Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets

12 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2016

Goodwill and Intangible Assets Disclosure [Abstract]

GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS

The following table summarizes the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment for the year ended October 31, 2016 and 2015 (Dollars in millions):



	Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services			Paper Packaging & Services		Flexible Products & Services (1)		Land Management		Total
Balance at October 31, 2014	$	820.7		$	59.5	$	—	$	—	$	880.2
Goodwill acquired	—			—		—		—		—
Goodwill allocated to divestitures and businesses held for sale	(11.6		)	—		—		—		(11.6		)
Goodwill adjustments	—			—		—		—		—
Goodwill impairment charge	—			—		—		—		—
Currency translation	(61.5		)	—		—		—		(61.5		)
Balance at October 31, 2015	$	747.6		$	59.5	$	—	$	—	$	807.1
Goodwill acquired	—			—		—		—		—
Goodwill allocated to divestitures and businesses held for sale	(17.6		)	—		—		—		(17.6		)
Goodwill adjustments	—			—		—		—		—
Goodwill impairment charge	—			—		—		—		—
Currency translation	(3.1		)	—		—		—		(3.1		)
Balance at October 31, 2016	$	726.9		$	59.5	$	—	$	—	$	786.4


(1)	Accumulated goodwill impairment loss was $50.3 million as of October 31, 2016, 2015 and 2014.

The Company reviews goodwill by reporting unit and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment as required by ASC 350, “Intangibles – Goodwill and Other,” either annually in the fourth quarter as of August 1, or whenever events and circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. A reporting unit is the operating segment, or a business one level below that operating segment (the component level) if discrete financial information is prepared and regularly reviewed by segment management. The components are aggregated into reporting units for purposes of goodwill impairment testing to the extent they share similar qualitative and quantitative characteristics. The Company has five operating segments: Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services – Americas; Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific; Paper Packaging & Services; Flexible Products & Services; and Land Management. These five operating segments are aggregated into four reportable business segments by combining the Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services – Americas and Rigid Industrial Packaging & Services Europe, Middle East, Africa and Asia Pacific operating segments. The Company’s reporting units are the same as the operating segments.

Refer to Note 10 herein for further discussion regarding goodwill allocated to divestitures and businesses held for sale.

During the fourth quarter of 2014, triggering events occurred in the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit that significantly lowered the forecasted cash flow projections used by the Company during its annual impairment test. The triggering events identified were as follows:


•	During the fourth quarter of 2014, the Flexible Products & Services business changed the labor mix of employees at one of its facilities in Turkey, resulting in higher expected long-term overall labor costs.

•

There were also certain Flexible Products & Services businesses and facilities identified during the fourth quarter of 2014 as planned divestitures and shutdowns. These planned divestitures and shutdowns were primarily distribution locations and so reduced overall sales and topline revenue for Flexible Products & Services without reducing fixed production costs, resulting in projected decreases in gross margins and operating profit margins for the business as a whole.


•	Finally, there was a significant devaluation of the Euro that negatively impacted expected results for the Flexible Products & Services business, as a significant portion of its forecasted sales are to customers in the Euro zone. The devaluation is projected to have a long-term effect on the results of the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit.

Due to these events, the Company performed a goodwill impairment test as of October 31, 2014 for the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit. Based on the analysis performed as of October 31, 2014, the carrying amount of the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit exceeded the fair value of the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit and the goodwill of the Flexible Products & Services reporting unit as of October 31, 2014 was fully impaired and written off as of October 31, 2014.

The fair value was determined primarily using the income approach by discounting estimated future cash flows. Those cash flow projections were prepared based upon the evaluation of the historical performance and future growth expectations for the Flexible Products & Services segment. Revenue was based on 2015 projections with a long-term growth rate applied to future periods. The most critical assumptions within the cash flow projections are revenue growth rates and forecasted gross margin percentages. The second step of the goodwill impairment test compared the implied fair value of the reporting unit’s goodwill with the carrying amount of that goodwill. The implied fair value of goodwill was calculated as the difference between the fair value of the reporting unit as a whole and the fair values of the other non-goodwill assets and liabilities making up the reporting unit. Significant assumptions used in the calculation of the implied fair value include those used in the valuation of fixed assets and intangibles. Fixed assets were valued using the indirect cost approach. The customer retention model used to value the customer list intangible asset was the multi-period excess earnings method.

The following table summarizes the carrying amount of net intangible assets by class as of October 31, 2016 and October 31, 2015 (Dollars in millions):



	Gross Intangible Assets		Accumulated Amortization		Net Intangible Assets
October 31, 2016:
Indefinite lived:
Trademarks and patents	$	13.0	$	—	$	13.0
Definite lived:
Customer relationships	$	167.6	$	86.9	$	80.7
Trademarks and patents	12.1		4.8		7.3
Non-compete agreements	1.0		0.9		0.1
Other	23.5		14.0		9.5
Total	$	217.2	$	106.6	$	110.6
October 31, 2015:
Indefinite lived:
Trademarks and patents	$	13.1	$	—	$	13.1
Definite lived:
Customer relationships	$	180.7	$	81.7	$	99.0
Trademarks and patents	12.4		4.2		8.2
Non-compete agreements	4.9		4.5		0.4
Other	24.2		12.2		12.0
Total	$	235.3	$	102.6	$	132.7

Gross intangible assets decreased by $18.1 million for the year ended October 31, 2016. The decrease was attributable to $7.6 million of gross intangibles divested, $4.2 million of impairments resulting from a business being classified into held for sale, $1.6 million of currency fluctuations and the write-off of $4.7 million of fully-amortized assets. Amortization expense was $16.8 million, $18.4 million and $22.0 million for the years ended 2016, 2015 and 2014, respectively. Amortization expense for the next five years is expected to be $15.3 million in 2017, $14.9 million in 2018, $14.8 million in 2019, $14.3 million in 2020 and $12.6 million million in 2021.

Definite lived intangible assets for the periods presented are subject to amortization and are being amortized using the straight-line method over periods that are contractually or legally determined or through purchase price accounting. Indefinite lived intangibles of approximately $13.0 million as of October 31, 2016, which related primarily to the Tri-Sure trademark and trade names related to Blagden Express, Closed-loop and Box Board, are not amortized.

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the aggregate amount of goodwill and a description of intangible assets, which may include (a) for amortizable intangible assets (also referred to as finite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, the amount of any significant residual value, and the weighted-average amortization period, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization (also referred to as indefinite-lived intangible assets), the carrying amount, and (c) the amount of research and development assets acquired and written off in the period, including the line item in the income statement in which the amounts written off are aggregated, if not readily apparent from the income statement. Also discloses (a) for amortizable intangibles assets in total and by major class, the gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization, the total amortization expense for the period, and the estimated aggregate amortization expense for each of the five succeeding fiscal years, (b) for intangible assets not subject to amortization the carrying amount in total and by major class, and (c) for goodwill, in total and for each reportable segment, the changes in the carrying amount of goodwill during the period (including the aggregate amount of goodwill acquired, the aggregate amount of impairment losses recognized, and the amount of goodwill included in the gain (loss) on disposal of a reporting unit). If any part of goodwill has not been allocated to a reportable segment, discloses the unallocated amount and the reasons for not allocating. For each impairment loss recognized related to an intangible asset (excluding goodwill), discloses: (a) a description of the impaired intangible asset and the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method for determining fair value, (c) the caption in the income statement or the statement of activities in which the impairment loss is aggregated, and (d) the segment in which the impaired intangible asset is reported. For each goodwill impairment loss recognized, discloses: (a) a description of the facts and circumstances leading to the impairment, (b) the amount of the impairment loss and the method of determining the fair value of the associated reporting unit, and (c) if a recognized impairment loss is an estimate not finalized and the reasons why the estimate is not final. May also disclose the nature and amount of any significant adjustments made to a previous estimate of an impairment loss.

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