-qualifying derivatives, excluding foreign currency derivatives, of $149 for the year ended December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), $54 for the year ended December 31, 2019 (Successor Company), $35 for the period of June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 (Successor Company), and $(10) for the period of January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018 (Predecessor Company).
Sales of AFS Securities
Successor CompanyPredecessor Company
For the Years Ended December 31,June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018
20202019
Fixed maturities, AFS
Sale proceeds$1,789 $2,541 $2,523 $3,523 
Gross gains165 67 12 45 
Gross losses(31)(16)(37)(47)
Sales of AFS securities in 2020 were primarily a result of tactical changes to the portfolio as a result of changing market conditions and to a lesser extent duration and liquidity management.
Accrued Interest Receivable on Fixed Maturities, AFS and Mortgage Loans
As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), the Company reported accrued interest receivable related to fixed maturities, AFS of $114 and $122, respectively, and accrued interest receivable related to mortgage loans of $7 and $8, respectively. These amounts are recorded in other assets on the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are not included in the amortized cost or fair value of the fixed maturities or mortgage loans. The Company does not include the current accrued interest receivable balance when estimating the ACL. The Company has a policy to write-off accrued interest receivable balances that are more than 90 days past due. Write-offs of accrued interest receivable are recorded as a credit loss component of realized capital gains and losses.
Interest income on fixed maturities and mortgage loans is accrued unless it is past due over 90 days or management deems the interest uncollectible.
Recognition and Presentation of Intent-to-Sell Impairments and ACL on Fixed Maturities, AFS
The Company will record an "intent-to-sell impairment" as a reduction to the amortized cost of fixed maturities, AFS in an unrealized loss position if the Company intends to sell or it is more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell the fixed maturity before a recovery in value. A corresponding charge is recorded in net realized capital losses equal to the difference between the fair value on the impairment date and the amortized cost basis of the fixed maturity before recognizing the impairment.
When fixed maturities are in an unrealized loss position and the Company does not record an intent-to-sell impairment, the Company will record an ACL, through net realized capital gains and losses, for the portion of the unrealized loss due to a credit loss. Any remaining unrealized loss on a fixed maturity after recording an ACL is the non-credit amount and is recorded in OCI. The ACL is the excess of the amortized cost over the greater of the Company's best estimate of the present value of expected future cash flows or the security's fair value. Cash flows are discounted at the effective yield that is used to record interest income. The ACL cannot exceed the unrealized loss and, therefore, it may fluctuate with changes in the fair value of the fixed maturity if the fair value is greater than the Company's best estimate of the present value of expected future cash flows. The initial ACL and any subsequent changes are recorded in net realized capital gains and losses. The ACL is written off against the amortized cost in the period in which all or a portion of the related fixed maturity investment is determined to be uncollectible.
Prior to January 1, 2020, the Company recorded an OTTI for those fixed maturities for which the Company did not expect to recover the entire amortized cost basis. For these securities, the excess of the amortized cost basis over its fair value was separated into the portion representing a credit OTTI, which was recorded in net realized capital losses, and the remaining non-credit amount, which was recorded in OCI. The credit OTTI amount is the excess of its amortized cost basis over the Company’s best estimate of discounted expected future cash flows. The non-credit amount is the excess of the best estimate of the discounted expected future cash flows over the fair value.The Company’s best estimate of discounted
expected future cash flows became the new cost basis and accreted prospectively into net investment income over the estimated remaining life of the security. Amounts previously recognized in accumulated other comprehensive income as of the ASU 2016-13 guidance adoption date that relate to improvements in cash flows expected to be collected will continue to be accreted into income over the asset's remaining life.
Developing the Company’s best estimate of expected future cash flows is a quantitative and qualitative process that incorporates information received from third-party sources along with certain internal assumptions regarding the future performance. The Company's considerations include, but are not limited to (a) changes in the financial condition of the issuer and/or the underlying collateral, (b) whether the issuer is current on contractually obligated interest and principal payments, (c) credit ratings, (d) payment structure of the security and (e) the extent to which the fair value has been less than the amortized cost of the security.
For non-structured securities, assumptions include, but are not limited to, economic and industry-specific trends and fundamentals, instrument-specific developments including changes in credit ratings, industry earnings multiples and the issuer’s ability to restructure, access capital markets, and execute asset sales.
For structured securities, assumptions include, but are not limited to, various performance indicators such as historical and projected default and recovery rates, credit ratings, current and projected delinquency rates, loan-to-value ratios ("LTVs"), average cumulative collateral loss rates that vary by vintage year, prepayment speeds, and property value declines. These assumptions require the use of significant management judgment and include the probability of issuer default and estimates regarding timing and amount of expected recoveries which may include estimating the underlying collateral value.
ACL on Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type for the Year Ended December 31, 2020 (Successor Company)
(Before tax)CorporateTotal
Balance, beginning of year$— $— 
Credit losses on fixed maturities where an allowance was not previously recorded
Balance as of end of period$1 $1 
Cumulative Credit Impairments on Fixed Maturities, AFS
Successor Company
Predecessor Company
For the Year Ended December 31, 2019June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018
(Before tax)
Balance as of beginning of period$(6)$— $(88)
Additions for credit impairments recognized on [1]:
Fixed maturities not previously impaired(4)(6)— 
Reductions for credit impairments previously recognized on:
Fixed maturities that matured or were sold during the period— 17 
Fixed maturities due to an increase in expected cash flows— — 
Balance as of end of period$(4)$(6)$(70)
[1]These additions are included in net realized capital gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Fixed Maturities, AFS
Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type
Successor Company
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amortized Cost [1]ACL [2]Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueAmortized Cost [1]Gross Unrealized GainsGross Unrealized LossesFair ValueNon-Credit OTTI [3]
ABS$436 $— $$— $444 $291 $$— $295 $— 
CLOs1,425 — (4)1,428 1,150 (6)1,150 — 
CMBS1,152 — 77 (11)1,215 1,331 65 (3)1,391 — 
Corporate7,240 (1)1,296 (12)8,552 7,403 696 (7)8,121 — 
Foreign govt./govt. agencies236 — 32 — 266 382 30 (1)409 — 
Municipal761 — 115 (1)875 705 56 — 761 — 
RMBS745 — 26 (2)769 853 16 (1)868 — 
U.S. Treasuries1,142 — 192 (8)1,326 905 88 — 993 — 
Total fixed maturities, AFS$13,137 $(1)$1,753 $(38)$14,875 $13,020 $961 $(18)$13,988 $ 
[1]The cost or amortized cost of assets that support modified coinsurance reinsurance contracts were not adjusted as part of the application of pushdown accounting. As a result, gross unrealized gains (losses) only include subsequent changes in value recorded in AOCI beginning June 1, 2018. Prior changes in value have been recorded in additional paid-in capital.
[2]Represents the ACL recorded following the adoption of accounting guidance for credit losses on January 1, 2020. For further information refer to Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
[3]Represents the amount of cumulative non-credit impairment losses recognized in OCI on fixed maturities that also had credit impairments. These losses are included in gross unrealized losses as of December 31, 2019 (Successor Company).
Fixed maturities, AFS, by Contractual Maturity Year
Successor Company
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Contractual MaturityAmortized
Cost
Fair
Value
Amortized
Cost
Fair
Value
One year or less$238 $241 $295 $300 
Over one year through five years1,376 1,462 1,260 1,297 
Over five years through ten years1,808 2,052 1,824 1,951 
Over ten years5,957 7,264 6,016 6,736 
Subtotal9,379 11,019 9,395 10,284 
Mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities3,758 3,856 3,625 3,704 
Total fixed maturities, AFS$13,137 $14,875 $13,020 $13,988 
Estimated maturities may differ from contractual maturities due to call or prepayment provisions. Due to the potential for variability in payment speeds (i.e. prepayments or extensions), mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities are not categorized by contractual maturity.
Concentration of Credit Risk
The Company aims to maintain a diversified investment portfolio including issuer, sector and geographic stratification, where applicable, and has established certain exposure limits, diversification standards and review procedures to mitigate credit risk.
The Company had no investment exposure to any credit concentration risk of a single issuer greater than 10% of the Company's stockholder's equity, other than the U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies as of December 31, 2020 or 2019 (Successor Company). As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), other than U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies, the Company’s three largest exposures by issuer were the IBM Corporation, Walt Disney Company, and Wells Fargo & Company, which each comprised less than 1% of total invested assets. As of December 31, 2019 (Successor Company), other than U.S. government and certain U.S. government agencies, the Company’s three
largest exposures by issuer were the IBM Corporation, Walt Disney Company, and the Microsoft Corporation, which each comprised less than 1% of total invested assets.
The Company’s three largest exposures by sector as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), were financial services, utilities, and the CLO sector which comprised approximately 8%, 8%, and 7%, respectively, of total invested assets. The Company’s three largest exposures by sector as of December 31, 2019 (Successor Company) were utilities, CMBS, and financial services which comprised approximately 7%, 7%, and 7%, respectively, of total invested assets.
Unrealized Losses on Fixed Maturities, AFS
Unrealized Loss Aging for Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type and Length of Time as of December 31, 2020
Successor Company
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
ABS$— $— $16 $— $16 $— 
CLOs346 (1)411 (3)757 (4)
CMBS214 (11)— 216 (11)
Corporate110 (9)63 (3)173 (12)
Foreign govt./govt. agencies— — — — 
Municipal28 (1)— — 28 (1)
RMBS223 (1)39 (1)262 (2)
U.S. Treasuries236 (8)— — 236 (8)
Total fixed maturities, AFS in an unrealized loss position$1,158 $(31)$531 $(7)$1,689 $(38)
Unrealized Loss Aging for Fixed Maturities, AFS by Type and Length of Time as of December 31, 2019
Successor Company
Less Than 12 Months12 Months or MoreTotal
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
Fair
Value
Unrealized
Losses
ABS$51 $— $14 $— $65 $— 
CLOs188 (1)642 (5)830 (6)
CMBS93 (2)(1)102 (3)
Corporate144 (3)176 (4)320 (7)
Foreign govt./govt. agencies— 30 (1)35 (1)
Municipal51 — — — 51 — 
RMBS80 — 87 (1)167 (1)
U.S. Treasuries13 — — — 13 — 
Total fixed maturities, AFS in an unrealized loss position$625 $(6)$958 $(12)$1,583 $(18)
As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), fixed maturities, AFS in an unrealized loss position consisted of 377 instruments, primarily in the corporate sectors, most notably energy issuers and issuers in the transportation services sector, and CMBS which were depressed largely due to widening of credit spreads since the purchase date. As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), 99% of these fixed maturities were depressed less than 20% of cost or amortized cost. The increase in unrealized losses during 2020 was primarily attributable to wider credit spreads within higher yielding corporates and CMBS and higher interest rates on U.S. Treasuries purchased earlier in the year.
Most of the fixed maturities depressed for twelve months or more relate to CLOs and corporates. CLO securities and corporate fixed maturities were primarily depressed because current market spreads are wider than at the respective purchase dates. The Company neither has an intention to sell nor does it expect to be required to sell the fixed maturities outlined in the preceding discussion. The decision to record credit losses on fixed maturities, AFS in the form of an ACL
requires us to make qualitative and quantitative estimates of expected future cash flows. Actual cash flows could deviate significantly from our expectations resulting in realized losses in future periods.
Mortgage Loans
ACL on Mortgage Loans
The Company reviews mortgage loans on a quarterly basis to estimate the ACL, with changes in the ACL recorded in net realized capital gains and losses. Apart from an ACL recorded on individual mortgage loans where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulties, the Company records an ACL on the pool of mortgage loans based on lifetime expected credit losses. The Company utilizes a third-party forecasting model to estimate lifetime expected credit losses at a loan level under multiple economic scenarios. The scenarios use macroeconomic data provided by an internationally recognized economics firm that generates forecasts of varying economic factors such as GDP growth, unemployment and interest rates. The economic scenarios are projected over 10 years. The first two to four years of the 10-year period assume a specific modeled economic scenario (including moderate upside, moderate recession and severe recession scenarios) and then revert to historical long-term assumptions over the remaining period. Using these economic scenarios, the forecasting model projects property-specific operating income and capitalization rates used to estimate the value of a future operating income stream. The operating income and the property valuations derived from capitalization rates are compared to loan payment and principal amounts to create debt-service coverage ratios ("DSCRs") and LTVs over the forecast period. The model overlays historical data about mortgage loan performance based on DSCRs and LTVs and projects the probability of default, amount of loss given a default and resulting expected loss through maturity for each loan under each economic scenario. Economic scenarios are probability-weighted based on a statistical analysis of the forecasted economic factors and qualitative analysis. The Company records the change in the ACL on mortgage loans based on the weighted-average expected credit losses across the selected economic scenarios.
In response to significant economic stress experienced as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic during 2020 the Company increased the weight of both a moderate and severe recession in our estimate of the ACL. The Company continues to monitor economic uncertainty including rising COVID-19 infections leading to short-term lockdowns and the corresponding impact that this might have on the mortgage loan portfolio.
The ultimate impact to the Company’s financial statements could vary significantly from our estimates depending on, among other things, the duration and severity of the pandemic, the duration and severity of the economic downturn and the degree to which federal, state and local government actions to mitigate the economic impact of COVID-19 are effective. The impact on our commercial mortgage loan portfolio will also be impacted by borrower behavior in response to the economic stress. Borrowers with lower LTVs have an incentive to continue to make payments of principal and/or interest in order to preserve the equity they have in the underlying commercial real estate properties. As property values decline, borrowers have less incentive to continue to make payments.
When a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, including when foreclosure is probable, the Company measures an ACL on individual mortgage loans.The ACL is established for any shortfall between the amortized cost of the loan and the fair value of the collateral less costs to sell. Estimates of collectibility from an individual borrower require the use of significant management judgment and include the probability and timing of borrower default and loss severity estimates. In addition, cash flow projections may change based upon new information about the borrower's ability to pay and/or the value of underlying collateral such as changes in projected property value estimates. As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), the Company did not have any mortgage loans for which an ACL was established on an individual basis.
There were no mortgage loans held-for-sale as of December 31, 2020 or 2019 (Successor Company). As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), the Company had no mortgage loans that have had extensions or restructurings other than what is allowable under the original terms of the contract.
Prior to January 1, 2020, the accounting model was based on an incurred loss approach. Mortgage loans were considered to be impaired when management estimated that, based upon current information and events, it was probable that the Company would be unable to collect amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. For mortgage loans that were deemed impaired, a valuation allowance was established for the difference between the carrying amount and estimated value. Changes in valuation allowances were recorded in net realized capital gains and losses.
ACL on Mortgage Loans
Successor CompanyPredecessor Company
For the Years Ended December 31,June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018
20202019
Balance as of January 1, $ $5 $ $ 
Cumulative effect of accounting changes [1]
Adjusted beginning ACL [2]— — 
Current period provision (release)(5)— 
Balance as of December 31,$17 $ $5 $ 
[1] Represents the establishment of ACL recorded on adoption of accounting guidance for credit losses on January 1, 2020. For further                 information, refer to Note 1 - Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies.
[2] Prior to adoption of accounting guidance for credit losses on January 1, 2020, amounts were presented as a valuation allowance on mortgage loans.
The increase in the allowance for the year-ended December 31, 2020 (Successor Company) is the result of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impacts on the economic forecasts, as discussed above, as well as lower estimated property values and operating income as compared to the prior year.
The weighted-average LTV ratio of the Company’s mortgage loan portfolio was 54% as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), while the weighted-average LTV ratio at origination of these loans was 62%. LTV ratios compare the loan amount to the value of the underlying property collateralizing the loan with property values based on appraisals updated no less than annually. Factors considered in estimating property values include, among other things, actual and expected property cash flows, geographic market data and the ratio of the property's net operating income to its value. DSCR compares a property’s net operating income to the borrower’s principal and interest payments and are updated no less than annually through reviews of underlying properties.
Mortgage Loans LTV & DSCR by Origination Year as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company)
202020192018201720162015 & PriorTotal
Loan-to-ValueAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized CostAvg. DSCRAmortized Cost [1]Avg. DSCR
65% - 80%1.24x78 1.56x175 1.75x94 1.98x2.95x54 1.12x408 1.68x
Less than 65%164 2.26x207 2.95x178 2.24x248 2.35x176 2.90x728 2.29x1,701 2.44x
Total mortgage loans$170 2.23x$285 2.56x$353 1.99x$342 2.25x$177 2.90x$782 2.21x$2,109 2.29x
[1] Amortized cost of mortgage loans excludes ACL of $17.
Mortgage Loans LTV & DSCR as of December 31, 2019 (Successor Company)
Loan-to-ValueAmortized CostAvg. DSCR
65% - 80%$269 1.74x
Less than 65%1,972 2.44x
Total mortgage loans$2,241 2.36x
Mortgage Loans by Region
Successor Company
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost [1]
Percent of TotalAmortized
Cost
Percent of Total
East North Central$80 3.8 %$67 3.0 %
East South Central19 0.9 %19 0.9 %
Middle Atlantic154 7.3 %204 9.1 %
Mountain78 3.7 %75 3.3 %
New England83 3.9 %85 3.8 %
Pacific562 26.7 %646 28.8 %
South Atlantic569 27.0 %510 22.8 %
West South Central213 10.1 %209 9.3 %
Other [2]351 16.6 %426 19.0 %
Total mortgage loans$2,109 100 %$2,241 100 %
[1]Amortized cost of mortgage loans excludes ACL of $17.
[2]Primarily represents loans collateralized by multiple properties in various regions.
Mortgage Loans by Property Type
Successor Company
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Amortized
Cost [1]
Percent of TotalAmortized
Cost
Percent of Total
Commercial
Industrial$602 28.6 %$603 26.9 %
Lodging22 1.0 %24 1.1 %
Multifamily536 25.4 %576 25.7 %
Office481 22.8 %471 21.0 %
Retail418 19.8 %398 17.8 %
Single Family50 2.4 %120 5.3 %
Other— — %49 2.2 %
Total mortgage loans$2,109 100 %$2,241 100 %
[1]Amortized cost of mortgage loans excludes ACL of $17.
Past-Due Mortgage Loans
Mortgage loans are considered past due if a payment of principal or interest is not received according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement, which typically includes a grace period. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), the Company held no mortgage loans considered past due.
Purchased Financial Assets with Credit Deterioration
Purchased financial assets with credit deterioration ("PCD") are purchased financial assets with a “more-than-insignificant” amount of credit deterioration since origination. PCD assets are assessed only at initial acquisition date and for any investments identified, the Company records an allowance at acquisition with a corresponding increase to the amortized cost basis. As of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), the Company held no PCD fixed maturities, AFS or mortgage loans.
Variable Interest Entities
The Company is engaged with various special purpose entities and other entities that are deemed to be variable interest entities ("VIEs") primarily as an investor through normal investment activities.
A VIE is an entity that either has investors that lack certain essential characteristics of a controlling financial interest, such as simple majority kick-out rights, or lacks sufficient funds to finance its own activities without financial support provided by other entities. The Company performs ongoing qualitative assessments of its VIEs to determine whether the Company has a controlling financial interest in the VIE and therefore is the primary beneficiary. The Company is deemed to have a controlling financial interest when it has both the ability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIE and the obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. Based on the Company’s assessment, if it determines it is the primary beneficiary, the Company consolidates the VIE on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), the Company did not hold any VIEs for which it was the primary beneficiary.
Non-Consolidated VIEs
The Company, through normal investment activities, makes passive investments in limited partnerships and other alternative investments. For these non-consolidated VIEs, the Company has determined it is not the primary beneficiary as it has no ability to direct activities that could significantly affect the economic performance of the investments. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company) is limited to the total carrying value of $975 and $914, respectively, which are included in limited partnerships and other alternative investments on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), the Company had outstanding commitments totaling $461 and $474, respectively, whereby the Company is committed to fund these investments and may be called by the partnership during the commitment period to fund the purchase of new investments and partnership expenses. These investments are generally of a passive nature in that the Company does not take an active role in management.
In addition, the Company also makes passive investments in structured securities issued by VIEs for which the Company is not the manager. These investments are included in ABS, CLOs, CMBS and RMBS in the Available-for-Sale Securities table on the Company’s Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company has not provided financial or other support with respect to these investments other than its original investment. For these investments, the Company determined it is not the primary beneficiary due to the relative size of the Company’s investment in comparison to the principal amount of the structured securities issued by the VIEs, the level of credit subordination which reduces the Company’s obligation to absorb losses or right to receive benefits and the Company’s inability to direct the activities that most significantly impact the economic performance of the VIEs. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss on these investments is limited to the amount of the Company’s investment.
Repurchase Agreements and Other Collateral Transactions
The Company enters into securities financing transactions as a way to earn additional income or manage liquidity, primarily through repurchase agreements.
Repurchase Agreements
From time to time, the Company enters into repurchase agreements to manage liquidity or to earn incremental income. A repurchase agreement is a transaction in which one party (transferor) agrees to sell securities to another party (transferee) in return for cash (or securities), with a simultaneous agreement to repurchase the same securities at a specified price at a later date. The maturity of these transactions is generally of ninety days or less. Repurchase agreements include master netting provisions that provide both parties the right to offset claims and apply securities held by them with respect to their obligations in the event of a default. Although the Company has the contractual right to offset claims, the Company's current positions do not meet the specific conditions for net presentation.
Under repurchase agreements, the Company transfers collateral of U.S. government and government agency securities and receives cash. For repurchase agreements, the Company obtains cash in an amount equal to at least 95% of the fair value of the securities transferred. The agreements require additional collateral to be transferred under specified conditions and provide the counterparty the right to sell or re-pledge the securities transferred. The cash received from the repurchase program is typically invested in short-term investments or fixed maturities and is reported as an asset on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets. The Company accounts for the repurchase agreements as collateralized borrowings. The securities transferred under repurchase agreements are included in fixed maturities, AFS with the obligation to repurchase those securities recorded in other liabilities on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
From time to time, the Company enters into reverse repurchase agreements where the Company purchases securities and simultaneously agrees to resell the same or substantially the same securities. The maturity of these transactions is generally within one year. The agreements require additional collateral to be transferred to the Company under specified conditions and the Company has the right to sell or re-pledge the securities received. The Company accounts for reverse repurchase agreements as collateralized financing. The receivable for reverse repurchase agreements is included within short-term investments in the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Repurchase Agreements
Successor Company
December 31, 2020December 31, 2019
Fair ValueFair Value
Repurchase agreements:
Gross amount of recognized liabilities for repurchase agreements$262 $269 
Gross amount of collateral pledged related to repurchase agreements [1]$267 $273 
Gross amount of recognized receivables for reverse repurchase agreements [2]$28 $10 
[1]Collateral pledged is included within fixed maturities, AFS and short-term investments on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
[2]Collateral received is included within short-term investments on the Company's Consolidated Balance Sheets.
Other Collateral Transactions
The Company is required by law to deposit securities with government agencies in certain states in which it conducts business. As of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), the fair value of securities on deposit was $28 and $24, respectively.
For disclosure of collateral in support of derivative transactions, refer to the Derivative Collateral Arrangements section of Note 4 - Derivative Instruments of Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.
Equity Method Investments
The majority of the Company's investments in limited partnerships and other alternative investments, including hedge funds, mortgage and real estate funds, and private equity and other funds (collectively, “limited partnerships”), are accounted for under the equity method of accounting. The Company recognized total equity method income of $130 and $161 for the years ended December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), respectively, $67 for the period of June 1, 2018 to December 31, 2018 (Successor Company), and $41 for the period of January 1, 2018 to May 31, 2018 (Predecessor Company). Equity method income is reported in net investment income. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company) is limited to the total carrying value of $999. In addition, the Company has outstanding commitments totaling approximately $463, to fund limited partnership and other alternative investments as of December 31, 2020 (Successor Company).
The Company’s investments in limited partnerships are generally of a passive nature in that the Company does not take an active role in the management of the limited partnerships. In 2020, aggregate investment income (losses) from limited partnerships and other alternative investments exceeded 10% of the Company’s pre-tax consolidated net income. Accordingly, the Company is disclosing aggregated summarized financial data for the Company’s limited partnership investments. This aggregated summarized financial data does not represent the Company’s proportionate share of limited partnership assets or earnings. Aggregate total assets of the limited partnerships in which the Company invested totaled $130.7 billion and $140.4 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), respectively. Aggregate total liabilities of the limited partnerships in which the Company invested totaled $24.3 billion and $25.5 billion as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 (Successor Company), respectively. Aggregate net investment income (loss) of the limited partnerships in which the Company invested totaled $1.0 billion, $405 and $653 for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (Successor Company), respectively. Aggregate net income excluding net investment income of the limited partnerships in which the Company invested totaled $5.9 billion, $10.2 billion, and $8.9 billion for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 (Successor Company), respectively. As of, and for the year ended, December 31, 2020 (Successor Company), the aggregated summarized financial data reflects the latest available financial information.